Hello everyone and welcome to Prudential's full year 2023 results Q&A event. If you would like to ask a question on the call today, please press star one on your telephone keypad or press star two if you would like to withdraw your question. I will now hand the floor over to Patrick to begin. Please go ahead. Go ahead. Thank you, Sebastian, and welcome to everyone. We're going to just have a short address by Anil to start, and then we'll go straight into questions and answers. Sebastian will explain to those on the call how to log their questions, but I'll pass over to Anil to kick off. Thank you, Patrick. Good morning, good evening, ladies and gentlemen. Very warm welcome to the 2023 full year results for Prudential. I'm Anil Wadhwani. I'm the CEO for Prudential, and it's indeed my honor and pleasure to be welcoming you today. Earlier today, we announced our results. We are delighted with the strength of our performance. I thought the results were excellent, both on operational grounds as well as the financial performance that we delivered in 2023. Our sales came in at $5.9 billion for the full year, up by 37%. Our new business profits came in at $3.1 billion, up 45%. 17 out of the 22 markets were able to register new business profit growth, 12 of them on a double-digit basis. The margins held up. In fact, they improved by four percentage points, ex-economics. Our IFRS earnings came in at $2.9 billion, up 8% year-on-year. So clearly, a very strong set of results. Hong Kong led the results. A strong rebound post the borders opening up. And the pleasing aspect of the Hong Kong growth was that we were able to gain market share, both in domestic as well as in Mainland Chinese Visitors segment. And again, one of the other pleasing aspects of the Hong Kong results was that we gained market share in agency, which is the lifeblood of our company. In China, it was a year of transition. We pivoted to driving a different product mix in China. And as you're well aware, we took proactive steps way back in April 2023, much in advance of the regulatory guidance. And in many ways, the regulatory guidance of quarter three ratified some of the steps that we took in terms of repricing our 3.5% guaranteed product. Our agency grew by 25%. On account of the steps that we took to reposition our bancassurance product mix as we transition to 2024, we feel optimistic about the growth prospects in China. I'm sure we will talk about that as we go along. In ASEAN, again, strong performances by Malaysia. Delighted with the sales and the new business profit growth. Indonesia, four quarters, four consecutive quarters of new business profit growth, early signs of the transformation work that we are leading in Indonesia. Singapore, clearly we have a quality, quality franchise there, multi-distribution channel. It underscored the strong rebound that we witnessed in Singapore in the second half of last year. Overall, as I said, very pleased with the results that we delivered in 2023. I believe that these are excellent results. We have seen sales growth in the first two months of 2024. March and April of 2024 will have base effects, given the fact that we saw a resurgence in March 2023 and April 2023 on account of the border opening. We are in early days of the execution of our strategy, and we are already seeing some measurable progress against our strategy execution. A combination of these factors lead us to believe that we are increasingly getting confident in terms of delivering our two financial objectives, which is 15%-20% growth on new business profit till 2027, and the acceleration of cash on the value that we generate. We're also increasingly confident of our strategic objectives and are effectively deploying capital to drive organic, profitable growth, but at the same time looking a sharp eye out on extending and expanding our distribution footprint through partnerships. I also wanted to, at this juncture, thank our people, thank our agents, and thank our partners. Without their dedication and commitment, these results simply would not have been possible. So thank you very much again for joining us. I would like to now start by introducing our management team on my right, Ben Bulmer, our Chief Financial Officer. Next to Ben, Dennis Tan. Dennis Tan manages a cluster of our ASEAN markets and is also responsible for wealth. Next to Dennis, Catherine Chia. Catherine is responsible for Human Resources. And at the far right is Avnish Kalra, our Chief Risk Officer. On my left, Lilian Ng. Lilian runs Greater China, in and long customer as well as distribution for the company. Next to Lilian, Solmaz Altin. Solmaz runs, again, a cluster of markets in Southeast Asia, in ASEAN, alongside India, Africa, as well as is responsible for health and technology over and above his geographic responsibility. On the far left, Bill, who we appointed as the incoming CEO of Eastspring in the middle of last year. On that note, back to you, Patrick. Thank you. Thank you, Anil. We'll turn over to the Q&A in a second. Obviously, proceedings are taking place on the basis that you've only read the materials that have been published on the website. So please do read the rubric. Sebastian's just going to give instructions for people as to asking questions online. If you just bear with me, Michael, and then we'll come to you. Charles, we'll come to you in a second. I know you're keen. Sebastian, over to you just to give the instructions for people to type in their questions online. Thank you. If you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad or press star two if you would like to withdraw your question. OK, ready to open up. Michael did have his hands up first, so he gets the microphone first. No, behind you. There we go, behind you. Thanks. My name's Michael Chang from CGS International. Just two questions first, primarily on Hong Kong, China, and the strength over there, especially in relation to Hong Kong. It does look like 2024 has had a strong start to the tourist numbers. So extrapolating forward, firstly, if I take a look at the 2027 new business profit targets, management did say they're increasingly confident. It does work out that 9%-15% new business profit growth CAGR is required to achieve those targets. Now, I know some people in Pru, and when they talk about internal target setting, it just seems that Pru sets targets to maximize their potential. I just think that single digit, that 9% new business profit target, sounds very pedestrian. I just want to know, in terms of updating those targets, under what conditions could those targets be a bit more aligned to your more strenuous internal targets? When would investors look forward to such a situation? Maybe you can just elaborate on that. And then in the case of China, China agency business doing quite well. Bancassurance, as management has flagged previously, continues to be a drag. And it does look like, if I take a look at, I think, slide 27, the base effects get much easier in the second half. So could management just share some details on how much bancassurance contribution in terms of the new business profit there was in FY23 and how confident management is about a turnaround in China and roughly when? Can we look forward to that? Thanks a lot. Thanks, Michael. It's good to see you. Many questions in that. So let me try and start with the Hong Kong question. Then I will turn to the 15%-20%, and then we'll come back to China. I'll also ask Ben and Lilian to provide any additional comments that they might have. Starting with Hong Kong, clearly very pleased with the rebound. We grew market share both in domestic as well as in the mainland Chinese visitors segment. Particularly in agency, we saw some really strong performance. The momentum, as you rightly mentioned, has continued in the first two months. But at the same time, just to remind you that we did see a resurgence in May 2023 and April 2023 on account of the border opening. We believe that the growth prospects in Hong Kong continue to be solid. The government is indicating a growth of 3%-3.5% in terms of GDP. We are also encouraged with some of the steps that the government is taking in terms of attracting further international traffic into Hong Kong. A little bit more color on MCV. So in terms of MCV, despite the strong growth that we saw, Michael, the traffic levels in 2023 were close to about 60%-65% as compared to what we witnessed in 2019. And we don't see any fundamental impediments for the traffic to go to 2019 levels, if not exceed it, over a period of time. Additionally, the ticket sizes saw a surge, as I mentioned, in March and April, and then started to normalize from May 2023 onwards. We saw the ticket sizes held up quite well in quarter three and quarter four. As we transition to the first two months of 2024, we also believe that when we talk to our customers, and we do that quite often, the fundamental need for and the attraction for the Hong Kong health infrastructure alongside the products that we offer in Hong Kong, that remains pretty undiminished. If you simply look at the new to Prudential customers in MCV, they were close to 70%. That kind of gives us a fair amount of runway to broaden the relationship. That hopefully kind of gives you a good sense as to why we feel optimistic about the growth prospects of our Hong Kong business. Moving to your second question, clearly 45% new business profit growth would have prompted that. I just want to go back to the conversation that we had when we announced our strategy, which was the late part of August last year. What we had said is we are going to be growing all our four geographies, which is Greater China, ASEAN, India, and Africa. We have the capital strength and the capital flexibility to do so. Clearly, having delivered what we have in 2023, you can almost infer, as you rightly did, as to what those growth numbers would look in 2024, 2025, 2026, and 2027. However, I do want to remind you that we don't cap our aspiration on the 15%-20% growth target. Just again, reiterating that we do have capital strength and capital flexibility. As you would have noticed in 2023, we have deployed that effectively to grow profitable organic growth and at the same time looking at expanding our distribution partnership. That is where the increasingly confident part comes with respect to the target comes through. In terms of China, right, so let me try and provide a little bit of color before I hand it to Ben and Lilian for any additional comments that they might have. Just stepping back, we believe, and we see this, that the fundamental demand drivers in China haven't changed. The demand for long-term savings for retirement and for protection remains highly intact. The GDP is slated to grow at 5% as China pivots to a more sustainable, high-quality, consumption-led economy. You simply have to look at the deposit velocity last year in China grew by 9%. So that illustrates the opportunity that insurance companies, and specifically companies like Prudential, have to be able to cater products and services to address those needs. Yes, we took certain hard decisions on bancassurance. Our bancassurance margin on an ex-economic basis increased by 8%. In combination of the regulatory guidance that we saw in the second half of the year, clearly the volumes on bancassurance got impacted. Agency did quite well. But having now taken the hard measures, having pivoted to a different product mix, and we are already starting to see the early progress of that in the back half of 2023 and as we transition to 2024, we believe we have poised our China business to grow both across bancassurance and agency as we move forward. We have a strong partner, multi-channel distribution. And as I said, the pivot from predominantly a savings product mix to now a much more balanced product mix now allows us and gives us, as I said, the optimism to grow our China business further. So I'm just going to stop. I'm first going to go to Ben and then see if Lilian has any additional color to add. Yeah, thanks. Thanks, Anil. Hi, Michael. I think you had a specific question on China banca contribution to NDP. So that was 45% in 2023, down from about 69% the year before. What you will have seen in the slides, no doubt, is the fruits of the labor, if you like, of repricing, shifting the product mix. And actually, we were able to build our China banca margins as we move through the year by 8 points to end in the late 30s, early 40s. And because those are structural changes in the mix, the sort of ending margin, if you like, of around 42% is something I'd kind of guide you to in terms of thinking about 2024. Similar story, really, in Hong Kong. Very, very pleased with the margin expansion that we saw in the second half of the year. You will have seen in the slides health and protection increasing as we move through the year in terms of number of policies. Not quite yet at sort of 2018, 2019 levels. So I think there's a bit of potential there. No doubt, though, you will have seen kind of rates up at the moment. So for now, when you're thinking about Hong Kong margin outlook, again, I'd guide you to around the 72% that we closed at for the full year. Lilian? Maybe just to add, Michael. When we de-emphasized the non-par savings product, we actually shifted to annuity and savings as well as longer-term payment term. So with that, actually, annuity and savings product for our banker channel contributed to actually grew actually 65% in 2023 and actually contributed to 44% of NBP and similarly on the longer pay. Now, having said that, what we are seeing is now you mentioned about the momentum on 2024. And we are seeing that distinct shift to continue to more health and protection as well as par savings and longer term. So that will inform you how we're going to drive the business in 2024. OK, let's go to the next question. Michelle Jewell. Charles, have a go. OK, thank you. I also have two questions for you. First, let's talk about China. So as we all know, China is now facing probably a prolonged low-interest rate environment. So can I ask you, how are you going to cope with this environment? Maybe talk about it both from the insurance sales, about your guarantee rate, your product mix going forward, and also from your investment, how do you do your asset allocation? So this is my first question. Second question is related to the ASEAN or Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore. If I combine those three markets, I think overall growth may not be as exciting as Hong Kong or so. Can I ask you about so how do you see the outlook for ASEAN in 2024 and also going forward? Thank you. Thanks, Charles. And good to see you again. So let me start. And I'm going to ask Ben to speak to specifically the investments and the asset allocation. So notwithstanding the rate environment, the fundamental needs, the fundamental insurance needs, what we are seeing and the guidance that we are getting from the regulators is more shifting towards long-term savings, towards retirement. And you can see the pillar three focus that the government is employing. And we are obviously crafting value propositions and products to be able to address that specific need as well as protection. So that fundamentally does not change. To your point around the interest rates being lower, we already took those hard measures. And we took those hard measures of repricing the guaranteed product much in advance of the market. As I said, some of the regulatory guidance that came in quarter three in many ways ratified our decision when the rest of the market obviously took those or made those adjustments much later in 2023. I think the fundamental needs don't change. We have significant experience in managing par business and crafting par value propositions. We believe that as we go through 2024 and beyond, you will see the shift from non-par into par increasingly. That's really what we've been focused on. I'm going to stop and ask Ben to specifically comment on the investments and the asset allocation. Yeah, thanks, Anil. Hi, Charles. Actually, I was going to say a very similar thing in terms of I think what sets us apart is our experience in longer environments and our capabilities on the with-profit side. When you look at CPL's portfolio, it has a diverse set of products, both protection and savings. Within the savings book, 1/2-2/3 of the liabilities, we can actually vary the benefits depending upon the investment return. So it's par. It's ILP. You've seen in 2023 management take action actually ahead of the market to lower cost of liabilities and shift mix and candidly shift mix towards par. When I think about the yields on the assets that we're earning, we're still earning very decent spreads over and above the cost of liabilities. You say the repricings have the effect of lowering the cost of liabilities. And actually, we've lowered our fund earned rate expectations as well. In terms of the assets and there's a slide in the appendix to my slides that kind of shows you the snapshot. 70% of those backing assets, Charles, are fixed income. A significant proportion of those are government debt and other state-owned entity bonds, if you like. So I mean, the business is very active in managing its balance sheet and will continue to be to optimize risk-reward trade-off. So Charles, coming to your second question on ASEAN, clearly a very important segment for us. And again, we are delighted with the market positions that we have been able to establish in many of the ASEAN markets, if not all the ASEAN markets. I mean, you have to look at the strengths that we have, for example, in Malaysia across conventional and Sharia, which resulted in the growth that we witnessed, which was pretty strong. In Indonesia, again, strong positions both against again in conventional and Sharia. And the early green shoots of transformation is playing out. Likewise, Singapore, quality franchise. In Vietnam, despite the challenges that the market is witnessing, we were able to grow market share. It underscores and speaks to the quality of our agency and bancassurance distribution. So we have significant market positions in a market that is home to roughly about 650 million people. So we cannot not be excited about the growth prospects. Having said which, we also have called out to deploy our capital in ASEAN specifically to expand our distribution. So we are actively looking for bank partnerships, which will then go and complement the existing bank relationships that we have, UOB and Standard Chartered, as well as the scale of agency that we have in every single geography. So we believe that going forward, ASEAN will be a bigger part of our growth story. I again want to remind you that if you look at the composition of our embedded value, ASEAN countries today contribute to 43% of that embedded value. So cannot not be excited about our position as well as the growth prospects that ASEAN has to offer. Thank you. Let's go back to one more question from the room. Then we'll go to the phones. Edwin. Hi. Hi. Thank you for the opportunity to raise a question. I'm Edwin Liu from CLSA. Two questions, one on Hong Kong and one on ASEAN. So on Hong Kong, given the medium-term NBP outlook and just Charles' comment on ASEAN, I think the future growth will still very much rely on Hong Kong. Can we expect that the Hong Kong NBP growth will be higher than average for Prudential Group, but also in particular for MCV? Should we expect high teens or even higher than that medium-term growth? And if you can provide more color, just what you have observed in terms of pre-pandemic and post-pandemic behavior of your MCV customers, but also your agents. Where you hire agents from, what is the current agent profile for your MCV business? Second question on ASEAN. You mentioned inorganic opportunities, particularly on bancassurance. Just wonder if you can provide more color in terms of which market that you see more active opportunity in terms of bancassurance that can satisfy your IRR requirement, which market would be more competitive and more challenging to secure bancassurance deals. Yeah, thank you. Thank you. Thank you for those questions. So let me start with the Hong Kong question and the growth prospects in Hong Kong. And I'm going to go to Solmaz specifically on the banker question. I'll kind of tee it up and then have Solmaz provide you greater color in the way we are thinking about driving a distribution in ASEAN. So firstly, as I said, you have to step back and look at the guidance that we've provided in the medium term, which is 15%-20% new business profit growth. As I mentioned earlier, as you look at our 2023 results, you can almost infer the growth rates that will get us to that range, right, to the lower versus the highest rate. However, I want to underscore the point that we are not capping our growth to that guardrail. That is a guardrail. We have the capital flexibility and strength. We demonstrated that in 2023. We will manage our market to its fullest potential. Hong Kong being a big part of our business, you can, again, infer the same logic for our Hong Kong business. I've always been emphatic about the fact that that is exactly why we are growing the multi-market growth model. Because what we can't control is how and at what speed some of these markets will grow at. What we can control is how we compete in those markets, how we serve our clients, and how we gain market share, which is exactly what we were able to illustrate and demonstrate in 2023. As I said, Hong Kong has solid growth potential. We'll continue to work towards expanding our footprint and expanding our market share. In terms of ASEAN, again, going back to the strategy, we had illustrated multi-market, but we will also be focused on multi-distribution. It's becoming a much more acceptable norm that you require bancassurance in all your geographies to complement the strength that we have in agency. We've always been clear that's exactly how we're going to grow. Bancassurance is lower margin as compared to agency. But it's not low margin. Even if you simply have to look at the results of 2023, the bancassurance margin was about 37%, which I think is a very acceptable margin. We would love to do more bank partnerships if we are able to deliver that kind of margin through bank partnerships. But I'm going to stop here. I'm going to turn to Solmaz specifically to talk about how he's thinking about expanding his footprint in ASEAN. Well, thank you very much, Anil. Thanks for the question. We are always interested in expanding our banker distribution. There are a number of opportunities coming up in ASEAN countries. Let me mention a few. Indonesia, there is an opportunity in the Sharia segment. We will certainly be interested in pursuing that opportunity. We are already number one in Indonesia by market share. We have gained 1.7% market share in 2023. So that is an opportunity we are pursuing. We are very strong in agency, as you know, Indonesia with the biggest agency force. Now we want to also diversify Indonesia more. We already are active with SCB and UOB there. But we are very keen on diversifying even further. Malaysia is another good example. We have grown 36% banker last year. It's an amazing team that can do banker very well. So again, Malaysia for us is an opportunity, both in conventional and Takaful, to grow our footprint. Philippines is mostly an agency channel for us. There has been little opportunity in the past in terms of bancassurance deals. But we're working actively in also evaluating more bancassurance opportunities in Philippines. And the same can be said for the CML countries, Cambodia, Myanmar, Laos, where we are mostly a bancassurance company. But we are, again, interested in doing more. So as you can see, we have already an amazing footprint in bancassurance. We are well diversified. But we are particularly keen on Indonesia, Malaysia, and Philippines in terms of bancassurance deals. Just a couple of follow-up points. So we were able to establish the CIMB partnership in Thailand, again, a good illustration of our intent to grow bank distribution. It allows us further diversification within the bancassurance channel in Thailand, which is, again, an important market for us. I do also want to reiterate that as we think about these bank partnerships, we are also going to put this through a return lens. We are very conscious of the fact, remember, we've given two targets, 15%-20% new business profit growth, but also employ a discipline where we are converting this value into cash. So having strong internal hurdles and having strong return hurdles is absolutely going to be the way we are going to be evaluating these bank partnerships. I hope I was able to answer that question. OK. I think, Michelle, if you just bear with us, we'll go on the phones. And then we'll come back to you first as soon just to even it up. OK, Sebastian, could you just remind everyone how to queue in their questions on the phones? And then go to the first caller, please. Of course. Please press star 1 if you'd like to ask a question or star two to withdraw your question. Our first question comes from Farooq Hanif from J.P. Morgan. Please go ahead. Hi, everybody. Thank you so much for the opportunity. Firstly, Ben, it seems you're making a comment in the press release that you're looking at improving the conversion of free surplus generation to cash at the group. Could you possibly elaborate on this? And at what point do you think you'll be able to move up or away from the 7%-9% DPS growth target? I simply ask because although you're delivering strong growth, clearly, as you can see from the share price performance, I think the markets are really, really interested in this topic. So anything you can say on that would be helpful. Secondly, on the $1 billion investment that you're making into the business, what has the first $100 million been spent on? And where will we see the kind of incremental change now in the investment? What are your priorities for that? Then lastly, could you comment a little bit about your health proposition? You've commented a little bit about some of the markets where you're launching propositions. Where will the big delta come from in this business in terms of earnings and sales and the numbers? Sort of by when, what's the phasing of that? Thank you very much. Thanks for those questions, Farooq. It's good to hear from you again. I'm just going to start by saying one thing. Then I'll have Ben speak to the specific question that you asked. Returning back to the shareholder is always going to be an option in front of the board. What we have to understand is it has to be compared with the investments that we would put elsewhere, whether it is to drive our organic business, where every dollar that we invest returns $3-$4 back, or for that matter, expanding our distribution capabilities. Because remember, we are creating a business that allows us to deliver sustainable, long-term value over a period of time. But I'm going to stop there and turn to Ben for his comments. Then I'll come back on the health proposition. I'm sure Solmaz will have some additional comments to offer. Yeah. OK, thanks, Anil. Hi, Farooq. Thanks for your questions. Maybe if I start with sort of operating free surplus generation. Look, I mean, you've seen the targets that we've set out. We're absolutely focused on the acceleration of operating free surplus generation. We even set out the expected pattern of that in the slides just to remind everybody. Of course, you have the effects of our investment in capability program in the early years. Thereafter, you get a very rapid effect of the compounding of successive cohorts of very high-quality new business coming through. In terms of bringing capital up to HoldCo, so in 2023, we brought up $1.6 billion. That's about $300 million more than the year before. And that's grown the HoldCo cash and our financial flexibility after repaying down debt, servicing dividends, and central costs. I think, as I've said in my speech, while I appreciate the flexibility of having surplus in our operating entities, it gives us a degree of agility to fund new business opportunities. I also don't want to be leaving surplus capital that there's no obvious use for in those entities. Increasingly, we'll sort of move towards that line of thinking. In terms of the $100 million, or it was actually $133 million of our $1 billion investment in capabilities, about half of that was spent on distribution in full year 2023 and really around platforms and tools to enable agency productivity. Platforms like PRUForce, PRUExpert, PRULeads. We've also been funding a strategic talent sourcing program. Just to kind of give you a flavor of the value creation, if I take the PRULeads example, we had issued 4 million leads last year. We saw an 8% conversion rate on that. Agents using the PRULeads platform were roughly 30% more productive than those who didn't. This is currently only available to about 40% of our agency force. There's potential to come on that. In terms of our professional agent or professional career switching program that we've been funding, that's rolled out across seven markets. On average, there, we're seeing 6 times the productivity of a recruit versus our average agents. We've also spent on the customer side of things, so about 40% of the $133 million I referenced. That's going into platforms around CX, customer experience. A good example here is PRUServices 2.0, much simplified customer experience. We've been able to do that on the back of looking at the drivers behind net promoter scores. When that's rolled out, that will replace some 15 other apps. Finally, the balance then we've spent on the health side, that's very much focused around claims management. Again, there's good examples there of saving hard dollars, one of which is the use of AI running across data platforms in Indonesia, detecting fraud, waste, and abuse, and saving dollars there. Thanks, Ben. I'm going to now shift to health. Farooq, you're absolutely right. Health is one of our strategic pillars. We have a scale business. We draw almost $2 billion in terms of health business across the four major markets of Hong Kong, Singapore, Indonesia, and Malaysia. Solmaz will be happy to provide you some color in terms of how we are driving that forward. Well, thank you very much, Anil. First of all, we grew health 20% in 2023 from about $280 million to $330 million. We have set out in our health strategy explanation in August that we're going to plan to double that by 2027. We're doing this by primarily tackling two strategic legs. One is really managing health business as it deserves to be managed, not just as an attachment to a life chassis, but really as a standalone business, looking at metrics that matter for health business that do not necessarily matter for life business, like combined ratio or loss ratios, focusing on the imminent core value chain of the health business, like underwriting, pricing, claims management. With that, and as Ben alluded to as well, we can save hard dollars and just get more profitability of our existing business. Secondly, we're certainly going to look at new value propositions of standalone health medical reimbursement products, medical ICI products, and the like, where we see a really big need and health protection gap in many of our markets. Thirdly, as we're building up capabilities at the center and in the countries with regards to managing the health book better and more profitably, let me remind you, as Anil said, 90% of our business currently is coming from the four countries: Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia, and Indonesia. Just with these four countries, we have a significant potential to increase our value propositions and grow, and at the same time, work on our existing business to make it more profitable. On top of that, countries like Thailand, Philippines, Vietnam, highly populated countries, hundreds of millions of individuals with a high protection gap in health, are just making up 10% of our book currently. There's ample room to grow. We will certainly, as Anil said, will not hold back on exceeding that target by 2027. As of now, we are continuing to execute on the new operating plan. We will continue to update as we move forward in the quarters. Thanks, Solmaz Altin. And just one other call out in terms of India. We do have the opportunity, as we've kind of illustrated earlier, to be able to set up our health business, which we are actively, again, looking at, which we can outside the joint venture that we have with ICICI. And again, India is a huge opportunity when we think about it in terms of the health business. Thanks, Anil. I think we'll go back to the phones. I'm just conscious of time. So if we can have quick questions, and then there will be more people who get a chance. So can we go back to the phones, Sebastian? Of course. Next question is from Kailash Mistry from HSBC. Please go ahead. Hi. Good afternoon. Thank you for taking my questions. Three from me. First one is just going back to cash remittances. Ben indicated in his speech that the remittance ratio is around 80% in 2023 versus a medium-term average in the 60s%. What should we expect this to be going forward? Secondly, just to recap on investment spend, you said that there's $900 million left, which will be split in 2024 and 2025. How much of that will go through the P&L and the cash numbers? Thirdly, just coming back to Hong Kong, you talked about improving sales mix through the course of 2023. Has this continued in terms of sales mix improvement in the first couple of months? And on the top right-hand side of that chart, slide 26, I think, you talked, I think, the H&P contribution is a policy account basis. What is that in MBV and APE terms? And then if you could just give us a little bit more color on Hong Kong MCV. I think Anil mentioned 70% of business comes from new customers. What proportion comes from GBA, non-GBA? And what is the growth in the MCV-focused agents? Thank you. Thank you, Kailash. I'm going to first ask Ben to address the cash remittance and the $900 million spend and how are we thinking about that. And then I will turn to Lilian to speak to specifically the H&P mix in terms of its contribution to NBP and the GBA versus non-GBA. Ben, you want to? Yeah, thanks. And I'll be a bit quicker in my answers this time. Hi, Kailash. Thanks for the question. So in terms of the remaining $900 million, I'd guide you to around sort of $250-$300 this year, similar number in 2025. So still weighted towards the sort of beginning of the objective period split. Again, stick to the rule of thumb I gave, I think, back in August, roughly 2/3 CSM, 1/3 P&L. In terms of your cash remittance ratio question, yeah, you're right. So we were slightly higher in 2023 at 80% versus the 60% kind of average over, I think, it was the last five years. There's an element of bringing up more to pay down the debt that matured. I'd look to this year, as just a very rough rule of thumb, around 70%. But as I said, we're actively looking at sort of uses of capital, the capital in the businesses. And I do need to balance this, of course, against that sort of nimbleness of having that capital in country and also satisfying local stakeholders, regulators, distribution partners, rating agencies, and so on. So yeah. Thanks, Ben. Thanks for that. Lilian, you want to take those two questions on sales mix and the GBA versus non-GBA? OK. On the H&P, contribution to MBP in 2023 is actually 40% in terms of MBP contribution. So on MCV, of the MCV customers, about a third comes from GBA cities. The rest actually come from mostly Tier 1 cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Zhejiang, et cetera. In terms of our recruitment on the agency, our MCV agents in the past, you've heard us spoke about recruiting from what we call the IANG, who are the graduates in Hong Kong. And we continue to do that. And what we've actually embarked on in 2023 is also recruit our MCV agents from the talent scheme, which the Hong Kong government has actually promoted in 2023. And that has actually driven up our increase in MCV agents in 2023. Kailash, just to add to that comment, when Ben was talking about the sustainability of margins in Hong Kong, while the policy count is about 60% H&P, we believe we have a runway in Hong Kong for H&P to contribute more to new business profit mix. That gives us the confidence that we should be able to sustain, if not grow, our margins in Hong Kong going forward. Thank you, Sebastian. Let's go back to another caller on the line. Then we'll come back to Michelle in the room. Thank you. The next question is from Andrew Sinclair at Bank of America. Please go ahead. Thank you, everyone. A few from East. First, just looking at that $3.5 billion of holdco cash, that's about 13% of your market cap. Remittance sounds like it's going to be pretty decent going forward. Just really, how much cash do you really feel you need at holding company? And what are the plans for that with the shares where there are? Clearly, the inorganic expenditure has a pretty high hurdle. Second point was just related to that. I mean, shares are trading at about 60% of published embedded value. What are your plans and time scale for giving a EEV number consistent with your Asian peers? And then the third question was just, you injected some cash into Mainland China to accelerate growth there. Are there any other markets you're looking at where you see any need to inject cash to facilitate growth plans that can't be funded organically by those countries? Thank you very much. Thanks, Andrew. Thanks for those questions. I'm going to ask Ben to tee up. And then I'll add my set of comments specifically on the cash infusion piece. But Ben, you want to first take the $3.5 billion and the TEV question? Yeah, thanks. Well, maybe I'll start with and hi, Andy. Thanks for those questions. Maybe I'll start with TEV. As I think I said back in August, our focus has been very much on delivering IFRS 17. We've now done that. So we are actively considering TEV, whether we give that as an additional metric or an alternative. We need some time to do that work. So in the meantime, please bear with us. And I'd point you to, of course, our adjusted IFRS 17 equity, if anyone wants to look at a risk-neutral lens, and of course, our EV sensitivities. In terms of use of capital and hold co, you're right, Andy, $3.5 billion. I think we've been quite clear that we want to build financial flexibility. In terms of the uses of capital, really, it remains entirely consistent with the principles we set out back in August. We're looking to grow organically, looking to deploy in terms of our investment and capabilities, and then looking at strategic options to sort of widen that potential universe for reinvestment. As I think Anil referred to, there's a very active pipeline of potential opportunities. We talked about distribution partnerships, health being a couple of good examples. As we've said in our speech, we'll be disciplined about that. We'll compare the economics of that versus returns of capital to shareholders. From where we sit now, very much valuing that flexibility that we have to be able to grow the business. Capital infusion, in general? Capital infusion into. I think your question, Andy, was anywhere else. I think the majority of our businesses are self-funding, right? They're capital generative. They remit to center. It's really the smaller businesses, if you like, the sort of Laos, Myanmar, Africa that continue to require support from center. Of course, that can change depending on how we deploy capital to grow the business and what opportunities there are to sort of widen distribution. So Andrew, just a couple of comments from my side to supplement Ben's response. So firstly, on the TEV question, clearly, we hear the ask. Our focus was IFRS 17. We are very pleased that we've landed that quite well. We also reiterated the fact that we are focused on execution, on delivering on our two strategic and on our two financial objectives that we announced in August last year. And that obviously requires financial resources as well as ensuring that we are stacking up the right quality of talent to drive that execution. So we have to kind of weigh some of the work that will be required as well as the spend of capital that will be required to generate the TEV financials. But we hear the ask. And as Ben said, we are actively considering that. To your capital infusion, just one point. We like the capital flexibility and the strength. It allows us to grow and gives us optionalities to grow organic as well as look at opportunities across our geographies and across the geographies of Greater China, of ASEAN, of India, and Africa. I just wanted to reiterate that that allows us to grow all the markets and don't have to necessarily suck out the growth from one market to grow the other. OK, just a point on the hold co cash usage. Bancassurance, there's some payments made in bancassurance out of hold co cash as well. So that would be when it's a strategic transaction in the past, you've contributed central cash to facilitate that as well, just to clarify that. OK, let's go back into the room. Michelle, you've been extremely patient. The floor is yours. You're probably allowed a slightly longer question for being indulgent with us. And if we get your microphone. Thank you, Patrick. Yeah, thank you, management, for taking my question. My first question is about Singapore. Singapore is a very important region for us. And the NBP growth was a bit soft last year. But I understand that's primarily because of the first half. And we are seeing some improvement in the second half. But just wonder about the future growth driver for this market. And I would like to do some brainstorming with the management team because given the increasingly important role of an offshore wealth management hub internationally and given the huge success we've achieved in Hong Kong, so is it possible that we replicate the success in the Hong Kong MCV business to Singapore? And what's kind of the hurdle you are seeing deterring us from doing so? So that's the first question. The second question is about recovery because I do know I can do this simple calculation. So if we compare NBP last year with that in 2018, so we are about 60% of 2018. But there's a lot of economic assumption changes involved here. But just wonder if management can give us a ballpark number of what's the 2023 business level versus 2018? So what's the pace of recovery for each region? Thank you. Thanks for your question, Michelle. So I'm going to ask Dennis to talk specifically on Singapore. But just to start with the Singapore question, it is a quality franchise. It's multi-channel. And it was illustrated in the strong rebound that we were able to show in the second half of last year versus the first half. Remember, we took the hard steps to pivot from single premium, which, as you know, was a star offering in 2022 to regular premium. And we did that pretty quickly. And now the business has pivoted towards regular premium. And you're starting to kind of see the growth that we were able to demonstrate in the second half. But I'm just going to stop there and have Dennis provide you some extra color. Thanks very much, Anil. Thanks, Michelle, for the question. So Singapore market last year, it was kind of like a tale of two halves. So if you look at the first half of the year, there was softening in the entire industry given the high inflation and high interest rate environment that moved really, really quickly. But the second half of the year, there was a very, very strong rebound. And we saw quarter-on-quarter growth. And this came across from a couple of things that we did. So firstly, it's actually a whole pivot towards the regular premium business. Because of the softening of the single premium, we decided to come really, really hard, pivoting towards regular premium. And that saw sales numbers grow 32%. And in addition to that, we also launched our Prudential Financial Advisors, which is a holistic wealth planning business. And that talks to your question in terms of what are the growth opportunities going forward as well because we feel clearly that that will be a fantastic growth engine for us. On top of supporting the tied agency force, open architecture bancassurance business, we decided also to invest in this open architecture financial planning unit. So we launched that in April of last year. And within a short 9-month period, we ended last year, December, with 500 advisors, 500 wealth planning advisors in that unit. And that continues the momentum in terms of recruitment going into this year. I think one final point is your point on so-called MCV into Singapore in that sense. We already are doing that, right? So for these foreigners who are coming into Singapore, the first port of call tends to be the banks. They'll set up their banking relationship with the local or the foreign banks in Singapore. And as you know, our two big bank partners, Standard Chartered Bank as well as UOB Bank, they would have not just the onshore team, but also they have the offshore desks by countries, by region. So we have been working very closely with them to kind of tap on that. And that is an ongoing thing and definitely will also be a key driver going into the future as well. Back to you, Anil. Thank you. Thank you, Dennis. Michelle, coming to your second question. So you're absolutely right. The sales did exceed the 2019 levels. But the NBP still has a bit of a runway. And even if you compare it to 2018 levels, I believe the new business profit still has some runway. Part of that is interest rates, as you rightly pointed out. But it's kind of quite evident from the presentation that we've shared that in many markets, we still have an opportunity to go back to 2018-19 levels, if not exceed it, including the likes of Indonesia, CPL, which obviously had a challenging year in 2023, even Hong Kong, for that matter. From an NBP perspective, it is still not at the levels that we had experienced in 2018. So the short answer is that opportunity exists across Greater China and across the ASEAN markets. We haven't even spoken about India, which is now slated to be one of the fastest, if not the fastest market across Asia in terms of GDP growth. Thank you. Just conscious we have nine more questions online. There's a few that have come in online as well. We'll respond to the technical questions. There's one on IFRS yield curves, which is very technical. We'll come back to the individual on that one. But maybe we'll go back to Sebastian. We'll go back to the next call on the line, please. The next question is from Larissa van Deventer from Barclays. Please go ahead. Thank you. And good morning. And two from me, please. My apologies for the voice. The first on margin expansion. You've spoken about health growing 20% year-over-year and the rebalancing of bancassurance relative to the other portfolio. On a four-year view to your 2027 benchmarks, do you believe that it is possible for margins to expand? Or how do you see the margin involved within that context? And the other one, if I can just get back to the very first question we had on Hong Kong. We had three years of pent-up savings, but arguably only one year of critical illness rises coming through in last year's volumes. Can you give us any sense of how much of last year's volumes were pent-up savings that are unlikely to recur? Thanks for those questions, Larissa. It's good to hear from you. On the margin expansion, you're absolutely right. We still believe we have runway to improve our health and protection mix. If you look at 2023, health and protection contributed to roughly about 40% of the new business profit and grew year-on-year, new business profit by 34%. As we look at some of the demand drivers, not only in China and Hong Kong but pretty much across the region, we believe that we can do more there, right? It kind of comes down to products. It comes down to how we craft the value propositions, how we train both our agency as well as our bancassurance partners. You simply have to look at the pivot that we made in China. And the margins on an ex-economics basis due to the product mix and protection, again, was a part of it, did increase by 8% on an ex-economic basis. On the Hong Kong part, I will turn to Lilian. Suffice to say, obviously, health and protection-related products is a key focus area for us. And we did launch a few products that Lilian can provide you greater color on to be able to deepen and broaden our relationship with customers in Hong Kong. Lilian? OK, just on pent-up demand. So if I look at 2023 in terms of the MCV case size, it was hovering about over $20,000. But in the second half, it actually normalized to $18,000. So I believe that the first half, the pent-up demand, is now normalized at the $18,000. And we are seeing that trend continue into 2024, the two months. So I think that's the pent-up demand. And we're now seeing a normalized case size in 2024 as well. In terms of driving customer proposition, we continue to innovate our product proposition, firstly on critical illness. We actually innovated our critical illness products to actually deliver for the family life stages. And with that, we see an increase in our health and protection growth in APE. And we continue to do so as we move forward for 2024. Larissa, just to be clear, $18,000. So we did see a spike in MCV in March and April of last year. And then it normalized to roughly about $18,000. And that's what Lilian was alluding to, that it continued in quarter three, quarter four, and into the first two months. And to your point on pent-up demand, our customers are largely emerging affluent and affluent. And if you then look at the savings rate in China, China has one of the highest savings rates in the world. And you simply have to look at the deposit velocity growth in China last year. So we believe that's going to be the source of we being able to kind of provide a different value proposition to address those customer needs. Thank you so much, Lilian. Charlie, another one on the line. We've got a bit of an extension of time, which is a unilateral decision. But we've got a few queued, right? Sebastian, do you want to bring the next caller in, please? The next question is from Andrew Crean from Autonomous. Please go ahead. Good morning, all. Two questions, please. Firstly, your $0.7 billion in investment in new business is, I think, at 100% of economic capital. At 150%, which is, I assume, where you'd be really targeting, the remittance ratio goes from 80%-100%, which means that everything is being paid up. Is that a fair thought? And therefore, is there any ability to increase the remittance ratio above that? And secondly, your group surplus is $8.5 billion. Your group cash, $3.5 billion. Could you tell us how much of that is actually excess to your requirements? And also, could you talk more explicitly about when you're comparing buybacks to acquisitions, what are you holding as the key comparative? Because it's all very well. You can always do a banca deal, which on a 10-year view will be more value accreting than a buyback. But that's hardly holding your feet to the flames. Thanks for those questions, Andrew. I'm going to ask Ben to speak to the economic capital and the group surplus. And then I'll be happy to kind of address your question on buybacks. OK. So hi, Andrew. Thanks for the questions. I mean, I'll try and be brief. You are correct on the 150 point. We brought up some stock from the Hong Kong business. And that's one reason why I don't think we'll be repeating the 80% I referenced earlier. And in fact, you should expect a number like 70%. In terms of the surplus, the $8.5 billion free surplus you referenced, in practice, I think, as we talked about at the half year, roughly half of that is accessible, if you like, and ultimately deployable for use organically, inorganically, and in terms of investment in capabilities. In addition to that, Andrew, as I'm sure you will have seen, we're operating at the lower end of our leverage ratio. So we have some flexibility there as well. Thanks, Ben. Specifically, Andrew, on your question on returning back to the shareholders, as I said right at the outset, that's an option that's always in front of the board. Just to remind you that we are only in the second quarter of the execution of our strategy that we announced in August of last year. We believe that there are opportunities across not only distribution expansion or expanding our reach through bank distribution. But we spoke about technology. We are creating technology both that will help enhance customer experience but also enhance distributor experience. And you know how important that is, both to drive retention and higher stickiness with our customers but also ensuring that becomes a huge retention tool for our high-performing and active agents. Likewise, Solmaz has given you a lot of color in terms of health. We are looking at opportunities to be able to drive health partnerships. We are also looking at opportunities, for example, in a market like India, where we can establish a health business outside the joint venture. So there are opportunities. And when we look at some of those hurdles, yeah, we keep the bar really high. Again, just to reiterate, every single dollar of new business profit sorry, every dollar of investment that we put in does generate $3-$4 back. And that is something that, as I said, is going to be our ongoing focus. But I do want to reiterate that returning shareholder back to our investors is always an option in front of the board. Thank you. OK, let's go to the next question. I think there's a couple more. William Hawkins. Of course. William Hawkins, please go ahead. Hello. Thank you for taking my question too, I hope, brief. Can you tell us, in the growth markets, what's happened in Taiwan? And what's the outlook there? That seems to have been a quiet success in the second half of the year. Maybe if you could tell us what the new business profit was in 2023 versus 2022, please. Thank you. And then secondly, in the narrative around slide 29, you make reference to medical reimbursement issues, which we know is an issue in the region. Could you just tell us a little bit about the scale and the outlook for that comment? So yeah, for slide 29, thank you. Thanks, William. Thanks for those questions. I'll be really quick. Please, with the Taiwan performance, it was largely predicated on a differentiated value proposition that we had on our PAR offering. As both Ben and I mentioned earlier, we have significant experience on crafting and on developing PAR products. And that is something that came to the fore in Taiwan. We believe that continues to be an opportunity. But we, at the same time, are also looking at diversifying our product mix, which Lilian and team are, again, actively working in the Taiwan market. In terms of medical reimbursements, I'm going to turn to Ben to respond to that question. But suffice to say, this is one of our big focus areas, as Solmaz has mentioned, right? We are looking at claims. We are looking at adopting technology. We are looking at being much more disciplined on repricing. And we've again demonstrated that in our two larger health markets of Malaysia as well as Indonesia. Ben? Yeah, thanks. I'll talk with a few numbers, if I may, William. So very briefly, mortality as a risk for us has been good. We've had continuously small positive variances for many years. We look to retain more and more of that risk going forwards. On the morbidity side, pre-COVID, typically small positives versus assumptions for us, they grew during COVID as people deferred the kind of non-medically necessary treatment. Post-pandemic, we're seeing much higher utilization rates of medical reimbursement products. This is across our four major medical markets. We're seeing higher medical inflation. We've got a strong U.S. dollar to contend with at the moment. A lot of health goods are effectively priced in U.S. dollars. All four markets have taken actions to reprice. Of course, we annually reprice these products, particularly in Malaysia and Indonesia leading the way in that regard. There's a lot of claims management actions that have been put into swing. We've been prudent. We've set up a provision for around $200 million. My expectation is that that $200 million caps the negative experience variances that we've seen. OK, thank you. I think we're going to squeeze in one more. Then we'll pass over to Anil to close off. Thank you. Sebastian, if you keep going. The next question is from Dominic O'Mahony from BNP Paribas Exane. Please go ahead. Well, thank you, folks. And I appreciate you squeezing me in. Let me stick to one question. It's really for Ben. On slide 36, I'm just looking at the OFSG trajectory. And I suppose I'm just trying to work out how you can get to the 4.4. Because it looks like it could be quite tight. Just to run through some numbers on this, you've already disclosed as of the full year 2023, you've got $2.3 billion expected emergence in 2027. On my back of the envelope, if you keep growing your new business, free surplus generation, you can add 800-ish to that. You might get about $300 million expected return. Let's say asset management does $300 million-$400 million. That's $3.7-$3.8. Which bit of the equation am I missing? Are you going to really massively increase the new business contribution in the next three vintages? Or is it action from the investment plan, which is going to revise the baseline? Or are you expecting operating variances to come back and turn positive by 2027? Yeah, thanks, Dom. It's a great question. I think a couple of things. One, in terms of business experience, yeah, absolutely getting back to in line with assumptions or better than. And just to remind everybody, if you look back to 2010, our operating experience and assumption changes have added some $2.8 billion to our embedded value. So yes, we absolutely need to tackle that. In addition, Dom, I think we're at the very early days, of course, of our strategy, a couple of quarters in. I think there's a lot more we can and will do in terms of agency productivity. I think that's going to help sort of velocity of cash flows. Equally, I think there's a lot more to be done on the health side. That will help. In terms of the 2023 new business cohort, I think a bit more normalization in country mix versus past years will also assist. So I think they're the points for me, perhaps, to factor in. Thank you very much, Sebastian. We're going to turn back to Anil just to close off for a few seconds before you can close the call, Sebastian. So Anil first. Thanks, Patrick. Thank you. Thank you for those questions. Both Ben and I will be on the road towards the start of April, in fact, starting tomorrow in Asia and then into UK and into North America in early part of April. We'll be happy to dig deep into some of those questions. Importantly, the message that I want to leave with you is we are delighted with the 2023 performance. It just simply underscores the underlying strength that we have with respect to our distribution, with respect to the quality of relationships that we have with our customers, and importantly, the quality of talent that we have in Prudential. We are only in the second quarter of the execution of our strategy. We are also pretty pleased with the early progress that we are witnessing against the execution focus that we are employing on our strategy. A combination of these factors gives us that additional confidence to be able to deliver the financial and the strategic objectives that we unveiled late August last year. Once again, thank you for your time. We look forward to keeping the communication going. Thank you very much.