Thank you for attending today's Archer Aviation Q2 2024 operating financial results conference call. My name is Bethany, and I will be the moderator for today's call. All lines will be muted during the presentation portion of the call, with an opportunity for questions and answers at the end. If you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad. I would now like to pass the conference over to our host, Eric Lentell, with Archer Aviation. Please go ahead. Good afternoon, and thank you for joining Archer's earnings call. This is Eric Lentell, Archer's General Counsel. On the call with me today are Adam Goldstein, our founder and CEO, Mark Mesler, our CFO, and Tom Muniz, our CTO. On the call, we'll be making forward-looking statements. Those forward-looking statements are based on assumptions as of today, and we undertake no obligation to update the statements as a result of new information or future events. These statements involve risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements. For more information about those risks and uncertainties, please refer to the risk factors in our SEC filings. We will also discuss both GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures on today's call. A reconciliation of those GAAP to non-GAAP financial measures is included in our shareholder letter and earnings release from today. With the legalese out of the way, I'll turn the call over to Adam. Thanks, Eric. Since founding Archer, we've been focused on finding the most capital and time-efficient path to bringing electric aircraft to market. Our team is unified around the same goal of commercializing our Midnight aircraft, which is designed to safely and quietly carry passengers above traffic on short emissions-free flights across cities all over the world. Over the last few years, our team has been hard at work putting in place the building blocks to make those flights an everyday reality. On this call, I will focus my discussion on the maturity of our engineering, the expanded manufacturing partnership with Stellantis, and our go-to-market progress, all centered around the goal of commercializing Midnight over the next 18 months. This quarter, we accomplished so much, so please take the time to read our shareholder letter we released earlier today. In June, we completed Midnight's first transition flight. Let's remember, Midnight is an approximately 6,500-pound maximum takeoff weight aircraft. It is, I believe, the largest eVTOL aircraft ever successfully transitioned. It's one thing to accomplish this with an approximately 4,000-pound aircraft. We've done it for years with Maker, but it's far more challenging to do this with a 6,500-pound vertical takeoff and landing aircraft, which we think is critical to supporting a sufficient payload for aerial ride-sharing and other use case economics. As Midnight continues to mature, we are rapidly advancing our certification efforts. In the U.S., we've reached two key regulatory milestones this quarter, both of which are necessary to unlock a viable path to achieve FAA certification. First, the FAA finalized Midnight's airworthiness criteria, enabling us to move forward with the final stages of the type certification process. Alongside this, we have shared that we have started to build our fleet of six aircraft with systems that conform to these requirements so that we can continue for-credit testing with the FAA. Second, we received our Part 135 certificate, which enables us to operate an eVTOL airline in the United States once Midnight is type certified. This will enable Archer to deploy aircraft in key markets on behalf of our domestic airline customers, such as United and Southwest. In parallel, we are also rapidly advancing our certification efforts in certain international markets, including India, Korea, and the UAE, where we see a unique opportunity for expedited deployment, potentially even in advance of the U.S. I'm super proud of the progress that we've made, and I believe the commercialization of electric aircraft is further ahead than many people realize. As we've shown significant technical progress through our flight testing and manufacturing build-out, the investment community and our strategic partners continue to support Archer. Today, we announced an additional equity capital raise, taking the total we have raised since the end of Q2 to $230 million. Combined with our $360 million of cash at the end of Q2, this raise maintains our strong capital position as we advance towards commercialization and industrialization. Today's fundraise was led by institutional investors as well as our partners, United Airlines and Stellantis. Stellantis continues to be a cornerstone partner with over $300 million invested in Archer to date, including $55 million just last month. In 2019, when we first started working with Stellantis, or Fiat Chrysler at the time, our collaboration was focused on conceptual designs for our aircraft's interior and cockpit. Now, after almost five years of demonstrating our advanced technology and proving our capabilities to the Stellantis management team, we are honored to have Stellantis as our largest investor, and I'm lucky to have Stellantis CEO Carlos Tavares help me navigate the challenges of commercializing this business. Together, our teams have been hard at work constructing our high-volume manufacturing facility, which we anticipate completing by the end of this year. We chose to partner with Carlos and his team because of their vast experience in manufacturing vehicles affordably at scale all over the world. We always envisioned a future where Stellantis would spearhead manufacturing, allowing Archer to focus on designing, engineering, and bringing to market the best aircraft possible.... Today, we're announcing that we've agreed in principle on the key terms that will cover the next phase of our partnership with Stellantis, a multifaceted contract manufacturing relationship which strengthens our capital-light strategy. As part of this, in addition to the approximately $300 million that Stellantis has invested in Archer to date, under the contract manufacturing relationship, Stellantis would fund up to nearly $400 million in labor and CapEx to help us scale Midnight manufacturing of up to 650 aircraft annually. This is expected to cover our labor cost for the planned manufacturing ramp through 2030. In exchange, on a quarterly basis, we would issue Archer shares to Stellantis based on the labor cost incurred in that quarter. This also includes Stellantis contributing up to $20 million towards the initial incremental manufacturing CapEx needed to scale production. I'm confident that this evolution of our relationship will increase the odds of us being successful while simultaneously reducing our capital needs over time. This is an exciting new chapter with Carlos and the Stellantis team. Once we've manufactured these aircraft, we'll need to ensure each has a home. You'll see in our shareholder letter that we've made tremendous progress on that front. We continue to see strong demand for Midnight across the world, and today I'm excited to announce the newest addition to our now nearly $6 billion indicative order book: a planned purchase of 116 aircraft from Future Flight Global. Future Flight Global was founded by members of the core leadership team at Titan Aviation, which has been operating business jets worldwide for over two decades. This planned purchase represents the potential for over $500 million of revenue. Future Flight Global made an initial deposit when we signed the MOU, and it is anticipated that they will make significant pre-delivery payments when we sign the definitive aircraft purchase agreement, which we expect to complete this year. We're excited to work with Future Flight Global to bring a new solution to market for their passengers, which include prominent executives and celebrities, to provide connectivity across destinations in Europe, Southeast Asia, and the Middle East. It's not enough to just build our order book. We also need to lay the foundation for where these aircraft will fly. Earlier this quarter, we showcased a detailed plan for our air taxi network in the San Francisco Bay Area. This network predominantly leveraged relationships we've built with existing aviation infrastructure operators across Silicon Valley, Napa, and the East Bay, including our partners, Signature Aviation and Atlantic Aviation. In addition, we revealed our plans with Kilroy Realty for a bespoke on-water vertiport in the heart of South San Francisco, near some of San Francisco's largest tech companies, including Genentech and Stripe. We also announced plans to develop operational concepts for a joint air taxi network with Southwest Airlines, California's largest air carrier by passenger and flight volume, operating at 14 airports across the state. By combining Southwest's California airport hubs and frequent intrastate flights with Archer's planned network, the goal is to offer Southwest passengers even faster door-to-door journeys. Routes like Santa Monica to Napa could take less than three hours, nearly half of what they can take today. Today, we unveiled our plans for our air taxi network in Los Angeles. L.A. commuters spend over 100 hours every year stuck in traffic, and that's not counting the drives they decide to skip because they didn't want to spend the time in traffic. This planned network includes takeoff and landing locations at Los Angeles International Airport, USC, Orange County, Santa Monica, Hollywood Burbank, Long Beach, and Van Nuys, alongside our partners, Signature and Atlantic Aviation, as well as United and Southwest Airlines. We're also working closely with the Los Angeles Rams in Hollywood Park, the 300-acre district centered around SoFi Stadium. This is particularly exciting with major sporting events coming to the area: the World Cup in 2026, the Super Bowl in 2027, and of course, the Summer Olympics in 2028. Each of these is expected to bring unprecedented levels of traffic to L.A. in the coming years. The University of Southern California is also engaged to be part of Archer's planned LA network. Over the next two years, Archer and USC will develop plans for converting USC's existing heliports for Midnight and other vertical takeoff and landing aircraft. We are very excited about the progress we are making on our domestic air taxi routes and networks. Our focus, as you can see, has largely been on leveraging existing infrastructure as an extension of our overall capital-light approach to getting to commercialization. I also want to share more about how Archer is planning to deploy the aircraft that we plan to manufacture next year. We increasingly see an opportunity for expedited launch internationally, where we have decided to partner with key players in each market. In the UAE, we have continued working closely with the country's aviation regulatory agency, the GCAA, who has already spent significant time with our team and at our California facilities to chart a pathway for expedited commercialization across Abu Dhabi and Dubai as soon as 2025, under the same final airworthiness criteria that the FAA published early this year. In parallel, we are making rapid progress on infrastructure across the country, working together with the Abu Dhabi Investment Office and our partners, Falcon and Air Chateau. Together, with our progress in India and Korea, the team continues to work all over the world to establish the routes, infrastructure, and government support necessary to ensure that we're ready to deploy Midnight aircraft as soon as they come off the line.... Finally, I want to share more about our progress with the United States Air Force. Last year, we announced the largest eVTOL contract yet by the U.S. Department of Defense for a maximum value of up to $142 million. Today, we're announcing that as part of that, we recently delivered our first Midnight aircraft to the United States Air Force. In order to unlock this delivery milestone, our Midnight aircraft first had to pass the DoD's required military airworthiness assessment. Following the delivery, a team of U.S. Air Force personnel worked alongside Archer to perform flight operations, including executing simulated medical evacuation, cargo, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance flights. This is just the beginning of how we can unlock our ability to do more with the U.S. government over time. And I personally believe that 6- 9 months from now, the industry will be heavily leaned into the opportunities at large here to offer the military avenues to augment their fleet. I'm proud of the work our team has accomplished this quarter, and I'm grateful for the continued support from our partners. Advancing a new industry is not easy because there's no playbook to do so. We're building the playbook here at Archer as we race towards a future of electric aviation. Thanks for joining us on this journey, and with that, I'll hand it over to our Chief Technology Officer, Tom. Thanks, Adam. The Archer team continues to execute at an impressive pace. As Adam discussed, in June, we successfully completed Midnight's first transition flight. The team accomplished this goal in a little over 7 months from Midnight's first flight last fall. This was almost twice as fast as the time it took us to transition Maker. Having helped to lead 8 full-scale eVTOL programs over the course of my career, I can confidently say our rapid progress is a testament to the talent and experience of our team. The transition flight was just one of many test flights our team completed this past quarter. Year to date, we've completed over 230 flights, and we're on track to reach our goal of 400 flights this year. In fact, in a recent week, we completed 26 flights. The team is also working towards our goal of demonstrating a commercial operations-like flight cadence with Midnight. That means flying upwards of 15 times in one day. As Adam mentioned, we also delivered our first Midnight aircraft to the United States Air Force as part of our AFWERX contracts signed last year. The American aerospace industry has a long and storied history of working with the U.S. military to progress key technologies that go on to benefit consumers here and around the world. Our flight test efforts with AFWERX are a key step towards exploring different use cases for the aircraft and are just a subset of our broader contract with AFWERX, working towards leveraging our technology and aircraft to ensure the United States DoD continues to lead the way with the world's most advanced technology. On the certification front, this past quarter has been especially productive for Archer. The FAA not only issued our Part 135 Airline Ops certificate, they also published Midnight's Airworthiness Criteria as a final rule in the Federal Register, making us one of only 2 eVTOL companies to have reached this stage in the certification process with the FAA. To my knowledge, the FAA has not published a final or draft set of Airworthiness Criteria for any other eVTOL program besides those 2. The FAA continues to be engaged across our certification program. We recently completed 2 back-to-back multi-day workshops with the agency at our California headquarters. First, we hosted the FAA for a formal, extensive safety review, where the regulators evaluated detailed safety analysis deliverables for multiple systems on Midnight. The FAA left impressed by the work our teams have done over the last year. We also just completed a multi-day FAA on-site meeting at our facilities to review details of our battery certification and testing process. This was a productive session with all of our in-house subject matter experts and the regulators examining our battery hardware. On the testing front, we are nearing completion of our for-credit certification testing on our composite airframe structural materials. We are also wrapping up environmental testing of the system hardware on the aircraft to support our upcoming first piloted flight, with some of those tests being done fo certification credit. We are also continuing to complete for- credit audits for various hardware and software elements of our aircraft. The FAA is also making good progress towards finalizing the operational rules for our aircraft with the Powered Lift SFAR, or Special Federal Aviation Regulation, now at the Office of Management and Budget for review. Our understanding is that this indicates the FAA will likely publish the final rule by the end of October. This is a big step for us and the industry because it establishes the roadmap for commercial operations once the FAA issues Midnight's type certification, and we add it onto our existing Part 135 certificate. On the final assembly of our first piloted Midnight aircraft, we recently received the bonded wing assembly at our production facility here in California. The team is now integrating systems into the wing and preparing to mate it to the fuselage in the coming weeks. We are also making progress on the bring-up and functional testing of the aircraft systems. All of these activities are being performed using the manufacturing systems and processes that we plan to use for high-rate production in Georgia, enabling us to pressure test and improve these key elements ahead of ramping production. We've made tremendous progress on the construction of our high-volume manufacturing facility in Georgia, with the walls and roof now constructed and interior framing underway. As a reminder, the first phase of this facility is a 330,000 sq ft final assembly building and a 60,000 sq ft production flight test facility, both located on our 100-acre site at the Covington Municipal Airport, just outside of Atlanta, Georgia. We expect phase one of this facility to support production volumes of up to 660 aircraft per year when fully operational. We remain on track to open the facility later this year, and we are targeting a modest initial production rate of roughly 1 aircraft per month. Following this, our goal is to both increase our production velocity and stand up additional manufacturing lines to accelerate to a rate of 4 aircraft per month, and then 20, and ultimately 54 aircraft per month in subsequent years. The initial years, as we scale, give us a critical opportunity to improve and speed up processes at relatively low volumes as we prepare for higher volumes in the outer years. From there, we have an opportunity to triple the manufacturing capacity at our existing location in Georgia and also replicate the facility in other parts of the world to localize manufacturing. In summary, the team is continuing to execute strongly as we ramp up testing and certification activities on Midnight. In parallel, our manufacturing capabilities are coming online and being put through their paces, with the goal of being ready to start production as soon as next year to support our initial commercial aircraft requirements. All of this progress is thanks to our extraordinarily talented and experienced team, executing what we believe is the optimal business strategy and path to commercialize our aircraft. Each milestone that we hit continues to demonstrate and solidify our leadership position, bringing this new technology to market. Now I'll turn it over to Mark. Thanks, Tom. On our last earnings call, I discussed how capitalization and liquidity are top priorities for us, and how the strength of our liquidity position is being driven by our ability to raise capital in the public markets and our strong relationships with our partners. We've been thoughtful in implementing capitalization mechanisms, and today's announcements of our capital raise and the key contract manufacturing arrangement terms with Stellantis are testament to our ability to continue to ensure we have the funding necessary to secure our path to market. As Adam mentioned, we are focused on finding the most capital and time-efficient path to market. A major part of this is our efficient R&D path, driven by our partnerships with tier one aerospace suppliers. However, today I want to dig into the key details of our relationship with Stellantis to help show the capital-light aspect of our manufacturing strategy. The capital-light approach to manufacturing includes considerations across the manufacturing footprint, CapEx, and labor cost. The way you should be thinking about the contract manufacturing framework that we have put in place with Stellantis is that the goal is for Stellantis to cover a majority of our capital needs across our manufacturing operations through our ramp to 650 aircraft, substantially de-risking our ability to ramp production. Importantly, this is not just about the financial contribution for us. Stellantis produces 6 million vehicles a year and brings extensive experience in scaling manufacturing across complex systems. It's hard to put a value on that. Tom spoke about our goal for ramping the factory, and I will provide some color on how we plan to achieve profitability in that scenario. Assuming a $5 million ASP on our direct aircraft sales, our target gross margin is in the 40%-50% range at a production volume of 250 units. As our volumes increase, we project that we will be able to drive costs lower, while at the same time improving manufacturing efficiencies. At this rate, we believe we'll be able to achieve positive operating margin, depending on how much we choose to invest in operating expenses for R&D, sales and marketing, and G&A at that time. Our pathway to reducing unit costs over time will be primarily driven by supply chain and manufacturing engineering efforts, such as reducing pricing with key vendors at volume production rates and design for manufacturing that will simplify Midnight's production processes and parts so that the aircraft can be manufactured at lower costs, which reduce cycle times. Again, this is all typical work that is done once a new hardware product gets to production, and Stellantis and the Archer team are already working closely in this regard. Since the end of Q2, we've raised a total of $230 million to enhance our liquidity position. In addition, our key terms with Stellantis on contract manufacturing provide for up to approximately $400 million of labor and CapEx offsets in exchange for Archer equity in the future when those costs are incurred. The way to think about this framework is much like the Stellantis forward equity purchase agreement structure that has served us well over the last couple of years and will directly reduce our cash burn between 2025 and 2030. With respect to the quarter, we ended Q2 2024 with $360.4 million of cash and cash equivalents on our balance sheet and another $6.7 million of restricted cash. This did not include the $55 million that Stellantis invested on July one, which, coupled with the $175 million funding that we announced today, ensures we continue to be one of the best-capitalized companies in the industry. Switching to expenses, on a GAAP basis, total operating expenses for Q2 2024 were $121.2 million, which included approximately $24.8 million of non-cash, equity-related expenses, including $22.8 million of stock-based compensation and $2 million of warrant expenses. Non-GAAP operating expenses, which are our proxy for cash expenses because they don't include non-cash equity-related expenses and mineral depreciation-... were $96.4 million, and slightly above our estimates range of $80 million-$95 million, due to the timing of materials received to build out our conforming aircraft, on which we have begun production. Within the non-GAAP operating expenses, we incurred approximately $17 million of non-recurring costs and material expenses with our suppliers during the quarter as we continue to invest in the maturation of our supply chain for Midnight and to procure parts for the manufacture of our Midnight aircraft that we will use for FAA cert flight testing. Finally, for Q3 2024, we anticipate total non-GAAP operating expenses of $90 million-$100 million. This range represents a slight uptick in spending as we expect to incur a substantial portion of the cost of materials to support the manufacture of our Midnight aircraft that will support our certification program. With that, operator, we can now open the line for questions. Thank you. If you would like to ask a question, please press Star followed by one on your telephone keypad. To remove your question, press Star followed by two. Again, to ask a question, please press Star one. As a reminder, if you're using a speakerphone, please remember to pick up your handset before asking your question. We'll pause here briefly as questions are registered. Our first question comes from the line of Savi Syth with Raymond James. Please go ahead. Hey, good afternoon, everyone. This is quite the update with a lot to digest here, but maybe I can ask you on the Midnight flying that you've done. Could you talk about how many of those flights you've done are on the Midnight aircraft? And a little bit more color on the kind of the type of flying that you've done and any learning. If that's leading to any learnings that as you build the next aircraft here. Yeah. Hey, Savi. Happy to chat about that. As I mentioned earlier on the call, and we put in our shareholder letter, we've really ramped up the flight test cadence these last couple quarters. So you can see we're, you know, we've flown a couple hundred times so far already. Those flights are across both Maker and Midnight. Most of the flying we're doing today is with Midnight. That's where all the lessons are coming from. As an example, today, we actually did six flights on Midnight. So as to why we're doing the flying and what we're learning from that, there's really two main goals. The first is gathering data to support our upcoming pilot flights. You know, we are learning a lot about the aircraft as we fly, its handling qualities, control laws, those sorts of things. But then the other thing we're learning, both from Maker and Midnight, is operational learnings. So, as I, as I talked about, we're working to ramp up the cadence of operations even further, with the goal of demonstrating the type of operation we do commercially, which will be flying, you know, up to 15 times per day. So in order to do that, we have to put a bunch of systems, you know, through their paces, our battery cooling infrastructure, you know, working to pull data off the aircraft super efficiently, all those things. And, you know, all that supports both the piloted flight testing as well as the, you know, certification and ultimate operations. Hopefully, that helps. Super helpful, color, I appreciate it. If I might ask Mark, just on today's capital raise, are you able to talk a little bit more about who the participants are and just how you are thinking about now with the capital raise and the contract manufacturing kind of agreement in principle, just how you're thinking about capital needs over the next kind of maybe year or two? Yeah. I'll let Adam provide some color on it, and then I can give you some details. Sure. Hey, Savi. So the capital raise, participants were, a bunch of institutional investors, as well as some of our strategic partners, including Stellantis and United Airlines. So I think kind of some of the big funds that exist, you know, across the U.S. and, and the globe. When I think about the just overall frameworks for, for capital raising, you know, really, I, I'll give you a high-level framework of how I'm managing the business, and I think that will, help you understand the cash burn and, ultimately, even the manufacturing ramp-up. So Mark talked about, you know, historically, the core expense base here at Archer, and that's around $75 million-$80 million per quarter when you exclude the one-time expenses from materials and upfront non-recurring engineering costs that were required to stand up the supply chain. And so this relationship with Stellantis was designed so that they will cover the manufacturing labor costs and CapEx to scale production. So my goal is that unless we start a new aircraft program, which we do not have any plans to do, the cost structure not materially increase. And then when we think about the manufacturing ramp and how that really impacts cash flow, the goal is really to start from a modest perspective, and we provided a chart in the shareholder letter that shows, you know, a few aircraft where we'll, you know, start with, and we stay at the several dozens of aircraft level for the first couple of years, deploy them, and then ultimately scale up. Mark also mentioned at the 250 aircraft level, it's our goal to hit a target gross margin of 40%-50%. So if you assume a $5 million ASP, a 50% gross margin at the 250 volume level, Archer should be cash flow positive at that point. So really, the key to all this has been about Archer just starting and getting launched. Hopefully, that gives you a sense for how we're thinking about it. No, appreciate all that detail and also the detail on the release here. Thanks. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Bill Peterson with JP Morgan. Please go ahead. Yeah, good afternoon. Thanks for providing all the details, including how to think about the future, you know, financial model and commercialization plans. My first question is on the GCAA. I just wanna get a sense, do you still feel like UAE might be the first market? And, you know, what is the GCAA doing in terms of, you know, I'd say, resources towards certification? How might that vary versus the FAA? I mean, are they looking at other eVTOL programs? I mean, we're aware of at least one other program, but how should we think about the certification in that region? Hey, Bill, this is Adam. So yes, we do think there is an interesting opportunity to launch internationally, particularly in the UAE. So just to kind of step back for a second, we've been supported directly by the national government through the Abu Dhabi Investment Office, as well as the regulators, and they've spent time with us, here in California, working on the right pathway to launch commercially as soon as next year. And then we have really strong partners there, as well. So Falcon Aviation, Air Chateau are the only two urban air mobility operators in Dubai and Abu Dhabi. So both of them today fly helicopters in the two cities, as well as the corridor in between them, but they charge thousands of dollars on those routes, so it's really expensive just due to the high operating cost of helicopters. So collectively, those two plan to deploy a large number of Midnight aircraft, and they can slot those directly into the routes that they're operating today. So we're working to electrify and ready the infrastructure there in Abu Dhabi and Dubai. So our strategy is really to work with the leaders of the international markets, and that's been paying off. We've also previously announced a relationship with Etihad on the training side to work with some of the local partners on simulators and training pilots via their academy. On the... You know, we've had a lot of support at the highest level there, and that support through the Abu Dhabi Investment Office has really unlocked our ability for the aviation regulator there, the GCAA, to start working with us on an expedited deployment path under the same airworthiness criteria that the FAA published earlier this year. So the whole goal is to get through that, and maybe I'll let Tom give so a little bit more color as well. Yeah. I would say the way to think about this is we've got a really well-established certification framework and pathway that the U.S. FAA has put together that we've been executing on for the last several years. And so, you know, the state of design of the aircraft is still the United States, still working with the FAA. But the GCAA is one of the regulators that's come to us interested in working on how could they essentially validate the data that we're already generating based off of our existing FAA cert program. So we're engaged with them now, you know, on where we are in that process, and the one thing that I think we're really aligned on with them is, you know, regardless of those details, we'll only take a safe airplane to market. And so, right now it's just us continuing to execute and get the data, and it's just another place to share the data with. Yeah. Thanks for that. I wanted to also follow up on the test flight campaign. So essentially, I think you're... Between, I guess, what needs to happen or what needs to be completed between now and piloted flights? Are there more modifications to the powertrain, motors, rotors, things like that? And then, I guess when we think about the flight testing, where do they just could you elaborate more on what you're doing beyond the transition flights that you did in June? Yeah, of course. So to your first question, there's no modifications that need to be made. We're essentially in the process of integrating and bringing up the aircraft we will use for those first piloted flights. So as I mentioned, we had the delivery of the first wing for that aircraft. We started to integrate systems. We're starting to do the functional testing. The next phase will be shipping the aircraft to Salinas, where we do our flight testing campaign, completing ground tests. Basically, the whole context there is, you know, this is like real-deal piloted flight testing. So again, safety comes first. We're gonna be flying these aircraft thousands of feet above the ground, you know, 100 mi an hour. These are not like demo flights or, you know, tethered flights we're doing. This is like real deal, you know, flight testing. So, in terms of the flight testing we've done to date with Midnight, now that we've completed expanding the transition envelope, the learnings are, as I mentioned, two categories. First is engineering focused, and that's largely around aircraft controls, so things that will feed into the final software that goes on the airplane. You know, how we control through transition, how we control different speeds. And then the other main learnings, as I mentioned, you know, to, to Savi's question, are operational. So getting our ground support equipment, spooled up, able to recharge the aircraft very quickly in between flights, all those things that matter, both when we get into the certification flight test and then also in commercial ops. Hey, Bill, this is Adam. Thank you. Yeah. Maybe if I can just add one more piece of color. The area I think that's most important in these aircraft programs is being really mature in your design, and that's been the key. And so what we have felt comfortable with and what we've talked about building these six conforming aircraft, is that we feel very comfortable in the design and the maturity of that design. And so I know a lot of the programs you get, you know, get stuck in this loop where you're constantly trying to figure out how to close your design, and that can cause large, large delays. We feel comfortable in the design we're at today, and that's why we feel confident in the flight test program heading forward. We've shown already what the capabilities of this aircraft can do, and now it's really just an execution game for us to get through, putting the, you know, the aircraft through all the paces to, to get, to bring it up and ultimately start flying the, the piloted conforming aircraft. Great. Thanks, Adam. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Edison Yu with Deutsche Bank. Please go ahead. Hey, thanks for taking my question, and, congratulations on the progresses. So, my first question is about the Stellantis funding, the labor, and the CapEx cost. Can you walk us through, like, operationally, how this works? Like, for example, who's conducting the hiring of workers and setting volume schedules, and, how will that cash flow, like, flow through the income statement? Is that will be kind of, SBC in a COGS or? Sure. This is Adam. I'll start. From a high-level perspective, the way you should be thinking about the Stellantis relationship is kind of twofold. One is reduce cash burn as we ramp production at the factory, and then two is to increase the likelihood that we reach our target production levels that allow us to get to profitability. So I think we've all seen with the startup EV industry, they struggled to ramp volumes, and so I think this relationship here is set up to help us reduce risk there. So we focused on two key areas, which were labor and CapEx. The good news is that we've already absorbed a lot of the CapEx that was needed to build out the factory, so there's not a ton left. That helps us get through that initial ramp. And then there will be additional opportunities to spend more CapEx as we look at, you know, introducing things like automation. So that's kind of the primary, you know, you know, function, how we, how we started it. Now, Stellantis has had people working at Archer here for quite some time, so there are dozens of Stellantis employees that are already mixed into the Archer team across engineering, manufacturing, design, supply chain, quality. And what we're doing here is really looking at the next step, which is on the manufacturing side. So we are working together to really spool up a lot of the, you know, manufacturing plants, which we have been doing now for quite some time. But then ultimately, what's gonna happen from the labor perspective is that Stellantis will help pay for the labor, and Archer will reimburse Stellantis with stock over time as those expenses are incurred. So effectively, it's a way for Archer to reduce its cash burn needs and increase the odds of success. I think the net of that is extremely impactful to us at this point. You can think about it like an Apple-Foxconn-type relationship, where, you know, Archer, you know, is the Apple in that scenario, where we are focused on design of the aircraft, and Stellantis will focus heavily on the labor side of scaling. Yeah. Hey, Edison, this is Mark. Your specific question around the accounting of that, we're still working with our... I mean, we just came to these key contract terms recently with our partner, Stellantis, so we're still working also through the accounting for those with our accounting partners. So we can give you more data as that becomes available. Okay, gotcha. Yeah, okay, the second question is, you have a lot of announced orders now, so could you give us a sense, like how many deposits will be paid this year, and how much that will ramps up in 25, 26? Sure. So this is Adam. The way we have structured a lot of our aircraft sales has been—there's an initial 1-2% down payment, and then the goal is to collect up to 50% in pre-delivery payments as we get close to the delivery of the aircraft. And so the way we're going to slot and go to collect those different payments really have to do on a market-by-market basis in terms of our ability to work with the local regulator and get through the certification process. So you can think about it like the increase in pre-delivery payments will ultimately really result in a placement or a slot that these different, you know, orders will be connected to. And so as it becomes more clear, the different geographies, I think that will become, you know, much more clear of when those pre-delivery payments will get paid. So as we've mentioned, the UAE is a good example of this, where there is increasing level of transparency or an increasing path to us getting to market. And so I would expect the level of pre-delivery payments to start to pick up considerably as we get closer to the launch dates. Okay, gotcha. Yeah, thank you so much. Thank you. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Austin Moeller with Canaccord. Please go ahead. Hi, good evening, Adam and Mark. Hello. Good day, Austin. My first question here, when we think about Los Angeles, how many aircraft, just sort of ballparking, are you expecting to scale to in the LA area by either, like, the 2028 Olympics or the Super Bowl, just when we think about operations? Hey, Austin. So what's interesting about Los Angeles is when Billy Nolen was the administrator at the FAA, he put out a goal for the, what he called Innovate 2028, which was for the mass use of eVTOLs at scale at the L.A. Olympics in 2028. So that was a goal that the FAA had put out there. And so what's really cool about this announcement is we're starting to work towards that goal, especially with some of those key assets that will likely be involved in the L.A. Olympics. And so the way that Billy had framed it was the goal was to be able to use hundreds of eVTOLs at a given time. Now, that doesn't necessarily mean it'll just be Archer, that that would be the only one that's doing that. So the way that we're going to really target this is stand up a lot of the operations, from the infrastructure perspective, work with the different local communities, to get their buy-in and support as we go do this, and then ultimately deploy as many aircraft as we can. But the way I would think about it is, it is a global showcase of, America's leadership in aviation, at a point, that I think will be extremely well received. But that's really the 2028 time frame. But even in 2026, you have, the ability to showcase a similar, type of scenario at the World Cup, which will be, held in Los Angeles, and then you even have the Super Bowl, that will likely be, that will be in LA even before that. Lots of opportunities to showcase the aircraft across that network to get a lot of community involvement and support for the industry. Of course, L.A. is probably the number one place for traffic in the U.S., and there will be likely a very large demand for the aircraft. Great to see Innovate 2028 coming to life. Another question: What kind of decibel levels are you recording in the latest test flights of the Midnight? And has it improved since the prior prototypes, like Maker? Sure. Hey, Austin, this is Tom. Basically, all the acoustic testing so far has been in line with predictions. I forget the exact number off the top of my head, so I don't want to provide it right now. But essentially, our models that we tuned with Maker are yielding estimates in line with what we expect for Midnight. And we still expect it to be significantly quieter than helicopters. We have data to show that both in takeoff and landing, and then obviously in forward flight, where you know, I've heard Midnight fly myself. It's practically silent when in cruise, so it's super cool. Excellent. I'll pass it back there. Thank you. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Josh Sullivan with The Benchmark Company. Please go ahead. Hey, good evening. Hey, good day, Josh. With 10 aircraft anticipated here in 2025 and 50 in 2026, you know, how's the pilot training certification framework coming together? Sure. Well, I mentioned on the call that the FAA is making good progress on the SFAR, and that's really the main piece of data that we need to give you a firm answer on that, in the sense that that regulation will define the training requirements. On the Archer side, though, we, on our airline team, are standing up our own formal pilot training capability. So there's a you know entire team that's focused on developing the training syllabus for that, as well as doing the work, putting together simulator hardware to support that program. But until the SFAR comes out, it's a little bit hard to say all the details. Got it. And then just switching over to the order book, you know, looking at the order book versus the production schedule, you know, what percentage of the book are you leaving open for new customers entering the backlog or for the first couple of years here, booked out at this point? And then what percentage of production are you thinking about dedicating to Archer versus direct sales and the partnerships? Hey, Josh, it's Adam. So the direct sales model is quite compelling because it gives us an ability to generate cash flow relatively early in the company's life cycle. And so I think that's really important to building a long-term Archer Air platform that can be scaled globally. So that was really key to the you know beginning part of the entire strategy that we had here at Archer. So we've been working to partner with really the most prominent and largest companies and groups in the international markets. And as we have made those connections and formed those agreements, it's been you know really quite helpful to be introduced really to those countries at such a high high level. And so what I think will really play out is there will be an opportunity to introduce aircraft across many different countries at relatively low levels, take time to learn, and then ultimately scale them up. So I actually think, by putting, you know, a handful of aircraft in many different countries will ultimately lead to a much faster ramp than just targeting one or two places in the very beginning. So that's been the strategy on how to do that. And there has been some countries that have leaned in very heavily. So example, UAE, we've obviously talked a lot about, but the broader GCC has also leaned in pretty heavily as well. So you've seen a lot of action and support from Saudi Arabia as well, as an example. As these countries continue to lean in, we will continue to form more partnerships that can allow us to put the just base level, you know, frameworks in place to allow us to scale to these larger numbers in the outer years. ... Got it. Thank you for the time. Thank you. Again, if you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad. Our next question comes from the line of David Zazula with Barclays. Please go ahead. Thanks for taking my question. Adam, I mean, this is a pretty monumental step in the relationship between you and Stellantis. Obviously, they've been a critical partner up until now, and this only further enhances that relationship. What can you say publicly about your conversations as a shareholder with them as far as how comfortable they are, you know, in taking the increased equity stake in Archer? And, you know, how much of a stake they're willing to take, and then how comfortable you are with, you know, the portion of the company owned by strategic investors? Thanks for the question, David. So when I started Archer, what was just absolutely critical to me was that I was able to build a vehicle and deploy it. And so there's a lot of, you know, founders out there that will build hardware companies and, you know, there's ways to generate a personal financial return from doing that and never actually get a product to market, but that's been not my goal at all. My entire goal has been to deploy a product that can have global scale and just create real impact. And so that's really what I've been optimizing everything towards. And so the relationship with Stellantis has been geared towards helping us get to market, and it's really focused across those two areas that I talked about, which was, a capital-light way to get to market and while, you know, finding the, you know, the fastest path to commercializing. So increasing the likelihood that we could reach our production levels and ultimately get to profitability. That's what this does. And so for me, really, everything is about, just increasing those odds. So that really means we need more capital, and so that helped by doing that, by offsetting a lot of the cost we have here going forward, and then also increasing just the production capabilities. So this is a, this is a huge, huge announcement for us and at least, you know, for me, from my perspective, and dramatically increases the odds that we get to market. If you just take a step back and, like, look at what's happened, David, you know, Archer's a relatively newcomer into the industry. We started in 2018. A lot of the competitors started 10 years before that. And you look at what we've done from the pacing of even just engineering accomplishments. I mean, we've now built and flown that's our second-generation aircraft that's been through a full transition. I mean, a lot of the companies that even started before us have still yet to even fly an aircraft. So that was. I'm super proud of that. Now we're building this fleet of piloted conforming aircraft. I don't see anybody else in the world saying they're building piloted conforming aircraft, even right now. And then we have the factory that's put in place that can ramp and scale. We have a partner that's gonna help pay for all of that. And so and then we have a pretty clear path now on how to get to market, with a huge indicative, you know, order book backlog. So we're ready, and this is the time. This is the, the point where I think Archer assumes a leadership position in the world, and I think people are gonna wake up and really see, in the very near term here, that, eVTOL is coming to market and will be scaled up here, and I think Archer leads that charge. Thanks. That is helpful color around the announcement. Tom, can I follow up on one of Bill's questions earlier? Could you put maybe a finer point about what for-credit testing you're doing, what types of components you've done for-credit testing on, and what the plan is for kind of system level for-credit testing this year? Yeah, absolutely. So if you go to our shareholder letter, we've got a chart in there that I've been updating the last couple quarters. So the areas that we're doing for-credit testing are obviously areas where we have certification plans that are approved, and we're just executing with the FAA. So the kind of, like, main category of things there, just broad brushstrokes, are the system components that are coming from our supply base. So, you know, as we've talked about over and over, our whole strategy was to make as much of the aircraft as simple and low-risk as possible, and we've done that by partnering with all the companies you've mentioned, Safran, Garmin, you know, Honeywell, et cetera. So, you know, just kind of pointing you to the chart, you can see in which of these systems we are in which stages. Then, in those areas, there's some examples of things we're doing, like, you know, SOI 2 hardware and software audits with Honeywell. All or a big chunk of the environmental for-credit testing completed for most of our flight control system and flight deck avionics. So, that's kind of where we're in. If I take a step back, this is really that system and component-level testing that all needs to be done before we ultimately get to for-credit flight testing. So the goal is to be doing that next year with these piloted aircraft that we've mentioned are in production. Awesome. Very helpful. Thanks very much. Thank you. There are no additional questions waiting at this time. I would like to pass the conference back to the CEO, Adam Goldstein, for any closing remarks. I'd like to thank everyone who joined today's call and also the entire Archer team and our partners that have really helped us relentlessly execute and maintain our leadership position in the industry in bringing electric aircraft to market as early as next year. Our capital-efficient approach has helped us maintain a strong liquidity position. As we enter the second half of 2024, I am really excited about the quarter ahead. Thanks again for joining us today. That concludes the Archer Aviation Q2 2024 operating financial results conference call. I hope you all enjoy the rest of your day. You may now disconnect your lines.