Welcome to the Novozymes Q4 conference call. Throughout the call, all participants will be in listen-only mode, so there's no need to mute your own individual lines. Afterwards, there'll be a question and answer session. Today, I'm pleased to present Tobias Cornelius Björklund, Head of Investor Relations. Please begin your meeting. Thank you, operator. Welcome everyone to Novozymes full year 2021 conference call. My name is Tobias Björklund, and I'm the Head of Investor Relations here at Novozymes as mentioned. At this call, our CEO, Ester Baiget, and our CFO, Lars Green, will go through our performance and key events of 2021, as well as the outlook for 2022. Also present at this call are Tina Sejersgård Fanø, EVP Agriculture & Industrial Biosolutions, Amy Byrick, EVP Strategy and Business Transformation, Anders Lund, EVP Consumer Biosolutions, and also Claus Fuglsang, CSO & EVP, Research and Development. The entire call will take about 50 minutes, including time for questions at the end. Before we begin, I would like to remind you that the information presented during the call is unaudited and that management may make forward-looking statements. These statements are based on current expectations and beliefs and involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in any forward-looking statement. With that, I now hand over to our CEO, Ester Baiget. Ester, please. Thank you, Tobias. Excuse me. Thank you all for calling in. Please turn to slide number two. I'm very pleased with our performance in 2021. We delivered a strong sales, earnings, and non-financial numbers and advanced our business in accordance with our refreshed strategy, Unlocking Growth – Powered by Biotech that we launched last September. Organic sales grew 6%, benefiting from our diversified portfolio. Performance was particularly strong in Food, Beverages & Human Health, in Bioenergy, and in Grain & Tech Processing. All three business areas delivered strong double-digit growth. Household Care declined slightly, and Agriculture, Animal Health & Nutrition was flat. When both business areas were soft, they were roughly in line with our latest expectations for the full year. Over the past couple of years, we have invested in our commercial activities, especially in emerging markets, and it's very, very encouraging to see the sales here growing by an impressive 18%. Sales in the developed markets also grew, although at a more moderate rate. Sustainability, it's part of our DNA here at Novozymes, and I'm very pleased to say that we are on track to meet 12 of our 13 non-financial targets. While the targets are for 2022, we actually exceeded several of them already in 2021. The benefits to the world from the use of our products are something we are all very proud of, and we embrace the responsibility to be at the forefront of the movement for a healthier planet as a company with a strong purpose. We are committed to support the transition towards a climate neutral society. In 2021, 77% of our revenue was generated from products that contribute to lowering CO2 emissions by reducing the use of fossil-based resources and by reducing waste. Another key to achieve a more sustainable world is to transform food systems. In 2021, 35% of our revenue came from products enabling our food production systems to produce more food from less and improve nutrition and quality. Additionally, we strongly committed to enabling healthier lives, and 5% of our full year revenue came from products that enable a better health for people around the world. From an innovation perspective, 2021 was another strong year with the launch of market-leading products such as Pristine, which is the broad market freshener solution, and ProAct 360, which improves digestibility of proteins for animals. In total, we launched 14 products during 2021, including six in the fourth quarter alone. This is much in line with previous years. Turning to our financials, we delivered a strong EBIT margin and ROIC including goodwill, as well as a strong free cash flow while reinvesting significantly in commercial activities, making several acquisitions and increasingly experiencing the headwinds from higher input costs towards the end of the year. Executing on our strategy has been our number one priority in 2021. After acquiring Microbiome Labs and the Biota Technology asset in the first quarter, we took another important step to advance our BioHealth business in the fourth quarter with acquisition of Synergia Life Sciences. Synergia is a leading developer and manufacturer of spore probiotics and natural vitamin K2-7, and it will play a key role for us in expanding our position in Human Health and also in functional foods. Also, in the fourth quarter, we enter into a very exciting collaboration with Saipem on enzymatic carbon capture and continue the construction of the new state-of-the-art production for advanced protein solutions in Blair, Nebraska in the U.S. The steps we have taken during the last couple of years sets us up to deliver another good year in 2022, and we expect to be off to a good start for the year. In 2022, we expect sales to grow by 3%-7% organically. With growth across all business areas, sales in Danish kroner is expected to be around 3% points higher. The EBIT margin is expected at a solid 25%-26%, despite significant pressure from higher input costs. We expect ROIC, including goodwill, to end between 16% and 17%, while the free cash flow before acquisitions is expected between DKK 1.7 billion- DKK 2.1 billion, including a significant uptick in CapEx, mainly driven by the new production line in Blair. With that overview, let's now look at each of the five business areas in more detail, and starting with Household Care. Could you please turn to slide three? Thank you. Household Care declined by 1% organically in 2021. The soft full-year performance came against a strong performance in 2020. Emerging markets performed well, supported by investments to expand our commercial footprint and tailor solutions, resulting in an increased enzymatic penetration. Our sales in developed markets declined as European consumer demand was significantly lower than expected. Performance further worsened in the second half of the year, where also two mid-sized private label players went out of businesses. The freshness technology performed well and in line with expectations. It was made available across multiple countries in Europe, and the broad market solution was successfully launched in the third quarter. Sales in the fourth quarter declined 3% organically. Similar to the full-year performance, emerging markets performed well, while Europe in particular continued to decline for the same reasons as mentioned for the full year. While the 1% decline in 2021 was not satisfactory, an average annual growth rate of 2% over the past two years is a meaningful step in the right direction. Looking ahead, we expect sales in Household Care to grow by 2%-4% in 2022. Growth is expected to be driven by increased market penetration in emerging markets by freshness, as well as in the non-laundry areas of professional and medical cleaning and in dishwash. As mentioned, we launched the broad market version of freshness technology in 2021. This was a significant milestone, and freshness is expected to increasingly contribute to growth as the year progress, as well as in the years to come. Could you please turn to slide four? Thank you. Our Food, Beverages & Human Health businesses had an excellent year, and the team has done a terrific job in executing on the strategic direction while also capitalizing on the supportive market conditions. Sales grew 14% organically in 2021, with all three main categories growing by double digits. Growth in Food was mainly driven by market penetration, and demand was particularly strong for health-focused solutions such as acrylamide reduction in baking, sugar reduction in dairy, and solutions for plant-based protein extraction. In addition, baking benefited to some extent from raw material optimization and ingredient substitution. Beverages performed well and outgrew the underlying market while also benefiting from a recovery in global beer volumes. Growth in Human Health was very strong and driven by cross-selling and geographical expansion. In the fourth quarter, sales grew 13% organically. The performance was led by Food. Beverages grew slightly and was somehow impacted by the stocking, whereas Human Health performed well and according to the expectations. In the fourth quarter, we strengthened and accelerated our BioHealth business by acquiring a majority stake in Synergia Life Sciences, and as I've already mentioned. Let me now turn to the outlook. In 2022, we expect organic sales in Food, Beverages & Human Health to grow by high single-digit%, with all sub areas contributing to growth. Growth in Food will be driven by market penetration, supported by health-focused solutions and raw material optimization in ingredient substitution. For beverages, we expect growth on top of the double-digit growth in 2021. For Human Health, we expect continued solid double-digit growth driven by innovation, cross-selling, and regional expansion. Please turn to slide number five. Thank you. Full-year sales in Bioenergy grew 11% organically. The strong performance was driven by the recovery of U.S. ethanol production, growth from innovation, capacity expansion of corn-based ethanol production in Latin America, and market penetration with enzymatic solutions for biodiesel production. Putting the U.S. development a bit into context, it's important to remember that U.S. gasoline demand and ethanol production was severely disrupted during 2020. U.S. ethanol production rates gradually recovered during 2021, but still remain lower than the 2019 pre-COVID level. Organic sales in the fourth quarter grew 10%, driven by the same factors as already mentioned for the full year performance. Additionally, sales benefit from growth market conditions for ethanol producers with some of the biggest crush margins in almost a decade. For 2022, we expect sales to grow by low- to mid-single digits. As in 2021, growth continues to be driven by the recovery of U.S. ethanol production, innovation capacity expansion in Latin America, as well as market penetration in biodiesel. As a final note, the past two years have been unusually volatile for the ethanol industry, and uncertainties related to the pandemic and volatile market conditions are still present. This is also why Bioenergy covers a relatively broad growth range. Please turn to slide six. Thank you. Grain & Tech Processing sales grew 13% organically in 2021. Sales in both Grain & Tech grew by double digits with strong performance across sub areas. The growth in Grain was led by market penetration with solutions for vegetable oil processing, innovation in starch, particularly in grain milling, as well as an increased end market demand for starch-derived products, especially in emerging markets. Tech grew primarily due to the recovering sales in textile following the negative COVID-19 impact in 2020. Good performance in areas such as pulp and paper, leather, and diagnostic enzymes for the pharmaceutical industry. They also contributed to the full year performance. Fourth quarter sales grew by 15% organically. The performance was also broad-based in the quarter, with the growth being fueled by innovation and high-end market demand in starch-derived product, market penetration in vegetable oil processing, and sales of diagnostic enzymes for pharma. Looking at 2022, the development is expected to be more moderate compared to 2021, and thus we expect the sales performance to range from flat to low single-digit growth. Growth will be led by continued market penetration in vegetable oil processing and from innovation in starch, such as for grain milling. Similar to the situation in Bioenergy, the relatively large uncertainty related to the pandemic and the volatile market conditions are affecting the way we see prospects for Grain & Tech Processing. Hence, we have applied a relatively broad sales range for this business area as well. Could you please turn to slide 7? Organic sales in Agriculture, Animal Health & Nutrition ended the year flat, despite a negative base effect from DKK 60 million one-off in Q2 2020 related to the former BioAg setup. Sales in Animal Health & Nutrition grew primarily from increased market penetration, driven by innovations such as Balancius and ProAct 360. Sales in Agriculture declined due to the aforementioned base effect and it increased if adjusted for it. The adjusted performance was driven by market penetration, led by Latin America. Q4 sales grew 7% organically. Growth was the strongest in Animal Health & Nutrition, with increased demand for both protein and health solutions. Sales in Agriculture also grew, driven by higher demand for BioYield solutions. In 2022, we expect organic sales in Agriculture, Animal Health & Nutrition to grow in the high single digits to low teens. Growth will be led by Agriculture, which is expected to grow at double-digit rate. Good market conditions and beneficial sustainability pull is expected to benefit a higher usage of inoculants. This, combined with innovation and a refined go-to-market model, will enable increased market penetration of both BioYield and BioControl solutions. Animal Health & Nutrition sales are also expected to grow, fueled mainly by innovation, end market-driven volume growth, supported by favorable market conditions. With that, I'll hand over to Lars for a review of the financials. Lars, please. Thank you, Ester. Let me start by reviewing the performance of our sustainability and non-financial targets. Please turn to slide number eight. With our refreshed strategy, Unlocking Growth - Powered by Biotech, we made new long-term commitments to accelerate towards a climate-neutral society, transform food systems, and enable healthier lives. We also significantly raised the bar by including Scope 3 emissions in addition to Scope 1 and 2 in our CO2 savings target for 2030. The 2022 non-financial targets from 2019 are still valid and serve as milestones on our long-term journey. It's encouraging to see that we are on track to meet 12 out of the 13 targets we defined back in 2019. As the non-financial targets are coming to an end here in 2022, we are also committing to communicate the progress and milestones we have towards our long-term targets for 2030 and 2050. You'll hear more about this during the year. Now please turn to slide nine for a review of our financial performance. The performance in 2021 was highly satisfactory, meeting or exceeding all targets as set out at the beginning of the year. In addition, we successfully integrated two companies, acquired a third, and launched our strategy, Unlocking Growth – Powered by Biotech. Sales grew 6% organically and 7% in reported Danish kroner, and included a 2% point contribution from M&A and roughly a 1% point headwind from currencies. Sales in the fourth quarter grew 7% organically and 11% in Danish kroner. The gross margin was strong at 57.7%, 170 basis points higher than the gross margin in 2020. While many companies experienced the impact from higher input costs already in 2021, Novozymes' unique productivity improvements and production excellence, including our leverage, allows for some alleviation of such changes in input costs. However, we are not immune to the significantly higher input costs, and we started to see a growing impact in the fourth quarter when the gross margin came in at 56.1%. This was 60 basis points above the fourth quarter of 2020, but around 200 basis points lower than for the first nine months of 2021. We saw the same beneficial operational factors throughout the year, with the addition of a supportive price mix and M&A contribution. The fourth quarter year-on-year gross margin development was driven by the same factors as for the full year, with input costs becoming a stronger headwind in the quarter. The EBIT margin was solid at 26.8%, in line with expectations and 70 basis points higher than in 2020. Higher operating costs were more than offset by higher gross profit and an increase in other operating income. As implied by the 27% full year outlook, the fourth quarter EBIT margin was expected to be soft, and the year-on-year decline was primarily due to increased operating costs, which offset the improved gross margin. The fourth quarter increase in operating costs was as expected, mainly due to higher sales and distribution spend, one-off transaction costs, and the recognition of acquisitions. Currencies provided a slight headwind for the full year, but were marginally supportive in the fourth quarter. When adjusting for one-offs, the underlying full year EBIT margin for 2021 was around 27% and roughly on par with the underlying EBIT margin for 2020. Further, when comparing year-on-year margins, 2021 included close to a 1% point headwind from M&A and currencies compared to 2020. In the fourth quarter, the underlying EBIT margin, when adjusted for both the transaction costs related to the acquisition of Synergia Life Sciences and the sale of a non-core building in Switzerland, was around 22% compared to the 21% reported. Additionally, the fourth quarter included higher operational costs as expected and included in the outlook of around 27% for the full year. Net investments totaled DKK 1.1 billion, somewhat below expectations, mainly due to timing in the fourth quarter. Free cash flow before acquisitions was solid at DKK 2.9 billion. Working capital changes and increased net investments offset higher net profit and improved earnings quality. The lower year-on-year cash flow was much as expected following the 2020 buyback one-off and the previously highlighted timing effects that had a positive effect on working capital in 2020. The fourth quarter free cash flow was DKK 200 million and roughly in line with expectations following higher net working capital as well as higher investments. Return on invested capital, including goodwill, was 19.3% in 2021. This was 40 basis points higher than in 2020. The improvement in ROIC was due to the higher net operating profit after tax, which more than offset an increase in average invested capital following the three acquisitions. Please turn to slide 10 for the 2022 outlook. We continue to invest and position ourselves to unlock Novozymes' true sustainable long-term growth potential. Organic sales are expected to grow by 3%-7% in 2022, and sales in Danish krone are expected to be around 3% points higher, including roughly 1% point from the acquisition of Synergia. The indicated ranges per business area are broader for the agricultural exposed areas, catering for higher implied end market volatility. The full year indications per business area are in line with the overall 2025 targets presented at our recent Capital Markets Day. Seen over the year, we expect performance to be off to a good start in 2022. The EBIT margin outlook for 2022 is between 25%-26%, including an expectation of a slight year-on-year benefit from currencies. The margin will benefit from operational leverage, productivity improvements, as well as targeted price increases. This is expected to be more than offset by significantly higher input costs and continued investments in the business. Included in the outlook, the gross margin is assumed to decline by 1.5%-2% points in 2022 compared to the previous year. We are making a dedicated effort to pass on higher input costs, and while we expect this to have a net neutral impact on our year-on-year sales growth, the effort is expected to be supportive to the gross margin and is included in the outlook. The free cash flow before acquisitions is expected at DKK 1.7 billion-DKK 2.1 billion, including a significant step up in net investments to support our growth opportunities. Net investments are expected at between DKK 2.5 billion and DKK 2.8 billion. The increase in net investments reflects maintenance, expansion, and optimization CapEx, as well as investments to support our ambitions in the food and health-related areas. The amount we expect for net investments in 2022 includes roughly DKK 1 billion related to the advanced specialty protein facility in Blair. When adjusting for the protein investment, net investments add up to around 10% CapEx to sales ratio, which is in line with what we communicated at our Capital Markets Day. The outlook for the return on invested capital, including goodwill, is for 16%-17%. Subject to approval at the annual shareholders meeting in March, the dividend is proposed at five and a half DKK per share, up by 5% from the year before, and corresponding to a payout ratio of 48.5%. In addition, a share buyback program of up to DKK 500 million has been approved for 2022. This is in line with our capital structure policy to return the free cash flow generated to shareholders through a combination of dividends and share buybacks at a net debt to EBITDA ratio of around 1. With this, I'll now hand back to Ester for a wrap-up before we open up for questions. Ester, please. Thank you. Thank you, Lars. Please turn to slide 11. Thank you. I'm very pleased with the strong set of both financial and non-financial results that we have delivered in 2021. We grew our sales 6% organically with double-digit growth in three of five business areas. We delivered solid earnings and cash flow while still reinvesting significantly in the business, and we are on track to meet 12 out of the 13th of our non-financial targets. We expect the strong performance from 2021 to continue in 2022, and we're guiding for a 3%-7% organic sales growth with a solid EBIT margin that comes despite higher input costs. Both ROIC and cash flow are impacted by high investments to secure growth of the business. Our relatively broad range for sales growth allows us to navigate through continued uncertainty related to the pandemic and volatile market conditions, similar to the way we position our outlook for 2021. At the beginning of 2021, we outlined four progress areas to allow you to follow our strategy execution from a different angle. One of them was to engage in at least three large commercial R&D collaborations. This goal was achieved with a collaboration with Saipem, with a key player in the plant-based industry and with FMC in agriculture. The second progress area focused on commercializing innovation. This goal was also accomplished as more than 30% of our sales were from solutions launched during the last five years. Thirdly, we wanted to reach more customers and aim to generate at least 50% of our sales leads digitally. This goal was achieved as more than 60% of our new leads were generated digitally. Finally, we want to be a strong voice on the world stage for the ever-increasing need of sustainable solutions. We wanted to take part in at least three global events linked to sustainability, and by participating at the World Economic Forum, the UN Global Compact Leaders, and the COP26 in Glasgow, we also reach our target for this key progress area. Executing on our strategy remains a top priority here in 2022, and key progress areas for us are achieving key milestones in the construction of the new production line for advanced protein solutions in Blair, Nebraska, leverage the recent acquisitions and deliver double-digit growth in Human Health, continue to strengthen our commercial setup, also by initiating investments in the first customer co-creation center. Finally, we will secure that we keep diligent focus on prioritizing in our core business, making sure we deliver on our short, as long as our long-term commitments. Novozymes is in a unique position to drive change towards a healthier planet. As a company, we have a responsibility to make this happen. We have built an even stronger foundation over the past two years, and with our 60-year legacy in understanding biotechnology, we are committing to grow our business sustainably, making a lasting difference to the world and to all our stakeholders. With this world, these words please, let's now begin the Q&A session. Operator, please begin. Thank you. If you wish to ask a question, please dial zero one on your telephone keypad now to enter the queue. Once your name has been announced, you can ask your question. If you find it's answered before it's your turn to speak, you can dial zero two to cancel. Our first question comes from the line of Gunther Zechmann of Bernstein. Please go ahead. Your line is open. Hi, good morning, everyone. A few questions from my side. The first one is on a comment that you have in your release around the ROIC, where you say that you expect NOPAT in 2022 to be lower, and that explains the lower ROIC guidance. Can I just confirm that? Because if I take the midpoint of your organic growth guidance, put the Danish kroner guidance on top and an average margin, even at the higher tax rate of 22% in 2022, I get to about a flat NOPAT. I'd like to understand why you have as an assumption there that you have a lower NOPAT in 2022. There's the second one. I was intrigued by your comments on pricing to pass on the higher raw material costs. Can you give us some guidance on what you've already seen in the field and what you're expecting to see in 2022? Because it's not usually in the enzyme market. It's not usually one where you see positive pricing. And then lastly, one for Tina, if I can sneak that one in as well. You sound very bullish on BioAg. Usually at the beginning of the year, you have a wide guidance range, a wider guidance range in BioAg. What gives you the confidence for the strong growth that early in the year already in BioAg, please? Thank you, Gunther, for these very good questions. I'll comment on pricing and then pass it to Lars for building on your comments on ROIC and then Tina on BioAg. On pricing, what gives us the confidence? I mean, it's not we have not started the journey on pricing today. This is a long journey that we have already been working, if you remember, since the time, for sure, since I have been in the team. We start seeing the benefits of those focus last year, and this year we're doubling our energy in this segment. We live in extraordinary circumstances with rapidly increasing raw material prices. As you've seen, you heard Lars saying, we did a fantastic job this year plowing and postponing the impact of this highly increased raw material till Q4, but we're not immune. This opens a fantastic situation or environment for our discussions and conversations with our customers as contracts expire, as contracts sunset, to bring up the discussion on value, on price on the table. We aiming for a space where we're going to move into a positive impact from pricing in gross margin. Yes, overcome by the higher raw material price increases, and then overall, still with a slight contraction of gross margin of 1.5%-2%. I'll pass it to you, Lars. Yes, thanks, Ester. Gunther, to your question on ROIC. Clearly, the biggest impact on the lower return on invested capital is coming from the invested capital component, where the acquired assets from our acquisitions is increasing the invested capital number. The NOPAT is a smaller impact. Of course, our guidance is sort of a range on a number of parameters. Therefore, our comments should be seen in that light. I think the key point is that the biggest impact on ROIC is coming from invested capital. I'll answer on the Agriculture and Animal Health & Nutrition comment on the BioAg specifically. Yes, we do guide a relatively broad range here from high single-digit% growth to the low teens%. If we just take a step back in that area and in these ag exposed areas, the growth drivers is both innovation, it's market penetration, it's sustainability. There's also support when the commodity prices are high. Given that what we deliver is a yield benefit, and that has more value in a high commodity market. If you look at the performance in 2021 in Agriculture and Animal Health & N utrition, then you have to remember it was a flat performance. You have to remember the DKK 60 million, which we saw in 2020. We grew 7% in Q4. We are on a strong trajectory, and we also think there is some timing, and that is supporting the high expectation for 2022. Next question, please. Thank you. That comes from the line of Michael Novod at Nordea. Please go ahead, your line is open. Yeah, thanks a lot. Just two questions. One to Grain & Tech. Maybe Tina, you previously talked about the impact from enzymes to COVID-19 testing. Maybe you could just detail for us also how much of growth was impacted by this in Q4 in 2021 and how much is expected in 2022. And then secondly to Lars regarding CapEx. Should we assume that 2022 levels are the peak or would there be one more sort of significantly elevated and then sort of fading off from there? Thanks a lot. Tina and Lars. In Grain & Tech, if you look at both for the year and the quarter, then roughly 70% of the segment is coming from Grain and 30% is coming from Tech. That means that within the Tech segment, as you know, we have many different businesses. Diagnostics is a small part of that, so it is a small impact. On CapEx, we guided in the Capital Markets Day back in September for a CapEx to sales ratio of around 10% through the period to 2025. On top of that, we have our advanced protein facility in Blair. Now, the latter is roughly DKK 2 billion in total over the three-year period, 2021 to 2023. We recorded roughly DKK 200 million in 2021. Another DKK 1 billion is expected here in 2022, so this leaves a residual roughly DKK 800 million for 2023. The good thing is we have progress in line with our plans, but exactly how the recording of the CapEx plays out, of course, is subject to a bit of uncertainty. This is our expectations right now. You have to add that residual component of roughly DKK 800 million to the 10% also in 2023. Sure. Understood. Thanks a lot. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Nicola Tang at Exane BNP Paribas. Please go ahead. Your line is open. Hey, everyone. Just Just a quick question. It was about Household Care, actually. I was wondering if you could talk a little bit about the reduced demand in Europe and private label issues. I know we were talking about them back at Q3, but can you confirm that the European issues are still sort of related to down trading? You know, when you think about your guidance, the 2%-4% for 2022, can you just sort of clarify or explain what you're factoring for both those two elements? Then the second question, still on Household Care. We've seen a bit of news flow around activism and restructuring at one of your big Household Care customers, Unilever. In the past, I think in the industry when we've had activist cases or cost-cutting, it's led to lower levels of customer innovation and reformulation. I was wondering whether you see this as a risk or whether you're seeing anything, whether you see this as a risk this time around for you or, you know, what has changed in the household landscape versus a couple of years ago? Thanks. Thank you, Nicola. Anders, could you please take those questions? Thanks. Let me start with Europe and what's going on. The result of the performance in the retail market was that laundry, which is by far our largest single segment, is down 5% on volume. The way we look at it's a few different sort of trends that's going on. We see customers they are trading down to lower tier brands. We also see that customers are washing a little bit less than what they did last year. Of course, we see the private label segment being under a lot of stress. Stress comes in different forms. It comes with two of our mid-sized customers have gone out of business. It also comes in a way where you can see that they're actually losing substantially more than the big brands. Our exposure to the private label market has traditionally been quite strong. From that perspective, we also get quite some challenge in Europe. I think when you look at the guidance for the full year, looking at Household Care, Europe is actually the single and only area compared to our plans that delivers the deficit to our original guidance. That's what's going on. Looking ahead on Europe, we plan for a flat European market next year. We believe that we have sort of seen the bottom of this. We also believe that the private label pain that we saw that will travel to other private labels. For us, that's, I think, a good belief. We've seen the bottom of the European market. Now we turn to the next question. This is very difficult and of course, I can only speculate and I can tell you what happened in the past. Of course, we've seen investor pressure coming in, and it has shown itself in different shapes and forms. This time around, I think it's uncertain to say what's going to happen to Unilever. We know that Unilever is on a journey where they are really driving sustainability hard. We have very strong conversations and also a very strong pipeline with Unilever. I'm pretty sure that some of that will come through. It's too early to tell if there's going to be any negative impact. Right now, we don't see it, and our conversations are positive towards growth and innovation. I think that's it. Very well said, Anders Lund. Nicola, you did not really implicitly ask for it, but I would like to build on Anders Lund's comments on what gives us the trust on the 2.4 guidance and also on the long-term growth. It is, for once, the very strong penetration of freshness that we see the broad launches sticking and contributing to the growth and also contributor to the growth of 2022. The continued penetration of our solutions in emerging geographies that they do grow at least this year, and they will continue to grow. Then the strong momentum and the pull for our customers for sustainable solutions, replacing chemicals in detergents. All these parameters make us confident that there is a growth path and that we are moving in the right direction to that growth path. Next question, please. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. The next question comes from the line of Lars Topholm of Carnegie. Please go ahead. Your line is open. Yes, congrats with another strong quarter. A couple of questions on my side. To the guidance, since you are passing on input cost inflation, at least partly, I just wonder to what extent that boosts your organic growth guidance. In line with that, both you, Ester, and Lars mentioned that you were off to a strong beginning of 2022. Just wonder what you mean by that, and if this implies the year's going to be front-end loaded. A second question on alternative proteins, because earlier in the year, you sent out a press release mentioning that you would like to sort of drive the creation of a microprotein industry body, or I don't know what the right word is. To my knowledge, you don't have any significant microprotein products in the market. Am I wrong? Is this something that is going to come? Why are you doing this? And should we expect any microprotein announcements going forward? Thank you. Thank you, Lars, for your very kind comments. Yes, we feel very pleased with the results and also that we expect a good start for the year. I'll let Lars answer your first question, and then Amy follow up on your second one. On our assumptions on pricing, our 2022 outlook includes a net neutral impact from price on the top line. We benefit from our targeted price increases, but we have also included some volume loss risks. That's how we have built our guidance for the year. While the net effect on top line is neutral, we expect a minor positive contribution to the gross margin. As Ester explained earlier, we are looking to effectuate these price increases as contracts expire. Our commentary on being off or expecting to be off to a good start, it's important to understand that wording of expecting to be off to a good start. We are really commenting on the fact that for the first quarter and for the beginning of the year, we see and expect the momentum we had in the last part of 2021 to continue into 2022. Therefore, we are just trying to set the expectations for our first reporting of Q1 in April. Does this imply around a 7% organic growth rate for Q1? That we are not commenting on, Lars. We are just saying that we have 3%-7% for the year, and then that we are expecting a good start to the year. You grew 7% in the end of 2021, and if you're implying that growth is continuing, wouldn't that bring Q1 in at least in the high end of your guidance range? Am I completely misunderstanding what you are telling me? What I was saying is that we were continuing the same momentum from Q4. I didn't say we would have exactly the same growth rates. I think if anything, we are saying that we expect the first quarter of the year to be at least on average for the full year growth. I think that's as far as we can help you on the first quarter expectations. Fair enough, Lars. Fair Fair enough. If I take the second question, Lars, around alternative proteins. Maybe to put this into context, our alternative proteins developments really fall into the two categories if I link it back to the strategy. The first one in the expand space, which is our investment in Blair and everything we're doing in that area, which would be hitting us within the next three years in terms of really scaling up into growth. We have a piece of what we're working on, which is into our explore category from a strategic perspective, which is really looking at 2025 and beyond. That's really where the micro proteins falls into place. The announcement we made last year was around an open call for innovation around micro proteins, really looking to couple the work that we're doing internally from an innovation perspective with outside innovation and creating an environment and a network to accelerate innovation in the area. We don't have anything that you should be expecting in the next year. This is really about that explore area into micro proteins for the long-term growth. Amy, just to follow up on that, doesn't that mean it would be fair to assume that if we take a sort of five-year perspective, your alternative protein portfolio five years from now should be significantly broader than what you have already announced and are investing specifically in Blair? I think that's fair from an aspiration perspective, right? I mean, what we've announced with Blair would be that three years following the startup, we would reach DKK 1 billion of sales. This micro protein space would be beside that, but again, on a longer term basis. Thank you very much, Amy. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Alex Jones of Bank of America. Please go ahead, your line is open. Great. Thank you very much for taking my questions. Two if I may please. The first on the margin this quarter, I think you talked about 400 basis points lower underlying EBIT margin year- on- year due to sales and distribution. Could you give us a bit more color on exactly what in sales and distribution expenses increased and how we should think about that going into 2022? Second question on Food, Beverages & Human Health. You talked about sort of raw material optimization and ingredient replacement in bakery having a positive impact both in 2021 and expected in 2022. Could you give us a bit more color on sort of how that depends on, say, commodity prices, versus how much is a structural evolution in the baking industry? Thank you. Excellent. Thank you. Very, very good questions, Alex. Lars, if you could, answer the first one, and then, Anders Lund build on the dynamics on baking. Thank you. Yes, absolutely. Our operational expenses in the fourth quarter were significantly higher than they were in the beginning of the year. This, we call out actually already in our release of the second quarter, that we were expecting higher operational costs in the second half, and the majority of those hit in the fourth quarter. What they were, for example, in commercial investments we had in our OneHealth areas, where we had significant investments in cross-channel and cross-geography promotion and new product launches, building on our acquisitions of the two and now three companies in the area. We initiated a number of clinical trials, and we also across the businesses, not only in the area of OneHealth but also in the other areas, had significant investments in digital solutions. Those were some of the key factors that impacted the fourth quarter spend, primarily in the sales and distribution area. When we look forward to 2022, then the fourth quarter of last year is not the appropriate benchmark for how 2022 would look like. So as we said on the gross margin, we expect it for the year to be 1.5%-2% points lower than what we saw for 2021. Maybe to give you an idea of the other line items, admin cost is probably a good assumption to be in line with history at 5%-6%. We have historically had R&D costs of 13%, S&D 11%-12%. On the latter two, we have consciously chosen to shift a bit of our resources from R&D to S&D. I think you would probably see a slightly higher S&D ratio, maybe closer to 12% or 12%-ish, and R&D maybe still in line with a 13% or so. I think that is maybe a good way to think about how the cost composition would be in 2022 and arriving at an EBIT margin of 25%-26%. On Food & Beverages, I'll just expand a little bit on how growth is composed in 2021. The major driver for us was a very strong underlying demand and innovation and market penetration that made up more than two-thirds of the growth in Food & Beverages. We saw, especially in the brewing space, some recovery that also supported growth, and we come to raw material optimization. Absolutely, as you highlight, that was mainly in baking. What happened in baking was that we saw shortages of certain raw materials like vital wheat gluten. We saw quite some inflationary pressure on ascorbic acid, emulsifiers, and so on. Then you can ask, well, does this stick? We believe when we talk to customers that it is actually quite sticky. That's a business that will continue. Our estimate says it's between two-thirds and three-fourths of this that will stick. The reason we believe it will stick is that customers, they use it to sort of drive price, clean label claims. They of course also do it because of the stability of cost. Then there is some pain associated when to make these reformulations. All of that makes us quite confident that what we have seen of reformulation and optimization will actually remain in 2022 and the years to come. Great. Thank you very much. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Søren Samsøe of SEB. Please go ahead. Your line is open. Yes, good morning. Just two questions from my side. First on to Lars regarding the margin bridge from the 27% in underlying in 2021 to the 26.5%. If you could just give us the components to bridge that gap. Secondly, you had quite impressively 14 product launches in 2021 or solutions you can say. Could you highlight the most important ones in terms of sales growth contribution over the next five years? Thank you. Lars. Yes. On the first question, from the 27% underlying, the most important factor towards the 25%-26% EBIT margin guidance we have for 2022 is the lower gross margin, which we believe will be 1.5%-2% points lower than what we saw in 2021. We are also continuing to invest in our business. Therefore, as I just outlined with our expectations or at least the way you can think about some of the individual cost lines, we are still investing also in both sales and distribution and also R&D on a growing top line. We don't see any significant other ordinary items in our 2022 numbers. Those would be the significant drivers of the margin arriving from the 27% last year to 25%-26% in 2022. To your second question, we made 14 launches. We love them all. But it's hard to choose which is the one that we feel more proud of. They're all contributing to what it has been already also a trajectory of where innovation continues to be a strong contributor of our growth. 30% of our sales this year, they were coming from launches we made in the last five years. But if you ask me, where would you see that contributing in the future? It will be across all fronts. From one side, we have very high expectations on our launches in animal nutrition including the latest launch we have made in Forus for animal nutrition. Very strong trend and a momentum we mentioned on freshness with a broad launch that continues to contribute to growth in Household Care. Very good momentum in Human Health. Very high level of cross-fertilization on the acquisitions that we brought in, and also the tangible examples from our innovation muscle, and then also cross-fertilization across the globe. Lastly, not to mention a strong trend in the market for consumers for healthier foods. Some by replacement of chemicals or ingredients, as Anders Lund mentioned, but also a strong driver for nutritional changing habits in seeking for plant-based solutions where our enzymes contribute. If you couple that with also a stronger penetration in emerging geographies, I have to close your question saying we love them all, and we're pleased with the 30% contribution of innovation, and we know that innovation is a key contributor of our long-term growth. Okay. Thanks for that. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Sam Perry at Credit Suisse. Please go ahead. Your line is open. Hi, guys. Thank you for taking my question. If I look at your two-year stack organic growth, your 2022 guide at the mid to upper end implies double digit to mid-teen growth on a two-year basis. This is a level that hasn't been seen on a two-year basis since pre-2015 when commodity prices were also much higher. Similarly, if I look at the midpoint of your sales and EBIT growth, the EBIT guide for 2022 is broadly in line with 2016 despite having some acquisitions. I guess my question is, how much of your ability to print these higher growth and earnings numbers do you think is based on changes you've made to the business over the past five years and new innovation, and how much is based on increasing soft commodity prices and customers reformulating towards enzyme-based products? Thank you. Thank you for your question. We have launched, as you recall, our strategy in September. A lot of the fruits that we're seeing today are already from the work made on the past, but also from the steps we're taking for the implementation of the strategy. It's a combination of both. We're capitalizing on the headwinds that we're seeing in the market. We're not shy of that. Many of those ones, they are sticky as they stay. We know that once you tried our solutions, then our customers fall in love with the value propositions of sustainability that we bring in. That's true across all fronts. In animal nutrition, where we bring beyond increased protein enhancement, also lower manure. Like in baking, where we're moving into natural and formulation and a cleaner, clean labels enabling. Or detergents, leading to washing, consumers can wash at lower temperatures and replacing chemicals. There is good momentum. We're capitalizing on that, but there is a lot of self-help. The self-help comes from proactive investments we've made in emerging geographies on assets, on people, on labs. The self-help also comes from acquisitions that we have made in Human Health to maximize a potential that we have as a biotech company and to contribute to the work very rapidly growing trend on healthier needs. Same will be for plant-based proteins on the investments we've made on Blair, we're making on Blair. That's one of the key milestones also for this year to move ahead with those investments, and that will be a contributor also for the future growth. Great. Thank you very much. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Charles Bentley at Jefferies. Please go ahead. Your line is open. Thanks for taking my questions. I just have two. One is just on the comments around Household Care, that Europe has already bottomed and private label, you'll see the shifting. I mean, is this what you're already seeing in Q1? Because the guide implies kind of an acceleration versus the Q4 exit rate. Just wanna understand whether this is what you can already see in January and then coming through the order book for the rest of the fourth quarter, or does this assume that this picks up at some point? Secondly, just on the kind of Q4 margins and the commercial investments you've mentioned. I mean, it seems to suggest there's something like DKK 100 million of costs in Q4. I think previously you suggested it would be something like DKK 300 million total. Is that right? And then kind of related to that, what's the likely phasing on the remaining costs? Thank you. Thank you, Charles. I'll let Anders answer your first question and then Lars, can you build on the second one? Thank you. Yeah. Of course we have one month in the books, and it confirms what I said before that we believe that Europe will look around flat, maybe slight growth. That's what we see now, and that's also what we see in the order books. I would say on the spend in the fourth quarter, I don't know, but I assume the DKK 300 million you refer to is the costs that we carved out all the way back in 2019 when we started to sort of reshape our cost structures towards sales and distribution. I think now we are almost three years later, and I think it becomes very difficult to separate what was carved out and what is now invested where. I would maybe rather look at our commitment to continue to invest in our business, which we also do and imply in our guidance here for 2022. We have also provided a long-term guidance back in the Capital Markets Day that we aim for an EBIT margin of 26% in 2025 or above, and no individual year going below 25%. That's what we are guiding for here in 2022 with a continued investment in our business to support the organic sales growth. Great. Thank you very much. We have time for one last question, please. Thank you. That comes from the line of Sebastian Bray at Berenberg Bank. Please go ahead. Your line is open. Hello. Good morning, and thank you for taking my questions. They're primarily focused on gross margin development. I can understand why the current raw material environment would mean that the outlook is, let's say, downwards for 2022. What makes me curious is what the company thinks of as its mid to long-term gross margin, i.e., if price recovery is good enough, do we get 100- 150 basis points back? Is there anything in 2023 onwards? Is there anything to suggest that the current decline in gross margins may prove permanent as opposed to temporary? Secondly, a quick question on plant-based meat and products. If I say as a rough guess, I think Novozymes is making a little less than DKK 100 million in this area on an annualized basis. Am I getting warm? Thank you. Thank you, Sebastian. Good morning, and I'll let Lars answer your questions. Yes. Thanks, Sebastian. Right now, we are like many other companies impacted by the higher input costs. Therefore, we are guiding to a lower gross margin of 1.5%-2% points. We are also saying that we are taking actions to pass on some of those higher input costs to our customers over time. Therefore, we see a small positive contribution from that pricing initiative on our gross margin. I would say we are still continuing to see the productivity improvements as we have seen for years and years and years, leveraging the scale and the volume growth in our facilities. In the long term, we still see potential to expand gross margin from productivity, from scale. We will see how the future develops, both in terms of input costs and also in terms of price discussions. The fundamental factors that enables us to see gross margin expansion those are intact. Of course, there are more parameters like we now experience in 2022, which will determine the actual gross margin in the individual year. Thank you, Lars. That closes the session. Oh, sorry, Anders Lund. Yes, please build on the second question. I think there was a question around protein and let me just expand on that. I'll not give you specific guidance on how much we sell and how whether DKK 100 million is warm or cold. What we do, we have a sizable business on protein extraction and protein modification that relates to meat patties both delivering on taste and texture and reduction of salt. It's a business that's growing very, very nicely right now. Of course, when you look at the trends, we have a lot of hope and faith will continue to grow for Novozymes. Now, yes. Thank you very much, all for your questions. Thank you for your time, and I'm looking forward to continue the conversations with you, with many of you in the forthcoming days. Wishing you a very nice day. Thank you.