Ladies and gentlemen, good day, and welcome to the STL's Q1 FY 2024 Earnings Conference Call. I'm Pankaj Dhawan, Head Investor Relations at STL. To take us through the results and to answer your questions, we have Ankit Agarwal, Managing Director, STL, and Tushar Shroff, Group CFO, STL. Please note that all participant lines are in the listen-only mode as of now. There will be an opportunity for you to ask questions after the presentation concludes. Please note that this call is being recorded. You can also download a copy of presentation from our website at www.stl.tech. Before we proceed with this call, I would like to add that some elements of today's presentation may be forward-looking in nature and must be viewed in relation to the risk pertaining to the business. The Safe Harbor clause indicated in the presentation also applies to this conference call. For opening remarks, I now hand over the call to Ankit Agarwal. Over to you, Ankit. Thank you, Pankaj. Good day, everyone. Thank you for joining our call for Q1 FY 2024 earnings call today. Just to reiterate, our strategic priorities for STL remain the same and are as follows, firstly, we will continue to grow the optical business by increasing OFC market share and the connectivity attach rate that we've been speaking about. We've also started projects to optimize our raw material and fixed costs in the business to become more competitive. Secondly, we shall continue to consolidate Global Services in the segments of our choice. We are building new capabilities for value-added services. We are also working to improve the UK operations profitability that we have touched on earlier. Last but not the least, we shall build the digital business through focused investments in new technologies and capabilities. Let's first touch on the optical business. The 5G deployments continue to remain strong globally. As of June 2023, a total of 532 operators in 160 countries have invested in 5G networks, with over 254 operators having launched commercial 5G services. At least 41 carriers in 20 countries have launched standalone 5G networks. There are already 1.1 billion 5G subscribers in the world, which is expected to reach 1.5 billion by the end of this year. Leading the 5G deployments is China, which plans to increase its 5G base stations from 2.3 million to 2.9 million by the end of 2023. Fiber to the Home deployments continue to remain strong. In the US, the number of homes passed in 2023 is likely to remain at similar levels as 2022. As examples, Frontier Communications passed 339,000 homes in Q1 2023, up by 60% over Q1 2022. AT&T added 600,000 locations in Q1 2023. In the UK, 4.7 million home passes are expected in this year. In Germany, Deutsche Telekom plans to pass another 3 million homes in 2023. China continues to deploy fiber, now more and more for Fiber to the Room applications to prepare for AI and Internet of Things. The Biden administration has recently announced the distribution of funding of over $4.2 billion, the BEAD program. The funding shall be used to primarily deploy last-mile fiber networks. The funds are expected to flow to states early next year and shall start to fund projects by the middle of 2024. In total, government plans to spend close to $100 billion in building broadband connectivity by 2030. We expect the excess inventory to correct and growth to come back by the end of the year. We remain committed to the US market and continue to broaden our customer base. In this regard, we have recently announced our partnership with Windstream, a privately held communications and software company. Our collaboration started in February 2021. We will provide them with advanced optical designs, like high fiber count, intelligently bonded ribbon and flat ribbon, in addition to loose tube cables. These products are designed to ensure faster rollout and superior network longevity, which aligns perfectly with Windstream's requirements. I'm also happy to share that China Mobile has announced the results for 2023, 2024 tender. The tender volume is at 108 million fiber kilometers. While it is lower than last year, the previous tender was actually extended beyond 12 months. The final settled average weighted price remains unchanged from last year in local RMB terms. The Big Five players in China got a majority of the tender volumes, which is very positive, which will lead to consolidation in the China market. The tender award shall mitigate any price risk that we see out of China in the near term. In addition to the China Mobile, China Telecom has also announced a tender of 50 million fiber kilometers, which I'm happy to share that is higher than last year. Coming to the demand outlook. As per CRU, the medium-term demand in optical fiber cable volumes expected to go up to 638 million fiber kilometers by 2027, up from 535 million in 2022. In the short term, however, as expected, global OFC demand is contracted by 3.4% in H1, 2023. Particularly in North America, demand contracted by 11%. The demand grew in Europe, Asia, excluding China, as well as the rest of the world. Our market share remained stable at 11% in H1 of calendar year 2023, versus H1 of calendar year 2022. Our connectivity business also remains stable at 10%. We expect OFC market share to grow from H2 2024 onwards. We also strongly feel that new products in the connectivity business should see a jump in attach rate from H2 FY 2024 onwards. Coming to the financials for the optical business. In Q1 FY 2024, revenue stands at INR 1,112 crores, which is lower by 2% on year-on-year basis. OFC volume is lower on Q-on-Q basis, and OFC realization is also lower on Q-on-Q basis due to change in geographical mix away from North America. Even though revenue has gone down, EBITDA has gone up by 53% year-over-year basis to INR 246 crores. EBITDA margins for Q1 FY 2024 stand at 22.1%. We have reduced our operating costs on Q-on-Q basis to mitigate the realization impact. Going ahead in Q2, we are taking the following actions to grow and maintain our operational profitability. Number one, we are taking actions to increase our share in EMEA, India and APAC markets, to fill some of the volume gap from the US market. We continue to drive new product development, approval, and commercialization in the optical connectivity business, and we have engaged a Tier 1 management consulting firm to further optimize our operating costs. We expect these actions to start showing results from H2 of this financial year. Now, let's discuss the progress in the Global Services Business. In Q1 of FY 24, in line with our strategy to win profitable projects with optimal fund involvement, we have won two key orders. The first one, we are a system integrator to provide the ICT infrastructure for data centers and for remote sites, along with the responsibility of operations and maintenance. In the second order, we shall supply optical fiber cables and shall do the fiber rollout for 5G deployment in multiple circles, for one of the largest Indian private telecom operators. We expect BharatNet phase III tenders to be released in H2 of this financial year. As a result, we also expect our order inflow to increase as we go through the rest of this year. In the global services, Q1 FY24, revenue stands at INR 353 crores. Our EBITDA has gone up by 27% on year-on-year basis to INR 28 crores, due to a favorable project mix. The EBITDA margin at Q1 FY24 stands at 7.9%, in line with our expectations. Our project execution in the services business is on track. Among Indian public projects, our BharatNet project, State of Telangana, is 65% complete, including all packages. The network modernization project is 68% complete. The fiber rollout project is 3% complete. The new managed services project is 12% complete. Additionally, we've just started the data center project that I spoke about. In the Indian private side, fiber rollout project for a large Tier 1 telecom operator is 20% complete for phase III. Fiber rollout for another large telecom operator, phase two is 28% complete. Finally, the fiber rollout for a modern optical network for another Indian private customer is 58% complete. Coming to the UK, Fiber to the Home rollout in the UK for projects combined is at 31% complete. We shall now talk about the updates for STL Digital business. In STL Digital, we are continuing to grow with momentum. We acquired new customers in the US and Indian, across technology and service industry verticals. We have more than 20+ active customers at the end of Q1 FY 2024. We also had a very strong deal in flow in the Q1 of FY 2024. We are happy to announce that we have signed strategic partnership with SAP and Google to offer the solutions jointly to our customers. We have also expanded our delivery team to 950+ consultants. Our open order book is also very healthy at INR 900+ crores. In line with the expectations and despite a tough industry environment, we have grown our revenues on quarter-over-quarter basis to INR 62 crores. Our EBITDA loss for Q1 are at INR 37 crores. We expect to maintain this growth momentum, at the same time, we also expect the losses to go down as the revenue ramp-up increases. I now hand over to Tushar to talk about the financials. Thanks, Ankit. Good day, ladies and gentlemen. Q1 2024 revenue, up by 2% on year-on-year basis to INR 1,522 crores. EBITDA grew by 42% on year-on-year basis to INR 235 crores. EBITDA margin increased correspondingly to 15.4%. Net profit after minority interest and share of joint venture increased by 156% on year-on-year basis to INR 46 crores. In terms of new orders, in optical business, we continue to win multimillion dollar orders for optical fiber cable in Europe and Americas. We have already talked about new orders in service business in previous slides. In terms of the revenue mix, it has shifted to EMEA and India in Q1 FY 2024, in line with our guidance in previous quarter. Our open order book at the end of Q1 FY2024 is INR 10,938 crores. Our order book is well diversified across our customer segment and also across all our businesses. We have placed an abridged version of our reported numbers for your reference. Our net debt is stable on quarter-on-quarter basis. We have filed a demerger of Service Business with stock exchange. We expect to complete the demerger by Q1 of next financial year. Based on current US OFC industry situation, we are revising our revenue guidance to 7%-9% growth for full year. We are still targeting net debt to EBITDA to be at 2.5x. On this particular slide, one major update is our ESG rating by MSCI has gone up from BBB to A, which is positive. In summary, I would like to say that we shall target to gain the market share across our focus market, particularly in EMEA, India, APAC markets, to fill the volume gap from US market. We shall also optimize our operating cost to maintain the operating profitability. In Global Services, we continue to move towards the value-added services with improved margin and fund involvement. In Digital Business, we shall consciously invest to grow the revenue and reduce the EBITDA losses on a quarter-on-quarter basis. Last but not the least, we are targeting to grow 7%-9% in FY 2024, with reduced net debt to EBITDA at 2.5x by the end of financial year. With this, we come to the end of our commentary. We shall now open for Q&A. Ladies and gentlemen, please note that if you want to ask a question, you can click on the Raise Hand, and we shall take your questions one by one. You can send us your question in chat. We'll take the first question from the line of Mr. Mohit. Mohit, you can ask your question now. Jayesh, can you enable Mohit to speak? Hi, am I audible? Yeah. Yeah, Mohit, please go ahead. Hi, thanks for the opportunity. My, you know, first question is on the North America business, right? I mean, there seems to be some slowdown there, which you have also indicated. Can you give us some color, you know, what is driving this slowdown? There's a slowdown in 5G? Is the adoption slower? If the CapEx investments have gone down by the telecom players, what is driving the slowdown in North America because of the inventory has also got built up? Yeah, absolutely. Thank you, Mohit. I think as we shared, even at the end of our previous quarter results, and we've reiterated now, we do see some slowdown in terms of our sales, specifically in North America. I think there are two or three elements that are playing out. I think number one is, as we had shared last time, and we reiterate, broadly, there is still inventory with the Tier 1, Tier 2 players in the market. As they start, you know, depleting that inventory, we do expect the demand to come back up. Currently, we do see that probably the depletion of that inventory will still take a quarter or two. Our own view is that we should start seeing good demand coming back in North America, probably in Q3 and Q4 onwards. The second point is from the operator perspective, it's probably still taking time to scale up the deployment speed. That is still taking some time. In terms of availability of skilled manpower and execution capability, that's probably been slower than what the customers expected. Then, of course, lastly, because of the, you know, higher interest rates and inflation, I would say there's some level of caution from the operators in terms of really ensuring they're doing the right projects. At a macro level, I want to reassure that overall, in our conversation with customers and what they have put out publicly, they continue to be committed towards long-term deployment of fiber networks for all three elements, whether it is linked to 5G, whether it is linked fiber to the home, or it is for data centers. All of the requirements continue to be there, continue to be strong. One other part that we just shared was in terms of the bid that has been announced in terms of $42 billion. There has been discussions about allocation to the various states for the connectivity. Our view is the demand linked to the bid will come in at some point in half of calendar year 2024, is when we should start seeing some positive demand linked to that. Sure, that's very helpful, Ankit. My one other question is, you know, there's a massive improvement in the gross margin, so is it that also a function of change in geography mix, because your raw material consumption will be lesser, or is it like the raw materials have cooled off as a whole? Just wanted to know. Once the demand comes back, will this again go back to previous levels once the demand in North America comes back? Mohit, I would like to address this particular question. If you see that the material cost% has gone down, mainly because of the prices of some of the material has gone down, as well as we have been working on optimizing the consumption of some of our key raw materials, correct? Which is also helping us in driving the overall material cost. There are two parts to it. Structurally, we see that there is a price impact as well as the consumption impact in overall material cost. Sure. Last one, if I may. There's an open order book of INR 900 crores for STL Digital. Can you give us the average tenure of this order book? Three to five years. The average is about three to five years, because it's over a period of five years. We sign the long-term contracts with the customer, and we continue to provide the services over a period of three to five years. Okay, sure. That's all helpful. Thank you for answering my questions. Thank you, Mohit. Yeah. Thanks, Mohit. We'll take the next question from the line of Mr. Bala Subramanian. You can ask your question now. Good evening, sir. Thank you so much for the opportunity. Sir, one of your competitor mentioned, Optical fiber prices have been declined by 10%-15%, and other expenses also has been decreased by 10%-15%. That's why the margin improvement will be there in this quarter. Whether this will be sustainable in upcoming quarters? Optical networking side also, we have witnessed 22.1% margins, which is higher compared to past four to five quarters. How do we see the margin side in upcoming quarters? Yeah. Please provide the realizations in the market for OF and OFC, aside. That would be really helpful. Sure, yeah. Thank you, Bala Subramanian. You know, firstly, I would say that, you know, we are, we continue to be focused. As we shared, we do expect, you know, healthy mix between the various geographies. Given some of the lower sales that we have seen in Q1, and we will also see in Q2, we are actively focused in also improving our sales in other markets. As we have shared through our presentations and previous discussions, we do experience higher realizations in US market. To that extent, our share, or, and volumes increase in other markets, the average realization for STL would come down. That is our current expectation, probably for Q2, and we would need to see how our volumes come back in US, as I mentioned, probably in Q3 or Q4. I think it'll be a function of these things. In our current quarter, our realizations specifically for cable, I can mention, continue to be steady. It has come down marginally, as I said, because of the mix slightly away from US but I still believe that looking at our focus, our priorities on improving our volumes which will be a focus for us going forward, we do see a good balance of other geographies as well. Bala, just to address your, you know, very specific questions on our gross margin, as I said, we continue to work to optimize our material cost, correct? By looking at the consumptions of key raw material, we have engaged the leading management consulting firm to help us out in terms of optimizing the productivity, in terms of ensuring the better yields. As well as we are also looking at, you know, the right prices for some of the key raw materials that we procure. Got it, sir. Sir, on that, apart from North America, any other countries, we are facing slowdown on that export side? Yeah. If you could, throw some light on that. Sure. That would be really helpful. I think we continue to see good demand in Middle East, in India, in parts of APAC. We have seen slight slowdown in Europe market, that we think should come back faster. Specifically, I think again, there it is linked to, you know, high inflation and high interest rates, which have taken some period of pause. Also, typically, we also seeing in Q2, for example, August month and parts of September, are also slower months in Europe generally, in terms of execution of projects. We're looking at these elements, but overall, I would say that we're still bullish on Europe market. We do expect that to bounce back. It is also a market where we have good amount of sales of our optical interconnect, so that's also something that we are bullish that will grow from H2 onwards. Okay, sir. Sir, on that, digital and technology side, we made this quarter INR 62 crore. We may see the same kind of run rate for next three quarters? I think what we can share about digital, definitely, as you can see, we are really getting good order book, good commitment from, you know, high quality customers, you know, particularly in US and other markets. I think that gives us confidence on the underlying business and the value we are creating for the customers. What I would say is, as we had shared last time also, our focus is to make the business break even by Q4. That's the current priority. And that will happen by further scaling up the revenue and covering the fixed costs and other costs. That's something that, you know, the leadership here, Raman, is focused on, and we are confident the way the orders are progressing and the customer conversations, that we should break even by Q4. Thank you so much, sir. That's it from me. Thank you. Yeah. Thanks, Bala. We'll take the next question from the line of Pratik Singhania. Pratik, you can ask your question now. Yeah. Hi, Ankit and Tushar. Good evening. Hi. Good evening. My question is with respect to optical fiber connect, interconnect business. As compared to what we had planned at the start of the year, and the actuals which are being reported, there's quite a bit of divergence into our expectation at the start of the year. What steps are we doing to rectify that? How can we grow this business further as compared to its full potential? Yeah, good question, Pratik. I think absolutely right. At some, in the past, we had looked at how do we scale up this business probably even faster. I think some of our learnings that we did share last quarter as well, is that the whole cycle that it takes from, you know, understanding the customer's problems, creating some unique innovation, creating the IP, getting that approved through the technical cycle of the customers, and then getting large scale, then trial rollout and larger scale rollout, I think that whole time period has probably been longer than we initially expected. We are much more mindful of the entire cycle now. Having said that, we are definitely in trials with various customers globally. It's one of those things where as more and more of our customers get comfortable and we successfully pass through this trial phase, we do expect, you know, good volumes to come up for the products. Another thing that we have done is very proactively invest both in the product development as well as the team development for this business. Very happy to share that we have got on board some very strong talent globally to help scale up this business. On the customer end, we are also adding resources who are very comfortable with this product portfolio, and really is looking at that package solution of cable as well as the interconnect together for our customers. I am confident that probably by Q3, Q4, we should see some improvement in sales. Certainly going into next year, we are even more confident that the sales will come up. I agree with you in summary, I think versus what we had thought of how this would scale up, there's been a lag. I think we've taken some of the learnings, and I'm confident of our actions, that this will start stepping up as we particularly go into H2 of this year. Based on the revised plan in terms of the scale and the execution, what kind of an exit quarterly run rate you see by, say, FY 2024 end and by FY 2025 end? We are not sharing that kind of forecast, Pratik, currently. What we had shared was about our vision of, you know, getting to a high attach rate, if you remember, in the past. Right. Versus that, as you can understand, today, we are at a 10% attach rate. What I can share is clearly our intention would be to scale that up. You know, we both see that as a important lever with our customers, and as we have shared, the margins on our interconnect are closer to 30%. There's clearly an intent to scale it up also from a bottom line perspective. Right. My question would be with respect to the consultant that we have hired. What kind of a conservative cost cutting initiatives that you have taken would result into and by when we can see the results percolating in our financials? We won't be able to share too many details, Pratik, but what I can share is that As I said, it's a Tier 1 consultant who has experience specifically working with us on optimization of all our costs, also looking at our consumption. We had shared in the past where we had certain, you know, raw materials and gases, which had high cost for us. We have been actively working with the consultant for few months now. We do expect some of these benefits to start flowing in H2 of this year, and some of it will come in quarter two as well. As we progress, we will share our overall cost improvements. We won't be able to share things directly linked to any specific consultant. If you can quantify how many bips of EBITDA margin you are envisaging because of this entire exercise of cost cut, cost initiatives? I think, you know, overall, you know, the entire management team is presently working on it. The kind of, you know, the savings that we have been looking at is some of the savings are under the evaluation stage. At this point in time, we will not be able to actually quantify in terms of that, whatever is the total savings that we, that we'll be able to generate. Because these are technical matters and which requires thoughtful evaluation before implementing any changes, correct? That's why, at this point in time, it is too early for us to quantify any kind of a savings that we are planning to accrue for this particular financial year. Definitely the team is working on it. There are different projects, different teams, which are working on various aspect, material cost, material consumptions, indirect spends. A lot of other areas that we have been working on to optimize the overall cost structure for O&B business. Okay. My final question, if I may push, one more. In terms of the business environment in US As compared to last concall, when we had discussed the environment to be a weaker for 2 quarters, as compared to last quarter, the scenario remains exactly the same, worse or better? Like, what is the. Yeah. Feel over there? Good question. I would say, I think on the positive side, there is more clarity now with the announcement of BEAD. I think that's clearly a massive quantum, $42.5 billion. There's more clarity now around which states will get what kind of allocation, how will the flow happen, and a lot of that will now start getting worked out. Clearly, we think, at least 20% of that quantum, there will be procurement and deployment starting to link to that, starting in kind of mid of next year. I think that's positive from a market perspective. Clearly, as we've said in the past, a vast portion of that will be directly optical fiber as the medium for connectivity. On the again, most of the telecom operators have reiterated their focus on optical fiber and fiber deployment, so we continue to track that very closely. I think what we had shared is that probably for two quarters at that point, we had shared that we see it taking time to go through the inventory. I would only add that that continues to be the case. Whether it's two quarters or three quarters is the only X factor in our view. We are watching that closely. We'll certainly update you probably in the next, you know, during the next set of results. Certainly nothing more has significantly changed. Our own interactions with customers remain very strong, as you would have seen with, for example, with our Windstream press release. Customers are really appreciating our product portfolio, our innovation, the fact that we are now manufacturing locally in the US and supporting Made in America. I think these things are going quite well for us. Great. Thank you so much for answering my questions. Thank you. Thank you, Pratik. Thanks, Pratik. We'll take the next question from the line of Mr. Kaushik Poddar. Kaushik, you may ask your question now. My question is with regard to the debt-EBITDA ratio of 3.5 that you have projected to be at 3.5 at the end of this year. No, Kaushik, I think, it is 2.5. That is what we are looking at targeting. 2.5. Sorry. Yeah, yeah. Yeah, it's 2.5. Will you be able to attain this with the current state of operation, or you have factored in a rights issue or something of that sort? Yeah. I think it's a mix of two things. One is with respect to our current operations. You know, it is mainly from the current operations at this point in time, because we are also working on cost optimization project and, you know, how effectively we are able to serve our customer in terms of the cost. That's, that's something that we have been working on. I think that also should start accruing over a period of time, and that should drive us in terms of, you know, generating better cash and should be able to reduce our debt. Similarly, we are on our GSB side, we have clear focus on execution. If we have been able to complete some of the projects in terms of a better execution, we'll be achieving some of the milestone, critical milestone. That also will be able to help us in terms of releasing some cash, which is blocked in some of this project. Those are the two levers that, you know, that should help us out in terms of releasing the cash and reducing the net debt to EBITDA. Also as some of the losses in service, IT services, in our digital business comes down. Yeah. To that extent, that would improve our EBITDA. You don't have any rights issue in the immediate future, right? As of now, we continue to pursue, but we have not factored in this particular working at this point in time. Okay. This US business, I mean, US is talking of, about, making India, making US products and all those things. Does that help you to, with your operation in US, do you stand a better chance in the bids that are to be bid out in next year or something? Yeah. I would say broadly, Kaushik, that's been the whole strategic intent of why we set up the cable factory there. It's really a world-class facility we've set up there. We're very proud of it. and the whole intent there was to provide, you know, world-class service locally to, you know, Tier 1, Tier 2 operators, hyperscalers, et cetera. That certainly, I would say, helped us in terms of our branding and positioning, and really providing that, you know, quick turnaround, quick service to the customers. Again, to reiterate, you know, customers like Windstream coming on board, and being proud of the partnership. That's the whole intent. Again, with projects, either with our current customers or large projects with BEAD, the whole intent is to support those projects through our local manufacturing. On the CapEx front, is the peak of CapEx behind us? From next year onwards, there will be hardly any CapEx. Is that the way to read? I would say, see, currently we are in that range. If you see, last year, we were in the range of about 400. Even this year, we had talked about 350, 400. But I think also linked to what Tushar just mentioned, looking very closely at our net debt, EBITDA, et cetera, we are reevaluating all the CapEx even for this year and going forward. We really want to make sure that, you know, we generate cash as a business and then can reduce our debt. I think those are elements that we are just balancing. But overall, the first priority is whatever capacity we have set up to make sure that we utilize those fully. Given the current lower volumes of Q1, et cetera, the first focus is to ensure we get the right customers, right orders, and we fill up our factories. Okay. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you, Kaushik. Thanks, Kaushik. We'll take the next question from the line of Mr. Sunny Gosar. Sunny, you can ask your question now. Yeah. Thanks for the opportunity. I had a couple of questions. First is on the US market. We were doing about INR 750 crore plus kind of quarterly revenue run rate in US, which has dropped below INR 450 crores in this quarter. Although I understand that the demand is soft, but how should we look at in terms of numbers? When this bounces back, say, like in Q3 or Q4, do we expect to go back to that INR 750 crore plus run rate? Second is this the bottom in terms of a quarterly run rate? It may not grow, but do you see that this is the bottom in terms of the quarterly performance in the US, specifically? Good question, Sunny. I would say it's, we're still watching the US market closely. I don't think we can say with definitive, you know, when the demand will fully come back, because I told you, it's a function of these three, four factors. How quickly do they deplete the high inventory that they have? Second is, how can they scale up their execution, which is a constraint, and then obviously their internal metrics around, you know, looking at the higher interest rate, et cetera, how quickly they want to deploy their capital. In principle, in our conversations with customers, the intent to roll out continues to be strong, so it's more a function of, you know, going through the inventory and the other elements. That's why what we have been saying is that it will be two quarters. What I just shared, you know, few minutes back, is that it could be up to, you know, one more quarter where it takes that kind of time. Also, when we look at some of our peers in the industry, that's also similarly what we understand, not only for STL, but also for our peers, that it could be even up to end of this calendar year, that it takes to complete to run through the inventory and the fresh ordering comes through. What I shared is that, you know, to your specific question, this is the time period it will take for us to get back our volumes. Principally, our customers remain committed with us. We are their preferred partners in many of the large customers. As we have been able to start supplying from our US facility to them, that will also increase. We do share a good relationship with the customers. What we are doing in the meantime is to ensure that, to saturate our facilities, we're looking at ensuring that we increase our volumes in other markets, like APAC, India and the Middle East. Got it. Just to harp on this a little bit more, basically, do you expect when, that whenever this bounces back, I'm not saying. Yeah. Q3, Q4. Sure. This bounce back will be to the older levels, or you feel that that may take a much longer time, like when you did more than INR 750 crores in a quarter. Yeah. From 450-750, will this bounce back be as sharp whenever that is to happen, or that? Sure. I think, you know, I would say, see, it's a function of both things, you know, volume and realization, right? I think both things we are looking at closely. There could be, again, it's a function of timing of the orders, other things. We could have some reduction in realization, but I think structurally, from a volume perspective, we continue to see that to be strong. Again, it's a function of how quickly the depletion happens, particularly with our large customers, both in Tier 1 operators as well as some of our distribution partners, we do see that volume coming back. Got it. Got it. Second question is on the optical margin. It's commendable that in spite of the operating deleverage, you guys have delivered, like a 22% margin on the optical side. If you can help me understand, like, what has changed? We were seeing improvements in quarters before that from the freight cost and some other cost elements reducing. How have, like, what has aided this improvement in spite of an operating deleverage? Once, say, your revenue goes back to your peak quarterly level, do we now look at a much higher base in terms of optical EBITDA margins going forward versus your earlier range of, say, 20%-22% that you had been guiding? Do we now, at a higher revenue base, look at much higher margins? I'll make one comment, and I'll pass to Tushar. I think it's two things we'll have to keep in mind, Sunny. One is, how will our realizations, particularly in US market, move going forward? That's what I was alluding to earlier. I think that's something, you know, today, we can't fully commit the same realizations. There could be some reduction in realizations going forward. That's something we just have to watch on where that could take us. I think the second part, overall, on margins, to your point, is also a function of how we see, you know, the interconnect scale up. May not be very substantial in H2, then it could further increase in, in the next year, for example. I just keep these two X factors in mind of what could also drive the margins, you know, going forward. Yeah. Sunny. To your specific questions, you know, I think this quarter also, in spite the fact that we have lower volumes and, you know, in spite the fact we have been able to improve on the overall margin. All our efforts are, you know, we are putting our all the efforts to ensure that we are at this kind of a margin, in spite the fact that we have the challenges maybe in terms of making the volumes. You know, as an organization, we are committed to maintain that kind of a cost basis, whether it is a direct spend or indirect spend, to ensure that we are able to maintain the right profitability for that particular business. Our approach is more disciplined as compared to, you know, in past. It is going to balance in terms of whatever we may have the impact in terms of realization. If realizations are at the current level, I'm sure that we'll be able to improve on the overall margins. That is what is my outlook. Got it. Got it. If I may, I have one more question. On the Global Services Business, we have again shown, like, very good margin performance. Again, some outlook on how should we look at margin. Yeah. Going forward? Is this the base going forward? Can we see some improvement, or this is the level that we should work with? Yeah. Going forward? Yes, I think there's two parts to it. You know, as we said, we are definitely focused on any projects we take on, whether private sector or in the public, we're very conscious of the margins and the cash. I think there's definitely a very strong discipline, you know, with CEO Praveen and his team for this business. I think that's something we continue to watch closely. I think we continue to see how we can, you know, keep these margins and see to improve them as well. The X factor, certainly for our services business, will be the BharatNet project, which we should have better visibility in the coming months. Clearly, you know, that will be a large, you know, three, four, five year, you know, execution that will, you know, that will happen, and then maintenance of that, you know, going forward. I think that's one X factor to keep in mind. I would, I would keep one caveat. We still have challenges with our UK business. We had talked about breakeven. It's been in that range of breakeven or marginal losses. That's something we're watching closely on how we can turn that around, that overall, you know, the profitability of services can also improve. I hope that answers the question. Yeah. Yeah. Thank you for the detailed answers, look forward to a strong turnaround in the coming quarters. Absolutely. Thank you. Thank you. Thanks, Sunny. We'll take a few questions from the chat in the meanwhile. Sure. which has come. One is on the digital business, When can digital business be EBITDA positive? Second is that, you know, can we give some more color on the strategic partnership that we have signed with SAP and Google, and what, how are we looking at it in the long run? Yeah. I think on the first part, as I said, we are looking at breakeven in Q4 and probably get to positive EBITDA in Q1. I think as we reiterated, we have a strong team in place. We have, you know, over 950 consultants. We have over INR 900 crores order book. I think all the investments that HCL has done into this business, you know, this is the right time where the, you know, business scales up and starts performing. We are, I think we're at that phase. I think specifically, you know, to your question, you know, in terms of the details of the business, I can just give you some more details. Essentially, we have tied up a partnership with, you know, SAP, which is a market leader in ERP. Essentially, the objective is to, you know, help our clients to upgrade to resilient future-proof and scale-ready operations. We are essentially enabling them to be, you know, cloud-enabled for their business modernization. Some of the key features of SAP, you might be aware with is, for example, you know, their RISE with SAP that they have. Essentially, the partnership, you know, pairs our digital services, you know, with C-suite advisory and strategic implementation along with SAP's market-leading expertise in enterprise software and cloud solutions. Sure. Thanks, Ankit. We'll take one more question from the chat. Can you talk about the working capital movement in the Q1? As you know that, you know, we have three businesses in terms of optical network, service business, and our digital business. Optical network and the service business is working capital light, while the major working capital requirement is generally for the service businesses. As we continue to execute and progress on some of the contracts that we have been awarded with, the initial, till the time we don't achieve those milestones, we continue to invest in the working capital. That all will get released once we start to achieve the milestone, which is required as per the tender condition. For this particular quarter, yes, we have made some investment in working capital for our GSV business. Sure. Thanks, Tushar. One more question in the chat is that, for the USA, how much time it will take to clear the inventory? Any data points, if you can give, that would be helpful. I think we touched on it. Broadly, as we said earlier in the last performance call, it will take two quarters. Our current view is it's somewhere between two to three quarters, is what we see. We're tracking, you know, announcements by our customers. In our conversations well, we're seeing how we can support them. At the same time, we ourselves are looking at other markets to increase the volumes. Thanks, Ankit. We take probably one last question from the line of Mr. Kaushik Poddar again. Kaushik, you can ask your question. Can you give us the rationale for this separation of the Service Business? Will the Service Business include your Digital also? No. Kaushik, this is a standalone, what we call our Global Services Business, where we do large-scale deployment of networks, and we do system integration, it's purely that vertical. Kaushik, we had shared the rationale last time. I'll reiterate and Tushar can add. Essentially, when we look at, you know, the businesses we are in, from our perspective, our customers, and then we look at various stakeholders, you know, looking at, you know, investors, and we look at what is the underlying capital model of the businesses. We clearly saw that, particularly when we look at the optical business, vis-à-vis the services business, these are fundamentally very different models. you know, where clearly a lot of working capital is required for the services business, vis-à-vis, you know, optical is essentially more CapEx heavy, needs more investment in the manufacturing. One business is, you know, fairly global, Tier 1 telecom operators, where we provide our cables and connectivity, and other is more system integration and more EPC kind of business. Also then looking at feedback from various stakeholders, we also realize that the investor base very often is quite different for these. Investor profile is quite different for these businesses. Clearly the intent is to scale up, you know, both the businesses, the optical business as well as services. Then we, you know, looking at feedback, looking at inputs and advice, we felt it's best to look at a demerger. Both the businesses would be listed separately as a one-to-one ratio. We do believe this will enable the right kind of investment into the two businesses separately, and will help to scale up both the businesses. That's at a high level, the thought process. We are confident, as we said, that probably by Q1 of next year, we should complete this process, and it will enable the growth of both the businesses. Digital is now part of this service business, right? No, that will stay with the current STL. Okay. Kaushik, the detailed scheme of demerger is already uploaded on the website, and it's also available with the stock exchanges now. Okay, thank you. Thanks for the clarification. Thanks, Kaushik. Ladies and gentlemen, with this, we come to the end of question and answer session. I now hand it over back to Ankit Agarwal for closing remarks. I'd like to thank everyone for attending this call, showing interest in our company, and we hope to able to address and clarify all your queries and comments. I'm personally very, very excited with how we see STL going forward. We really are taking an Indian brand globally and setting global benchmarks for manufacturing. We are really living through our purpose of, you know, connecting the unconnected and transforming billions of lives. I'm also very happy with our impact to how we're enabling our country to move forward on 5G, how we're supporting our defense networks, and we're connecting the remotest people of India on high-quality optical fiber. Very, very bullish on playing our own role to make India, and, you know, to take India forward. For any further comments, questions and discussions, please feel free to contact our investor relations team, which includes myself and Tushar. We really look forward to continuing the conversation with you in the near future. Thank you. Jai Hind! Thank you. Jai Hind! Thank you. Jayesh, you can stop the recording please.