Hello, everyone, and thank you for joining us for Heineken's third quarter trading update. My name is Lydia, and I'll be your operator today. After the prepared remarks, there'll be an opportunity for you to ask questions. If you have a question for the management team, please press star followed by one on your telephone keypad to join the queue. We kindly ask that you limit these to one question and one follow-up. I'll now hand you over to Tristan van Strien, Director of Investor Relations at Heineken, to begin. Thank you, Lydia. Good afternoon from Amsterdam, everyone. Thank you for joining us today for today's live webcast of our twenty twenty-four Q3 trading update. Your host will be Harold van den Broek, our CFO. Following the presentation, we will be happy to take your questions. The presentation includes forward-looking statements and expectations based on management's current views and involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, and it is possible that the actual results may differ materially. For more information, please refer to the disclaimer on the first page of this presentation. I will now turn the call over to Harold. Thank you, Tristan, and welcome everyone. Thank you for joining us today. We appreciate the interest in our company. Let me now take a few minutes to give you a summary of the quarter and then indeed open the line for questions. We posted a quarter of solid balanced growth. Despite some markets navigating known and new challenging consumers and industry trends, we delivered to our plan. The top-line delivery was well-balanced between volume and value, and our underlying premiumization trends remain strong. We also confirm and reiterate all elements of our expectations previously reported, including expected operating profit BEIA organic growth of 4%-8% for the year 2024. Let us now look at some highlights. Group net revenue beer was EUR 9.1 billion, an increase of 3.3% organically in the quarter, more than 5% year to date. Net revenue beer per hectoliter increased by 2.6%, for a large part due to inflation-led pricing in Africa and premiumization throughout the group. Beer volume was up by almost 1% organically, and our premium beer portfolio grew by 5%. Brand Heineken was up by almost 9%, consistent with our performance year to date. Unpacking the quarter three revenue bridge, we delivered an organic growth of EUR 268 million, or 3.3% net revenue beer. Total consolidated volume on an organic basis was up 0.7%. The underlying price mix on a constant geographic basis was up 3%, ahead of the net revenue beer per hectoliter. The difference is caused by a dilutive geographical mix impact, as the net revenue beer per hectoliter, for example, in Nigeria and India, is below the Heineken average. Mix declined slightly in the quarter as the positive contribution from premiumization was more than offset by an adverse channel mix, with the on-trade softer, especially in Europe. The translation of foreign currencies had a negative effect of EUR 470 million or 5.9%, mainly due to the devaluation of currencies in Africa, particularly the Nigerian naira and the Ethiopian birr, as well as in Latin America with the Brazilian real and the Mexican peso. Consolidation changes in net revenue BEIA reduced revenue by EUR 132 million, mainly from the disposal of Vrumona in the Netherlands and our exit from Russia. Our growth in quarter three has been balanced and shows our EverGreen strategy continues to deliver. Premium volume, as said, grew 5% ahead of our total portfolio. The growth has been delivered by a wide range of premium brands and extensions across our regions, including Kingfisher Ultra in India, Birra Moretti in Europe, and Savanna in Southern Africa, and of course, led by Heineken, which was up 9%. Additionally, our non-alcoholic beer and cider portfolio grew 11%, further consolidating our leadership in this segment. Let's now take a closer look at the regions. Let me start with Africa and Middle East. Net revenue beer grew 23% organically, with total consolidated volume up almost 6% and price mixed on a constant geographical basis of 14.5% due to strong pricing across the region to offset inflation and the impact of currency devaluations. In the region, we continue to structurally adapt to strengthen our business model, to profitably grow and win in a more volatile environment, as exemplified in the quarter by the recapitalization in Nigeria and rebuilding momentum in Southern Africa. Beer volume increased organically by 6.4%, with strong growth in Nigeria, South Africa, and Namibia, more than offsetting declines in Ethiopia and Burundi. Premium volume grew in the high teens, led by Heineken and Savanna. In Nigeria, we're building a sustainable business model to win in an at-present economically challenged market, yet we believe with long-term strategic prospects. In that context, Nigerian Breweries successfully completed a rights issue on the eighteenth of October, when Heineken supporting the offer and exercising its right in full. With a strengthened balance sheet, Nigerian Breweries will be in a stronger position to unlock future opportunities. In the quarter, beer volume grew close to 30%, with premium volume growth at double that rate, led by our dark beer innovation, Goldberg Black, Desperados, and Heineken. High inflation-led pricing in the quarter was needed to offset the significant devaluation of the Nigerian naira, as it stands currently, we anticipate Nigeria to be labelled as hyperinflationary at the end of the year. We will update the market at our full year results, but this may potentially trigger a non-cash impairment if it does occur. Now to South Africa, where Dolf and I were last week and came back confident in the solid progress that we're making. Total volumes in the quarter expanded in the low teens as we cycle last year's integration challenges, now firmly behind us. Beer volume grew in the low twenties, led by Heineken, Windhoek, and Amstel, and we built momentum behind our multi-category business model and delivered growth in all categories. We were pleased to see the Heineken returnable bottle landing well in the market. While there is more to do in our beer portfolio, our cider Savanna and ready-to-drink Bernini grew double digits, outperforming the market and expanding further into Africa. Moving to the Americas. Net revenue BEIA grew close to 2% organically, with total consolidated beer volume declining 1% and price mix on a constant geographical basis was just up over 3%, led by pricing and the continued premiumization of the portfolio. Beer volume growth in Brazil partly offset declines in Mexico and the USA, both of which are currently experiencing soft industry trends. Our premium portfolio grew by a mid-single digit, led by Heineken. The Mexican market has been less robust, with some short-term economic setbacks post the recent election, resulting in consumer expenditures being under increased pressure. Our market share remained broadly in line with the market, despite some short-term capacity constraints for cans, a fast-growing pack type. We nevertheless achieved solid volume growth in our affordable premium proposition, Dos Equis, and mainstream brands, Tecate Original, and Indio, a local brand rooted in Mexican pride. In Brazil, the premiumization of our portfolio continues. Despite pressure and discounting in the low end of the market, we continue to purposefully and actively shape our portfolio towards the more attractive premium and mainstream segments. Beer volume grew by low single digits, led by Heineken and Amstel, both up in the teens. We expanded our zero-alcohol portfolio with the launch of the vitamin-enhanced Sol 0.0, containing vitamin D and B, as you can see on the slide. In the United States, the well-publicized weakness in the market continues, though not in the 0.0 alcohol segment. Heineken 0.0 recorded double-digit growth as it delivered its twentieth consecutive quarter of growth. Now on to Asia Pacific. Net revenue BEIA declined slightly, with consolidated beer volume down by 1% and price mix on a constant geographical basis up 1.5%. Despite encouraging progress in our largest markets, the quarter was impacted by lower revenues in Cambodia, where local competition and promotional pressure intensified in a declining market. In Vietnam, beer volume reduced by a low single digits, trailing slightly, the beer market, which nevertheless shows further signs of stabilizing over the quarter. The off-trade beer market is back in growth, and we are seeing declines in the on-trade moderating. As the economy strengthens and the Decree 100 implementation is cycled next quarter, we are cautiously optimistic and expect a return to a stable beer market. Adjusting to the new market reality, which see consumers shifting towards mainstream brands and home consumption, we are increasing our investments behind brands and balancing the portfolio. While there is more to do, this more segmented approach is working. Heineken volume grew in the forties, led by the continued success of Heineken Silver, which recorded its twelfth consecutive quarter of growth. Our mainstream brands, Bia Viet and Bière Larue, grew in the double digits. In India, beer volume grew by a mid-single digit, continuing its growth momentum. As market leader in the world's most populous market, we continue to expand and develop beer-centric occasions and shape the beer category to unlock the inherent growth. Premium volume grew in the thirties, led by Heineken, Silver, Kingfisher Ultra, and Kingfisher Ultra Max. In China, Heineken grew in the twenties, with continued momentum of Heineken Original and Heineken Silver, significantly outperforming both the premium segment and the broader and also weaker industry. Finally, a word on Europe. Net revenue BEIA declined just over 1%, with beer volume increasing over 1%. Price mix on a constant geographic basis decreased 0.5%. However, it is worth a moment to emphasize that we maintained stable pricing across Europe, which was slightly offset by the mix impact of lower volume in the on-trade, third-party wholesalers, and intercompany exports. In a subdued consumer environment that is Europe at this moment in time, we are focused on remaining competitive by increasing investment behind our brands and balancing pricing with consumer affordability. This we achieved in the quarter as we grew volume and gained share in a majority of our markets. Premium beer volume outperformed, growing in mid-single digits led by Birra Moretti, Desperados, and Heineken, alongside next-generation brands such as El Águila in Spain and Texels in the Netherlands. We're also pleased that in the quarter, Birra Moretti became the number one brand in the U.K. off-premise. Let us now move on to discuss the Heineken brand performance in more detail. The Heineken brand continued to show great momentum and grew volume 9% with double-digit growth in more than 30 markets. The brand saw its strongest growth in our largest markets of Brazil and China, as well as noticeable growth in South Africa and Nigeria. The growth was supported by a solid performance of all its line extensions, with Heineken Zero Zero growing in all regions. Heineken Silver grew close to 30%, primarily led by Vietnam and China. Moving on to the last slide, our outlook. Reflecting our confidence in delivery and our commitment to invest behind growth and to future-proof our business, we confirm and reiterate our full year outlook as previously communicated. This includes our expectation to grow operating profit BEIA organically in the range of 4%-8%, and for organic net profit BEIA growth to be closely in line. As we spoke about at the half year results, we are currently materially stepping up investments in our brands, focused on our greatest opportunities for long-term sustainable growth. With that, I would like to open the line for Q&A, and thank you for listening. Thank you. Again, please press star followed by the number one if you'd like to ask a question, and ensure your devices are muted locally when it's your turn to speak. A kind reminder to limit yourself to one question and one follow-up only, and if you change your mind or your question has already been answered, you can withdraw yourself from the queue by pressing star followed by the number two. Our first question today comes from Edward Mundy with Jefferies. Please go ahead. Afternoon, Harold. Afternoon, Tristan. So one question, one follow-up. So the first question is, you know, really around Vietnam. So maybe you might be able to expand on your commentary that the market's made further progress in stabilizing. But what green shoots are you seeing? And given your efforts to rebalance the portfolio and increase market spend, do you expect to continue to close the gap versus the market into 2025? And then my follow-up, it's not lost on us that you've got probably the strongest balance sheet of the European brewers, and you're, you know, below your leverage target. Yeah, clearly investing behind the business is the key priority, but there's probably not that many growth businesses you can buy out there for under nine times EBITDA, which is your current multiple. Could you remind us of what parameters you, Dolf, and the board consider when you're thinking about buybacks? Thank you, Ed. Yes, an expected question, that second one as well, should I say. But let me first start talking about the business in Vietnam. I think what we're seeing is encouraging signs of further stabilization of that market. And in that stabilization, we do expect that the shift for the consumers to move from premium to mainstream is still there, but we also are very, very clear and happy to see that we're holding on to our main premium market share. This is an important metric for us. The second thing is that we also see that the shift from on-trade to off-trade is starting to stabilize. While it is not yet fully there, we do see that with an increase in economic prospects in Vietnam and potentially lapping the Decree 100, this trend will come to an end in the next quarter. Last but not least, as you heard me say many times around, we do believe that the long-term potential of Vietnam should not be underestimated. We're still very bullish on the long-term potential of Vietnam, particularly when economy is starting to recover and population trends continue, with more and more people migrating to urban zones. These are some of the market dynamics that we see, and we're encouraged with the trends that we see at macro in the beer market. What we also believe is important is to continue to invest in the strength of our brand portfolio in those respective segments. There is a reason why I'm calling out Heineken now for twelve consecutive quarters growing, because the premium segment continues to be in existence, and we would really want to protect our market share there. At the same time, this rebalancing of the portfolio has its own metrics of success, and also there, we see significant progress being made, particularly on Bia Viet and particularly on Bivina, and Larue in selected places is also starting to look better, versus the previous past. So to your point, we are closing the gap, as we see it, but in its relevant competitive battles. In aggregate, we still see a negative mix from the market moving from premium to mainstream, but we do see that tempering in 2025, which is why we're calling out that the market is stabilizing, and our performance is getting better, so that is part of the Vietnam question. I think to your point on the balance sheet, I think it's a really relevant question. As you know, our priorities are indeed to invest first and foremost in the organic growth of our business. Secondly, we're happy with a consistent dividend policy. The net debt to EBITDA ratio is something that we really value, and then there is always these inorganic opportunities that we always will consider because we would like to be part of the growth part of the beer industry. And last but not least, and certainly becoming more relevant today than it was in the past, is a potential for capital allocation back to the shareholders. I think this is now, as I said last time, a more active part of the dialogue, but as soon as we know more and have taken down decisions, we will communicate about that. And yeah, maybe it's a good time to ask that question again at our full year results. At the moment in time, we are really navigating the landing of twenty twenty-four. Great. Thank you. Our next question comes from Sanjeet Aujla with UBS. Your line is open. Hi, Harold, Tristan, a couple from me as well, please. Firstly, on Europe, can you just talk a little bit about how Europe has played out versus your expectations a few months ago? There's been a lot of noise about the weather, you know, consumer weakness as well. Maybe give us a flavor of how bad the on-trade channel was and to what degree that was, weather or consumer. You spoke a little bit about balancing pricing with consumer affordability. Against that backdrop, is it reasonable to assume muted pricing in Europe to persist? So that's my first question. Follow-up, just really on the COGS outlook for 2025, given where your hedges are in place, can you give us a feel for how the COGS outlook is shaping up for next year, particularly including transactional effects in Mexico and Brazil? Thank you. Yeah. Sanjeet, I've heard you. I'm just writing the questions down, so I'm not forgetting them. So, look, the expectations in Europe, maybe it's good to take a step back. At the start of this year, when we issued our full year guidance for twenty twenty-four, we basically said that we would expect in twenty twenty-four to continue to operate in a macroeconomic environment that was uncertain, and in particular, we were a bit concerned with the state of the economy, frankly, particularly in Europe. And therefore, first and foremost, we knew that after a period of high pricing to cater for that inflation, it was important to bring, let's call it, the industry back to growth, and to make sure that we restore competitiveness, first in our own portfolio, and then secondly, as beer, as compared to the wider alcobev industry. So that was our main job to be done when we went into twenty twenty-four, and we've made our plans accordingly. This is also why you're hearing us talk about moderating pricing and to increase competitiveness in the markets where we feel we are not competitive, like we've done, for example, in the Netherlands, or where we are responding to some competitive moves, like in the case of Italy. We want to do that without, in a way, disrupting the progress that we're making to restore the health of the beer category in general. So we believe that a better way to compete is building good brands and building innovation, like we've done with Cruzcampo in the UK, rather than just pressing the promotion button, because it basically commoditizes the category. This is not what we want to do. So our expectation from the outset was a softer consumer sentiment in Europe and a need to restore category health, and within that, brand portfolio health in Europe. In that context, and I called out the weather specifically in June, because frankly, it was a perfect storm at that moment in time, and this was not meeting our expectations. But in quarter three, we returned back to that balance that we sought at the outset. So I cannot say that our quarter three expectations in Europe are miles off versus our internal plan. This is pretty much on plan, and we believe that we're actually pretty happy with the market share progress that we're making. So we don't want to blame weather every time that we have a conference call. So yes, September was rainy. I, I also experienced that myself, but that is not going to be a determining factor like it was in, in June, when, of course, we had two sports festivities, the start of a summer and a high investment to start that summer as good as it could be expected, and that was a perfect storm that I wanted to single out. That is not the case, in this case, with our quarter three results in Europe. What we do see is that consumers are holding in there. We're actually pretty pleased with the pricing, the net pricing that we're generating in Europe, which is broadly stable after, you know, a double-digit price increase last year, but we do see that, particularly in the on-trade, consumers are careful about how and where they spend the money. And you heard me say before, is that people drink better, but they drink less, and that is still the case also in quarter three. So off-trade was better, on-trade was actually slightly below. And I do believe that this dynamic will not go away in the near future. We do believe that muted prices, to your point, will continue to exist because all of us are really trying to be prudent in pricing and really invest behind category growth and building the right portfolio in order to drive volume growth. And that's our priority number one that we have in Europe. I hope... I think it's a super relevant question for our biggest region, and that's why I wanted to do some justice to it, but I hope I gave you sufficient context there. The COGS outlook for 2025 is a bit early to give you a full perspective, and therefore, we will give you a proper outlook with our full year results in 2025. But let me just give you two or three pointers there. The first one is, we have made no changes to our commodity hedging strategy. So we're now about 70% covered for 2025, where we can cover, right? Because not all of our commodities and our contracts can be covered. For example, the energy market is not fully open to cover. Secondly, a bigger part of our inflationary pressure in twenty twenty-four is coming from the African markets, where we have a lot of local-to-local sourcing, and with devaluing currencies, this also has inflationary pressures that brings with it, and we frankly believe that this will continue into twenty twenty-five. To your point on transactional Forex, I think I mentioned in the capital markets conference in September, that we are well hedged into our transactional Forex, particularly for Mexico, where we took a slightly longer term view, which, you know, in a way, is not a bad situation to be in at present, and that is a bit more normalized in Brazil. So we do see transactional foreign exchange, foreign exchange exposure in Brazil, a little bit more favorable in Mexico. But a fuller outlook on input cost guidance, you will get at our full year results. Very good. Thank you, Harold. Thanks, Sanjit. Next in queue, we have Simon Hales with Citi. Your line is open. Thank you. Hi, Harold, hi, Tristan. Firstly, Harold, can you just talk a little bit more about Mexico and give us a bit more color on the trading environment there? It looks like the market has clearly slowed a little bit in Q3. But what are the main drivers of that? Are you seeing weakening consumer confidence, and how should we think about returning volumes back to growth, perhaps either in Q4 or into twenty twenty-five? That was my first. And then secondly, just to follow up on your comments around Europe, just so I'm clear, you said you expect the kind of revenue per hectoliter headwinds that we've seen in Q3 to persist going forward. Does that mean you expect revenue per hectoliter probably to remain negative through Q4 and into twenty twenty-five? Or is it more the fact that as channel mix and the share of the on-trade, even in Q4 eases, that you should see some improvements in revenue per hectoliter in a stable pricing environment? Yeah. Hey, Simon, that's... Thank you, and thanks for the questions. Let me start with the latter, because it builds on Sanjeet's question on Europe as well. Look, we're currently in the middle of our planning process in Europe, so I'm not going to be too specific on forward-looking statements on revenue per hectoliter. So I'm just gonna give you some color rather than a precise direction. I think it's quite important to distinguish between the three components of revenue per hectoliter. The first one is indeed operating company and channel mix, right? Because we're competing market by market, and if that means that we're selling a little bit more in Poland and a little bit less in the U.K., then, in a way, as long as we are competing effectively in those markets, we're good to go with that, right? It's the opco mix that then drives those results, not necessarily the profitability of Europe, because we do have local footprints as well. The second part is this, and I do think that that shift, that opco mix shift, is not going to be a big factor into twenty twenty-five. The second one, which is going to be a continuing factor into twenty twenty-five, weather dependent, of course, is the whole shift of off-trade growing and on-trade continuing to be more subdued than what we saw in two thousand and nineteen. And we believe that is a trend that is not reversing itself in the foreseeable future, simply because of the outlook of consumer confidence, the consumer spendable incomes, and what we see is the number of outlets in the on-trade that are becoming less and less. So that is a permanent factor that we need to take into account, or at least a permanent for the foreseeable future. Let me not make it too permanent. And the third one is really the intercompany effect that came into play, which you see in the revenue per hectoliter, but it's not really a... That's just intercompany volumes. That is also not a market reality that affects the profitability or the revenue growth in Europe. So I do want to nuance that. I think the on-trade is the relevant factor. I think the price stabilization, including revenue per hectoliter, that we are seeing and which I'm calling out as pure pricing, is something that we find is a good result in twenty twenty-four, and we're trying to do a little bit better into twenty twenty-five. But the on-trade mix is something to work on for the longer term, not for the shorter term. Maybe that's perhaps decomposing that a little bit more on the European growth strategy that we see. The second one is on Mexico and the Mexican trading. First and foremost, we really believe that also here Mexican is a very big important market for us, and we are long-term having quite some confidence that this market will continue to grow because of its underlying dynamics… right? There is good GDP growth, there is population growth, there is a stable, competitive set, and therefore, we believe in the long-term growth potential here. We also are pleased that we are broadly maintaining share in this market, despite the fact that we have some shortages on the canning, which is a pack type that seems to be very popular at this moment in time, and which we are addressing. We have, however, experienced a slowdown of the industry, which we attribute to a weaker economy at this moment in time, with many of these factors actually temporary in nature. There was some post-election nervousness because of a change in administration that paused social programs, reducing income for many of our consumers, and we're also observing a delay in foreign direct investment, because people are uncertain about the outcome of the U.S. Elections in the next couple of weeks. Remittances have been a bit slow in the last quarter because of unemployment of the Hispanic cohort in the U.S. And of course, I never blame weather in the short term, but Mexico was affected by four hurricanes in the past quarter. So some of these indicators are more in the short term relevant than on the long term in Mexico. So we believe that this will revert. We also believe that we are right to focus on maintaining market share and hopefully growing that, because we expect the market to bounce back and return to growth. Very helpful. Thank you, Harold. Thanks, Simon. The next question today comes from Mitch Collett with Deutsche Bank. Please go ahead. Hi, Harold. Given we're nine months into fiscal twenty-four, can you just give a comment on the breadth of the guidance range? Four hundred basis points seems quite a lot of uncertainty with three quarters of the year behind us, and perhaps you could just give us some additional color on what factors would see you land at the top or bottom end of that range. And then, my related follow-up is, you know, what are the puts and takes for margins in the second half? Clearly, you've cited higher marketing as a drag, but can you comment on input costs and any other line items that might mean that margins are down organically year on year in the second half? Thank you. Yeah, so thanks, Mitch. Look, we debated about what to do with the guidance range, but I think the most important signal that we want to give in our quarter three trading update, and also with this call, is that we are in control of the controllables and do not want to bring any surprises at this moment in time. We've listened to the feedback, and basically really want to be consistent and predictable, and that is what we're aiming to signal. The fact that we're therefore calling out, that we're reiterating and are confident in our guidance, is exactly meant to do that, is to say that we've got a clear line of sight of what the range is, of our operating margin guidance range. We are firmly on track with our growth savings, but we've also indicated at the half year that we will be stepping up the investments, particularly compared to a lower base in 2023, in order to really invest behind the markets with potential that we see for the longer term, including some of the discussions that we just had on Europe, in order to reinvigorate the category and continue to win market share, and we're trying to balance those two. So we're very consistent in what we're striving for. We're also quite consistent in our investment and in then our delivery, and that is what makes us, yeah, confident into the 4%-8% range without feeling the need to update as at this moment in time. Which makes, of course, your question about what are the goalposts both to the top and to the bottom relevant. I think there are basically two factors. The first one is we've also seen that there is a continued uncertainty in the world, which we are navigating. You will have read in our comments also the fact that Cambodia is currently a very hotly contested market, but we're able to sort of absorb that in the totality of our portfolio, and secondly, I don't need anybody to be reminded of the fact that we've got a geographically dispersed footprint with big summers coming, both in South Africa, in Brazil, which are, you know, two of our biggest and most important markets, so you also know that we're reporting China with two months today. Now, our Heineken business is doing very well, but the total industry is somewhat softer there. So those are some of the considerations that we put out there, that we want to be consistent, we want to continue to invest behind our brands and future-proofing the organization, and we want to deliver in line with this guidance, irrespective of a good or a less good summer in some of the markets that I've just called out. Thank you, Harold. Thanks, Mitch. Our next question, it was from Glenn Cross with BNP Paribas. Please go ahead. Your line is open. Hi, Harold. Hi, Tristan. A couple of obvious questions from me. Could you update us quickly on the competitive environment, particularly in the value segment of the Brazilian beer market? Have you seen any reduction in the aggressive pricing behavior? And my second question is just on the no alcohol business, which saw quite good growth in the quarter. Could you give us an update on how big that business is as a proportion of total beer and, you know, potentially where you see that heading over the midterm? Thank you. Yeah. Thanks, Glenn. Both very relevant questions for us. So, you will have seen indeed in our Brazil section, that we are continuing to drive the strategy that we feel is successful already in the long term, which is really building premium brands and mainstream brands in the Brazil market. Has been proven a considerable success for us for the last couple of years. And just for the people on the call who perhaps don't know that, but we have now got more than 70% of our total portfolio fully converted into mainstream or premium segments. We're still 30% in the below mainstream segment, and that was the other side, the way around six or seven years ago. So we've made a massive portfolio shift. Now, part of that portfolio shift has also translated to better financials. Because you will have seen and recollect from the half one results, that the profit growth in the Americas has been really, yeah, very, very encouraging, and that is to no small extent delivered by our Brazil business, who now has scale and the right portfolio to contribute to the margins of Heineken. So that shaping of the portfolio is something that we believe in and continue to invest behind. For example, with big plans around the upcoming Formula One in São Paulo with the Heineken brand. It is also important to note that actually the fastest growing segment is still the premium segment. While the economy has stopped declining with the actions from Petrópolis, which you refer to as the competitive end at the lower end of the spectrum, it stopped declining and is now back to growth. The fastest growing segment is still the premium segment, which is where we continue to lean on and invest in. It is true that Petrópolis is taking share both from us and from ABI, particularly in volume, of course, and we are very intentional about where to compete and where we do not compete. Unapologetically, we are also saying that we are not going to compete if that really destroys our profitability. Brazil is a large market with a complex infrastructure and a huge transport differences. So we really are calculating almost city by city, brewery to city footprint, about how and where to compete in the value segment, and that is our strategy that we're now accelerating in order to make sure that we don't bleed share too much in that segment. So that is about the competitive environment. Do I believe that that will temporize at some point? I do, because also there Petrópolis has to lap their growth, what they've already gained, but that is not something that we currently see happening in a hurry, and that means that we need to adjust our competitive strategy, as I just discussed, without defocusing from our portfolio strategy that is working. That is not a compromise that we want to make. We are therefore not reducing pricing. We are not discounting our premium propositions. We are competing with Petrópolis in the regions, in the sectors, in the cities that we see fit, with preservation of our financial model. On the no alcohol part, at this moment in time, the no alcohol part is about 4% of our portfolio, and we do see acceleration in many markets. For example, in Europe, but also, for example, in the U.S., and it's now starting to happen in Brazil, where Heineken Zero, but now also Sol Zero, is gaining some level of traction. We do believe that this category, which has been growing about 6% on average in, since two... Since, what was it? Two thousand and eighteen will continue its growth trajectory, and we believe that, you know, over the next foreseeable future, this could double to about 6% or 7%, so increase by about 50% to about 6% or 7% of our total portfolio. We have high hopes for the non-alcohol portfolio. Thanks, Glenn. Thank you very much. Thank you, and our final question today comes from Trevor Stirling with Bernstein. Please go ahead. Hi, Harold. Two questions from my side, please. The first one, just on this 0.0. I saw that the Heineken brand was up, what? 9%. Total non-alc beer was up 11%, but Heineken 0.0 was up 3%. And whether is that... Do you think that's permanent change of momentum between the relative sectors, or was just a bad quarter for Heineken 0.0? And perhaps a bigger picture question to finish. You know, with Q3 under your belts, some signs of stabilization in Vietnam, now you're looking forward to 2025. What do you think about the business and momentum more broadly based? Yeah. No, thank you. So first, and thanks for the question on 0.0 as well, is no, we don't believe that this is a permanent new trend. We believe that there's more potential about it. It was indeed a poor quarter. It was singled out in some of the markets, none of which I should bore you with, because otherwise, frankly, you read too much into this. It was just a matter of not being in the right place at the right time with the right investment in some of these markets, but nothing that structurally worries us, so we do believe that this will pick up in the quarters to come. Now, more to your, to your more, let's call it, fundamental question, is about how do you feel about your markets and what is your outlook for the performance? I think the way that I read the newspapers, but also have my own conversations with peer group companies, we do believe that on macro level, it continues to be, let's be careful about the market outlook. We believe that the macroeconomic stability, but also the geopolitical stability, is no different than where we went into twenty twenty-four, and at the same time, we also have heard loud and clear that predictable, consistent delivery is something that we aspire to and also is expected of us. Our ingoing position in 2025 is cautious on the external environment and be quite bold on our internal ambitions, including generating funding for growth, because we will have to invest behind our brands, our customers and the category health, in order to make sure that beer is loved and relevant as people make their trade-offs in how they spend their money. Now, there are some positive signs that I don't want us to read too much into, but at the same time, I also don't want to be too negative about the environment looking into 2025. First and foremost, I return to Europe. It was super important for us to basically see stabilization of volumes and returning to growth, and we're delivering upon that. We're also doing that in a context where we know that consumer affordability becomes a bigger part of people's considerations, and we're doing that with price adjustments where it's needed, but more importantly, with structural investment behind brands and by driving innovation. Like, for example, the Birra Moretti across multiple parts of the world, the El Águila, the Cruzcampo in the UK, and people enjoy discovering new beers in their bars, as I'm sure you do as well, Trevor, and this is something that we believe is a continued recipe for success as we start to unlock the growth in Europe. Secondly, we do see that in Brazil, our premiumization strategy continues to work. We had double-digit growth with Heineken. We had double-digit growth in Amstel, and we're finding ways to respond to the value segment, as I just alluded to with Glenn. So we believe that Brazil is going to be an engine of growth for the future, and we will see continued investment going in Brazil to capture that growth. To the point, Vietnam is stabilizing, and we have really started to be now more agile in how we adjust our portfolio. At the upper end, not only with Tiger and, but also with Heineken, becoming an ever bigger presence there, but also with the economy... with the mainstream, let me not say economy, with the mainstream brands in our portfolio, where we are very targeted and seeing some of the promising signs of early success. And as I said, two more things to call out. Dolf and myself were pretty encouraged coming back to Southern Africa. Not to say that we don't have a massive competitor that really is very determined, but more and more we learn how to compete, and we really see that we have a path forward, which is pretty clear. And India continues to be a fantastic opportunity for us for the longer term, and it's very encouraging to see that the industry, the beer industry, continues to motor, huh? Another 5-6% volume growth in the industry is large, and that premium is now starting to grow in the 30s. So while on average, or in aggregate, I should say, it's cautious on the outlook, I do believe that we have both levers to pull in order to create a predictable and consistent performance into 2025. But more of that in a few months. And with that- Thank you very much, Harold. Thank you for taking it. Yeah. Thanks, Trevor. Thank you. And with that, I think we come to a close. I'm not sure there are any remaining questions. If not, then let's leave it at this. Let me thank you for taking the time to listen, to engage, and to be, hopefully, supporters of our beer, if not of our stock, and I hope to see you soon out there in the market in real life. Thank you very much for joining the call. This concludes our call today. Thank you for joining. You may now disconnect your line.