Good day, and thank you for standing by. Welcome to Ambarella's Q3, fiscal year 2025 Earnings conference call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. After the speaker's presentation, there will be a question-and-answer session. To ask a question during the session, you will need to press star one-one on your telephone. You will then hear an automated message advising your hand is raised. To withdraw your question, please press star one-one again. Please be advised that today's conference is being recorded. I would now like to hand the conference over to your speaker today, Louis Gerhardy, VP Corporate Development. Please go ahead. Thank you, Daniel, and good afternoon. Thank you for joining our third quarter fiscal year 2025 financial results Conference Call. On the call with me today is Dr. Fermi Wang, President and CEO, and John Young, CFO. The primary purpose of today's call is to provide you with information regarding the results for our third quarter of fiscal year 2025. The discussion today, the responses to your questions, will contain forward-looking statements regarding our projected financial results, financial prospects, market growth, and demand for our solutions, among other things. These statements are based on currently available information and subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. Should any of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should our assumptions prove to be incorrect, our actual results could differ materially from these forward-looking statements. We're under no obligation to update these statements. These risks, uncertainties, and assumptions, as well as other information on potential risk factors that could affect our financial results, are more fully described in the documents we file with the SEC. Access to our third quarter fiscal 2025 results press release, transcripts, historical results, SEC filings, and a replay of today's call can be found on the investor relations page of our website. The content of today's call, as well as the materials posted on our website, are Ambarella's property and cannot be reproduced or transcribed without our prior written consent. Before we start the call, we want to inform you of our plans to participate in the following investor events during the fourth quarter. On December 3rd, we will be at the UBS Global Technology and AI Conference. December 4th, at the Wells Fargo TMT Summit. On December 5th, we'll be hosting BNP's bus tour. Nasdaq's London Conference on December 10th and 11th. Nomura CES Conference on January 6th. Needham Growth Conference on January 14th. And of course, we hope to see you during the multiple sell-side analyst-hosted tours at our CES exhibition, January 7th to January 10th in Las Vegas. Fermi will now provide an update for the quarter. John will review the financial results and outlook, then we'll be available for your questions. Fermi? Thank you, Louis, and good afternoon. Thank you all for joining our call today. Our third quarter revenue was above the high end of our guidance range, increasing about 30% sequentially in both our auto and IoT businesses. Company-specific factors more than offset the overall weakness in the market, with our strengths originating from our customers' new product ramps, especially those incorporating our new higher-priced AI inference processors such as CV5. We again achieved a record level of AI revenue, which in turn contributed to a higher blended average selling price. We are now forecasting fiscal 2025 revenue to increase by 22%-24% year over year versus our prior estimate for revenue growth in the mid to high teens. Last quarter, we described our new product momentum as a series of waves, and the next year in fiscal 2026, we expect the first wave from CV5 to continue and be augmented with the commencement of the second wave, CV7. We expect the first and the second new product waves to enable us to grow revenue again in fiscal 2026, with both auto and IoT expected to grow despite the weakness in the overall market. Our CV3-AD family of SoCs for level two plus and higher level of autonomy represents the third wave, with revenue expected to commence in calendar year 2026 or our fiscal 2027. During the third quarter, we received the first silicon of our CV3-AD655 AI SoC, which targets advanced level two plus applications, including mass-market passenger vehicles, and we are now delivering engineering samples to customers. As you know, the global automotive industry is under significant pressure, so we are proud to forecast our automotive business is expected to grow this year and the next. I would like to remind you our automotive business is comprised of two different businesses: our existing ADAS business and our central domain controller business, also known as the CV3 platform. Our existing automotive business, mostly ADAS, with a majority of now AI SoCs, will represent about $80 million this year, with an estimated five-year compounded annual revenue growth rate in the mid-teens. Our CV3 platform targets a much larger but still emerging revenue opportunity: level two plus and high level of autonomy. This new opportunity has the potential to significantly accelerate our five-year automotive revenue CAGR beyond the mid-teens CAGR I mentioned for our existing auto business. We remain highly focused on incremental CV3 design wins in an increasingly challenged automotive market. As you know, global vehicle production growth is slow, level two plus market penetration remains in the low single digit, and the OEM projects and the software development are delayed. In this environment, we have updated our automotive revenue funnel. As a reminder, our automotive funnel represents a probability-weighted estimate of automotive revenue we could generate over the next six years, from fiscal year 2026 to fiscal year 2031. At this time, our six-year funnel is approximately $2.2 billion versus $2.4 billion a year ago, with one business representing more than $800 million and a pipeline of more than $1.3 billion. Due to the challenging automotive industry dynamic described earlier, there has been significant volatility in the last years within the funnel as customers' annual forecasts were revised, projects were delayed or canceled, new projects were added, and the projects were either won or lost. Notably, we estimate there is about $2 billion not included in the funnel beyond year six, the terminal year of our methodology. We remain optimistic about our long-term cyclical trend for the level two plus and the high levels of autonomy and the role that our CV3 platform can serve in this market. We are optimistic because our CV3 platform brings solutions to some of the key challenges automotive OEMs are facing today, including power efficiency, scalability, an open platform with the availability of optimized software IP modules, and a centralized radar. We remain diligent in our efforts to get more CV3 business into the one column. I will now discuss representative customer activity in the quarter. In the automotive market, we highlight new models featuring a variety of advanced safety and automation features. Smart Automobile, a joint venture between Mercedes-Benz and Geely, introduced its Smart #5 model in October. This electric SUV features an L2 ADAS system based on our CV2 with functional safety and is supplied by Tier 1 Aptiv. XPeng, also known as Xiaopeng, an electric vehicle pioneer in China, announced the P7 Plus, a mid to full-size electric sedan that utilizes our A12 video processors for the rearview electronic mirror. This e-mirror is pre-installed on 100% of the P7 Plus vehicles, and start of production commenced in October. Also, in the mirror market, the joint venture between Honda and Dongfeng launched its Lingxi L electric passenger vehicle, which includes a camera monitor system. These features include interior displays that replace the left and the right-side exterior mirrors. This system is based on our CV28. Farizon Auto, a Geely brand focused on development and the sales of commercial vehicles, launched its Xingzhi H8R light truck featuring a front ADAS plus driver monitor system based on our CV22AQ. Turning to our IoT businesses, we are announcing the first customer for our CV7 family, which represents the beginning of the second wave of new product revenue I described earlier. In the enterprise market, Verkada introduced its next generation of camera, including new 4K dome fisheye and PTZ cameras. Based on Ambarella's latest CV72, the new camera feature advanced analytics, including AI-powered search. Verkada also introduced a new suite of video intercoms and an indoor split mini camera all based on Ambarella's CV25. Bosch announced its new Flexidome 8100i dome camera family based on CV22. They feature deep learning-based detection of persons and vehicles even in crowded or congested scenes. Alarm.com introduced 5-megapixel and 8-megapixel cloud IP bullet and dome camera based on our CV22. The camera includes onboard recording and advanced analytics. In Japan, i-PRO, formerly Panasonic Security, announced the addition of 19 new models to its AeroPTZ camera list based on our CV22. We are encouraged to see better-than-expected adoption of our AI SOC in other IoT markets. While our products frequently target automotive and enterprise applications, our AI SOCs are designed with enough programmability to drive adoption in other IoT markets. For example, Insta360 recently introduced its Ace Pro 2 portable video camera featuring 8K video and 50-megapixel photos. Based on our 5-nanometer CV5, the camera includes gesture and voice control and AI-based highlight assistance. Insta360 also introduced its Link and Link 2C AI 4K webcams based on our H22 video processors. Garmin announced its GC245 and GC255 HD Marine cameras based on our CV28 and featuring on-screen distance markers and guidance line to aid with boat dockings. Grab, a leading technology company based in Singapore, known for its super app providing diversified services, introduced its KartaCam 2 to collect street view images for map making. Our CV5 supports four 48-megapixel image sensors to full 360-degree viewing and provides edge AI processing. From this partial list of our customer engagement this quarter, you can see we continue to build upon our well-established position for AI computer vision at the edge in both IoT as well as our traditional automotive ADAS market. In fact, on a cumulative base, we have now shipped more than 25 million edge AI SoCs, and this helps set the table for the introduction of a new higher-value SoC supporting more advanced edge AI networks such as VLMs, CLIP, and GenAI. We believe the significant and continued build-out of AI training and inference capacity in data centers for more and more advanced AI networks is a leading indicator for the secular growth opportunity we see for AI inference processing at the edge. Our strategic plan is well aligned with this, and the first wave of new AI product revenue is underway. We expect the second wave to commence alongside the first wave next year, with a subsequent wave starting calendar 2026 or our fiscal 2027, including the CV3 and our two-nanometer platforms. New product success is a key factor in determining our incremental revenue growth next year. We are pleased to return to non-GAAP profitability in Q3. We are highly focused on driving revenue growth and the positive operating leverage on the path to our target long-term non-GAAP operating margin of 30%. We have delivered 15 consecutive years of a positive free cash flow through the year of the end of fiscal 2024, and we are optimistic our new products can enable us to build upon this positive record. John will now discuss the Q3 result and the Q4 outlook in more detail. John? I'll now review the financial highlights for the third quarter of fiscal year 2025, ending October 31st, 2024. I will also provide a financial outlook for our fourth quarter of fiscal year 2025, ending January 31st, 2025. I'll be discussing non-GAAP results and ask that you refer to today's press release for a detailed reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP results. For non-GAAP reporting, we have eliminated stock-based compensation expense along with acquisition-related costs and restructuring expense, adjusted for the impact of taxes. For fiscal Q3, revenue was $82.7 million, above the high end of our guidance range, up 30% from the prior quarter, and up 63% year -over -year. Non-GAAP gross margin for fiscal Q3 was 62.6% at the low end of our prior guidance range due to product mix, as we opportunistically drove some revenue upside from certain legacy processors at lower-than-planned margin. Non-GAAP operating expense was $49.1 million, about $900,000 lower than the midpoint of our prior guidance range, driven by continued expense management and the timing of spending between quarters. We remain on track to our internal product development milestones. Q3 net interest and other income was $2.1 million. Q3 Non-GAAP tax provision was approximately $200,000. We reported a Non-GAAP net profit of $4.5 million, or $0.11 earnings per diluted share. Now I will turn to our balance sheet and cash flow. Fiscal Q3 cash and marketable securities increased $6.7 million from the prior quarter to $226.5 million. Receivables day sales outstanding increased from 33 days in the prior quarter to 38 days, and days of inventory decreased from 108 days to 94 days. Capital expenditures for tangible and intangible assets were $2.5 million in the quarter and $6.2 million for the nine months ended October 31st, 2024. We generated positive operating cash flow of $6.6 million in the quarter and $8.4 million through the first three quarters of fiscal 2025. Free cash flow in the quarter was $4.1 million, with year-to-date free cash flow of $2.2 million. We had two logistics companies representing 10% or more of our revenue in Q3. WT Microelectronics, a fulfillment partner in Taiwan that ships to multiple customers in Asia, came in at 66% of revenue for the third quarter. Chicony, an ODM who manufactures for multiple end customers, was 11% of revenue for the quarter. I'll now discuss the outlook for the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2025. The continued strength of our customers' new product ramps, especially those enabled by our new product wave one from our 5-nanometer CV5, caused us to increase our Q4 estimate. We are expecting normal seasonal decline in Q4 following the stronger-than-expected Q3. Fiscal Q4 revenue is expected to be in the range of $76-$80 million, with IoT and auto both flat to slightly down sequentially. We expect fiscal Q4 non-GAAP gross margin to be in the range of 61.5%-63%. We expect non-GAAP OpEx in the fourth quarter to be in the range of $49-$52 million, with the increase compared to Q3 driven by CES marketing activities, increased headcount, and project-related engineering expenses. We estimate net interest income to be approximately $1.8 million, our non-GAAP tax expense to be approximately $600,000, and our diluted share count to be approximately 41.8 million fully diluted shares. Thank you for joining our call today. And with that, I will turn the call over to the operator for questions. As a reminder, to ask a question, please press star one-one on your telephone and wait for your name to be announced. To withdraw your question, please press star one-one again. In the interest of time, we ask that you please lend yourself to one question and one follow-up. Please stand by while we compile the Q&A roster. Our first question comes from Ross Seymour with Deutsche Bank. Your line is open. Hi guys. Congratulations on the strong results and guide. I guess my first question for me is really what changed? I know you talked about the different waves and when they're coming, but the inflection point, growing maybe 5% above the midpoint of your range, but an impressive 30% sequentially. I know you called January seasonal, but it seems like it's even better than seasonal. So what's the activity at your customers that's changing? I guess what I'm really getting at is I understand it's the new product adoption, but is there also just kind of shipping closer to end demand? So is this the beginning of secular growth, or is it also bolstered by a cyclical rebound? Thank you, Ross. I think, first of all, Q3 result, definitely there's the first quarter we rebound from the inventory correction. So when we talk about last quarter, we did talk about the inventory correction will be done in the middle of Q3. And after that, it will be our growth of new products. And Q4 is all about new products growth right now. And in fact, if you look at our run rate of CV5, we can look at two different angles. One is from the market angle that for both auto and IoT growing, and for IoT is really going at the IoT enterprise and as well as IoT other. These two categories, they both grow in a similar rate, and the major driver is that new product cycle for CV5. In the automotive market, you see that we talk about new customers like Samsara with CV22 and Rivian with CV5. I think those are definitely helping us to have a growth on the automotive side, so I have to say that maybe Q3 we rebound from the inventory correction and start seeing a growth on a new product line, and in Q4, it's all secular about our growth, but I also want to point out our Q3 is at $82-something million revenue, and the Q4 guidance in the midpoint $78 million. We're still seeing some kind of seasonality in Q4. Well, whatever you're doing, it seems to be working. So congrats on that. I guess for my follow-up, switching over to the automotive funnel, it seems a little bit odd that the number would go down year over year considering you're adding a year where the growth rate at the tail end should be larger. I guess the big picture question is, to the extent over the last couple of years we've kind of thought as your auto business was going to be the incremental driver of significant growth going forward, now it seems like the IoT, edge AI, whatever you want to call it, seems to be the bigger driver. Can you just talk about, has the growth profile of the company really switched more to the IoT side? Are you as optimistic as ever on automotive, or is something different the appropriate interpretation we should have? I think we're still very optimistic about CV3 domain controller opportunity in the market. And I would say that if you look at the number, our one column continues to grow, but our pipeline is reduced. The reason for that is really that, first of all, the overall market is really weak, particularly the automotive market. And I think you can get that similar feedback from everybody. But I think the most important thing for me is the level two plus adoption rate is slower than we expected, right? We expect to see a lot of engagement. We continue to see a lot of engagement, but a lot of projects got pushed out into the schedule for different reasons, and some projects even got canceled. So I really think that the level two plus adoption is not as fast as we thought. That's probably the reason we start seeing that our funnel is not increasing. However, I still believe that level two plus will become an important automotive market for everybody, and that will replace the current level one and level two solution in the market today. Thank you. Thank you. Our next question comes from Tore Svanberg with Stifel. Your line is open. Yes, thank you. And let me echo and say congratulations on the strong results. For me, could you just give us a little bit better sense for the mix here between CV2, CV5? I mean, I assume not a whole lot of CV7 revenue yet. I think in the last call, I think you talked about CV5 potentially reaching a million units this year. Any more color you can share with us on the mix of CV would be helpful. Right. Maybe let me put some data together to give you some points on how to think about this. First of all, we talk about our AI revenue is roughly 70% in this quarter. And also, we talk about our CV5 easily going to ship more than a million units, so we're probably north of that by a margin. That CV5 is doing well. And our CV5 ASP is anywhere between $25-$50. That gives you an idea of our CV2 and CV5 contribution. And also, I want to point out in Q3, this is the first quarter in the last three years that our video processor grew. I think that's really because that inventory rebound, inventory correction finished, and the customer rebound from there helped the video processor has a growth in Q3, but we expect that it will go back to a gradually decreasing in the coming quarters. Great. And that was actually going to be my follow-up question. So as we think about fiscal 2026 and we think about the cyclical recovery and so on, and perhaps even impact the gross margin, so video processing bouncing back is probably more of a temporary phenomenon. You're not really expecting that to continue to drive a higher mix throughout fiscal 2026? That's correct. We haven't given any guidance on this fiscal year 2026, but we do believe that in fiscal 2026, both IoT and auto will grow, and we'll provide more details about the gross margin and the OpEx in the next conference call. Sounds good. Congrats again, Fermi. Thank you. Thank you. And our next question comes from Quinn Bolton with Needham & Company. Your line is open. Hey, guys. Let me offer my congratulations again. I wanted to ask Fermi, just kind of coming back to the auto pipeline, maybe sort of a follow-up to Ross's question. You talked about some push-outs and maybe even cancellations in level two plus. Can you give us a sense what% of that pipeline is now sort of driven by the level two plus opportunities and how that might have changed from last year's pipeline? Right. So maybe I'll give you a high-level description. I think in the pipeline, we have one column and also sorry, in the funnel, we have one column and the pipeline column. and in one column, I will say CV3's percentage is below 50%, but in the pipeline column, CV3 domain controller is way above 50% in that pipeline. So in terms of level two plus, maybe I'll add a little more color on that. We believe that when we look at the current price delta between level two plus and level two and level one, we think the price delta is still high, and that really keeps OEMs worried about introducing a brand new product in that price point. So I think a lot of OEMs are thinking about how to optimize the price while introducing a better level two plus function features. That's something where we think we can help because we keep telling people that, first of all, I think our BOM saving for our OEM is significant compared to our competitors. More importantly, our software can be easily adapted from a high-end level two plus to lower-level two plus with simple modification. And that software compatibility from the low-end to high-end level two plus will save a tremendous amount of R&D costs to our customers. So I think we are trying to address the pain point of our customers when they're trying to the reason of today's level two plus costs are delayed. One is the cost. The other one is really the software development. And that's why we think we have a solution that we can address the pain points of our customers. Perfect. Then the second question just kind of regarding the automotive pipeline. Geographically, how diversified is that pipeline? Is it pretty concentrated in China or another geography, or do you see pretty good geographic distribution of that pipeline? Thank you. I think the distribution is pretty fair. In fact, a lot of people think we have a high concentration on China, which is wrong. I would say that 15%, 15% of our pipeline is from China. And from that, you can see that we have probably a little higher percentage in Europe, and that's probably and everything else is probably well distributed. And Quinn, I might add on top of that that our pipeline methodology is really it was started and designed to focus on L2+ opportunities, but the pace of adoption in China and the design cycles are very quick relative to the rest of the market. We kind of pegged our six-year cycle to try and be a good proxy for a Western design cycle for models and for programs. And so our six-year funnel, I think, may not show all of the opportunity in China because those programs in China are quicker. So when Fermi says that the funnel has approximately 15%, that's another factor to consider. Got it. Thank you. Thank you. Our next question comes from Christopher Rolland with Susquehanna. Your line is open. Hey, thanks for the question. And yeah, similar to the last one, can you talk about your current geographic mix and why this might have led to outperformance versus some of your peers, those with, I guess, EU exposure in particular? And then just tying into this as well, there's a worry that there might be Chinese EV shipments ahead in front of tariffs, both EU and US. Do you think that that's going to come back to haunt us all in the auto segment at all, or do you think you're pretty clean from that perspective? Thanks. Right. So first of all, that exposure I talked about, my answer, Quinn's question is about the distribution of our pipeline. It's not about distribution of current revenue. That distribution of current revenue is quite different than the pipeline. So if I understand your question, you're asking whether we have a lot of exposure on different geographic locations, particularly focus on our current revenue. I would say majority of our revenue coming from the U.S., although it's manufacturing in Asia, but the end market, a big portion is the U.S. And then there are some European markets. Then Japan, Korea are all very big. And in China, again, also 15% of total revenue exposure in China. So that's how our current revenue is distributed based on the geographical locations. And then you asked about the geopolitical situation. My gut feeling is if that situation changes, Ambarella is not going to be the only one. Maybe we'll probably have some impact, but not the biggest impact. But however, this is going to change if the geopolitical situation continues to get worse, which I think it will. It really depends on how much more tighten the rule is going to be. And the worst situation, of course, is that the whole supply chain gets separated, that the U.S. component cannot go into China and vice versa. Then we're facing a totally different environment, and then we probably need to write off our 15% total Chinese revenue. But I would say that's not just impact to Ambarella. It's impact to the whole industry. For us, I don't think there's anything particularly only target for Ambarella in terms of geopolitical risk. In the past, we had a lot of risk with Hikvision and Dahua that was four years ago, way past us. And our current revenue exposure is 15%, half automotive, half IoT. So I would say that we don't have a very significant geopolitical risk target on Ambarella only. Thank you for that, Fermi. And then you mentioned something in the prepared remarks about a legacy processor, I think, that continued to sustain, and maybe that weight on margins. I wasn't quite sure there, but maybe talk about that. And then when we could get a margin lift in particular in next fiscal year and what the moving parts there would be for that gross margin lift. Thanks. Yeah. Let me point you to the direction that, for example, we did mention our video processor revenue growing in Q3. That was the first time for the last 10 years. Although when we talk about gross margin, we talk about our—what's the word we use?—legacy products. So video processor is part of that, and there are other processors in there. But however, you can see that definitely that's one reason we start feeling a little pressure on the gross margin side. But I will say that the gross margin is really about mix. Every time when our mix changes, usually you will see our gross margin move up and down a little bit. But like what we have been saying for quarters, we continue to believe that our gross margin will move gradually into our long-term gross margin model, which is 59%-62%, and it will take over time to get there. Excellent. Thanks, Fermi. `Thank you. Our next question comes from Kevin Cassidy with Rosenblatt Securities. Your line is open. Yes. Thanks for taking my question. And maybe a slightly different subject. Can you talk more about your two-nanometer development? When do you expect tape-out and the target end markets for those products? Yes. Thank you. First of all, we already kicked off two-nanometer projects on our engineering roadmap, and we have engineers working on it. We expect the first two-nanometer chip will tape out, let me say, Q4 next year in that period of time. And of course, the first chip target is for IoT and our enterprise IoT, as well as IoT other sections will benefit from this. But of course, that our two-nanometer is also very important. You should consider two-nanometer as a family chip, just like what we did with 5 nano and 10 nano. For two-nanometer chip, it's important for us to consider building up our new technology to address the need of new AI platforms and new AI workloads like GenAI and other types of transformer networks. We definitely will upgrade our architecture based on our two-nanometer process node. Okay. Great. Sounds exciting. Maybe just from John's point of view, is the OpEx include all the spending for two-nanometer as you go through the fiscal year 2026? Yeah. I mean, we haven't given guidance for 2026 for OpEx yet. As Fermi said, we're already amortizing the costs for the two-nano project. I think I would expect OpEx to increase as a just absolute number next year. The two-nano project is already baked into the run rate. Okay. Great. Thanks. Congratulations. Thank you. Thank you. Our next question comes from David O'Connor with BNP Paribas. Your line is open. Yeah. Great. Thanks for taking my question. Maybe two from my side, if I may. Just first, you guys on the auto funnel again, going from that 2.4 down to 2.2, can you kind of break that out? How much was kind of canceled and then how much was added back in? Just to give a sense of kind of the relative size of those cancellations. And also kind of on those cancellations, anything you can share geographically of where you saw most of those cancellations? And I have a follow-up. Right. So I think the right word to describe that chart, if you look at all of the decrease and increase, it's volatile, right? And in fact, it's volatile for reasons that, first of all, a lot of our customers are pushing out the project, and some of them reduced the forecast. But definitely, there are multiple projects that got canceled. Most of the cancellation happens in Europe and in the US. And obviously, there's definitely projects that can't because of software reasons or other transactions that impacted the roadmap of the company. So I think that definitely plays a big portion of the movement of our pipeline. But I will say that we add a project in there also based on the engagement level two plus. So there's plus and minus. But in one column, I want to make clear that, of course, we have new design wins in there that we already announced. There are design wins we haven't announced. But there's the downside is also mainly for a lot of our projects that we won last year, and the forecast continues being reduced. Some of them are reduced by 10%. Some of them are reduced by even larger margins. So that's the combination that we're dealing with in our pipeline. Thanks, Fermi. That's very helpful. And just one follow-on. Just in China again, you mentioned, I think John mentioned it's 15% of sales today. And also you said kind of in the pipeline, it's 15% as well, China. But then China is innovating a lot faster. So can you just go back and explain why China isn't higher in the mix? Or where should China land in kind of a steady state in terms of the mix, really? Thanks. Well, first of all, I think John just tried to explain that even we won a design win from China because the design cycle usually is two to three years instead of five to six years. So the impact, every Chinese design win, doesn't matter if it's one or in pipeline, you only occupy three out of six years of that funnel. So that's why just from that point of view, China represents smaller than the reality. Because all the other projects like U.S. or Europe or even Japan, Korea, usually any design win is five to six years of pipeline. So I think that's one reason that John tried to say is because of that two to three-year design cycle, you make China a number smaller than it should be. Thanks, guys. Thank you. Our next question comes from Suji Desilva with Roth Capital. Your line is open. Hi, Fermi. Hi, John. So on the L2 Plus wins you have, can you talk about the competitive landscape and your design win share across those? I'm curious how impactful the Conti-Bosch partnerships are in helping you secure those wins. Yeah. In fact, the competitive landscape didn't change. Outside China, in fact, the worldwide is Nvidia, Qualcomm, and Mobileye, and us, right? The four companies. In China, you have to add the Horizon Robotics in there. I think those are probably the companies we're competing against. I think Conti and Bosch continue to play a major role because right now, with all the OEM design wins, outside China, OEMs still want to work with a tier one. Our role to OEM is really providing silicon and sometimes providing software. But they always need a tier one sitting in between. That Conti and the Bosch always play a major role because they are building on the design win. We are helping them to build on those design wins. Working closely with a Tier 1 continues to be important for us. Okay. All right. right. Thanks, Fermi. And then my other question is on the customers and helping kind of adoption. You said customer software readiness is one of the factors in the timing of adoption. Is there anything you can do from your end to help that equation, help speed that cycle along with software readiness? Or is that something you just have to have the customer do and then they're ready to adopt you? Absolutely. That's one thing we really focus on to do. First of all, for example, we already introduced our software stack to many people. More importantly, we already showed some of our important customers that using our software stack, which is designed for level four, we can easily, in less than two months, adapt it to the level two plus type of a sensor configuration. That quick updation from level four to level two plus really helps customers to understand using our software, they can easily, and our silicon, of course, but it can easily move from level two plus, level three, and level four. That is important because that really significantly reduces their software investment. That's one. Two, we also have a business model to enable our customers by licensing whatever software module they think that they can leverage. For example, we knew that we are doing quite well on the perception side. We definitely believe that we are one of the few really demoing using HD Map to do perception and driving. Those kinds of function features are very welcome. We are helping if any customer wants to use those function features. We are open to license and helping them to integrate to their other software stack. I think the combination that we have our own software that is scalable from the level two to level four, and also we are willing to license IP that can help our customers. I think those are two areas we can definitely help our customers to speed up their software development. Okay. Thanks, Fermi. Thank you. Our next question comes from Martin Yang with Oppenheimer & Co. Your line is open. Thank you for taking my question. Only one question regarding the automotive pipeline change. Given where you're seeing with European customers and US customers, does it change your outlook for potential margin contribution from those automotive design wins? Yeah. In fact, we talk about when we go into production with the CV3, our gross margin definitely is going to be in the low end of our long-term gross margin model. So I think that's just because we are competing with the largest possible semiconductor company out there, and we're expecting a steep competition. So that definitely will change. But however, in the short term, I continue to believe that we will maintain our current gross margin model, which is 59%-62%. And although we are running above it for many quarters now, but we think we're gradually moving back to that range. Got it. A quick follow-up. So again, broad picture, company-wide margin, where do you think what factor would drive the margins? Do you think it's mix or any other factors you would point out that have a bigger influence on the long-term margin outlook? Yeah. So if you look at only short-term quarter-to-quarter, mix is the only reason. Every quarter, when our product mix that we sell differently, that changes our gross margin. You see that in Q3, gross margin goes to the low end because of mix. But if you look at long-term, I really think that before we hit CV3, we continue to move to our strategy is always try to sell value to our customer. And when we move to five-nanometer, people ask, "Can you really continue to maintain your gross margin model with a higher cost of five-nano?" And we prove that we can. So I think for our current business, particularly current IoT and automotive business, we are quite comfortable about our guidance on the gross margin profile. But I think CV3, we still have time to work on it, to work with our supply chain and so on. So I will say that I think although we guided lower than our current gross margin to a low end of our gross margin model, but I still think we have time to work on it. Got it. Thank you, Fermi. Thank you. Our next question comes from Richard Shannon with Craig-Hallum. Your line is open. Hello. Thanks for taking my questions as well. We haven't had a lot of discussion on GenAI in this call. So maybe, Fermi, if you can talk about the progress here since you announced this initiative, I think just over a year ago, how that's building out here. Maybe if you want to use it in the framework you're talking about your funnel in the automotive space, talk about it with GenAI. I guess I'd love to hear about that. Yeah. In the last four quarters, I think it's become very clear to me and to the company. GenAI is going to impact not only just outside our current market. In fact, all our current market will be impacted by GenAI in a different way. In fact, all our customers are looking at how GenAI type of GenAI model is going to impact their business. So it's important for us to understand how our customers want and engage with them as early as possible. So we engaged with them, start with N1, I would say, five to six quarters ago. And we showed them what we can do with N1 type of performance. And we're still working with several customers on the POC and potentially products. And at the same time, when we realized that our customers, in fact, our current customers told us they need to start looking at GenAI and looking at the CLIP type of function or other type of a large language model to help their business, we start looking at CV72 or CV75 type of product. How does that support our current customers? And frankly, we are very pleased to find out that the chip, CV72 and CV75, we defined for the enterprise security business can be used to run a large language model. Although it's not large, but it's a 3 billion parameter CLIP type of a neural network and any derivative of that. So it definitely helped our customers to start looking at how the CLIP can run on this kind of edge device, the camera. We're talking about a 5-watt chip running a 3 billion parameters, which is very difficult to find in the market today. And more on top of that, in fact, a lot of the traditional security camera service providers, for example, those consumer or IoT home suppliers like Ring, like Nest, they just announced that they're going to use GenAI type of service. In fact, they all announced running CLIP type of a neural network on the server. And they charge a customer $10 a month. And we think that we can enable similar services at edge and significantly reduce the cost of enabling that service. So, I think we start seeing a new trend that GenAI is not just for large language model for OpenAI type of company. In fact, it will come down to apply to all the major current customers and maybe even other customers we can serve with. So, talk about GenAI strategy. First of all, we continue to use N1 and the CV7 family to engage customers. We believe we're going to see some of our customers putting a CLIP type of network onto our CV7 family camera sometime next year. And that will be a first revenue from CV7. And we believe 2026, we're going to see some N1 revenue as we expected. But more importantly, I think to address this GenAI platform, I think our two-nanometer process is going to play a major role because we believe to solve the GenAI in an appropriate architecture, we need to go to the most advanced node. Of course, we need to solve not only just the processing performance, but also DRAM bandwidth. But I think we do have a plan to address both. Okay. A lot of detail there, Fermi. I'll follow up with that one a little bit later. But thanks for all that. Thank you. My follow-on question here is, so obviously, as you just detailed in a prior question here about the competitive dynamics here, competitive environment where you're the smallest company out there and probably later to market, what kind of with all the push-outs that we've seen in the automotive space as exemplified in your funnel change year and year here, do you think this is going to end up being a net positive for you, allowing you to catch up in any manner? Maybe just kind of discuss how the changes in the environment are going to be beneficial for you. Well, first of all, I think the push, like I said, the push-outs because, one, the price needs to be right, right? Two, the software needs to be ready. And both of them, I think the market or the current OEMs are definitely looking for both of that. And Ambarella definitely has a solution for both. Our BOM costs, our lower power consumption, so you can have a much lower cost on the battery and power dissipation solution. That definitely helps. The other one is software solution. We think we have a scalable software solution that can easily scale from level two to level four. I haven't seen we definitely believe that also is helpful. So I won't say that the delay is going to help us, but I definitely think that we have a solution for the reason of the delays. Fair enough. Thank you, Fermi. Thank you. Thank you. Our next question comes from Gus Richard with Northland Capital Markets. Your line is open. Yes. Thanks for taking my question and congratulations on the strong results. Just going back to the AI in consumer cameras, how much of an ASP uplift would that provide you guys as that capability rolls out? Right. So first of all, today, our average ASP, the company-wide average ASP, I would say is around $12-$13, and it's continued going up, and going up because our CV2, for example, our CV2 family ASP is around $18-$19. Our CV5, like I said, is anywhere between $25-$50, and the CV7 is probably somewhere between CV7 family, let me make clear, CV75 and CV72, is anywhere between high teens to probably $30-$40, so you can see that the trend is definitely we're building more capability into our chip for AI performance and therefore driving up the ASP, so we continue to expect our ASP growth will be there. Got it. And then just given the change in administration, securing the border, deporting a bunch of people, I would imagine that the demand for security cameras is going to increase. And I'm just wondering, at this point, are you seeing any uptick from your enterprise customers or potentially government entities? We definitely see that IoT enterprise continues to grow. In fact, we always say that we believe this year and next year, IoT enterprise continues to grow in a healthy way for us. I think that might reflect what you just said. But I definitely think that the current overall environment will continue to drive security camera growth. Got it. Thanks so much. Thank you. Thank you. I'm showing no further questions at this time. I would now like to turn it back to Fermi Wang, President and CEO, for closing remarks. I would like to thank everyone who participated today. Looking forward to seeing you on the different roadshow and/or CES. Thank you very much.