Good evenings, Welcome to Aurora's Q2 2023 Business Review Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. A brief question and answer session will follow the formal presentation. If anyone should require operator assistance during the conference, please press star 0 on your telephone keypad. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. It is now my pleasure to introduce your host, Stacy Feit, Vice President of Investor Relations. Thank you, Stacy. You may begin. Thanks, Alicia. Good afternoon, everyone, welcome to our Q2 2023 business review call. We announced our results earlier this afternoon. Our shareholder letter and a presentation to accompany this call are available on our investor relations website at ir.aurora.tech. The shareholder letter was also furnished with our Form 8-K filed today with the SEC. On the call with me today are Chris Urmson, Co-founder and CEO, and David Maday, CFO. Chris will provide an update on the progress we have made across the key pillars of our business, Dave will recap our Q2 Financial Results. We will open the call to Q&A. A recording of this conference call will be available on our investor relations website at ir.aurora.tech shortly after this call has ended. I'd like to take this opportunity to remind you that during the call, we will be making forward-looking statements. This includes statements relating to the achievement of certain milestones around and realization of the potential benefits of the development, manufacturing, scaling, and commercialization of the Aurora Driver and Aurora Horizon on our anticipated timeframe, the expected performance of our business and potential opportunities with partners and customers, expected contract commitments from customers for our products and services, expected cash runway and overall future prospects. These statements are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected or implied during this call. In particular, those described in our risk factors included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC, as well as the current uncertainty and unpredictability in our business, the markets and economy. Additional information will also be set forth in our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2023. You should not rely on our forward-looking statements as prediction of future events. All forward-looking statements that we make on this call are based on assumptions and beliefs as of the date hereof, and Aurora disclaims any obligation to update any forward-looking statements as required by law. Our discussion today may include non-GAAP financial measures. These non-GAAP measures should be considered in addition to and not a substitute for or an isolation from, our GAAP results. Information regarding our non-GAAP financial results, including a reconciliation of our historical GAAP to non-GAAP results, may be found in our shareholder letter, which was furnished with our Form 8-K filed today with the SEC, and may also, may also be found on our investor relations website. With that, I'll now turn the call over to Chris. Thank you, Stacy. It's been a remarkable time at Aurora, coming off the accomplishments of the Q1, in which we achieved our critical feature complete milestone at the end of March. During the Q2, we made strong progress toward closing the Aurora Driver safety case, enhancing our autonomy performance, and expanding our partner ecosystem to support the growth of our business for years to come. Successful execution against our roadmap to launch Aurora Horizon, our autonomous trucking subscription service, has continued to move us significantly closer to fully autonomous commercial operations. With this tremendous progress, we raised $853 million of total gross proceeds through a public offering, including the exercise of the underwriter's over-allotment option and concurrent private placement of Class A common stock. We received very strong support from key institutional and strategic investors. We expect our total liquidity, including the net proceeds from the successful fundraise of $1.6 billion, to fund us through our planned commercial launch and into the second half of 2025. Raising this amount of capital in the current discerning capital markets environment is truly a testament to the special company and product we're building. Throughout Aurora's history and in this most recent fundraise, we have had strong support from top-tier institutional and strategic investors. We're fortunate to have these incredible partners. We see this fundraising as continued validation from some of the most sophisticated investors in the world, who are recognizing our industry-leading progress and the enormous potential that lies ahead. Given that the competitive field has thinned dramatically, we are more confident than ever in our leadership position. We're delighted to see Aurora featured in the Netflix series, Working: What We Do All Day, which premiered in May and explores the meaning of work in a time of rapid change. Produced and hosted by former President Barack Obama, the docuseries provides a glimpse into how we're building a company with an unmatched team and culture, as well as new innovative career opportunities. As part of the series, we were proud to give President Obama a ride in a fully autonomous, Aurora Driver-powered Toyota Sienna, operating without a safety driver on our Pittsburgh proving grounds. This is the first time a U.S. president has ridden in an autonomous vehicle. Consistent with our approach to readiness for our commercial launch, we completed a tailored safety case for this operating domain. Seeing the former president's excitement for, and comfort with our technology was an incredibly rewarding moment for our team. In preparing to transport one of the most highly regarded and well-protected individuals in the world, the process underscored our confidence in and the power of our safety case-based approach to the commercial launch of Aurora Horizon. As we've stated, the Aurora Driver will be ready to launch when we have a closed safety case for our Dallas to Houston lane. Our safety case is a comprehensive, evidence-based approach to confirming our self-driving vehicles are acceptably safe to operate on public roads. It goes beyond just ensuring the vehicle drives well enough for a demo. Rather, it demonstrates that our product and our company are holistically and sustainably safe. The autonomy, autonomy readiness measure, or ARM, is weighted as a weighted measure of completeness across all claims of our safety case for our launch lane. It reflects the percentage of work needed to move from feature complete to our next critical milestone, Aurora Driver Ready. We've continued to make meaningful progress toward closing our launch safety case, achieving an ARM of 65% as of June 30, 2023. This 21-point increase during the Q2 is a strong reflection of our advancement and keeps us on track to achieve Aurora Driver Ready later this year. Looking to the second half of 2023, much of the remaining work will be focused on completing the final validation to address the claims in the first pillar of our safety case framework, Proficient. We define this as the self-driving vehicle is acceptably safe during nominal operation, or in other words, we drive well when everything is working as intended. While on-road testing is important, an autonomy system's performance must be validated against a vast number of scenarios, many of which are thankfully rare on public roads. Getting adequate exposure to rare, challenging scenarios by accumulating on-road miles alone is infeasible. In turn, a key component of our approach leverages Aurora's virtual testing suite to amplify exposure to rare events, to sufficiently test the Aurora Driver's performance in those scenarios. We do this in two ways. First, important but rare on-road events the Aurora Driver has encountered are turned into simulation tests, and we create variations to further challenge the system's performance in these scenarios. You can see an illustrative example of this on page seven of the slide deck. Second, for events so rare the Aurora Driver has not experienced them on the road, we synthetically generate simulation tests using the established NHTSA Collection, Collision categorization, which enumerates the ways vehicles get into crashes. We've included the NHTSA collision taxonomy and an example of a set of these tests on page 8 of the slide deck, to give you a sense of the comprehensive nature of this analysis. For these imminent collision scenarios and rare on-road events the Aurora Driver has encountered, we are creating tens of thousands of tests. Similar to the expected performance of a human driver, the Aurora Driver is being designed to avoid a collision in these scenarios, if possible. If a collision is not avoidable, as in scenarios where another actor's behavior renders a collision inevitable, the Aurora Driver is designed to mitigate adverse outcomes. For example, attempting to reduce the impact if a slow-moving vehicle were to cut in unsafely close to our truck, just as a human driver should. Success of these tests will give us the conviction that the Aurora Driver is designed to do the right thing in these rare scenarios. In addition to supporting the closure of the safety case for our Dallas to Houston launch lane, we expect this framework to make the incremental validation straightforward for our planned future lane expansion. We will analyze the differences between existing lanes and the new lane and add new validation tests as needed to support the scaling of our business. To further demonstrate our confidence in the Aurora Driver's expected performance on our Dallas to Houston launch lane, specifically, we looked at available accident reports for fatal collisions that involved a tractor-trailer for the years 2018 through 2022. We simulated those collisions to understand how the Aurora Driver would have acted under similar circumstances. Of the 32 collisions, there were 29 where the Aurora Driver could have been operating the initiating vehicle. Based on our analysis, we believe that had the Aurora Driver been driving, the combination of its powerful sensor suite and attentive driving behavior would have prevented these collisions. Said simply, none of these fatal collisions would have occurred. On page 10 of the slide deck, we've included an example of one of these simulations that demonstrates the Aurora Driver would have avoided a fatal collision that occurred on I-45. In this real-life situation, the Texas Department of Transportation crash, crash report showed that a driver, who was suspected of using their cell phone and texting, crossed over into the oncoming traffic lanes and crashed head-on into another vehicle. The impact caused a rotation of the vehicles across multiple lanes of the highway. A tractor-trailer encountered the crash scene and swerved to try to avoid hitting the vehicles, but was unsuccessful. It collided with the wrong-way driver and tragically, 2 people were killed. We simulated a recreation of this scenario, and as you can see in the video, as soon as the Aurora Driver perceives the wrong-way driver, it initiates a lane change to navigate around the oncoming vehicle. As it becomes clear to the Aurora Driver that the 2 vehicles are about to collide with one another, the Aurora Driver slows its speed from 65 miles per hour and attempts to lane change again to avoid contact with the vehicles that have just collided. When one of the vehicles then spins out and blocks the outer lane as well, the Aurora Driver safely adjusts its course to come to a full stop as it approaches the accident scene. Executing these successful maneuvers enables the Aurora Driver to avoid contact with both vehicles at the scene. Taking a step back, each year, that there, there are approximately half a million truck crashes on U.S. roads, and nearly 6,000 people lost their lives in truck-related crashes in 2021. We believe our technology can meaningfully reduce the risk. This is just one very powerful example of this potential. As we work toward completing the necessary validation to close the Aurora Driver safety case for our commercial launch lane, we're continuing our quarterly product release cadence... Following the achievement of our feature complete milestone for the Aurora Driver at the end of the Q1, our product release is now focused on delivering the totality of Aurora Horizon. During the Q2, we released Aurora Horizon Beta 7.0. Let me share some of the notable advancements on our Dallas to Houston launch lane. First and foremost, we enhanced on-road autonomy performance. We also put in place a standard terminal flow, incorporating terminal configuration, launching and landing of trucks and autonomy via our terminal app, and pre- and post-trip commercial procedures, including fueling, on-site weigh stations, and tractor-trailer inspection. We increased on-site service and maintenance capabilities, including repair service for customer trailers via our partnership with Ryder, to drive higher asset utilization and better network performance. We strengthened our command center capabilities, including our remote assistance support, dispatch functionality, and asset management. Beta 7.0 demonstrates that Aurora Horizon's performance, commercial scale, and overall readiness are progressing on pace with Aurora Driver Ready at commercial launch requirements. With each advancing product release, we enable our customers to further experience Aurora Horizon as it is designed to operate at launch. During the Q2, we unlocked the ability to run complete mock driverless runs, incorporating all components of the driverless process, including pre-mission, on-road, and post-mission elements. Through these mock missions, we are honing various operational and technical elements in advance of commercial launch. During the Q2, our pilot activity exceeded our target to autonomously haul 50 loads per week for our customers. As we continue to scale our operations, we are now logging over 17,000 commercial miles per week, and have already hauled over 1,300 loads year-to-date through July 31st, exceeding the number of loads we hauled for the entirety of 2022. Cumulative to date, through July 31st, we have autonomously delivered, under the supervision of vehicle operators, 2,290 loads, driving more than 630,000 commercial miles, with nearly 100% on-time performance for our customers, including FedEx, Werner, Schneider, and Uber Freight. We continue to see strong interest from our customers and are working to integrate Aurora Horizon into their existing networks. We remain on plan to contract loads from commercial launch through 2025 by the end of this year. One way we measure our performance to successfully operate the Aurora Horizon service is through the on-road autonomy performance indicator, or API. This metric allows us to track not just the state of our technology, but the maturity of our processes and procedures in operating our business. The indicator penalizes the use of on-site support, which be the most expensive support provided to enable the Horizon service. For the Q2 of 2023, the API was 97%, a sequential increase from the first Q1 of 2023. The API represents the percentage of commercially relevant miles driven on our launch lane, where the Aurora Driver would have operated safely and successfully without needing someone to touch the vehicle. We share a more precise definition in the shareholder letter and on page 15 of the slide deck. Notably, none of the support our vehicles received was required to keep the vehicles operating safely. In over 100,000 commercially representative miles driven on the launch lane in 2023, including over 65,000 commercial miles during the Q2, we experienced 0 safety-critical interventions. Across the commercially representative loads completed in pilot operations on our launch lane in the Q2, we saw a meaningful enhancement of autonomy performance versus the Q1, with about half of these loads having an API of 100% and nearly 75% with an API greater than or equal to 99%. As a reminder, we do not anticipate that aggregate API will be 100% even at launch, because certain situations, for example, flat tires, will always require on-site support. As we look ahead to commercial launch and beyond, scalability and ultimately our profitability, will be supported by a reduction in the level of on-site support required. We believe it is important to hold our teams accountable to delivering a complete, commercially representative product and evaluating its performance on this basis. The API is one way we can do this. Our work with our truck OEM partners, PACCAR and Volvo Trucks, and our new hardware-as-a-service partner, Continental, continues to progress as we prepare for commercial launch and beyond. During the Q2, PACCAR completed a 1.5 million equivalent mile durability test of a Kenworth cab with the Aurora Driver hardware installed. The Aurora Driver hardware remained fully functional at the end of the test. Volvo Autonomous Solutions and Aurora expect to begin testing an autonomy-enabled prototype, Volvo VNL, powered by the Aurora Driver, in the Q1 of 2024. Separately, Volvo Autonomous Solutions has expanded its footprint in North America with the establishment and of an office in Texas, and started manual operations in preparation for the commercial launch of its autonomous hub-to-hub transport solution, powered by the Aurora Driver. In April, we announced a long-term partnership with Continental to develop, manufacture, and service a commercially scalable future generation of the Aurora Driver's hardware kit. Continental has already started development efforts to scale the Aurora Driver. In addition, the partnership's hardware-as-a-service structure will enable Aurora to pay for the hardware on a per-mile basis. This structure is a first of its kind for this industry and aligns with and supports our highly capital-efficient driver-as-a-service business model. The model also drives significant value alignment among us, Continental, and our customers. We believe industrializing our hardware kit through this partnership will help us achieve the commercial scale and cost structure necessary to support our long-term profitability objectives. Finally, I'm immensely proud of our safety culture at Aurora. We finished the Q2 in June, celebrating National Safety Month. At Aurora, the concept of safety is top of mind all day, every day, especially as the self-driving industry continues to grow and evolve. Automated vehicles should be one of the tools in society's collective toolkit to greatly reduce the unnecessary loss of human life on our roadways. Our ability to deliver on a self-driving future hinges on our relentless commitment to safety and transparency. As we continue our evolution from a research and development company to a product company, we announced a leadership transition in June with Dave Maday assuming the role of Chief Financial Officer. Before taking on this role, Dave ran business development and product strategy at Aurora and brings deep experience in finance that will benefit us as we approach commercialization. Prior to joining Aurora, Dave spent over 20 years at General Motors, including leading the transformation of GM's product program finance organization, supporting accelerated growth and resource efficiency across a multibillion-dollar annual CapEx budget. Dave is a highly accomplished finance leader with a proven track record of managing profitable enterprises at scale. With Dave's strategic acumen and deep familiarity with Aurora's product, business, and customers, I'm confident we will accelerate our commercial performance while simultaneously increasing our financial discipline across the business. In closing, on the heels of our recent capital raise and strong technical and commercial advancement, we entered the second half of 2023 with strong momentum toward achieving the Aurora Driver Ready milestone by the end of the year, which in turn prepares us for our anticipated commercial launch by the end of 2024. The magnitude of our recent capital raise represents a tremendous endorsement and the market's confidence in Aurora's ability to deliver. Our position continues to strengthen as we execute and build our coalition of partners. At the same time, the competitive landscape in autonomous trucking has thinned, offering an even more compelling opportunity for those who continue to execute. Our world-class team, partners, and investors recognize Aurora is well positioned to commercialize this technology and generate significant value for our customers and shareholders. With that, I'll now pass it over to Dave, who will review our financial results. Thank you, Chris. Let's discuss our financial results. During the Q2 of 2023, we continued to demonstrate strong fiscal discipline while ensuring the team is able to effectively execute our roadmap to launch Aurora Horizon. Q2 2023 operating expenses, including stock-based compensation, totaled $217 million. Excluding stock-based compensation of $43 million, operating expenses totaled $174 million. Within operating expenses, our R&D expenses, excluding $37 million in stock-based compensation, totaled $150 million. SG&A expenses, excluding $6 million in stock-based compensation, were $24 million. With the Aurora Driver in the final phase of refinement and validation, and all revenue under the collaboration framework agreement with Toyota previously recognized, we did not record any revenue during the Q2 of 2023. We used approximately $182 million in operating cash during the Q2 of 2023, which includes $49 million in payments associated with our 2022 annual incentive compensation program. In the prior year, incentive compensation payments were made during the Q1. During the Q2 of 2022, we received a cash payment of $48 million under the collaboration project plan with Toyota. The Q2 of 2023 was not impacted by this cash activity. Capital expenditures totaled $4 million in the Q2 of 2023. We ended the Q2 with a very strong balance sheet, including $785 million in cash and short-term investments. Subsequent to the quarter end, we raised $853 million of total gross proceeds through our public offering, including the exercise of the underwriter's over-allotment option and the concurrent private placement, which further solidifies our balance sheet. In conjunction with the capital raise, we shared some incremental financial information. We estimate quarterly cash use of $175 million-$185 million on average from the Q3 of 2023 through planned commercial launch. Prior to the capital raise, we estimated needing $1.6 billion-$1.7 billion in incremental capital beyond our then existing balance sheet capital, to become free cash flow positive on a run rate basis by the end of 2027. The $853 million fundraise we completed reflects roughly half of that incremental capital. With $828 million in net proceeds from the offerings and our cash and short-term investments balance at June 30th, we expect our total liquidity of $1.6 billion to support our planned commercial launch at the end of 2024 and fund operations into the second half of 2025. With that, we'll now open the call to Q&A. Thank you. We will now be conducting a question and answer session. If you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad. A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press star two if you would like to remove your question from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the star keys. One moment please, while we poll for questions. Thank you. Our first question comes from George Gianarikas with Canaccord Genuity. Please proceed with your question. Everyone, and thank you for taking my question. I, I'd like to ask a broader industry question and look for your insights as to what you think is happening in terms of the competitive landscape, particularly with Waymo's recent decision to slow down the development of its autonomous trucking platform. I mean, when you look at the landscape, it's you and maybe some other upstarts like Kodiak or Plus. I'm curious as to whether you can help us understand what you think drove their decision and how you see the landscape evolving over the next several years. Thank you. Yeah. Thank you, George. First I'd say it's an incredibly exciting time in automated vehicles. You know, we feel like we're making tremendous progress and looking to launch our trucks next year. It's really exciting to see what companies like Waymo and Cruise are able to do with passenger vehicles in, in urban environments. You know, it's, it's just exciting to see as somebody who's been working in this space for a long time. For us, we have said for many years that we expected the, you know, consolidation to happen and the landscape to clear, and that we've been building the companies, whether it's through the capital partners we've developed or the strategic bets we've made on technology, to be positioned to be one of the folks who will come out and have an impact and, and, you know, be victorious in this space. We look at investments we made, like the acquisition of Blackmore, five years ago, that led to the FirstLight Lidar technology that we see as a critical element of delivering a safe trucking product. We don't see others with that capability. We, we look at things like our investment in simulation and the speed that that gives us, and our ability to iterate and the, the ability for us to validate our system efficiently. Those are bets we made, you know, 5+ years ago and are, are really coming to fruition today. The strength of the partnerships we've put in place, whether it's with our customers or with our OEM partners, that those are differentiating and enabling us to be successful. We also look at a, a, a thin landscape and, you know, honestly, we focus on what we're doing ourselves. Really, for the next decade, we see this as a pie that will grow rather than something where we're fighting over slices in the pie. You know, it's, it's exciting the progress we're making and exciting to see the, the endorsement we're able to get from, you know, some very smart investors. If I could just ask a follow-up and change gears for a second. I'd like to ask about scalability. You know, over the next couple, few years, as you add additional lanes, can you just talk about the incremental learnings that are required, incremental spending that's required to open those up, and how, you know, you feel about the solution? Thanks. Yeah, this has been a critical part of the way we've thought about the problem from day one, is that, you know, again, I've been working on this for 20 years now and, you know, there's been a lot of demos along the way. Those have been important learning moments. In building Aurora, we knew from day one that it was not about a science project or a demo. It was about how do we deliver technology that will ultimately be scalable, be commercially viable, and actually allow us to build a real business and, and benefit society and, and benefit our shareholders and our customers. So things like our approach to safety, and, you know, the Safety Case Framework, which holistically looks at our business and allows us to really think about the components that make up safety, you know, enable us to be in a position to scale. Things again, like I mentioned in this call today, the work we're doing around testing very rare events. Well, we have a collection of those that we anticipate we might occur, might encounter on our initial launch lane. As we move to new launch lanes or new lanes, we can potentially expand those. Concretely, as we think about moving from Dallas to Houston to Fort Worth-El Paso, which we anticipate to be our second lane, you know, there's really 2 differences. One is that you have to drive through a Customs and Border Patrol station, and the other is that there's a big hill. Today, we're, as far as we know, the only company that's operating regularly, autonomously through that Border Patrol station, and that's due to a partnership that we've put in place with Customs and Border Patrol. You know, that tells you a little bit about the, the efforts and, and engagement we have with regulators and, and public policy folks. Today we do that, but we won't be validating that until we decide that it's time to start focusing on turning on that lane. The other big difference is the fact that there's a big hill. Why does that matter? Well, you can't just use the, the service brakes to go down the hill because you'll cook them and reduce your braking capability. We have to use engine braking. Well, our system does that today, but we haven't fully validated it, and that'll be another one of those small features that we'll have to validate as we unlock that lane. As we think about rolling out to other lanes, I'm sure that as we go from El Paso to Phoenix or from Dallas to Atlanta, there'll be small, incremental things like that we'll have to do, but the vast majority of the driving will be consistent and transferable, and we expect that to lead to a very scalable system. Thank you. Pleasure. Thank you. ... Thank you. All right, our next question is from Tom White with D.A. Davidson. Please proceed with your question. Hey, this is Wyatt Swanson on for Tom. Thanks for taking our questions. You guys may have mentioned this in the prepared remarks, but with the capital raise being completed now, does that mean anything different in terms of the timetable toward commercial launch or anything like that? Related to that, you know, is the capital raise going to change cash burn trends going forward? How should we think about that, you know, over the balance of the year and over the next 12 to 18 months? So we've made no secret of the fact that since we went public, we'd need to raise capital. You know, this was the right moment, given combination of factors to be able to attract the capital we need and put that on our balance sheet. It's gonna go primarily towards continuing to deliver and execute on the roadmap we have in place. We continue to expect to be on path to deliver Aurora Driver at the end of this year and to launch commercially next year. Maybe, Dave, do you want to speak to the cash burn trends? Yeah, thanks. I think for the cash burn trends, as, as we indicated, we expect to be relatively consistent on a quarter-by-quarter basis through our planned commercial launch. Because of that, we have a high degree of confidence in kind of the estimated total capital that we need to raise to get to a free cash flow positive basis. We don't have any extraordinary expenses that we're anticipating at this time. Importantly to note, we really have a solid foundation from a headcount and a team perspective, where we don't see a need to grow substantially in any individual area, not only to launch, but then to be able to scale effectively. We're pretty confident in kind of the outlook for the cash burn. One of the, the missions that Dave has is taking over the role as our CFO, is to continue to reinforce and, and enhance our cost discipline. We'll, we'll continue to put pressure there as well. That's very helpful. Thank you very much. Pleasure. Thank you. Thank you. As a reminder, please press star one to ask a question at this time. Our next question comes from David Vernon with Bernstein. Please proceed with your question. Hello, everyone. This is Justine Laufer speaking on behalf of David Vernon. We're just wondering, with these other autonomous trucking companies backing away, is this impacting your partnerships? Are you seeing more players turn to you now for partnerships? That would be great to hear. Thank you. Yeah. Again, we're, you know, we're excited about the position we're in, and, you know, it, it does reinforce a lot of the strategic bets we've made. We continue to have very strong partnerships with PACCAR and Volvo, and together, they make up about half the trucks sold in the U.S. market. We'll continue to, to look and find the right time to add partners to the fleet. Ultimately, we'd love to be driving, you know, every platform that's out there, but we've got some time for that. We look forward to those conversations when they're appropriate. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Our next question comes from Mark Delaney with Goldman Sachs. Please proceed with your question. Yes, good afternoon. Thanks for taking my questions. The first one is on AI. With so much focus in the broader tech industry on AI, I'm hoping to better understand if there's anything with the most recent AI training capabilities and latest GPUs that may help Aurora to more quickly develop its driver technology and the scenarios it can work under. Sure. It is exciting to see what's happening in the large language model space and the generative AI space. What's exciting is a number of the, the, the insights that have driven that have actually been at the foundation of what we've been doing at Aurora since very early on. One of the core technologies that's part of that revolution is the transformer. This is something that we've been using again since, since before it was cool. Use that as part of the way we predict the way other traffic will react to traffic on the road and our behavior, and it's, it's been, again, something we've been using since, I want to say, 2018, 2019. The, you know, a lot of the things that are coming into play there, we've, we've already incorporated. One of the other things that's really interesting is we've talked for a while about the importance of collecting the right data and having high-quality data, and how that drives, you know, good return, and good performance out of your learned models. We're starting to see that become more evident in the large language model spaces, where, you know, some of these smaller companies that may not have access to the same corpuses that the, the tech giants do, are able to get really high-performant models because they have carefully curated the data set they're using. We see that also as indicative of the, the, the kind of the strategic bets that we made early on, being reinforced by outside evidence. Yeah. Really interesting. Thanks for that, Chris. My other question was just to hopefully better understand the testing that you said was done in collaboration with PACCAR, and in particular, given that the truck platforms had been delayed previously and was one of the reasons the, the launch timeline, you know, is now in 2024. Any more color on how that's going and what your confidence and visibility is at this point in the truck platforms being ready for the launch next year? Thanks. Yeah, we, we continue to work with those teams on a daily basis, both with PACCAR and Volvo Truck. In this case, it was a Kenworth cab where we were doing vibration and environments. I think just vibration testing for the equivalent of, I think, 1.5 million miles. You know, internally, we pride ourselves on building and designing reliable hardware. You have to be in this industry. So to have this go through the, the type of testing that they put their, their platforms through and see it ride it out and, and continue to operate, is really an exciting feather in the cap of our engineering team. We continue to believe we're on track to launch a commercial product on the road with no driver in it next year. You know, we'll, if that changes, we'll, of course, provide updates as appropriate. Thank you. Thank you. There are no further questions at this time. This concludes today's teleconference. You may disconnect your lines at this time. Thank you for-