Good day, and thank you for standing by. Welcome to the Wolters Kluwer Half Year 2022 Results webcast and conference call. At this time, all participants are in a listen only mode. After the speaker's presentation, there will be a question and answer session. To ask a question during the session, you will need to press star one one on your telephone. You will then hear an automated message advising your hand is raised. Please be advised that today's conference is being recorded. I would now like to hand the conference over to your host, Meg Geldens, Vice President, Investor Relations, to begin today's conference. Please go ahead. Thank you, Sandra. Hello, everyone, and welcome to the Wolters Kluwer Half Year 2022 Results c all. Today's results release and the slides for this presentation are available for download from the investor section of our website, wolterskluwer.com. On the call today are Nancy McKinstry, our CEO, and Kevin Entricken, our CFO. We're all dialing in remotely from various locations, so thank you in advance for your understanding in case we experience any delays. Nancy and Kevin will shortly discuss the important features of our half year results. Following their comments, we'll open the call to your questions. Before we start, I'll remind you that some statements we make today may be forward-looking. We caution that these statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated in the statements. Factors that could affect Wolters Kluwer's future financial results are discussed in note two of today's release and in our 2021 annual report. As usual, in the presentation today, we will refer to adjusted profits, which exclude non-benchmark items. We also refer to growth in constant currencies, which excludes the effect of currency movements, and we refer to organic growth, which excludes both the effect of currency and the effect of acquisitions and disposals. Reconciliations to IFRS and further information can be found in note four of today's release. At this time, I'd like to hand the call over to our CEO, Nancy McKinstry. Thank you, Meg. Hello, everyone, and thank you for joining us on this call. In keeping with our usual practice, I will start by giving you a brief summary of our first half achievements, and Kevin will then take you through the financial results in detail. After that, I will come back to discuss divisional developments, review our recently launched three -year plan with some examples, and finish off with an outlook for the remainder of the year. Let's start with our achievements on slide four. I'm pleased to report that we had a good start to the year with a strong performance across all four divisions. We delivered 7% organic growth and saw a significant increase in the adjusted operating profit margin, which reached 28.2%. This drove an 11% increase in diluted adjusted EPS in constant currency. Adjusted free cash flow was down slightly in constant currencies, but this was entirely as expected and partly due to timing. Return on invested capital increased to 14.8%. Our balance sheet remains strong, allowing us to increase cash returns to shareholders. We also made progress on our new strategic plan, including several ESG areas. Expert solutions, which are products that deliver a combination of expert content and workflow automation to drive improved outcomes and productivity, performed very well, up 9% organically. A growing proportion of these solutions are cloud-based software, which grew 20% organically. We increased product development spending to 10% of total revenues and have this year been rolling out several exciting AI-based product enhancements. Our HR teams around the world have been very active in their efforts to attract and retain talent while advancing employee belonging and diversity. Last but not least, we have in recent months developed a roadmap to start aligning with the TCFD and have made progress in assessing our global carbon footprint. Now let me hand it back to Kevin, who will take you through the financials. Thank you, Nancy. Let's start with the financial highlights on slide six. First half revenues were EUR 2.6 billion, an increase of 7% in constant currencies. Organic revenue growth was 7%, marking an improvement on the prior year and better than we had expected. Adjusted operating profit was EUR 734 million, an increase of 10% in constant currencies. The adjusted operating profit margin improved by 130 basis points to 28.2%. This increase reflects strong operational gearing and favorable currency mix. Diluted adjusted earnings per share increased 11% in constant currencies. Diluted adjusted earnings per share in reported currencies benefited by the stronger U.S. dollar and increased 23%. Adjusted free cash flow was EUR 497 million, a decrease of 4% in constant currencies, reflecting lower cash conversion and a higher cash taxes paid as we expected, and some unfavorable timing. We continue to expect an increase in adjusted free cash flow for the full year. Net debt to EBITDA was 1.3 x lower than a year ago. Now let's take a brief look at the divisions on slide seven. All four divisions delivered strong organic growth. Health grew 6% organically, slowing from 8% a year ago as expected. Clinical Solutions saw an acceleration in organic growth, but Health Learning, Research and Practice decelerated against a challenging comparable caused by last year's edition of the ASCO publishing contract. Tax & Accounting reported 9% organic growth compared to 6% a year ago. This strong performance was driven by software and benefited from a number of timing and non-recurring factors. Governance, Risk and Compliance reported 6% organic growth, accelerating from 2% a year ago. The pickup was driven by financial services, which grew 7% compared to a 6% decline a year ago. Finally, Legal and Regulatory delivered 6% organic growth versus 4% a year ago. EHS & ORM saw a significant improvement in growth driven by license fees and implementation services for the Enablon software platform. Let's move to slide eight, which will show our revenues by type. The chart on the left of this slide shows organic growth for our recurring revenues, which make up 81% of the total. On the right, you see organic growth for our non-recurring revenues, which make up the remainder. Of the recurring revenues, digital and service subscriptions, shown in blue, make up 73% of group revenues. This important revenue source grew 8% organically, sustaining the strong momentum we saw in the second half of last year. Looking at our non-recurring revenue streams on the right, in total, these grew 6% organically, but the trends were mixed. The largest component, other non-recurring revenues, is primarily software license fees and related implementation services. Here you'll see a very nice recovery of 8% organic growth in the first half. In contrast, you'll see a sharp deceleration in organic growth in legal services, transaction revenues in our GRC division. It was 3% in the first half compared to 18% a year ago. GRC financial service transactions, excluding revenues associated with the PPP program, grew 14% organically compared to 6% a year ago. Including the PPP program revenues, this revenue declined 2% compared to a 20% decline a year ago. Let's turn to division margins on slide nine. The adjusted operating profit margin increased by 130 basis points to 28.2%. This margin increase was driven by strong operational gearing and favorable currency mix. The margin development was better than we had expected, mainly due to the stronger than expected organic growth, the recent and rapid appreciation of the U.S. dollar, and the slower than planned ramp up in spending and hiring. Now let's take a look at the rest of the income statement on slide 10. Adjusted net financing costs were EUR 42 million. This includes a EUR 13 million net foreign exchange loss related to the translation of intercompany balances. We had a similar loss a year ago. The benchmark tax rate on adjusted pre-tax profit increased by 30 basis points to 23.8%. As a reminder, for the full year, you will see a more significant change, as last year's full year benchmark tax rate of 21.5% was reduced by a one-time release of tax contingencies following the successful closure of tax audits. Adjusted net profit after tax was EUR 527 million, up 10% in constant currencies. Lastly, diluted adjusted earnings per share increased 11% in constant currencies to EUR 2.04, reflecting the increase in adjusted net profit and lower weighted average shares outstanding. Now let's take a look at cash flow on slide 11. As expected, our cash conversion ratio returned to a more normal level in the first half, 96% versus 107% in the prior year. This was due to lower working capital inflows, largely as expected and partially a matter of timing. In addition, CapEx increased to EUR 139 million, an increase of 23% in constant currencies, reflecting increased investment in product development. Interest paid was EUR 42 million, similar to a year ago. Cash taxes increased by EUR 48 million as expected to EUR 175 million. Summing this up, adjusted free cash flow was EUR 497 million, down 4% in constant currencies. Now a few comments on how we deployed the cash flow on slide 12. Dividends paid to shareholders amounted to EUR 264 million. We spent EUR 71 million in acquisitions, largely related to the acquisition of IDS in governance, risk, and compliance in April. Cash deployed for share buybacks in the first six months totaled EUR 302 million. We ended the first half with a slight increase in net debt compared to year-end 2021. Nonetheless, our balance sheet remains in very good condition, with a leverage ratio of 1.3 x. I'd now like to discuss the dividend and the 2022 share buyback program. Let's turn to slide 13. As is our rule, the interim dividend for 2022 was set at 40% of the prior year total dividend. This means we will pay out EUR 0.63 per share to shareholders in September. Earlier this year, we announced a share buyback program of EUR 600 million. Today, we're announcing an increase to this program of EUR 400 million, which will bring the total buyback to EUR 1 billion this year. Given our performance and the state of our balance sheet, we believe this level of share buybacks leaves us with ample headroom to support our dividend plans, to sustain investment, and to make selective acquisitions. As of August second, we have spent EUR 356 million on share repurchases, so we have completed over a third. We now have signed mandates to complete the remaining EUR 644 million in buybacks in the next five months. Let me sum up before I hand back to Nancy. Moving on to slide 14. Stop it. Shh. We're very pleased with the strong performance in the first half. Organic growth was 7% with Expert Solutions up 9%. The strong organic growth, operational gearing, and favorable currency mix helped drive the first half margin up by 130 basis points. Adjusted earnings per share increased to 11% in constant currencies, reflecting the strong operating results and lower share count. Adjusted free cash flow in constant currencies declined slightly, as expected, as we return to a historical cash conversion rate and absorb higher cash tax payments. Our return on invested capital improved to 14.8%. With our balance sheet remaining in a very strong condition, we have increased this year's share buyback program to a total of EUR 1 billion. I'll now hand it back to Nancy to cover divisional developments. Thank you, Kevin. I'll start with a review of the half-year performance of our four divisions. Let's begin with Health on slide 16. Health achieved 6% organic growth, slower than a year ago due to the large contribution from last year's ASCO publishing contract win. The adjusted operating profit margin increased, mainly reflecting operational gearing and the ongoing mix shift from Clinical Solutions. Clinical Solutions delivered 8% organic growth led by UpToDate and our drug information solutions, which saw good renewals and new customer wins. Emmi, our patient engagement solution, also posted high single-digit organic growth, largely driven by new customer wins and upselling. Learning, research, and practice recorded 4% organic growth, down from 11% a year ago. In medical research, Ovid achieved good organic growth, driven by subscription renewals and product innovation. In the learning and practice arena, we saw continued strong growth in digital learning solutions for nurses. Print books and Health increased 42% organically, better than we expected, largely driven by restocking and timing of orders. Now let's move to slide 17 to talk about Tax & Accounting. In Tax & Accounting, organic growth was 9%, supported by software growth and a few non-recurring factors. The adjusted operating profit increased, reflecting operational gearing, partly offset by increased investment. Corporate Performance posted strong organic growth of 9%, led by CCH Tagetik, which sustained double-digit organic growth. Note that we've brought our U.S. corporate tax unit together with CCH Tagetik and Vanguard to develop synergies in the North American market. Our professional Tax & Accounting businesses taken together recorded 9% organic growth. North America benefited from favorable timing and non-recurring items, but nevertheless saw very strong accelerated growth in cloud-based revenues driven by renewals and upselling of new modules. Engagement, our external audit solution, also performed very strongly. Europe saw good organic growth across all countries, driven by recurring software maintenance and cloud subscriptions. Here we continue to build out our cloud and hybrid cloud solutions for European tax professionals. Turning to slide 18, governance, risk, and compliance recorded 6% organic growth. The adjusted operating profit margin was broadly stable as operational gearing was offset by higher investment. Legal services grew 6% organically. CT Corporation recorded good but slower organic growth with transactional volumes facing a challenging comparable. Enterprise legal management posted significantly improved organic growth driven by higher non-recurring fees. Financial services achieved 7% organic growth, up from a decline of 6% last year. Compliance solutions recorded 4% organic growth, led in part by strong performance in the eOriginal business. Lien Solutions, which is now part of our corporate solutions unit, enjoyed 19% organic growth. Financial & Risk, which supports banks with regulatory reporting and risk solutions, posted robust organic growth compared to a modest decline last year. This performance was mainly driven by an increase in professional services. Now let's turn to Legal & Regulatory on slide 19. Legal & Regulatory revenues grew 6% organically. Adjusted operating profit increased largely due to operational gearing and underlying cost savings. EHS & ORM, and legal software delivered 20% organic growth compared to 4% a year ago. This acceleration was driven by Enablon, which had a strong first half in on-premise software and implementation fees. Legal software tools, mainly Kleos and Legisway, delivered steady double-digit organic growth. Legal & Regulatory information solutions recorded 3% organic growth, driven by growth in its digital information products, which were up 7%. Print revenues, which now make up 21% of the unit's revenues, returned to historical rates of decline. Now I'd like to update you on the early progress we've made on our reach, recently launched three-year strategic plan with some examples. Let's move to slide 20. At the start of this year, we kicked off our new three-year strategy, which consists of three priorities. First, we intend to accelerate our expert solutions. We plan to focus our investments on expert solutions as cloud-based products and on transforming selected information products and services into expert solutions which deliver higher value to our customers. Our second priority is to expand our reach. We will extend into high-growth adjacencies along customer workflows and adapt products for new segments. We will continue developing partnerships and ecosystems for our key software platforms. Thirdly, we intend to evolve our core capabilities. We intend to strengthen certain central functions, mainly in sales and marketing and in technology, to meet the operating requirements that come with the shift to expert solutions. We also intend to advance our ESG performance and capabilities in the areas that are most relevant and material to our business. Let me highlight some examples that demonstrate how we're putting this strategy into practice. Turning to slide 21. Many of you have seen this slide before. This shows our total software revenues and the proportion that is cloud or SaaS subscription revenue. First half of this year, total software revenues grew 9% organically to reach EUR 1.1 billion or 44% of group revenues. Our top software products are listed on the right. Nearly all of these software products are available either as on-premise solutions or cloud-based applications. Cloud software products now represent over 1/3 of the total software revenues and grew 20% organically. We expect the transition to cloud to continue steadily in the coming years as these platforms offer significantly more benefits to our customers. We will continue to invest heavily in cloud to drive growth. Now let me update you on one of our biggest and most successful cloud solutions on the next slide. As many of you know, CCH Axcess is our award-winning cloud-based tax preparation, compliance, and workflow management platform. It is today still the only comprehensive and integrated cloud-based suite available in the U.S. market. As a single unified platform, it brings customer benefits such as increased productivity, improved accuracy, and greater insights. We felt it was worth updating you on how much this solution has progressed over the past few years. We've been investing continually to advance functionality, adding several new modules in the past year. We launched with six modules 10 years ago, but today customers can subscribe to 13 modules, all easily accessed through the integrated dashboard. Two of our newest additions are CCH Axcess Validate and CCH Axcess Marketplace. CCH Validate is exciting because it relies on patented technology that leverages blockchain to help CPA firm auditors fast-track banking confirmations. With this solution, the authorization part of the audit process is reduced to just a few clicks, taking five minutes or less. This compares to hours, sometimes days, using the traditional methods. In 2021, we released CCH Marketplace. The CCH Axcess open APIs allow for easy technology integration into the platform for clients' own internal data and third-party solutions for online payments, staff scheduling, and cryptocurrency management. In the first half of 2022, CCH Axcess delivered double-digit organic growth in revenues as U..S CPA firms migrated to the cloud with Wolters Kluwer. We expect revenues for this cloud platform to overtake those of the on-premise version in early 2023, which will be a very important milestone. Let's turn to the next slide. Product innovation is fundamental to our business and has been a core part of our strategy for almost two decades. Our consistent approach to product investment, even throughout the pandemic, has led to a raft of exciting enhancements that are currently being rolled out in the market. Many of these enhancements are based on advanced technologies, including machine learning, blockchain, robotic process automation, and even virtual reality. Let me highlight two examples. One is the new vSim for Nursing. This provides new content for advanced medical, surgical, and critical care, and uses highly realistic scenarios in a virtual simulation to develop students' critical judgment skills for these situations. The new version adds very lifelike patient graphics and an updated dialogue feature to practice active listening skills. These advancements give students an even more realistic simulation of the clinical experience and prepares them for practice. Another example is our OneSumX ProViso product recently released by GRC. This solution applies robotic process automation and natural language processing to our deep expert content to help financial institutions more effectively manage regulatory change. I am delighted by the number of new ideas that our teams are coming up with as part of this year's Global Innovation Awards program. The majority of these ideas incorporate some form of AI technology. This bodes well for our innovation pipeline and illustrates the strength of our employee engagement. Now let me wrap up with an outlook for the remainder of 2022. As indicated in today's release, we have updated our outlook for 2022. We are modestly more optimistic about organic growth this year, notably in Tax & Accounting and Legal & Regulatory. We do still expect organic momentum to slow in the second half. We are raising our guidance for adjusted operating profit margin to 26%-26.5%. We are raising our guidance for full-year diluted adjusted EPS in constant currencies to mid- to high-single-digit growth. Along with that, we've increased our guidance for ROIC in reported currencies to 14%-15%. We are reaffirming our guidance for adjusted free cash flow in constant currencies as this figure has been broadly in line with our expectations so far this year. Now let me finish up with outlooks by division. In Health, we continue to expect full-year organic growth to slow from 2021 levels, mainly due to the absence of a contract win the size of the ASCO titles. Adjusted operating profit margin is expected to improve year-over-year. In Tax & Accounting, we expect organic growth to accelerate from 2021 levels and the adjusted operating profit margin to improve. In GRC, we continue to expect organic growth to slow from 2021 levels, mainly due to an expected decline in transactional revenues in the second half. The adjusted operating profit margin is expected to improve. Finally, in Legal & Regulatory, we now expect organic growth to improve on 2021 levels. The adjusted operating profit margin is expected to decline modestly due to the absence of the one-off pension amendment recorded last year. Thank you very much for your attention. Operator, we can now turn to questions. Thank you. As a reminder, if you would like to ask a question or make a contribution on today's call, please press star one one on your telephone keypad. Questions have been submitted. Please stand by while we retrieve the first caller's details. We will now take the first question. The first question comes on the line of Nick Dempsey from Barclays. Please go ahead. Your line is open. Good afternoon. I've got three questions, please. The first one, when I look at the organic growth of Wolters Kluwer, RELX, Thomson Reuters all improving, in an inflationary environment, do you think inflation is helping your ability to persuade the same customers to pay more when it comes to a renewal, even if you're not officially pushing through a kind of list price increase? Second question, over time, you've rarely seen an improvement in organic growth in one year but then a dip back to a lower growth level the following year. Almost never. You're pushing up your comments on organic growth for this year without actually putting a figure on that. Are you confident that you can maintain that higher level of growth in the years beyond 2022, assuming no macro weakness? The third question, in terms of just second half progress in GRC, you pointed to some difficult comps there. You did do 11% organic growth in the second half of 2021. Wasn't that only high because of the really easy comp in the second half of 2020? Should you really be seeing a tough comp effect in second half 2022 in GRC? Thanks, Nick. I'll take the first two and then ask Kevin to comment on the transactional trends we're seeing in GRC. If you look at the question about inflation and pricing, if you look at the 7% organic growth and look at the components, the largest share of that is coming from new selling and upselling, as well as higher retention. Of course, price, we do have price increases that affect the recurring part of our business. We price to value. We have been investing, as you know Nick, heavily in product enhancements, et cetera, so that when we go out to renew, the customers can see the increase of the value, and that is correlated with the price increases that we get. The 7% is largely new and upselling, improved retention, and then of course the transaction revenues, and then price kind of filters through that. The question around, you know, is the maintenance of higher levels of growth. I think that I would point to two things, two metrics that we look at, you know, consistently. One is the expert solution part of our portfolio. You know, it's now 56% of total revenues, grew 9%. The second is our digital services and products and services, which again, 93% of total and grew 8%. You know, very good sustained levels of growth in those areas that we've seen over the years that we have been able to achieve, and it speaks to how the strategy is really working to deliver higher levels of growth. That's the plan. You know, you know, we don't give growth guidance, so we're not suggesting that the absolute numbers, you know, remain at that level. The notion that we're getting to sort of year-on-year higher levels of organic growth performance is really driven to this, the strategic mix shift that we're seeing as we continue to transform the business. Kevin, you wanna talk about transactions in GRC? Yes, happy to. In GRC, we did have a very strong second half last year, which is part of the reason why we are guiding towards some tough comparables as we go into the second half this year. Transactions held up quite well in the first half of the year, maybe a little bit better than we originally expected. We did see a slowdown in those transactions in the last couple months of the second quarter. As we move into some uncertain times with regard to the economic dropback, we do expect transaction revenues to come under pressure, as they typically do when we face you know an economic situation which is weakening. Right. Just to jump in there, Kevin. The last two months of the quarter, the last couple of months of Q2, do you think that slowdown is macro-related? I know it's a complex set of transactions. Could there be other things at play for that slowdown? Well, as we noted in our comments, the transaction revenue performance was mixed overall. We did see some slowdown in mortgage transactions, but we did see growth in corporate lending transactions. Overall, when we look at all of them together, legal transaction revenue as well as financial transactions revenue, you know, the indicators are pointing to a slowdown, and that is in fact tied to the economic circumstances that we'll be going into. Okay. Thanks very much, guys. Thank you. We will now take the next question. Please stand by. The next question comes on the line of Matti Littunen from Bernstein. Please go ahead, your line is open. Great. Thank you. First question on cloud organic growth. It looks like it's accelerated from last year's number against a bigger base. Could you just share whether the underlying growth drivers there are the same as you just went through for the other subscriptions, namely upselling the primary driver, or are there any other components that are different for cloud? Second question on Legal & Regulatory. Now you've had some product reshuffling in that division. You've had the name change of Cheetah to VitalLaw. Could you give us a bit of an update on, you know, was this more than a rebranding? And you know, how do you see the competitive landscape for that VitalLaw product? Then last question, it looks like a big improvement in Emmi's growth rate. I remember you saying before that Emmi was, you know, maybe suffering a little bit from the US healthcare market not developing the way you were hoping for. But has that changed or are there other drivers behind that sort of improvement there? Thank you. Okay. In terms of cloud, organic growth, the drivers there, it is primarily new sales. We are scaling, you know, many of our solutions like Enablon, Tagetik, et cetera. Upselling, so it's kind of this land and expand strategy where a client buys one module and then we upsell them, you know, the whole suite. All of these solutions have multiple modules. I use the example of CCH Axcess now has 13. Enablon has something like 10 or 12 as well. So that upselling component is very much a driver of growth. Then, you know, continuing to expand the new products. So, you know, offering things like Validate. Some of the things I highlighted in the presentation are a portion of the growth. The largest growth comes from new sales and upselling for cloud. On the L&R VitalLaw, this is an example of transforming our information products into higher value expert solutions. It's more than just a rebranding. We did the same thing in the Netherlands where the product was previously called Navigator, and we launched something called InView. These products tend to have more advanced technology functionality, whether it's predictive analytics or AI. So the products are different as we advance them. In the US though, we are still a specialty player compared to, you know, Westlaw and LexisNexis. You know, that has not changed. Within the specialties where we lead, you know, we are improving the offering through VitalLaw. Then on Emmi is growing well in 2022. That is largely a result of a lot of the changes we've made in both product enhancements and different kinds of products that speak to that market around both patient education and patient engagement and, you know, improved cross-selling. It's not so much that the market has changed at all for these solutions, it's more about what we've been doing to our product offering. Very helpful. Many thanks. Thank you. We will now take the next question. The next question comes from the line of Matthew Walker from Credit Suisse. Please go ahead. Your line is open. Thanks a lot, guys. Can you hear me okay? Yes, we can hear you. Thanks. I've just got two questions. The first is, could we take it that the EUR 1 billion buyback level is an appropriate level, for, you know, the following years, or is there anything unusual about this year that would make it drop down, for next year and the years beyond that? On the margin increase, in the first half, how much of it came from the, you know, the less hiring and how much came from other factors like, FX and operational gearing? If you could just parse it out, that would be helpful. Kevin, do you wanna take both of those? Sure. I would say, let me start with the margin first. With the increase of 130 basis points on the margin, approximately 40 basis points came from the strengthening of the U.S. dollar, Matthew. With regard to the remainder of it, you know, certainly the good performance in organic growth is flowing through to the bottom line in a meaningful way. As well as cost savings programs are also underway to help us mitigate increases in cost and inflation. And as we have mentioned, hiring has also been a challenge for everybody in the world right now, Wolters Kluwer as well. It's taking longer to fill some open positions, and the knock-on effect of that is there is a bit of an uplift on the profit. You know, it is a mix of those with currency being about the 40 basis points of it. With regard to share buybacks, obviously the strength of our balance sheet and the predictability of our free cash flow give us the confidence to raise the share buyback program from EUR 600 million to EUR 1 billion. We do expect to complete that this year, by the end of the year. With regard to what may or may not happen for 2023, obviously we'll have more to say about that as we deliver full year results. Bring that up again in February. Okay. Thank you very much. Thank you. We will now take the next question. The next question comes from the line of Sarah Simon from Berenberg. Please go ahead. Your line is open. Yes. Good afternoon. I just had one question, which is about competition for UpToDate. I was reading about a kind of Chinese-sponsored diagnostics platform called AskBob, and just wondering, clearly that's not gonna impact your U.S. business today, given you've got multi-year contracts and so on. But are you seeing them in any of your pitches internationally? Just generally, can you talk a bit about the competitive environment for UpToDate, please? Sure, Sarah. UpToDate is very unique. There is nothing in any market in the world that is truly a comparable product. UpToDate covers 23-25 specialty areas with deep experts that you know work only on behalf of Wolters Kluwer to create the content, and we are again adding lots of new functionality and features every year. I would say truly a unique product. I've not frankly heard of AskBob in China, so it may be something that's newly come out. For anybody to try and catch up with the depth and breadth of what has been created at UpToDate, it would be extremely difficult. There are, in some markets like the U.S., there are lower priced. Products that try and compete but do not have the level of depth of coverage or the kind of decision-making functionality that we have in UpToDate. So there are a few alternatives, but I would say again, they really don't compare. Customers that select that, it's really driven by, you know, budget considerations, and they kind of try and make do with it even though it's not a comparable product. Great. Thanks a lot. Thank you. Once again, as a reminder, if you wish to ask a question, please press star one one on your telephone. We are now taking the next question. It's coming from the line of Sami Kassab from BNP Paribas Exane. Please go ahead. Your line is open. Thank you very much, and good afternoon, everyone. My first question would be on renewal rates. Nancy, you referred to higher renewal rates as a driver of higher growth, but you've never disclosed that metric. Could you be a bit more specific on renewal rates across divisions and perhaps discuss where they are the lowest and what division has perhaps the strongest upside in terms of improving renewal rates? Secondly, in February when you guided and provided your initial guidance, you had expected a certain ramp up in hiring and spending. Today you are suggesting that this ramp up was slower than you had expected. What drove that? What made you change your hiring policy? Is it more cautiousness on the macro environment and the transaction revenues, or is it because you're struggling to find the available talent at the desired salary point, or is it because the top line is actually growing faster, and hence perhaps you need to spend less on marketing and you need fewer people than you had initially expected? Why the slower ramp up in hiring and spending? Lastly, tax accounting. In North America you had a 10% organic revenue growth, probably a 20-year high or so, but you also had some factors that were one-offs and that contributed to the 10%. Can you discuss whether that perhaps 9% is the new medium-term growth rate for the tax division or what should we really read through the H1 number? Is it kind of a 7%+ some timing, or was it a 8% plus 1 point of timing? Can you please help us gauge the impact of one-offs and non-recurring items in that very strong performance in Tax & Accounting, and especially in North America? Thank you. Okay. Sami Kassab, I'll take the first and the last question and ask Kevin Entricken to talk about spending and what drove that. On renewal rates, you know, the reason we don't disclose the numbers is obviously we have them by product, and we have thousands of products, and the average is frankly not all that meaningful to anybody. Where we are seeing the improvement on renewal rates, it's largely in what I would call our info solution products, and it speaks very much to these investments we've been making to make these products more expert solution-like. We have very high retention rates overall in software. You know, if they're eking, you know, sort of inching up, it's, you know, and it's already at a very high level. In the info products, which typically were maybe sort of mid-80s, we are now seeing those rise to higher levels. Again, that is helping to lift, you know, not only Legal & Regulatory, but some of our performance in health learning research and practice where we have a lot of these kinds of products. That's on renewal rates. Then on Tax & Accounting, they did have some recurring revenues. We have a tax transaction business in North America where we service CPA firms that wanna outsource the preparation of some of their tax returns, and that's part of the transactional part of what we do in North America. That helped drive the good 10% performance. With that said, we are seeing very good performance in cloud and in software overall. That level of software growth will continue, you know, as we continue to invest both in cloud and also launching some of these new products. If you look back in time, the software growth in North America has been sort of in that 6%-7% kind of range. I think that will continue to be supported again, and again, our goal is always to increase organic growth through again these new products that we are driving and the fact that cloud now has 13 modules, and so we really have a very strong environment for upselling. Kevin, do you wanna talk about the ramp up of spending? Sure. On spending, I would say our hiring, we are finding that just filling positions is taking a little bit longer than we originally expected. This is a metric that Nancy and I review with the divisions on a monthly basis and with our HR team. We've made significant investments in our recruiting program, our recruiting team, as well as investments in Wolters Kluwer in general. I mean, we've got very high engagement scores. We're investing to make sure that we continue to have high engagement scores, as well as investments in diversity, equity inclusion programs. I think we're doing all the right things, but as you're probably hearing from other companies as well, you know, it is a tight labor market and we're competing. I think we're successful, but it is taking just a little bit longer than we originally thought. I think the other category, just real quick to chime in, is travel. You know, we expected travel to come back more than it has, and so that's also again, an area of cost that is ramping more slowly. Thank you, Nancy. Thank you, Kevin. Thank you. We will now take the next question. Please stand by. The next question comes from the line of Lisa Yang from Goldman Sachs. Please go ahead. Good afternoon. Hope you can hear me okay. Thanks for taking my questions. A few clarification points on the margin. So you mentioned in H1 the FX benefit on margin was 40 basis points. Could you maybe share with how much you're baking it in your guidance for the full year, so the 20%-26.5%, are you baking any FX benefit there? That's the first question. The second question still relates to the margin. You're obviously giving a range of margin outcome for the year, which actually implies quite a big range in H2. I think anywhere from something like 20 basis points increase to more than 100 basis points of increase in the second half. Could you just maybe help us understand, like, what's driving that sort of range, especially in the second half? Which division are you expecting to see maybe a greater range of outcomes, or you maybe baking in the range of assumptions on the hiring or investments. Any color I think on that would be helpful. The third question and sorry if it's highly theoretical, but just thinking about the cyclicality of businesses, and clearly, you know, Wolters Kluwer is very resilient, and I think the transactional bit might be maybe a bit more cyclical. I'm just wondering, like, you know, if you go through the main divisions, which areas would you expect to see most at risk? You mentioned transactional, but I'm just wondering whether there are any other end markets, any regions where you would expect to see more meaningful slowdown into next year as the macro gets into negative growth. Would 2020, for instance, be a good sort of proxy in terms of what the worst-case scenario could be for Wolters Kluwer? Thank you very much. Yeah. Kevin, do you wanna take the margin questions and then maybe I'll start on the economic resilience question, and then you can add your comments as well, but. Sure. I would say on the margin question with regard to guidance and what our view is on FX, obviously we don't predict what the FX will do moving forward, so we're kind of taking a spot rate assumption. Obviously, if the U.S. dollar were to strengthen or to weaken, you know, that would play into it. We are confident in the guidance upgrade that we've given you today. We think that's the right place for you to be. As far as the margin range is concerned, I do expect in the second half, certainly I do expect to fill positions at a greater rate. You know, we've worked hard on that and made some investments there. I do expect that we will see fewer open positions as we get to year-end. Other investments that we will be making, we'll continue to invest in product innovation, but also some projects that we're working on around the organization. We will continue some operational efficiency projects. We're also investing in some HR projects, and we've got some outside help to help us with some of our ESG work that we are doing. We do expect costs to increase in the second half of the year. Then on the resiliency question, you know, I don't think 2020 is the right year to look at because the pandemic had such a strange effect on the business. If you go back in time to the global financial crisis, I would say a couple of remarks. One is we are more resilient than we were back then. We now have 81% of our total revenues that are recurring. We have a much you know, we're virtually a digital business, which again, is a more resilient business. I think that the retention, seeing the retention rates continue to improve, I think speaks well to our positioning. Where would the economy, the economic downturn affect us? It's clearly in our transactional product lines, primarily in the GRC business, which is, you know, got both the financial services transactions and the legal service transactions. It will likely also affect new sales kind of broadly. That's much harder to predict. Books, it generally also affects books, but that's a very small part of what we do right now. I think the resiliency of the company is very strong, and I think if I look across the enterprise, you know, we have the market positions have never been better in my tenure. That speaks to the focus on expert solutions and the focus on investing in our core products with new enhancements and all of these new technologies that we talked about this morning. Great. Thank you very much. Thank you. We will now take the next question. Please stand by. The next question comes to the line of Henk Slotboom from The IDEA!. Please go ahead. Your line is open. Hello, Nancy, Kevin, and Meg. Thanks for taking my questions, and congratulations on a set of very decent, impressive results. Nancy, I'm looking at slide 21 here, and it's obvious that the cloud-based software is outgrowing the rest of the software business. Is it fair to assume that there is a margin difference, that the cloud-based software has a higher margin and that the superior growth there will further drive margins going forward? No, not yet. In fact, our on-premise software products have higher margins today. We are still scaling software. You know, the comment on CCH Axcess as the cloud version of Axcess becomes bigger than the on-premise version, that's where the margins cross, meaning that's where they meet. Today, in fact, you know, we are investing in both platforms, right? We keep our foundational products, these on-premise products healthy, so there's still some level of investments as we're clearly investing in the cloud. Cloud is still scaling, so the margins are higher generally on premise, and it will take some time for us to reach these crossover points. We have baked all of that into our guidance and we know when we expect them to cross over and all of that, so we have the analytics behind all of this to have a good sense of how we manage the margins as we're migrating. Perhaps a follow-up, if I may. Yeah. Is there a lot of migration going on from on-premises to cloud, or are you addressing a new group of clients primarily with the cloud-based software? Yeah. It's really more the concept of migration and then upselling, right? Because the benefit in the cloud is significant for our clients. All of these products, again, have many modules, both on premise and in cloud. We get more uptake of a client- Yeah Buying more modules when they migrate to the cloud. That's one of the reasons why we want them to migrate in the cloud. When we are first to market, so for example, in North America where we've really been the only player since we launched, there we have actually gained market share. In many markets, you know, the retention rates of everybody are pretty high, so it's the share gains are not the most significant part of what's growing. It's really about migrating and then upselling. Now, in some of the newer markets like Tagetik and Enablon, that is all largely new customers, right? If you look at some of the core Tax & Accounting products, it's coming from migration and upselling and some new clients. In some of the newer products, it's largely new clients. It sort of depends on which product line we're talking about in terms of how much comes from migration versus new. Thank you. Thank you very much. Yeah. Okay. Thank you very much. Thank you. There are no further questions, so I will hand you back to your host to conclude today's conference. Thank you very much. I wanna just say, really appreciate all your questions and your attention and wish you all a great rest of your day. Thanks a lot. Bye bye. Thank you for joining today's call. You may now disconnect.