Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by. Welcome to Bayer's Investor and Analyst Conference Call on the first quarter 2023 results. Throughout today's recorded presentation, all participants will be in a listen-only mode. The presentation will be followed by a question and answer session. If any participant has difficulty hearing the conference, please press the star key followed by 0 on your telephone for operator assistance. I would now like to turn the conference over to Oliver Maier, Head of Investor Relations of Bayer AG. Please go ahead. Thank you very much, Natalie. Good afternoon and thanks everybody for joining us today. I'd like to welcome all of you to our first quarter 2023 conference call. With me on the call today is Werner Baumann, our CEO. I have to excuse Wolfgang Nickl, our CFO, as he got really sick yesterday and he can't join us today. We make Werner work really hard today because he has to read the whole part. The businesses are represented by the responsible board members for the Q&A session. Werner will begin today's call with framing the first quarter, and then he will comment on the drivers of our business performance, as well as the outlook for 2023 before we open the Q&A session. As always, I'd like to start the call today by drawing your attention to the cautionary language that is included in our safe harbor statement, as well as in all the materials that have been distributed today. With that, I'll hand it over to you, Werner. All right. Thank you, Oliver. Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. It's my pleasure to welcome you to our quarter one conference call. The first quarter came in soft in comparison to an outstanding prior year. Overall, this was largely anticipated due to the volatile glyphosate dynamics and the current realization profile with improving performance towards the second half of 2023. Setting the glyphosate dynamics aside for a moment, our remaining Crop Science portfolio performed very well. With 8% currency and portfolio-adjusted growth, we are fully on track. We achieved double-digit% sales increases, particularly in corn seeds and traits and insecticides. For pharmaceuticals, our launch assets continued their strong momentum. Nubeqa more than doubled sales again in quarter one and gained market share. Kerendia entered our top 15 products for the first time. We also see solid contributions from Eylea again. In our consumer health division, we saw strong growth in the allergy, cough and cold, and dermatology categories, partially offset by a consolidation in the nutritional segment. As shared already in our last conference call, the first quarter was impacted by foreseen transitional happens for our pharma business in China. This was A, driven by the COVID-19 wave, holding back sales across the portfolio. B, the impact from volume-based procurement, particularly on Avodart. We anticipate patient flow in China to recover throughout the year. We also continue to expect a general performance improvement in the second half of 2023, as we expect to benefit from increasing contributions of our launch assets. Now, the one core variable in our year-on-year performance relates to the expected decline in glyphosate-based service sites. We've seen the generic reference pricing come down faster than anticipated in quarter one. We were able to almost fully compensate this by the solid performance in the remaining non-glyphosate portfolio for the quarter. We assume that the accelerated glyphosate normalization continues for the remainder of the year. Overall, this leads to a more muted outlook on a divisional level for Crop Science. Despite the stronger decline in glyphosate-based service sites and sustained inflationary pressure, we expect to protect our bottom line by continued active pricing management in the remaining portfolio and additional cost savings measures. At group level, our updated plan remains in line with the lower end of our guidance range. Let's now come to our regular update on the innovation progress since our last call. On our late-stage pipeline in Pharma, we have initiated a phase III study, ARASTEP, to investigate the efficacy of Nubeqa in patients with biochemical recurrence. Provided a successful study completion, this could make Nubeqa available also for prostate cancer patients in earlier stages of the disease. Meanwhile, we continue to broaden the use of Nubeqa in the metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer setting throughout label expansions in various regions like Japan, the E.U., and China. We are seeking approval of Eylea in 8 mg f or the treatment of two major retinal diseases, neovascular wet age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular edema in Japan. In order to potentially expand the use of Eylea 8 mg to patients with macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion, we have announced the initiation of the phase III study, QUASAR, just yesterday. Finally, we're also very pleased to share with you that we continue to see strong patient recruitment dynamics in our Asundexian phase III OCEANIC program, beating all of our initial expectations. In crop science, we have successfully launched the field trials for our Preceon smart corn system in the U.S. on more than 30,000 acres and with about 300 participating farmers. We look forward to their feedback on this transformational corn production system, which brings together three components: our short set your corn hybrids, digital insights, and tailored support. Also, in corn, our SmartStax PRO with RNAi technology for corn rootworm control is expected to surpass 1 million acres this season. For cotton, we have launched ThryvOn in the U.S., our first-ever trait for the control of piercing sucking pests. All these technologies advanced our parallel goals of producing more while using fewer resources, supporting sustainable food systems for growers. I would like to close this part by reminding you of two of our planned innovation events, our Crop Science Innovation Summit on June 20th, and our Pharma R&D Event on June 28th that I highly recommend to join. Let me now come to quarter one and the drivers of our business, followed by the financial outlook for full year. Group sales came in at EUR 14.4 billion, almost in line with the higher prior year. We saw faster normalization in glyphosate market conditions, as well as expected headwinds for our pharmaceutical products in China, which were almost compensated by a very solid performance in the remaining businesses. Our EBITDA before special items declined by 15% to EUR 4.5 billion, largely because of the lower contributions from glyphosate-based herbicides compared to Q1 2022, continued high levels of cost inflation, and ongoing investments in pharma innovation. Subsequently, the EBITDA margin before special items came in at 31.1%. Core earnings per share of EUR 2.95 were slightly above market expectations for the quarter, as expected, below an exceptional prior year comparable of EUR 3.53, mainly driven by the outlined business effects. Our core financial results improved year-on-year due to higher interest income on money market funds, as well as positive fair value changes in planned asset and debt investments due to better performance of the capital markets. Core tax rates came in at 23.6%, in line with our full year guidance. Our free cash flow amounted to minus EUR 4.1 billion in quarter one 2023 compared to minus EUR 1.2 billion last year. The decline is driven by higher litigation payouts for the previously announced PCB settlements, as well as lower divisional contributions. You know, our quarterly cash profile, in particular in Crop Science, is very seasonal, with the main inflows expected in the second half of the year. Our net financial debt increased to EUR 36.1 billion by the end of the first quarter. This is also driven by the settlement payouts and the seasonality of our cash flow profiles, which I just mentioned. For our Crop Science division, sales declined by 1% on a currency and portfolio-adjusted basis compared to an outstanding prior year quarter. As you can see in the bridge, sales for glyphosate-based herbicides dropped by 50%, or approximately EUR 700 million in the first quarter. However, we were able to almost offset this decline, thanks to more than 8% sales growth in the remaining business. Here, we saw a more than 11% benefit from pricing, offsetting a 3% decline from volume. Corn seeds and trades had a very good start into the year, with sales growing by 16% on a currency and portfolio-adjusted basis. Growth came mainly from price increases in North America and EMEA. Higher volumes in the U.S. from anticipated higher planted acres and share gains were offset by lower volumes in EMEA due to lower expected acreage in Ukraine due to the ongoing war. Our insecticide portfolio also grew with double digits, mainly driven by significant price and volume increases due to the performance of our Movento product against sucking pests in EMEA. Soybean seeds and trades posted a slight increase in sales, predominantly to higher volumes in Brazil. In North America, however, lower volumes that were partly related to phasing to the prior quarter could not be entirely offset by higher pricing. Looking at the bottom line, EBITDA before special items declined by 11% to EUR 3.3 billion, mainly impacted by the decline in glyphosate-based herbicides. Furthermore, inflationary pressure on costs remains high, summing up to about EUR 300 million in the first quarter. We were able to partially compensate these negative impacts by strong pricing in our remaining portfolio, contributions from our existing efficiency programs, and a positive currency effect. EBITDA margin before special items came in at an industry-leading 39.1%, slightly ahead of our projected range of 36%-38% for the quarter. Net sales came in at EUR 4.1 billion-EUR 4.4 billion, representing a 3% currency and portfolio-adjusted decline over the prior year quarter. Quarterly performance was significantly impacted by a temporary weakness in China. Similar to what other companies in pharma with a strong position in China were experiencing, January sales in this region nearly halved. In particular, the COVID-19 outbreak at the beginning of the year led to a mid-double-digit sales decline in this region, affecting almost all parts of the portfolio, and Xarelto in particular. On top of that, we saw the expected pressure from volume-based procurement on Adalat. On our launch assets, we benefited from strong growth in new prescriptions for Nubeqa and Kerendia in the United States. Nubeqa more than doubled sales again compared to quarter 1 2022 and continued to gain market share. In the U.S., Nubeqa is now the number 2 in second generation ARIs for non-metastatic, metastatic patients and about to become number 2 in metastatic patients as well. Kerendia sales more than tripled in the first quarter with continued U.S. market uptake and growing contributions also from markets outside of the U.S. Regarding our strategic focus countries, we continue to build our U.S. presence. With divisional sales in the United States being up 6%, we clearly outperformed other geographies. Moving on to market leading Eylea, we have seen continued volume growth across all regions that more than offset price declines in Europe. In addition, our market leading radiology business continued to contribute with higher volumes and price increases. EBITDA before special items came in at EUR 1.1 billion, with a corresponding margin of 25.1%. This was driven by the lower top line, product mix effect and inflation headwinds. Furthermore, we accelerated our R&D investments into platform companies and our late-stage pipeline, which also is a consequence of the positive and strong patient recruitment dynamics for the Asundexian trial. Moving on to consumer health, we once again delivered solid growth. Net sales increased by 4% on a currency and portfolio adjusted basis to EUR 1.6 billion on top of a high prior year comparable. In an environment of increasing price elasticity, temporary supply constraints, and sticky inflationary pressures, our active and targeted pricing management compensated for volume declines that we saw in the first quarter. Innovation drove significant growth in our allergy category of 16%, with strong contributions from Astepro. We also saw strong growth from our remaining allergy portfolio. We continued to successfully market our Bepanthen Derma product range, which supported our growth in dermatology. Based on continued elevated incidence levels of cold and flu, cough and cold sales increased strongly by 16% on top of an extraordinary strong prior year. After 3 years of significant growth, our nutritionals category declined by 10%. We are confident that the category will return to healthy growth for the full year. EBITDA before special items came in as expected at EUR 379 million and a margin of 24.1%. Contributions from our operational efficiency programs and active pricing management compensated for margin pressure from high cost inflation and supply constraints. At the same time, we maintained our substantial investments in innovation. Let's now look at our guidance for the full year. The main change on a divisional level is in Crop Science due to faster than expected decline in glyphosate market prices. We now expect glyphosate-based herbicide sales to decline by roughly EUR 1.7 billion at the midpoint compared to the previously indicated EUR 900 million. However, we expect to accelerate the currency and portfolio adjusted growth in the remaining Crop Science business to approximately 10% up from the previously mentioned 8%. Our outlook still assumes double-digit percentage sales growth in corn, fungicides, and insecticides supported by the innovation we are moving into the market and strong pricing. The quarterly development of the outlook is also significantly influenced by glyphosate-based herbicide sales trends, with most of the expected downturn occurring in the first half of the year. As a result, we now anticipate divisional sales to decline in the second quarter, followed by a slight recovery in quarter three and a strong finish of the year, mostly in Latin America. Overall, we now expect about 1.5% currency and portfolio adjusted growth for the division in 2023. To counter incremental inflation and the glyphosate downside, we put additional cost savings measures in place. We now expect to see a total contribution of more than 500 million in savings and efficiency measures for Crop Science. The EBITDA margin before special items is expected to come in at the lower end of our previous range, and that is approximately 25% now. Our pharmaceuticals and consumer health outlook remain unchanged. We reiterate our phasing assumptions that we shared previously. For pharmaceuticals, this translates into a first half of the year, clearly below the second half of the year, both in terms of top and bottom line, as we are going to see the offsetting dynamics from our launch assets later in the year. For the group, we confirm our full year guidance updated towards the lower end of the ranges provided for net sales, EBITDA before special items and core earnings per share. Our net debt financial debt guidance is anticipated to come in at the higher end of the range we gave to you. On FX, we updated our estimate for March closing rates. We would now expect a stronger headwind on top line of about EUR 1.7 billion. Just to be very clear, for all other KPIs, we do not project a material impact from FX based on the rates we have currently for the remainder of 2023 and beyond. Before I close, please also note that we recently entered into a renewable energy certificate agreement which secures long-term access to sustainable energy for our Crop Science Soda Springs site in the U.S. This contract includes an embedded derivative, which we will start measuring at fair value from quarter two onwards. With that, let me hand it back to Oliver to start off our Q&A. Great. Thank you very much, Werner, for your overview. Before we begin, I would like to remind you to keep your questions to about two per person so that we are able to take as many questions from as many participants in the allotted time. In order to ensure good audio quality as always, we kindly ask you to use a speaker or a landline instead of a headset or a cell phone. With that, Natalie, I think we can open up the line for questions. Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, at this time, we will begin the question and answer session. If you have a question, please press star followed by one on your telephone. If you wish to cancel your question, please press star followed by two. If you're using speaker equipment today, please lift the handset before making your selections. One moment for the first question, please. Our first question is on the line of Michael Leuchten from UBS. Please go ahead. Thank you. Two questions, please. One on pharma. You made it very clear that January in particular was very weak, but I presume you knew that when you set the guidance back in February. Now, the margin of 25% in the first quarter is quite a steep curve to get to your target for the full year, especially with the phasing that you reiterated with H1 being significantly below H2. I was wondering if you could give us some color on what the dynamics are that allow you to get to your above 29% from the 25% margin in Q1. A question for Rodrigo. Volume in Q1 was down quite meaningfully, yet you're making it very clear that the underlying performance is good and that you're very confident in an even better performance of 10% underlying for the full year from 8% previously. Can you talk to phasing? Can you talk to sort of buying behavior? What have you seen in March relatives to February, maybe in buying behavior, particularly in the crop protection side, that gives us a bit of color on why you think we're gonna see that improved momentum also on the volume side coming out of that soft spot in Q1? Thank you. Thank you, Michael. Stefan first. There you go. Hi. Hi, Michael. Stefan here. Thanks for the question. Obviously, what we expect is a gradual improvement, sequential improvement over the quarter on the top line, that obviously then also improves margins. Please note that if because we talked so much about China, that first quarter was a little bit of a perfect storm there, with basically January, we're not having any significant business at all, plus VBP Adalat kicking in. Some of these effects improve over the year. Actually, we should be back into growing territory in China in the fourth quarter. When we look at the remainder of the business, we've been facing some, yeah, and continue to face some headwinds on Xarelto across the board. I guess that's the new normal for us. We're compensating very nicely with our with our launches. We see gradual improvement across the quarters, but we also need to do a continued tight cost management because this is obviously not an easy one to climb. Rodrigo? Yeah. Thank you for your question. As you reinforce, right, we are guiding for 10% growth in our core business, and we saw a 8% growth in our first quarter, mainly driven by price and your question on volume. There are three or four elements that I wanna highlight on the volume and why we're confident that we're gonna see that. Let me start with the important one, our fungicide business. When you think about the last quarter of last year and the beginning of this year, we had some supply constraints. The good news is that we're gonna be back on track on the supply for the remaining of the year. This is good because mainly market for us is in Latam, where we have the Q3 and Q4 that we're expecting to supply a good volume of fungicide on a growing market. That's a first element. The second element of the volume specifically is that this year you see a little bit of a shift from Q1 to a later stage of the year of the farmers' behavior, and we saw a little bit of that in the market. We're gonna see more of the volume. A good example of that, the glyphosate, we're gonna see higher volumes in the end of the year as well because of that behavior. Finally, there is an element of volume specifically on the first quarter that is the Ukraine situation, right? Unfortunately, because of the war, you're gonna see a reduction on area in corn in Ukraine that also had an impact. Again, when I look to the core business, we had very significant growth in corn seeds and trades, in insecticides. The fungicides is what I said will be mainly in the Q3 and Q4, and special impact in Latam. Also, we're gonna see a little bit of higher volume on glyphosate in the end of the year. Thank you for your question. Thanks, Rodrigo. The next question is from the line of Richard Vosser from JPMorgan. Please go ahead. Hi. Thanks for taking my questions. First question, just coming back to glyphosate pricing. How should we think about the benefits that you gained on glyphosate pricing in 2021 reversing potentially over the next 12 to 18 months? You know, if you look at the current generic glyphosate pricing, that's a sort of first half 2021 level. I get that you're at EUR 2 billion now. That's the reversing of 2022, how should we think about those benefits in 2021 over the next 12 to 18 months? Second question, just I wondered if you could help us a little bit more on the dynamics of FX and why there's an increasing headwind on the top line, but no appreciable headwind on EBITDA and core EPS. Sort of linked to that, if possible, just if you could give us an idea of the reported margin guidance by division, that would be really helpful. I think the margin guidance is CER, some idea of the reported margin guidance would be useful. Thanks very much. All right. You wanna start, Rodrigo, with glyphosate? Sure. Yeah, let me address the glyphosate question. With the adjustment that we just did right now on the guidance, we're basically recognizing the price as early of 2021 as you refer, not at, as the second half of 2021 that we are starting to see a little bit of a higher price. We basically adjust all the positive impact of pricing that we had in 2022. Now we have adjusted that on this guidance. Basically, with the EUR 1.7 million adjustment that we just announced, there is a composition of pricing with a higher volume. Just to give you a little bit of sense. We feel that with that adjustment that we did, we are reflecting what is the more close to a historical pricing of glyphosate, and we feel that is the right place to be right now. Thank you. All right, Richard. Let me briefly cover FX. I reconfirm what I said earlier, that is, that in top line, do have, that EUR 1.7 billion negative. And in bottom line, compared to what we gave you, it's neutral. That's a little bit counterintuitive, and the reason for that is that if we give you prior year FX, we also always include the prior year hedging, that we experience on an as-if basis. That was -EUR 500 million last year. That's being backed out and then offset by the negative FX that we really have on the bottom line this year, which means that the numbers that you have with the range, with the lower range, is what you would see, for 2023 and also going forward. There is no further erosion that would come from FX effects at current rates into the numbers, neither for 23 nor beyond, to be very clear on that. In terms of margin guidance, you know, just, let's say, back of the envelope, you should assume no material change to the margin guidance for the full year. You know, there may be, let's say, a few tenths of% margins up and down, you know, with the divisions, but there's no material change to the margin guidance given. Thanks very much. Super helpful. Thank you, Richard. The next question is from the line of James Quigley from Morgan Stanley. Please go ahead. Thank you for taking my questions. I've got two, please. The first one is on the Crop Science business and the incremental cost savings. Can you give us an idea of where these are going to come from, you know, ideally per line item? To what extent there could be some more cost savings in the tank. How lean is the organization now and where could it be, given that these sort of seem to come out of nowhere almost to rescue the margin? The second question is on a product question in pharma. This is the second quarter in a row we've seen Kogenate or Kovaltry hemophilia portfolio decline. Altuviiio from Sanofi is launching. What are your views on the potential risks for the hemophilia franchise? Have you seen any impact? I think it's very early days, but have you seen any impact so far in the launch to that portfolio? Thank you. Let me start with the savings in Crop Science that you mentioned. We continue to implement what we call our Transform to Win, right? One of the things that we did last year, and we announced some savings last year, and we are having more savings this year, is how we drive efficiency in the entire organization, how we trade off some of the resources that we had. This continued very much in this year. Plus, we add up to some of contingent savings to make sure that we compensate some of the downsides that we saw on the glyphosate. In terms of travel expenses, flexible expenses, how we optimize some of the work that we are doing using a lot of the tools that we are using today on virtual meetings and so on. The total savings that we were projecting is EUR 500 million and is a composition of all of that. Transform to Win initiatives, gaining efficiency on the organization, some really OpEx savings with travel reductions that we have, some other tools that we have on the plan. All in all, it's all actions that we're putting in place to help us with the year as we guide for the year as well. Stefan? Yeah. Hi, James. You were really hard to hear. What I heard you ask was the sequential development of our hemophilia business. I hope that was the right question. Can you quickly confirm? It's the sequential development of the hemophilia business and the potential competition impact from BIVV001, Altuviiio from Sanofi. What we do anticipate. First of all, when you look at our first quarter, we're comparing against the really good quarter last year. Last year we had about 8% growth in the first quarter for hemophilia. Since, you know, we've had our Kogenate Kovaltry switch in the U.S. happening, that's obviously t here is some loss as we switch patients over, but more or less in line with what we had expected. You can expect a similar continuation of this business over the remainder of the year, quarter by quarter. It is an expression of the increased competition, yes. It's not just Sanofi. It's also other products, like from Roche, for example, that continue to have a strong impact on our business here. Nothing really surprising for us. Great. Thank you. The next question is from the line of Christian Faitz from Kepler Cheuvreux. Please go ahead. Yes, thank you. Good afternoon, everybody. Two questions, please. First of all, I want to come back to Michael's question to the Crop Science volumes and in particular chemicals. Can you give us an assessment how much of the volume decline was weather related, i.e., delay into Q2 as we had in both key regions of the Northern Hemisphere, a significant delay of application? Then second, question for Werner, with his CFO hat on, your interest expense was considerably lower both year-on-year but also sequentially. How did you manage that in a rising interest rate environment and also with your debt position, particularly on the shorter term side, having gone up at least per quarter? That's it from my side. All the best for Wolfgang, by the way. Obviously, Werner, all the best for you and your post-Bayer time. Christian, let me go here back on the volume and to provide a little bit of a more color to the volume that we discussed a little bit earlier. You have a good comment here about the weather, especially if you think about Argentina as an example, a very drought season that we have. That has a little bit of an impact in terms of the usage of crop protection there. This is probably Argentina is the drought that we didn't see, we didn't saw that in the last 60 years. You also had some drought, some weather elements here in U.S. that delay a little bit of the part of the U.S. in terms of the region of planting. That has an impact on the volume specifically of the flow of the first quarter. I mentioned also a little bit about the fungicide. Fungicide is a specific one for us because of the supply constraints, and we see that recover in the end of the year as well. Also, if you think a little bit about our supply also in glyphosate, we're gonna see some recovery as well when you compare quarters, the quarter, the Q4 versus last year as well. That's the little bit of the flow that you have. Again, I just use your question to reinforce that element, right? We saw this growth of the core business by 8% in the first quarter, and that's why we are confident of delivering the 10% for the full year, because you have elements of pricing that will help. I'll just give another example of pricing, which we launched the campaigns in Brazil right now. Last time that I was with you was about North America and Europe. We launched the prices in Brazil. Soybean as an example with our Intacta 2 Xtend expansion. We are at mid-teens pricing increase. On the summer corn price in Brazil right now as well, we have a low double-digit price increase. Summing up with the volumes that I just mentioned gives us the confidence for the full year of our 10% or double-digit growth on the core business. That's a little bit of a very important element that we discussed a lot with you on the last earnings as well. Thank you. Werner? Okay, thanks. All right. Yeah. Thanks, thanks, Rodrigo. Well, thanks, Christian, also for the good wishes. Let me touch on, you know, the current financial result, and I'll also give you a little bit of a glimpse of what's coming. I think that's also helpful in that context. First of all, we actually, you know, took on additional liquidity last year at very, very low interest rates in order to provide for, let's say, some liquidity cushion with the Ukraine conflict starting. That is actually yielding a net positive interest rate result for us with low cost on one side and higher yields that we get out of, you know, that liquidity right now that is invested. Secondly, we also had support from some positive fair value changes in our financial assets, yeah? That explains the positive financial result for the quarter. Secondly, going forward, what should you expect from rising interest rates? Net of the debt reduction we expect through the end of 2024, there's about EUR 7 billion that we have to refinance, yeah? On a full year basis, 200 additional basis points would be somewhere in the area of EUR 140 million of incremental cost offset by a reduction of EUR 100 million interest with the EUR 3 billion that we are going to retire, yeah? That's by and large neutral. Since we are only refinancing some of the maturities that are going to come in later in 2023 and 2024, the first full year impact of anything would not be seen prior to 2025. The remainder of our existing, you know, financial debt is at fixed rates. Okay? No impact. Great. Okay. Thank you very much, Werner. Very helpful. Thank you, Christian. The next question is from the line of Kirsty Ross- Stewart from Citi. Please go ahead. Hi there. Yeah, Kirsty Ross here. Mm-hmm. On for Peter Verdult of C iti. Just two questions, please. First, could you just provide a bit of a preview ahead of the Pharma R&D Day in June, and in particular. If you're gonna be in a position to share any new clinical data from the cell and gene therapy programs you've got underway. Secondly, I know you mentioned strong patient recruitment in your prepared remarks regarding the OCEANIC program. Wondering if you can just provide a little bit more detail here, how quickly the trials are enrolling versus your expectations. If this is, you know, so far, what level of enrollment have you achieved? Thanks very much. All right. Hi, Pete. Thanks for the question. I hope you still come despite these questions, and you all come to our R&D day, so I shouldn't be telling you too much here. On our cell therapy trial in Parkinson's, we're planning to do the readout, unfortunately, in the second half of the year. We're putting together the data right now, and then we need to present it, and the right place to present it is not at an R&D day, but in the right context. That, unfortunately, I will not be able to give you, but you should not interpret anything bad coming from that. As to the OCEANIC trial in atrial fibrillation, we're recruiting ahead of schedule. I'm actually very pleased how fast we're recruiting this trial. You know, we had anticipated that we would have a primary completion of the trial in the second half of 2025. We're now running against the clock to beat that. That obviously would be great news. It's really progressing very nicely. Thank you. The next question is from the line of Sachin Jain from Bank of America. Please go ahead. Hi, it's Joe Bowden, Bank of America, just on for Sachin Jain. It's two questions on R&D, please, if I may. One, just wondered if you could give any color on phasing of R&D spend through the year, given it was cited as weighing down OneQ earnings. Secondly, just building on that, wondered if you have any sense of where R&D spend and the bill might go, given the substantial growth we've seen at Roche under his tenure. Thank you. Let me get started. We have in the first quarter about 20% R&D spend. The reason obviously for that is, you can dial up and down, when your sales in China go up, unforeseen, in an unforeseen way in a given quarter. As we expect to catch up on our sales guidance, that should also normalize throughout the quarters that our R&D spend, which is in the order of magnitude of 17% for the year. Second part of the question. In terms of where we are to go into the future, I think it's a little early to say, but I can tell you, and we've been saying this, I think, some time back at the Capital Markets Day, we obviously aim to become a much more specialty type player, which should create headroom by improving our profile on both cost of goods and on marketing and sales expenses, and that could be then partially either go to margin or to more innovation investments in the R&D line. That's at least the long-term outlook. The next question is from the line of Jo Walton from Credit Suisse. Please go ahead. Thank you. If I can ask a couple on pharma and one on ag. In terms of Eylea, can you give us a little bit more detail about where you're getting the growth from and the level of price decline that you've had? Presumably, the price decline is associated with things like generic Lucentis becoming available. Where are you getting the net new growth from as you haven't got the new indications through yet? On the ag side, I wonder if you could tell us a little bit more about if there's some sort of clearing event or what we should look out for to give us a better sense on how you're going to close out the longer term litigation on glyphosate. We understand that you're not paying out the short term money as much as you might because you're hoping that you might be able to get that reduced. A little bit more of when we could look for some clarity on that, please. Thank you. Hi, Jo. Thanks for the question. It's a mixed picture as always. If you look at this geographically, we're getting really nice numbers from out of Asia, across the board, including China here, because we're coming from a low base with Eylea. Latin America, Canada, very good. Europe, mixed picture, but mostly because of price decreases in the U.K. linked to VPAS. But on a broader level, we're obviously continuing to benefit from our leadership position in terms of new patients and new starts. And we believe we still have the gold standard in terms of data in this class and that shows in our results. That's for Eylea. Okay, on ag, innovation, glyphosate replacement, Rodrigo. I can mention a little bit about that. I'll pass as well if you wanna make any comment on the litigation, Werner, that she mentioned. On the innovation, we continue to develop new herbicide models, right? I think that. We just advanced it and we have trials this year with the new herbicide, what we call still ICA 679. We still don't have a commercial name for that. It's a new mode of action that the industry were not able to develop in the last 30 years. We are very excited about this new mode of action. We should be able to launch in the end of the decade. I think that will be an interesting new herbicide in the market, broad spectrum. Again, we don't foresee today that we'll replace glyphosate. We'll be complementing glyphosate, and I think that's an important. On the litigation, let me start and then Werner, you can talk a little bit about that as well. We are fully implementing our five-point plan. A very important element of that is the phase out of glyphosate out of the lawn and garden market in U.S., not for safety reasons, but just to deal with the litigation. That's a very important element. Of course, we are very proud about the fact that we have the six wins on court as well, and we are confident in our cases on that one. Werner, do you wanna do any comments on the litigation as well? Happy to do so and add a little bit. As Rodrigo just mentioned, out of nine cases that went to trial, we have won six to date. There's one going on, the so-called Gordon trial, that start in January, on June, on April 26th. That is, you know, evolving, you know, in line with our expectations. There's another one that was supposed to start the jury selection in Florida, actually this week on May 8th, that has been vacated indefinitely and postponed indefinitely, which is good news. You know, there's other activities going on in line with what we told you with our five-point plan. One of them is, of course, you know, trying to, you know, get, you know, one or another case to Supreme Court ruling. Carson is in front of the 11th Circuit, oral argument is scheduled for June. Then we would expect a decision out of that towards, you know, quarter four or quarter one 2024. Even though, you know, these dates are, let's say, fairly difficult to predict because there are no hard deadlines that the court would be working against. We have a few other routes to Supreme Court beyond the Carson case. Other than that, for, you know, the ongoing, litigation and the cases that are still, outstanding, we are in discussions with plaintiff lawyers, as you would expect. We are not going to settle for, you know, crazy amounts. On top of that, as you know, we do have a claims administration program, our own one, ready, to start, whenever we think, that would be the right thing to do. Last but not least, the website that we talked about, is up and running. The new formulation was already covered by Rodrigo. Other than that, yeah, just to point that out again, on the safety assessment, there hasn't been any new development that would put the safety and non-carcinogenicity of glyphosate in question in the last years. That is, let's say a strong base for us to continue to defend ourselves in this litigation and also make, you know, some progress here. Thank you. The next question is from the line of Andreas Heine from Stifel. Please go ahead. It's actually a question both on soybean and corn. In corn, you have seen very strong growth of +16%, soybean less only 1%. The soybean was phasing. Is it 16% in corn also phasing, so will it be much less, or does it reflect your gain you probably have? Because you said prices are probably 10%, so the 16% would speak for 6% volume growth. That's my question. Thank you, Andreas. Let me go there because let me use your question because I just wanna frame a little bit this one. I think that it's a great opportunity to reinforce a little bit of the message. During last year, this is I'm a little bit over one year on the position here. Last year, we had a lot of debate about growing the core business. Because of the growth of glyphosate, one of the key questions that I got from all of you was, like, how can we drive the growth of the core business in this year, right? I'm glad you made that question because this reinforced a little bit. Corn. Corn, we have different elements here. Pricing, I mentioned a little bit of the pricing that we have in North America and EMEA. I just gave another number here today about the low double-digit price increase that we are doing in the summer of Brazil, plus the volume. We have a volume growth in U.S. because of the recovery of acreage from last year. That's an important element that we need to see. Also with the launch that we have, like this Fox Xpro that was mentioned by Werner, with more than 1 million acres with the RNAi technology, this is helping us in terms of driving share globally of corn. We are very confident on that. There's an element of Q4 and Q1 that you said about volume that also impacts soybean, right? We had a good sales and delivering in Q4 of soybean, a little bit less in Q1 in North America. Also considering that the area, the acreage in U.S. will be flat in soybean. We have higher volumes in Brazil, reconfirming the performance of soybean in Latin America as well. That will be very helpful. And we are seeing, as I mentioned to you, some price increases of mid-teens for Intacta 2 Xtend in Brazil that is expanding right now. That's those elements that you mentioned about corn and soybean just helped me to confirm that all the innovation engine that we have and the new launches that we're bringing to the market and a little bit like, even we have more to come, right? I just mentioned this year as well. Werner gave you the number. We have like 30,000 acres of trials with farmers with a short stature corn. We are excited to see this is the highest demand technology that we've been seeing in the last year. More to come in the next years. I'm very glad to see the performance of our core business reconfirming our engine and our leadership on the market. Thank you very much. Maybe expanding on this. What you see in the 16% in corn, that has nothing to do with the same thing or anything that is real growth we can expect for the north hemisphere in the first half as well. Well, it's a lot of that is pricing, right? As you mentioned, let me see if I got your reflection here right. A lot of that is pricing. We have a higher volume in North America because of the acreage increasing in corn U.S., but you have a volume decline in Ukraine because of the war. The war in Ukraine, probably this year we're gonna see a reduction on the area of corn there. When you wash that one, a higher volume in North America, lower volume in EMEA because of the war in Ukraine, the main impact that you saw on the Q1 specifically is mainly driven by pricing. Okay. Thanks a lot, Rodrigo. Thanks, Andreas. The next question is from the line of Laurent Favre from BNP. Please go ahead. Yes, good afternoon. My first question is for Rodrigo, and it's simple on glyphosate. In your updated budget, what kind of glyphosate EBITDA margin are you baking in compared to the divisional target of 25%? Is it well below? Is it broadly in line? That's the first question. Then for Stefan on margins, can you help us understand how far from the 29% you think you would be in Q2? I don't think I've heard you talk about contingency cost-cutting. Is this something that you're working on should the sales recovery disappoint? Thank you. Let me start, Laurent, on the glyphosate, right? Basically, glyphosate, since last year, and you know a little bit of that one, we benefit from the peak of price last year. This year, with this adjustment, we brought to early levels of 21, as I mentioned before. As you know, glyphosate is not a high margin product, it's a more commodity market. We know how to operate like that business because we are very lean. We have very few people managing glyphosate. We don't have a lot of programs on that one, and we keep that. We keep always like that. We don't change that because of we have a high turn. It's a lower margin. What reinforced a little bit of the core margin that we have. When you think about the guidance that we're saying here, 25%, it is still very higher than any of our competitors, right? We are leading in the industry in terms of the margin, and I think that's a very important element. We closed very, very much higher than the competitors last year. We see the same for this year. Also in terms of cash flow is another element that we see a great performance comparing to the market. I would say that glyphosate normally on the normal conditions is a low margin business, and we know how to manage that to manage taking the opportunities that we have on the high years like we had last year, and also to manage with a very lean organization, cost effective to deal with this year that we have right now. I just wanna use your question to reinforce one point. We of course, 60% of glyphosate is supplied by China. We don't control prices in the market. We're just reflecting here. This is the best estimate that we have today. We're gonna continue watching and reacting. We are not considering that Chinese will sell below cost. It's important to say that we have that management of glyphosate, as I mentioned to you. Let me go. Thanks, Laurent. As I said, we are looking at sequential improvement quarter by quarter. Don't expect us to jump over the 30% in the second quarter. When I say sequential, it's sequential, and it should carry improvement, especially in the second half when we see some of the effects, the negative effects on the top line wash out. That's where we stand. Thank you. About the cost-cutting, the contingency planning? I didn't catch that. Planning cost saving. Our cost saving. Well, the truth is, anything that's not customer facing, we're managing with a tight grip anyway. So, and, of course, I keep reminding my organization to do that, and we keep looking for that. If you understand that by cost contingencies, then yes, but that's our typical modus operandi. Yeah, Laurent, maybe I can complement it also with the perspective on the entire company. We are planning for roughly EUR 700 million-EUR 800 million in cost savings and efficiency programs this year. That's up by about, you know, EUR 200 million compared to the EUR 500 million-EUR 600 million that we gave as part of full year guidance in February. Okay? Yeah. Right. Okay. Thank you. Thank you. I think, Natalie, we have time for two more. Thank you. The next question is from a line of Sebastian Bray from Berenberg. Please go ahead. Hello, good afternoon. Thank you for taking my questions. I have two, please, both on agriculture. The first is just an update on number of cases. Werner, I believe you've mentioned the last time a number was given that roughly 150,000 glyphosate cases have been filed. Are we still at the stage where that's the right number and of that, roughly 110,000 have been settled? That's my first question. The second one is just a question on soybean. I noticed that the statements around Bayer defending a leading market position in North American soybean haven't been reproduced as they were in 2022. Does Bayer still expect to be the number one in this market by the end of 2023? Thank you. Let me start with the first question before Rodrigo then addresses your second one. We have about 109,000 of an overall 154,000 settled. In terms of speed of settlement, that's a function of plaintiff lawyers, you know, being reasonable with their requests. We are not in a hurry here to, you know, pay premium dollars to, let's say, mediocre inventories of cases. That's where we are. Yeah. This will only make progress to the extent that we find it reasonable and economically sensible and meaningful. Otherwise, we are not going to settle cases. So on soybean- Rodrigo. Yeah, soybean, Sebastian. Thank you on that one. If you look to the closing of last year, as you mentioned, we were with a EUR 2.5 billion soybean business, the largest business in soybean. Our second competitor is below EUR 2 billion. We are still leading soybean globally for sure, with a clear advantage in Latam, the important market for us, well, with the launch of Intacta 2 Xtend expanding for the penetration that we have with Intacta. We are just preparing the launch of Intacta 3 and Intacta 4 for the next, the third and the fourth generation to come. In U.S., we have a more equilibrium market with expanding the competitor platform. We are still the number one platform for the farmers. We see a lot of the term. Clearly, what happened in the last years, Corteva was using Xtend, now they are using Enlist, so they're shifting their own portfolio from one platform to another one. We see more an equilibrium market in U.S., and we are still leading that market, and we continue to see that in the next years as well with the new launches. I mentioned the launches in Latin America. Let me reinforce that in the coming years, we're gonna launch ATT 4 in U.S. That is a really compelling platform for the farmers, with five mode of actions in terms of weed control that we believe that will be a very interesting technology for the farmers with a lot of flexibility. Thank you for your question as well, Sebastian. That's helpful. Thank you, and all the best, Werner. Our last question is from the line of Vincent Andrews from Morgan Stanley. Please go ahead. Thank you for taking my question. Rodrigo, I was just wondering if you can put into context the current generic glyphosate price out there that you're pricing above? How much margin do you think that's still providing for the Chinese or the generic producer? I'm just trying to get at your confidence that the pricing assumptions that you have baked into the back half of the year don't have any negative wiggle room on them if competition heats up or volume is weak for weather reasons or whatever else. Vincent, that's a hard question. We do some assessment of cost for China. We monitor a little bit of that, this public information about pricing, exports, and so on. It's hard. We consider that current prices today gives a very low margin for gene-generics, that's why I mentioned we are not foreseeing that they will go below. Well, this is again, we don't control, we don't see foreseeing that they will go below cost in the coming months or so. Again, very hard question to answer to you. What I feel is that we are at the levels, as you know, at the earliest, 2021. I think that considering the current inflation and cost, this is what we consider a low margin for the generics in China. That's why we adjust what we did on the guidance here. We're gonna continue watching that, Vincent. It's very hard to predict what China will do. We are watching very close. We are adjusting our premium prices to the generics, as you know. We are competing on the right market. We remain with the same strategy on lean, fast, agile, and glyphosate, reacting where we need. Hopefully, this will help us to steer the year for end of the year and a little bit of the volume plans that we have also for Latam. Very hard answer to your question, Vincent, but, we believe that is a little bit of what I can share with you today. Okay. Thanks very much. I appreciate the answer and look forward to seeing everybody next month. Thank you very much, Vincent. Hope that all of you can make for the June 20 in New York. Will be really nice to give you a little bit of our view of the 10-year plans that we have for our innovation, our pipeline. We are excited to share some more information with you on that event. In the interest of time, we have to stop the Q&A session, and I hand back to Oliver Maier for closing comments. Great. Thank you, Natalie, and thank you all for your time and attention today. Greatly appreciate it. Nevertheless, I have a very special closing remark today because, obviously, you might all know, Werner, this is your last quarterly conference call today. I would like to thank you also on behalf of all the Bayer colleagues here, for your experience, for your support, and for your leadership, in the years that we've worked together. Thank you very much, and we wish you all the very best for any future endeavor. Thank you so much. Thank you. All the best to all on the call. Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes the first quarter 2023 investor and analyst call of Bayer AG. Thank you for participating. You may now disconnect.