Greetings! Welcome to the BioLargo Second Quarter 2024 Earnings Results Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. If anyone should require operator assistance during the conference, please press star zero on your telephone keypad. Please note this conference is being recorded. I will now hand the conference over to your host, Brian Loper. You may begin. Great. Thank you, Holly. Appreciate that. Good afternoon, everyone, and welcome to BioLargo's Q2 2024 Earnings Results Conference Call for the month ended June 30, 2024. By now, everyone should have had access to the earnings press release, which was issued on August 6. This call is being webcasted and is available for replay. In our remarks today, we will include statements that are considered forward-looking within the meanings of securities laws, including forward-looking statements about future results of operations, business strategies and plans, our relationships with our customers, market, and potential growth opportunities. In addition, management may make additional forward-looking statements in response to your questions. Forward-looking statements are based on management's current knowledge and expectations as of today and are subject to certain risks and uncertainties, and may cause the actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements. A detailed discussion of such risks and uncertainties is contained in our most recent Form 10-K, 10-Q, and other reports filed at the SEC. The company undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements. With that, I will now hand the call over to BioLargo's Chief Executive Officer, Dennis Calvert. Hey, Brian, thank you very much, and thank you, everyone, for joining us. I also want to mention Charles Dargan is with us, our CFO. Charlie, say hi. Are you there? Yep, I'm here. Okay. Thank you very much, Dennis. Thank you for- I'm good. Thank you for being here. Great, we're gonna go quickly. I know a lot of questions about sort of status on some of the business development. It's a burning question everyone wants to talk about. And so, we've had a great quarter. We'll start with that. Record quarter for our announcement. Remember, we're gonna do a quick intro. BioLargo, we make life better. It's a big calling. We focus on innovation to help make the world and people's lives a better life and a better place to a better planet. Also, sustainable innovation, focused on high-impact innovation, keen emphasis on air, water, and energy. Of course, Brian eloquently covered the cautionary forward-looking statements. They're real. Be sure and look at our Qs and our Ks. We do a robust disclosure on risk factors. The nature of our business is high risk. You know, we're innovating things that have never been done before. The good news is that we persevere, and we overcome. That- that's gonna be one of the hallmarks of BioLargo, overcoming the obstacles to success. Who are we? Innovators and scientists, entrepreneurs, passionate about sustainability and human health, driven by a purpose, right? Make life better. Best in class. Best in class is very important. If we didn't think these innovations had a chance to be transformative as a technology innovation that can be a cornerstone of, of making change in the marketplace, we wouldn't do it. We've made considerable investments in some of these assets. We're gonna talk about those in particular. The adoption cycles are very frustrating sometimes, but the innovations, nonetheless, we believe, will find a home in the marketplace for transformative change. Well, some... Some of us take a long time, so we'll talk about that, too. Lots of engineering going on. Our engineers that joined us, gosh, almost 5 years ago, world-class people, 30, 25, 30 years experience all around the world, doing innovation and supporting our innovations for commercial adoption. We focus on problems without good solutions. It's really important. There's something missing in the marketplace. That's where we like to live. At the parent company, we have the finance strategy, very much entrepreneurial spirit. Find a market opportunity, find a way to get adoption, get yourself into the marketplace to create revenue and profit, and ultimately validate technology for massive, what we think is massive opportunities for distribution and partnership. Lots of engineers, lots of R&D. Our group up at Canada is critical as well. $4.5 million in grants secured there over the time. Also an innovator themselves, also support innovation. A lot going on there. Clyra Medical, right? A transformative technology for infection control, as antimicrobials that are used in medical settings. Oh, my goodness! What a very exciting business. That company's been incubated for about 13 years, and it's poised for significance. And we've got some major partnerships that have taken a while to get to where they are, but nonetheless, we're highly encouraged and optimistic about the future, and we believe it's near at hand. Our energy technology is the youngest. We'll talk about the developments there. We've got a unique technology itself for long-duration energy storage. That's batteries built for offloading renewables, balancing the grid, you know, large fixed-site batteries, 20-foot trailers. We'll talk about that. We think it's a transformative technology for long-duration energy storage. ONM, flagship revenue generator for the company. Pooph is the, is the, one of the fastest-growing pet odor control products in the marketplace, breaking records continually. We'll talk about the detail of that and really transform the company and its... Because of its financial performance. We also do a lot of industrial odor control. Over eight years, I think, in the field now, something like that. Really, really become expert in the field of odor and VOC, volatile organic compounds. That's the gases that come off of chemistry and landfills. The equipment group, relatively new, that's focused on commercializing all of our water technologies, including PFAS. PFAS, of course, is a super hot topic. We're gonna go into a little bit of a deeper dive.... I think I'm gonna ask Charlie to take a couple of these next two or three slides and provide some general commentary about these results. We're presenting both quarterly and annual to try and give you a flavor for that. So, Charlie, would you like to speak about some of these? Sure, I'd love to. Thanks, Dennis. And I'm just gonna kinda go through this, the way I see it versus necessarily the slides. But, yeah, as Dennis reported, and we have reported, we had, you know, record revenues, and this was a record quarter for BioLargo, which I am particularly proud of. You know, we did about $5 million in revenue in the three months, and about almost 10, $9.8 million in the six months. We maintained our margins, so we produced gross profits of a little over $2 million for the 2024 three months, and $4.4 million for the six months. Now, while we did report net losses, those are very narrow, and as you can see from our net loss per share, they're almost minuscule. A lot of it has to do with, you know, the non-cash charges that we take for, certainly stock options and other non-cash, expenses that we offer or issue. Those were $670,000 in the three months and almost $1.3 million in the six months. So from an operating perspective, we're making, you know, headway and becoming, you know, pretty close to, you know, cash flow breakeven. And if you look at our cash flow statement, we actually produced $330,000 of positive cash flow from operations in the six months. So very, very happy with that. And if you look at our balance sheet, you know, you get, you get to the point where we look really good. We're $4 million of working capital positive. We have, you know, $4.8 million of cash on the balance sheet, $2.1 million of accounts receivable. So we're doing the right things at the right time. The operations are moving in the right direction, and we have very little as it comes to debt, outside of accounts payable, which are normal parts of our operation. And, you know, we're only carrying about $184,000 in long-term debt, most of which is, I believe, through our, you know, EIDL loans. So, from that perspective, the company is in one of its best positions, certainly from a balance sheet and income statement and a cash flow situation. So, Dennis, kind of back to you. Yeah, no, I think that's great. And then the next slide basically takes our existing, that which you referenced, $9.7 million year-to-date revenue, and it doubles it. That's just a pure math formula. Of course, we're not trying to necessarily provide a projection for that, but we believe the current track will maintain, and we've got a chance to increase it. We believe that's true. Big, big reliance on Pooph. Pooph stays the course, we believe these numbers can become real for the year. But it is, it is a record year. And, Charlie and I have a constant conversation about, you know, when will we be, when will we be in a position, to remove questions about going concern, because we're, we're in profit, earnings per share. And, it's close-- it's closer than everyone might, imagine. It did take us a long time to get here, but it's a very encouraging moment. And I just wanna point out also, the feedback we get in, especially in the OTC microcap community, we are very much, given our balance sheet and our growth rate, an anomaly in the space. It is. It's, you know, as part of the OTCQX, which is a nice stepping stone on the way to success, we are one of a few hundred companies out of 10,000 that have met the specifications to actually remove qualification. We call it, penny stock exempt. Penny stock exempt. And in their lingo, that means that we've had, multiple years of $6 million or more in revenue. We have net shareholder equity that's significant and have met the reporting requirements to qualify with good confidence in the financial statements that we report. A nice designation. Okay. Net shareholder equity. We mention this every time because this is an important number. Notice over the last two years, it's steadily risen, and what that shows is some discipline. It also shows that we have increased revenue, number one, that's the biggest contributor. We've been able to finance some of the expansion of the subsidiaries with direct investment, which really is important because that helps us preserve dilution. I also point out that the 10-Q, if it's not on record at the moment, it'll be on record any minute, so everybody have a chance to see that tonight or in the morning. So it's in process of being filed as we speak. But in that Q, you're gonna notice some very specific things, like, that the company has not needed to raise direct investment through private offerings in Q2, which means no direct private placements with what we call a unit offering, and no dilution from that event. And why is that?... Right? That's the question. Why is that? Well, first reason is because the operating units have continued to grow and generate cash. We've also been able to bring in capital directly into those units. And another key factor is we had some exercise of warrants. And the exercise of warrants, while calculated in your total issued and outstanding, and the fully diluted count, there was some conversion, and so we're thankful for that. That's been very meaningful for the company as well. So generally speaking, this $5.9 million net shareholder equity is important because many of the national exchanges that we believe our company is on the route to being fully qualified for, and we wanna pursue that. Generally speaking, a $5 million net shareholder equity requirement is a prerequisite to listing on an exchange like a NASDAQ exchange. And so we're well in excess of that, and we believe it will continue to grow. So Charlie, you have any comments on those thoughts? Any qualifiers or anything you wanna- Yeah, no, I think you're absolutely right. And, given the way that the operations have been moving and, you know, growing, I believe that, yes, I'm good with our revenue projections. Yeah. Extremely important about stockholders' equity and where we are now, which again, we're gonna continue to grow, which is, you know, necessary for any kind of uplisting or decision for management to make about moving to the NASDAQ. So yes, I, I'm very positive about where the company is and very excited for how we've been growing and where we're headed. Agreed. Yeah. Good. And then, and again, also very careful to preserve dilution. Be very, very careful. We're in such a good position compared to, again, most companies on the OTC or at this stage of development, to be able to finance direct investment into the subsidiaries, which is extraordinarily valuable because it helps preserve on the dilution side of the parent. And the other is we really are pursuing what we call a capital conservation strategy in the way we develop business. You know, and I can get long-winded, I don't wanna do that. But, you know, it's, it's as simple as this idea of build it and they will come, or they come, and then we build it. And, and I say it that way because in many cases, we're patient to build as we have customers, expand staff as we have accounts. Give you an example, the engineering group just landed these new contracts with the Air Force, which are awesome, and those. We expect those to generate about $110,000 or so a month. And we've added, I believe, in the last 60-90 days, four people to the engineering group. So those are highly qualified engineering and support staff, which is awesome. But we did it when we had the contract in hand, okay? So before those staff members come on board, it means everybody's pulling double duty, and then we backfill. And, and while that's hard on the, on the team, it's really good for the income statement and, and the ultimate balance sheet because we have the cash flow to pay those people and expand with money in the bank. So we're really working hard to do that. Same thing in the battery and water technology. Wherever we can, we're focused on that kind of strategy. Okay. Real quick, business units. So of course, everybody knows Pooph. Pooph is just killing it, and we're so grateful. And they're the team at Pooph is projecting second half of the year to be really significant. Now, you're gonna see in the Q, we had a little bit of drop off from Q1 to Q2, 10%-12% top line. We attribute most of that to timing, because revenues are continuing, of course. They also, I'm gonna show you a couple of really important things. They've got new retailers. Now, we've experienced new retailers in the past. Walmart's the most notable, and when they had to stock up for these new retailers, we saw some, you know, volatility, if you will, in the consistency of the order flow while they stocked up and looked, and looked at a national distribution. Okay, so 2, 2 new accounts that come on, Rouses, which is a big deal. And remember, Rouses is part of Kroger Foods. So that's, that's a ripple before a wave. And then Target. Target's a new account. And of course, these, these big brands are just... Everyone knows these big brands. And so the big players continue to be big for the company. Home Depot, of course, is really coming on. In each of these, they have their own life cycle of how product gets distributed, and they get in all the stores, but it is expanding, and that's gonna take me to their next stated goal. Oh, two slides away. Here we go. Okay, so remember our relationship to Pooph, right? We did a business deal. The business deal is we supply. We're the supplier of the product, so we wholesale the product to Pooph. Pooph then builds their brand, manages distribution, sets up retailers, sets up advertising. They do all the work to get that brand and that product situated in the marketplace. We also do product development, and there's a lot of product development going on. We're really busy with that. We support them in any way possible, because we're hooked at the hip. We're business partners. We receive a manufacturer's margin, a small royalty, and then we bargained in exchange for exclusivity for a piece of the, of the equity of the brand, twenty percent of the exit when it's eventually sold. Now, I... Again, I just, I just have to highlight this. As Pooph is growing and building a national brand, our equity in that brand is increasing. Their success is our success, and people forget that, right? So we believe that as that brand establishes prominence and it finds an exit, we're gonna be a recipient of a very large check. I've always said we think it's gonna be north of $100 million. And what's, what's great about this relationship, and the success of Pooph, has turned out to be good for both parties in such a meaningful way, that we believe they want to continue to expand the brand. How do we know that? Well, because we know what their goals are. They share their goals with us. Okay, and the first goal is they say, "We're targeting 20% quarter-over-quarter growth." Okay, so we get a little volatility there, right? When you take 20%, let's say you start with 1 million, and you go up one quarter is 120, another quarter is 120, and you do that 4 times, that's over 100% growth. What they're saying to us is they believe they can achieve consistently over time, 100% year-over-year growth. We know that most recently, best evidence is they're in about 30,000-35,000 retail outlets, something like that. Their stated goal is to get to 80,000 retail outlets, and they continue to march. The wipes and the Litterizer have both launched. New campaigns, new orders, new distribution, pretty busy. And then Pooph Potty Pads. Pooph Potty Pads, go to the web. They're being advertised, they're being promoted. I don't believe they're on a retail store yet. I don't think they're on a shelf, but we know that from a production side, they're on the way. And so again, very exciting. And each of these product innovations is an extension of our intellectual property. So this is a flourishing relationship, expected to continue. Stated goal, 100% growth for the year, and that'll take us into just under $20 million, absent other assets coming to market in a meaningful way. And so that's good news for the company. Clyra. You know, Clyra is, it's just... People forget, this is, this is, these are ideas, product ideas that go back to the origin story of the company. We first had said, "We're gonna put about $600,000 or $700,000 into equipment." That number is gonna be over $1.3 million. And what we've been focused on for a little over a year with our partner, is the national rollout of a co-branded product that we believe will be transformative in the medical field. It's a medical device. Remember, we've already secured FDA clearance under 510(k). Okay, so now it's all about the product. It has taken quite some time. It's also been very taxing. Taxing financially, taxing from a staffing perspective, very exciting. Our optimism and confidence that these products will find significance in commercial rollout through partnership, has never been higher. I can also say that we've got multiple parties who now have come to the table, all in different stages, but the main, the main relationship that we've been over a year in development for, is moving forward, and we're just very anxious to show up one day and say, "Okay, we're, we're ready to launch." And so we hope that's soon, but we definitely believe we're heading in the right direction. I also want to say on Clyra, you know, sometimes the significance of the product and what it represents is kind of lost. You know? What, what does that mean? That means, you know, just show me the numbers. Well, the numbers, the numbers will show up eventually. We know that, and we're anxious for that. But the meaningfulness, really, is that we have a chance to be a change agent in the field of infection control in the surgical suite. That's what we're talking about. And gentleness and broad spectrum efficacy with no harm to the body, with a leave-in product and some data that supports biofilm efficacy. When you put all those claims together, those claims have been proven, and when you put them all together in a claim set, it makes it number one in the world, and again, in the world. So I just... I don't know how to make it more clear. and if that's true, which we know it is true, that's representing over 13 years of work and probably about $18 million of investment to really get that product situated for a massive scale rollout with big brands and big partners to make a meaningful impact for the world. Now, Keystone is a big part of that. We've talked openly about it. It's in our queue. Keystone is a large manufacturer, really well situated, privately held, significant player, and this is the machine that actually makes the product. And we've also had to supplement that with other equipment. That's what that, you know, $1.3+ million is about. And our partner at Keystone has also made dramatic investment, and we're into the final steps of preparing for product launch. Very exciting. Full circle story for the company. PFAS. I won't tell you a lot of detail going on with PFAS. PFAS, that's forever chemicals related to non-stick coatings. Big companies use this chemistry to make non-stick coatings for years. It's now considered one of the most significant pollutants in the world, a global problem. Okay, you ready for this? This is new. New slide. It's fascinating. When the industry started using PFAS, it was sold anywhere from $50 to about $1,000 a pound. $1,000 a pound. That means the raw chemistry was sold into industry, used to combine with products or making products, at about that price. The cost to remove it from the environment is between $2.7 million and $18 million a pound. Okay? What's the point? It's, it's, it's to compare. It generated $ billions in revenue. It's gonna cost trillions to clean it up, and this is the travesty of the industry. It's estimated to be social costs, about $17 trillion. And remember, I tell this story all the time. I asked a water engineer one time, in the water table, I said: "How long, how long did it take to get in that water table?" He said, "50 years." "How long does it take to get out?" He said: "It'll be at least 50 years." And these top, top companies were the largest producers of PFAS production for industry, estimated annual profits of about $1 billion. This is gonna be an industry that's gonna be around for the next 25 years, okay? And we're well situated here to be a winner. We're gonna talk about that. Its primary benefit is we're the most excellent collector, the most excellent collector. When you compare us to all other technologies, we super concentrate the contaminant. We also offer a destruction technique as well. But the main value proposition is that we can create a waste stream that's a pound or two pounds versus 40,000 pounds of carbon. We do have our first account. I wanna. It's scheduled for, like, Stockholm in New Jersey, supposed to go in the field sometime October, November. Our installation will have to be done when the building is built. So you see that little building? That's electrical, that's plumbing, that's access, that's all the things that a general contractor is gonna do. So, if we face delay, we might face delay. From our perspective, we'll be ready to go, and we're in construction now, and we've received the bulk of our payment, and because of our milestone obligations, we've been able to recognize some revenue for this. So it's a very good situation. I also have said this publicly, and I wanna say it again, and I welcome a challenge, okay? To our knowledge, and that's the caveat, we don't know of any other company that's actually secured a commercial account from an alternative technology. So be really clear, not an ion exchange, not a carbon. Those are old technologies, been around a long time, okay? And they, and they do have some market adoption of old tech, with customers who needed to move quickly to get PFAS out of drinking water. That's where they moved. From an alternative technology perspective, we think we're the only company in the world that we know of that's got a commercial account. It's a big statement, and it's the good news, it's small enough to where we believe our risk of failure is extraordinarily low. It's something we can manage at this stage of the development of the technology. So this is a big win. And we have multiple trials underway, and we've most recently expanded into some other fields, leachate being one of them. This is a new slide. I want you to see it. Untreated leachate in the middle, right to left, right, post AEC. That means that we've hit this with one, two, three treatment systems, one after the other, and produced post AEC PFAS-free water, even to a non-detect status. Now, this is leachate. Leachate is the water that comes out of the bottom of a landfill. Landfills. Landfill business is good for BioLargo. Remember, we've been serving that industry for over 10 years. We already have national accounts. They're really gonna fall under extreme pressure because of the regulatory noose is tightening for managing the waste streams, okay? The PUC, that's Public Utility Commission, historically would take the concentrated PFAS, excuse me, the concentrated leachate that has high concentration of PFAS, and they would treat it at the PUC. That's the public wastewater treatment, all right? Utility Commission. They don't want it anymore. That means it's gonna go, because it's being designated under CERCLA and RCRA as a hazmat, we're predicting that the cost to treat is gonna go up dramatically. In fact, we think it's about 10x. So what's our value proposition? Well, this is a pretty good graph. I know it's hard to see. This, we will make this publicly available, so if you can't read it all. Basically, the blue lines describe the cost to treat, assuming the cost of waste handling. Waste handling, let's call it, let's call it at the $3 number. So this is a 10-year life cycle, right? On a drinking water system that would treat basically water associated with 10,000 people, 10-year life cycle cost, we have between 40% and 300% lower life cycle cost than a carbon system. And the variable is what's gonna happen to the cost of handling. Now, we've taken a pretty bold statement. Again, time will prove us right or wrong, but we're predicting a 10x in the current cost to treat, a 10x. The cost of handling hazmat for PFAS is gonna go through the roof, and as it does, it makes some of these incumbent technologies so economically unsound. And in addition, they're gonna have a very difficult time meeting specification when it's all the way down to 4 parts per trillion, and there's an expectation that ultra-short chain molecules will continue to fall under regulatory pressure. Right now, we have long and short, and there's an ultra-short category. We believe they're all gonna find regulatory pressure. And as they do, especially for the ultra-short, ion exchange and carbon systems simply can't meet spec. Okay, so that means what you thought the old stuff could do is not gonna work as the regulatory enforcement continues. They're gonna need a changeout. In addition, right, carbon systems have a, have an issue that's called, breakthrough. Breakthrough means it works, it works, it works, and it doesn't work. So there's a lot of problems with that system, and of course, our value proposition number one is cost efficiency and super concentration, and then a turnkey destruction. We have a backlog of prospects. We're, we're, we're beating, beating the bushes daily. We have strategic partnerships. We have channel partnerships. It's all expanding. It's all really, really, really a great sign, and, we still are challenged by the fact that we're in, we're in an early adopter stage, right? So for decision-makers that are primarily influenced by political considerations-... They have a very difficult time adopting emerging tech. The alternative markets, like leachate, like groundwater, like industrial wastewater, municipal wastewater, will lean more heavily towards business and engineering decisions. And in those cases, we have a very good chance of earlier adoption. So the fact that our technology can work in all of those different markets, 'cause of the nature of its design, is a significant advantage for us, and we believe that we'll continue to see adoption and expanded interest in these other markets. Okay, battery tech. Cellinity battery, right? Sodium, liquid sodium. Runs about 160 degrees Celsius. That's a high-- that's in the world of liquid sodium batteries, that's low temp. Compared to lithium, it's higher, right? It's above room temperature. But the beauty of a battery that can operate at 160 degrees Celsius is that it requires no parasitic load to keep it cool. What does everybody tell you about batteries? Don't let it get hot. Don't let it get hot. Ours actually loves the heat. So we have a little bit of a presentation. Let's see if I can make it work here real quick. There we go. Let's see if we can make this work. Cellinity is BioLargo's next generation battery platform, designed to provide safe, long-lasting, and environmentally conscious, large format, long-duration battery energy storage. Cellinity is not a lithium battery. Rather, it uses a unique battery chemistry involving molten salt electrolytes with high energy density, low cost per kilowatt hour, no risk of fire or explosion, high operational efficiency, and no self-discharging. All of Cellinity's components and materials can be sourced within North America and do not include rare earth elements. Applications include grid scale storage, renewable energy storage, charging stations for electric vehicles, and a variety of other commercial and industrial applications. BioLargo has a unique partner-centric business model to roll out micro factories and gigafactories. The first battery prototypes were recently... The world needs a- Okay, thank you very much. Okay. We include this slide because we want it to be public record, so you can look at it later. There's so much data you can't possibly present it. But basically, we have a series of features that make it a very attractive commercial offering, and we covered some of those, right? This is the design. Once you make your cells, which we're making cells now, and you can refine the manufacturing technique to produce them to scale, you take those cells and you assemble them in racks, and racks make packs, and ultimately, you create these packs, these modules, that can store energy, okay? Primarily focused on offloading renewable and balancing the grid, okay? So these are 1-2 MWh units on the left, basically 20-foot trailers, and these are small 25 kWh units on the right, something you might put next to your home or next to a, an EV charging station and the like, okay? This is our manufacturing facility, pilot facility. This produces. This is producing cells. We're testing cells now. We made an announcement just about, oh, I don't know, a little bit ago. Let me see if I can remember that. Here we go. Next slide. In June, right? June, July. Okay, so just recently announced that we were making our first cells. We're in the testing and the refinement of the manufacturing process, and we're just beginning to work on the scale-up to what we call the Spartan cell, and the Spartan cell will be a 10x of this smaller cell unit that we believe will be the commercial design. Okay, so we're making good progress. What's unusual about our strategy is we believe the business model is quite unique. Sell battery factories, don't sell batteries, sell factories, not batteries. Okay, why? Why do that? Well, I'm going to show you why. The average battery factory is gonna take 2.5 years to set up and make operational. We believe that with about a $100 million CapEx, that battery factory can produce 1.5 gigawatt hours of battery storage cells and packs per year. In today's market, that would generate $500 million top-line revenue. So what we've done is we've gone out to the marketplace and said, "We'd like to put our partners in the business." So who are the partners? Well, it could be a financial type, somebody who wants to make money. It could be someone's in the renewable energy business. It could be a public utility. It could be countries, it could be land developers, energy parks, data centers, big data, people that want a lot of batteries, okay? And our model is to put them in the business, and what we seek in that business relationship is a 6% royalty and 19% carried interest in the equity of the project. That means that as credits are generated, which right now would represent about 40% credit, that can accrue to the general partnership. We would participate based on our equity ownership. It also allows for clean financing. It also allows for leverage and scalability in the financing. Okay, so we've gone out to the marketplace, and we have at least seven of these interested parties at the table. We have lots of handshakes going on, not formalized business deals yet, primarily because we're working on the financing and we're working on the equity to pull this off as we advance the science of the batteries. The excitement and the response from our proposal is astounding. I believe that this is the type of business opportunity that not only conserves capital, but highlights-... The core competencies of our company: engineering, the deal making, the support, the training, the handover, leveraging the balance sheet and the capital resources of people that want a lot of batteries. Okay? Now, the caveat to all this is there's a lot of work to do, so it's early in this, in this stage. We've also historically been able to bring in direct investment capital. Again, another capital conserving strategy for BioLargo, so that we don't dilute on a continual basis the parent company. Give us the capital necessary to advance these causes. And right now, we're focused on a couple things: the scale-up of the battery design, the refinement of the modeling for a battery factory, the processes and the capital and the time, so we're doing extensive detail in that area, and then the partnerships and what those can look like on the various financing that comes to bear. I'm personally, and I think corporately, we're very excited because it's not only is the battery itself represent a significant opportunity, but the business model presents scalability, okay? So that's the business update for the quarter. I think we're gonna open it up to questions now. So Mr. Loper, are you with me? Yes, sir. Thank you very much, Dennis. That was a great overview. Dove into some key areas of the business. Thank you for doing that. If anybody had trouble with that video about the Cellinity battery, we are gonna make it available on biolargoenergy.com. All right. So yeah, excellent news this quarter, with record revenue, right? I mean, it's gotta be the key takeaway here. Another positive quarter, a record quarter, having a record year, with $5 million in Q2. We're up to almost $10 million so far this year. And we've seen this now, for a number of quarters in a row, which is terrific for folks that have been holding for a while, you know, but we're also ready for payday. I'm kind of wondering, from your perspective, you know, we're on an upward trajectory with Pooph, Clyra, with the water tech, with battery, but what would have to happen for BioLargo to stop seeing such growth? What would have to happen to stop seeing growth? You mean- Yeah. What would derail it? What's the risk of having it derailed? Is that the question? Yep. Well, I think. Yeah, okay, that's fair enough. I think there's a couple things in dynamic on that. It's an interesting question. The first is that I think Pooph has demonstrated significance in their ability to meet their targets over time, so we don't expect that to change. They are in a very competitive market, so rest assured, there's a lot of competition, but they're extraordinarily good at what they do, and the product lines are expanding, and the retail outlets are expanding, and they're, they're doing great, okay? So that's one. We also have expanding commercial opportunities of significance, you know, Clyra being one of them. When it finally does launch, and, and we believe, as I said before, we're close to being able to move forward in a significant way. When it does, the economics will astound you. And as I said, on a number of occasions, if we like Pooph and the implications to our company, Clyra's, you know, could be a, could be a 7-10x from that. I mean, it is a dramatic development, and with significant distribution and revenue growth of extraordinary opportunity. Hence, we've now invested, you know, 13 years and $18 million. We're not messing around. We're real serious about that product line and the importance for the world, okay? In addition, the engineers have demonstrated, like in this last quarter, they generated revenue of about $1 million. That was a record quarter for the engineers. Let's not miss that. Of that, there was some equipment sold that was part and parcel of projects, so it wasn't... It's a, it's a margin that's a markup on the supply of equipment, so it's not services, but that's part and parcel of what they've done. And we also believe that the water company with the equipment group is also gonna continue to expand. So, you know, so what threatens us? What threatens us? Well, not much. I mean, we have competition to overcome at every level, but our balance sheet is strong, our cash position is strong. We've demonstrated ability to, to make sure that we get the capital necessary to execute. We, we deploy capital-conserving strategies. We feature transformative tech that finds a foothold. You know, so as we form these partnerships, you know, we've had some that have moved very slow. Garratt-Callahan is one of them. It's a very slow-developing relationship. It's still very, very good, and we predict success. I know it's hard for people to understand how that could take so long. I guess as you look back at our development cycle on the industrial odor control, that took us years to find our foothold in the marketplace. It's kind of the nature of, you know, presenting disruptive tech in a, in an old, stodgy market that's slow to adopt. Nonetheless, we predict success. So I don't know if that answers the question, but we're not in a position of feeling a significant level of fear on things that can derail us from continuing to be successful. In fact, it's the opposite. The opposite is that with our diversity, with our leveraging our core competency conserving capital in the way we do, we think the future is exactly the opposite. Quite promising and very exciting, since we're in a better financial position with more critical mass and more customers and more revenue, more success than we've ever had before. So we think it's time to leverage that up. Okay? Great. Yeah, thank you for answering that. So first question here, before we dive into the subsidiaries, gentleman Michael Schurch says, "Thank you for the call and the Q&A. The growth was accompanied by a dilution of the share capital. Are there plans to stop the dilution? Yeah, sure. Thank you. So of course, yes. So two things have happened there. One, notice that last quarter, which we already mentioned, we have not raised any money directly into the parent company, nor have we tapped into our equity loan, because we didn't need it. So then how do you support innovation like our battery tech and the medical company, right? So the answer is, you bring direct investment in, which is what we've focused on in the past and will continue to focus on in the future. The, the parent company, BioLargo, has supplemented those endeavors from time to time to make sure they get where they need to go. Last year, we made an investment of about $750,000 in Clyra. It's important to note that we did that on the same terms as the current round of investment. So the investors who've come in, we basically matched the price. We've also recently done the same thing in the battery tech, where the valuation is set, it needs a little more money. We've been in the enviable position to advance capital to advance its cause, while we then seek third-party investment capital into the subsidiaries without diluting the parent. Okay? So that's pretty dramatic in the last 100 days, right? And so if you look at the share count, it's the dilution impact is continuing to lessen. And of course, I did mention that we had conversion of warrants and some option coverage that did face some dilution in the last quarter, but those were already factored into the fully diluted share count, and now they've converted from a warrant to an execution. So all of that's getting better. So we think it's a good - it's a very good sign, and we think it can continue. So go ahead. All right, all right. So yeah, let's dive into the money makers. A few questions here about Pooph. Sure. Mr. Falk asked, "It appears merchants are well-stocked with Pooph. Will there be a bit of a slowdown in wholesale sales? Yeah, and, and we don't know that. So Joe, I appreciate that question. I don't know. We, we don't have any indication that that's the case. I think that the sell-through of product is really marketing driven for Pooph. I think that's how they would answer the question, and they've got expanded marketing and expanded product line. So right now we have no reason, that we're aware of, to predict a reduction in sales for Pooph. All right. Mr. Gingerella asked, "The Pooph potty pads, which seem to be an excellent addition to the product line, are there sales projections from Pooph Inc. or ONM for the pads that you can share? No, I wish I did have it. You know, I don't even know how to even touch it. We, first of all, you know, the marketing and the budgets is well within the control of Pooph, Inc. They control their spend. I know historically, that once they sell more, they spend more, and the beauty has been they get a nice rate of return, right? So they get a nice, return of dollar spend versus dollars generated revenue. So that, that metric has been a really favorable metric for Pooph, and that's where their expertise rests. But they're also under no obligation to give us forecasts in that way. And so, the way we think about it is, they're gonna go test market, find the market, build customer awareness, and refine it continually. That's what they do. Given their track record, we bet it'll. I would bet it's gonna be a nice hit, nice home run. But that's all I got. Okay? All right. So let's move on to Clyra. So you had mentioned during the presentation, that you've been working on a deal for over a year now, a co-branded product for- Yep commercial scale rollout, that’s all moving forward. Yep. You mentioned that there are multiple parties involved. Uh-huh. I was wondering if you could clarify if that's in the deal, in production, distribution? Yeah, sorry. Yeah, we should be more clear. Thank you for the clarification question. Yeah, that and we should be more clear. So the product focus on the surgical suite, which is Bioclynse, is a product that's already cleared under 510(k) as a med device by the FDA. And as we co-brand it, we would then be required to file paperwork with the FDA, and if there's any enhancement to the claim set, those would also have to be approved under review by the FDA. Okay? And that exact detail of that, we don't, we don't believe it's an elongated process, but there is some process. Okay, so that's underway. Relative to the concept of other parties, in order to successfully produce this product with our intended partner, we needed to bring scaled manufacturing capability, and we found that through Keystone Industries. We entered into a supply arrangement with Keystone so that they can contract manufacture to an FDA spec. We like them very much. They meet spec. They can meet volume requirements. They're substantial, they're expert, and they also, they also have other channels in which they currently sell product that might be really good for us. There's a high level of collaboration. Having said all that, the focus is on these products to get ready for the scale required to support supply, okay? That's it. In that relationship, there's basically three parties. There's our distributor, right? That would then share a brand on a co-branded product. They would secure some rights to exclusivity, naturally. That's how it works. There's us, which is basically called a virtual manufacturer. That means that our label, our liability, our claims, that are approved through a clearance with the FDA, a clearance process under 510(k) for a label, are produced under contract manufacturing with a qualified FDA contract manufacturer. That's what we've got. So there's three parties in that deal. Okay. In addition, remember that we have multiple product designs. Those other product designs have other partners that are coming to the table. So that would include burn, wound, dermatology, dental, potential ocular. We don't have a lot of work there yet, so eye care and, and more, and more. Our patents cover a lot of different areas in, in the healthcare and medical field that we can apply. Those, those are the ones that are on the drawing board. The good news in the platform is that we can actually see potential medical, medical, device, even drug pathways. There's all sorts of opportunities for this technology. Right now, we're focused on getting our surgical product under a co-branded partnership launched, and that will provide ample proof of claim and financial success and all the things that we're all looking for. So we're really anxious to get that done. Yeah, absolutely. This is something we've been talking about for quite a while now. It's been frustrating, to say the least, for some- Sure. to hear all this, but not quite see it on the balance sheet quite yet. So Mr. Gingerella asked, in general terms, when can we expect Clyra sales to begin, and what is an estimate of the dollar value? Yeah, it's really hard. So, yeah, so, it's of course the burning question for everyone: When and how much? Right? So there you go, Pat, you nailed it. When and how much? It's taken us so long, and we're in such the throes of preparation that I think it's a mistake to pin down a date. We're now at a position where we just believe that we've done the work necessary to get this partnership going, and it's gonna take its normal course. Once that happens, there's a series of things that will happen, right? The first is the formation of the formal relationship. That's a contract. So once you get to contract, there's deposits, there's orders, there's then making sure paperwork with the FDA is complete, and there's a process that goes through. That process could be anywhere from, let's call it 4-7 months. That's reality. Okay, so there's a deal that's signed first, then there's the final prep to launch product, then there's sales training, then there's distribution. And so all in, from the time you say go, you're probably talking about 6-12 months before you hit your full run rate. Your full run rate. It's hard for us to predict the full run rate, but it wouldn't surprise us if those revenues, as it hits full run rate, could easily exceed, 4 and 5 times the revenue that we're doing at Pooph. Okay, so it's big business, or more. If you look at the size of the market that we're focused on, and the idea that we are a transformative technology in that industry with claims and safety profile that the other incumbents cannot meet, and we've combined it with a global partner of highly recognized brand and sophistication and standing in the marketplace, we think that that product is the kind of product that could, over time, go into $250 million-$500 million in revenue kind of profile. So it's very important to get perspective of what we think the future can hold. The timing of it is extraordinarily uncertain, and so it is what it is. What I can say is it's meaningful, and it's... to date, if it happens the way we think it's gonna happen, it would be one of the biggest commercial successes in the portfolio of the company. But we do have others in the works, so we think there's more to come. Roundabout way to say- All right. You got to wait it out. Yeah. Pat's got another question for you. Are there products for wound care that are on par with Clyra at this time regarding effectiveness? Are they on the drawing board or are they on pause? What was the question? On par. Are they as effective? Par. That's clear. On par. Thank you. Yeah. Yeah, so they—are they able to compete in the market? Yeah, we think so. Yeah, for sure. So wound and burn is a classic. You know, that's a market where we anticipated years ago, and we've always believed that it would have a showcase for the technology in that market. It's not as big as surgery, okay? It's not as big a market, but it layers in, right? So when you say a wound care product, that's a product that in the lingo of that industry, primarily refers to chronic infected wounds, but it's much more, right? It's much more. It's bandages and dermatology, and it just goes on and on and on. And so, and each of those is sort of a sub-niche market within the category. And when you put them all together, it still is not as big as surgery, okay? So on par, yes, broad-spectrum efficacy, gentleness, no systemic, no local tox, data from research that proves it's got biofilm efficacy. Yeah, that's a winner, right? So not only is it on par, I think I would argue that it's, it's superior to all the products that it will compete with. We believe it's superior, which is why, I'm just gonna remind everyone, we've been willing to invest 13 years and $18 million to get here. It's no time to cower. We're in it to win it. All right. All right. Moving on to water. So this is a question by Mr. Gobi Sriranganathan. It's a two-parter, but we'll break it down here. All right. So competitive lead time. How long do you estimate it will take before competitors can develop a similar PFAS treatment solution, considering the technological advancements and market position? It's a good question. We don't know anyone that's working on a similar design, so we'll start with that. We think we're unique in our thinking about the product. You know, the EPA came out and said to the world, "We're going to sponsor innovation for destruction technologies." And the theme at that time was what they call in the field or in situ destruction out in the field. But since then, the PFAS has become of global importance. It's now designated a $17 trillion market. The incumbents are falling short. Regulatory enforcement has expanded to CERCLA and RCRA, which means the hazardous materials themselves are really critical to handle carefully in compliance with the law. A lot of money flew into destruction, which is fine. There's nothing, quote, "wrong with that." But the thesis, in our opinion, at inception, right, should have been, could have been to focus on super concentration, because if you super concentrate, destruction is actually very easy. Right now, people say destruction is so hard because what? Well, because you're dealing with 80,000 pounds of junk, okay? And if, depending on the, on the destruction technique, you've got pressure and energy and explosiveness and production of gases and the creation of toxic molecules that are the result of the destruction technique. I mean, it's all sorts of stuff going on, okay? And so we look at that market, and we say, look, we've thought... We're in the patent process. We have a lot of, we have a lot of know-how and trade secrets. We've invested 3.5 years on this actual design, and the creation of the design comes from 25 years of field experience by what we would call world-class environmental engineers. I mean, they've been doing this thing for 25 and 30 years, right? So can someone come out with something comparable? I guess in theory, it's capable, but we've got patent advantage, we've got 3.5 years jump, we've got career experience, and we've now advanced ourselves to a commercial status that no one with the alternative technologies has even gotten a commercial account. So I don't know. I don't think they can catch us. I think we're in a pretty good spot. And the incumbent technologies that are finding deployment are gonna have a very difficult time. I mean, that's it. It's just not gonna last. The crazy thing about that is when you look at the politics, if you will, of the customers making decisions about deploying old technologies, you know, what's happening is, they're more concerned with the politics of making a safe choice. We get it, safe choice, and they don't pay the bills. The federal government or the state or the public utility pays those bills, and they pass the cost to the ratepayer. That's what happens, okay? So, you know, they're more interested in not failing. And so it's really easy to say, I'm gonna go with a carbon or ion exchange system when there's no scaled deployment of alternative technology in the marketplace yet. And if they got to go fast, that's what they do. They go, they go fast with something that's safe politically, even if the cost to handle the waste stream is 5x. That's what they'll do. You know why? Because they're just gonna pass the rate back to, to us in the form of higher bills for their water. We're trying to break that model, okay? So, understand how difficult it is. You know, we're lobbying with both sides of the aisle. We're at the Senate, we're at the Congress, we do have professional lobbyists. We're working with the Department of Defense. You know, we're working all the channels to, to really go to the people that care and say, "Look, not only can you solve the issue, but you could save billions, literally billions and billions for the United States of America and other countries." So, you know, that's what we're doing, and we will find our way through it. I believe we will find our way through it. We'll also find our way into some meaningful partnerships that will move... significance in the marketplace. But the early days, you know, they talk about the adoption cycle and the valley of death and all that, right? The fact that we've got a commercial account, proven technology, and we're in a financially stable business, we, we are in a financially stable business, and we're innovating in a highly difficult, slow-adopting, critical market, PFAS. So yeah, I think we're gonna win, so. Mm-hmm. Another question from the analyst: cost analysis assumptions. Can you give us a little more color on the assumptions you made in your cost analysis regarding the cost advantage of AEC, particularly in relation to the current regulatory environment and potential future tightening, step up in cost to your competitors? Yeah, let's see. Yeah. Boy, I need Tonya on the phone. Yeah, sure. Let me come up with a little bit of that. Let's see. Yeah. When we looked at that, we did a systematic approach, and we can re-detail it as well later. We're happy to have some of this published. I'm actually doing a presentation next Thursday, where all that data is gonna be public information at the Sustain SoCal event. So, And that's gonna be online as well as, I believe, and it's also local at UCI, University of California, Irvine. Encourage anyone to come. When you, when you do the analysis, two things: We looked at what the systems were commonly deployed, a flow rate, the average population served, looked at the CapEx, and then we calculated the amount of waste stream, and we looked at the average cost to treat waste, and we also looked at the average cost to transport waste, okay? And we built a model. Okay? And so, in our system, for a small system, for a small community, you know, to replace the module or the carbon replacement for a carbon system, you're gonna spend something like $21,600, and that's for the AEC. The carbon system would be two and a half times that number, almost $50,000. Our disposal at $3 a pound is $413. The disposal for 14,000 pounds of carbon would be roughly $45,000. $400 versus $45,000. Okay? So it's that kind of analysis. And then when you look at a bigger system, right? Capital cost is probably in the $4 million-$8 million range. Replacing a carbon module, right, for a large carbon system to handle that kind of flow rate, it's about $300,000. Ours would cost about $6,000. You produce the waste stream of carbon, that's 540,000 pounds of waste, right? To destroy that, haul it and destroy it, it'd be about $3 million. $3 million, okay? Ours is about... Estimated disposal for our system is... And then the estimated disposal for that 540,000 is $1.6 million. So the module replacement, when the carbon is spent, and the replacement, is almost equal to the CapEx when the carbon is spent. That's approximately $4.9 million on a system that costs $4-$8 million to build. Okay? So then the assumption curve, when you look at those numbers, as you, as you calculate the cost to manage the waste stream, if that number continues to climb, the economics swing in our favor dramatically. So again, we said between 400% and 300% savings on the life cycle cost of the system. And we'll try and get some public information out so people can see that in more detail. Again, that's a lot of detail. All right. Great. Thank you for that. Appreciate it. Those are all the questions we have time for today, but thank you very much, Dennis, for the answers and going through this all with us. Yeah. Thanks, everyone, for joining us. And again, stay in touch. Reach out to us anytime, and we appreciate you very much. Keep plugging away. This concludes today's conference, and you may disconnect your lines at this time. Thank you for your participation.