Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by. Our conference will begin in just a couple of minutes. Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by. Our conference will begin momentarily. Greetings, and welcome to the Cullen/Frost Bankers first quarter 2022 earnings conference call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. A question and answer session will follow the formal presentation. If anyone should require operator assistance during the conference, please press star zero on your telephone keypad. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. I would now like to turn the call over to A.B. Mendez, Senior Vice President and Director of Investor Relations. Thank you. You may begin. Thanks, Daryl. Our conference call today will be led by Phil Green, Chairman and CEO, and Jerry Salinas, Group Executive Vice President and CFO. Before I turn the call over to Phil and Jerry, I need to take a moment to address the safe harbor provisions. Some of the remarks today will constitute forward-looking statements as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended. We intend such statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended. Please see the last page of text in this morning's earnings release for additional information about the risk factors associated with these forward-looking statements. If needed, a copy of the release is available on our website or by calling Investor Relations at (210) 220-5234. At this time, I'll turn the call over to Phil. Thanks, A.B., and good afternoon, everybody. Thanks for joining us today. I will review the first quarter results for Cullen/Frost and our CFO, Jerry Salinas, will provide additional comments, and then we're going to open it up for your questions as our normal practice. In the first quarter, Cullen/Frost earned $97.4 million or $1.50 per share, compared with earnings of $113.9 million or $1.77 per share reported in the same quarter last year and $99.4 million or $1.54 per share in the fourth quarter of 2021. Our return on average assets and average common equity in the first quarter were 79 basis points and 9.58% respectively. I'm happy with these results to start the year, and I'm optimistic about the prospects for our sustainable organic growth strategy as business activity continues to return to normal and we move farther into a rising interest rate environment. Average deposits in the first quarter were $43 billion. That was an increase of more than 21% compared with $35.4 billion in the first quarter of last year. This is outstanding growth, and Jerry will talk more about this growth in his comments. I believe at its core, it reflects our commitment to strong value propositions centered around world-class customer service, investments into our business for both physical expansion and employee compensation and account features, and also a commitment to a square deal with our customers, which is the basis of any healthy long-term relationship. Loan growth was also outstanding. Average loans, excluding PPP in the first quarter, were $16.1 billion or 8.3% ahead of the same time last year. On a linked quarter basis, we saw average loans, excluding PPP, increase over the fourth quarter and unannualized 4.5%, helping support our expectations for full year average loan growth in the highest single digits. I'm very pleased with the success of our commercial lending segment. We booked $1.73 billion in new commitments in the first quarter, up 51% from new loan commitments the first quarter of last year. The gains were strong in all segments. New commitments booked in the first quarter tend to be seasonally lower than the fourth quarter, and that was true this first quarter as well as we saw first quarter commitments down 29% from our record monster fourth quarter level. However, our gross new loan opportunities at the end of the first quarter were up by 29% compared to the fourth quarter. Our weighted pipeline at the end of the first quarter increased by 9% from the fourth quarter. All this is to say that the outlook for loan growth continues to be good. A few other things I found interesting about our lending activity. In the first quarter, compared to a year ago, we looked at 19% more deals, but we booked 42% more deals. That improvement was driven by the C&I component, which went from a 29% booking rate last year to a 41% in the first quarter, so we're having more success. We're seeing more activity from customers as they begin expanding their businesses, so we of course, would expect a higher success rate there. Our advance rate on commercial working capital lines increased from 32.5% at year-end to 34.8% at the end of the first quarter, still below a more normalized 38%-40% level. New customer acquisition continues to be key. Our numbers show that 40% of our linked quarter growth in outstanding loan balances came from customers added over the last 12 months. Our expansion efforts are becoming more accretive to growth. As an example, our year-over-year loan growth of 8.3% would have been 6.8% without the expansion volume. Our consumer business continues to be strong. In the first quarter, total consumer checking households grew over 7.2% compared to last year, which aligns with the record growth we saw in 2021. Same-store sales for checking accounts increased 17%. Consumer deposits grew nearly $1 billion in the quarter, giving us a 20% year-over-year increase, and loan demand has picked up on the consumer side, helping us grow loan balances by a little over 7% year-over-year and helping to set the stage for the launch of our mortgage product later this year. We believe our value proposition is resonating, and we can continue to grow this business, especially in our expansion markets. In Houston, we see the momentum continuing to build as the newly opened branches there mature. At the end of the first quarter, we stood at 110% of our deposit goal, 125% of our new household goal, and 181% of our loan goal. We've had a very successful start to our Dallas region expansion as well. For the two locations that opened so far this year, along with the Redbird Financial Center that opened in 2021, our numbers are early, but they do represent 130% of deposit goal, 183% of loan goal, and 245% of our household goal. Despite the macroeconomic challenges, we continue to be optimistic about growth in this economy. The third new location in our 28-branch Dallas expansion project is scheduled to open in the second quarter. Additionally, we will continue to expand in Houston, adding another eight locations over the course of 2022 and 2023. Credit continues to be good. Total problem loans, which we define as risk-rated 10 and higher, total $447 million at the end of the first quarter, down from $540 million at the end of the previous quarter. During the first quarter, newly identified outstanding problem loans totaled $14 million. During 2021, the average addition to problem loans was about $54 million. The increase during the first quarter was one of the smallest in several years. The resolution of problems via payoffs, payments, and upgrades in the first quarter totaled $104 million. The short story here is that the favorable rate of resolutions continued through the first quarter of 2022. The March 31 total for delinquency was the lowest in several years. Once again, we did not report a credit loss expense in the first quarter, and our net charge-offs for the first quarter were $6.3 million, and those compared with $2.8 million in the fourth quarter. Annualized net charge-offs for the first quarter. We're 16 basis points of average loans and below our typical long-term level. Non-accrual loans are only $49 million at the end of the first quarter, a decrease from $53.7 million at the end of the fourth quarter last year. In the first quarter, we continued making progress toward our goal of a mid-single digit concentration level in the energy portfolio over time, with energy loans representing 6.27% of loans at the end of the quarter. Over the last twelve months, energy loans are down by 16%. After two years of working with business customers on PPP loans, we are almost across the finish line with forgiveness complete for 97% of our borrowers. Putting in the extra effort to help PPP borrowers wasn't easy, but it was the right thing to do. The same goes for our decision late last year to raise our minimum pay to $20 an hour. In the first quarter, after the Federal Reserve increased interest rates, we made the decision to pass some of that increase along to our depositors. Again, it wasn't easy and it wasn't inexpensive, but it was the right thing to do for our customers. Steps like these show our commitment to our communities and being a force for good in people's everyday lives, and that's reflected in the third-party recognition that Frost receives. We learned in the first quarter that once again, and for the sixth year in a row, we'd received the highest number of Greenwich Excellence and Best Brand Awards of any bank in the nation. The Greenwich Awards are given for providing superior service, advice, and performance to small business and middle market banking clients. Also earlier this month, we learned that once again, at this time it was the thirteenth year in a row, we received the highest ranking in customer satisfaction for J.D. Power U.S. Retail Banking Satisfaction Study for Texas. Over the past few years, we've talked to you about all the steps we've taken to enhance our value proposition and our competitive advantage. Things like organic expansion projects, Overdraft Grace, Early Payday, the state's biggest ATM network. Keep in mind, this growth has taken place during the pandemic when many of our employees were working remotely and while our financial centers were taking extraordinary measures to keep people safe. I say this a lot, but I can't say it often enough. I'm so proud of our company and of our employees and everything we've accomplished together. Knowing what our team can do is what makes me so optimistic about Frost's success in the future. Now I'll turn the call over to our Chief Financial Officer, Jerry Salinas, for some additional comments. Thank you, Phil. Looking first at our net interest margin. Our net interest margin percentage for the first quarter was 2.33%, up 2 basis points from the 2.31% reported last quarter. Excluding the impact of PPP loans, our net interest margin percentage would have been 2.32% in the first quarter, up 7 basis points from an adjusted 2.25% for the fourth quarter. The increase was a result of some positive items, partially offset by some items with a negative impact. A lower relative percentage of earning assets held at the Fed, down from 34% in the fourth quarter to 29% in the first quarter, as we deployed some liquidity into our investment portfolio, had the largest positive impact. Higher volumes of securities and loans also had a positive impact on the net interest margin percentage, while lower yields on securities and loans had a negative impact. The taxable equivalent loan yield for the first quarter was 3.74%, down 15 basis points from the previous quarter. Excluding the impact of PPP loans, the taxable equivalent loan yield would have been 3.73, down 6 basis points from the prior quarter. Just to finish up on PPP, as Phil talked about, our total PPP loans at the end of March were only $208 million, down $221 million from $429 million at the end of December. As such, we don't expect PPP to have any material impact on our 2022 results. Looking at our investment portfolio. The total investment portfolio averaged $17.2 billion during the first quarter, up about $2.7 billion from the fourth quarter average, as we continued to deploy some of our excess liquidity during the first quarter. We made investment purchases during the quarter of approximately $3.4 billion, which included about $1.8 billion in agency MBS securities with a yield of about 2.58% and about $1.5 billion in treasuries yielding about 1.25%. Included in the $1.5 billion in treasury securities purchased in the first quarter is a one billion dollar purchase of two-year treasuries that we purchased in late January with a yield of 1.02%. We purchased those short duration treasuries as a defensive measure, given the uncertainty in the market resulting from the potential invasion at that time of Ukraine by Russia and its potential market implications. In addition to the $3.4 billion in purchases we made in the investment portfolio in the first quarter, our current expectation is that we would invest an additional $5 billion of our excess liquidity into investment purchases through the remainder of the year. The taxable equivalent yield on the total investment portfolio was 2.88% in the first quarter, down 20 basis points from the fourth quarter. The yield on the taxable portfolio, which averaged $9 billion and was up $2.9 billion from the prior quarter, was 1.90%, up 4 basis points from the fourth quarter. Our tax-exempt municipal portfolio averaged about $8.2 billion during the first quarter, down about $200 million from the fourth quarter, with a taxable equivalent yield of 4.03%, up 2 basis points from the prior quarter. At the end of the first quarter, 78% of the municipal portfolio was pre-refunded or PSF insured. The duration of the investment portfolio at the end of the first quarter was 5.2 years, up from 4.4 years at the end of the fourth quarter, primarily related to the extended duration on lower coupon mortgage-backed securities. Average deposits for the quarter were $43 billion, up $7.6 billion or 21% from the first quarter last year. The growth in non-interest-bearing deposits was up $2.7 billion or 17%, while interest-bearing deposits grew $4.9 billion or 24%. Looking at a 12-month look-back of deposit growth, about 32% of our growth over the past year has come from new relationships. On a linked quarter basis, deposits are up $1.9 billion or 4.7% on a non-annualized basis. In the linked quarter comparison, the growth has come primarily from growth in interest-bearing deposits. The cost of interest-bearing deposits in the first quarter was 8 basis points up 1 basis point from the previous quarter. Looking at a couple of linked quarter income statement comparisons, in non-interest income regarding insurance commissions and fees, I'll point out the strong linked quarter growth of $4.9 million or 42%. Just as a reminder, the first quarter is always our strongest quarter for insurance commissions and fees due to our natural business cycle of higher renewals in that quarter, and also the impact of contingent commissions that are typically received in the first quarter. I'll also note that typically the second quarter is our weakest quarter for insurance commissions. Looking at linked quarter total non-interest expenses, I'll note that the first quarter total expenses were right in line with our projections from one quarter ago. However, given the continued increase in salary pressures in this current environment, I am increasing our expectation for non-interest expense growth for the full year. Last quarter, I stated that we expected total non-interest expense for 2022 to grow at a high single-digit growth rate over 2021 reported non-interest expense. Given recent activity, primarily related to higher than previously projected increases in salary levels, given the competition for talent in this environment, we now expect total non-interest expenses for the full year to increase at a percentage rate in the low double digits over 2021 reported levels. In addition to continued market salary pressures, our projected growth in non-interest expenses is also impacted by our expansion efforts. The impact of our Houston and Dallas expansions is responsible for about 2% of the growth. Costs associated with reintroducing our residential mortgage product adds about 1%. Increasing our minimum wage from $15 per hour to $20 per hour in December as a result of salary pressures across the state is responsible for about 2% of the projected growth in non-interest expenses in 2022. Looking at our effective tax rate, the effective tax rate for the first quarter was 11.3%, and our current expectation is that our full year effective tax rate should be in the range of 11%-12%, but that can be affected by discrete items during the year. Regarding the estimates for full year 2022 earnings, our current projections assume 50 basis point Fed rate increases in both May and June, followed by 25 basis point Fed rate increases in September and December. With those rate assumptions and the expected 2022 expense growth that I previously mentioned, we currently believe that the current mean of analyst estimates of $7.29 for 2022 is low. With that, I'll now turn the call back over to Phil for questions. All right. Thank you, Jerry. Okay, we'll open it up for questions now. Thank you. We will now be conducting a question and answer session. If you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad. The confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press star two if you would like to remove your question from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the star keys. One moment please while we poll for your questions. Our first question comes from the line of Michael Rose with Raymond James. Please proceed with your questions. Hey, good morning. Or good afternoon, guys. How are you? Good, Michael. Great, thank you. Good. It looks like the amount of securities that you're going to repurchase is clearly higher than I think the $7 billion that you talked about last quarter. Obviously, the rate hikes appear to be coming a little bit more intense and a little faster than expected. Can you just talk about maybe what outside of that maybe is driving the decision or is that kind of just higher rates quicker and things like that? Well, I guess one of the things that I did point out was the $1 billion in short-term or the two-year treasuries that we purchased in January. That was really something that we did more as a defensive measure. It really wasn't part of our original plan. Given that short duration, you know, it'll be back investable in a couple of years here. So I kind of took that $7 billion. I'd say the $8 billion was just an addition, you know, again, given what was going on in the current environment at that time. Really, deposits have been a little bit stronger than we expected. I think I mentioned in last quarter's call that given some of the past history that we had, I thought the first quarter deposits might be a little bit softer, but they've continued to perform well. I know that when we had the call a quarter ago, our balances at the Fed were $14 billion. I looked this morning, and we're at $13.5 billion. So that gives you a good feel that, you know, we've spent quite a bit already, and yet we still have a significant amount of liquidity. So that's a long-winded way of answering your question. I hope I gave you what you needed. Yeah. Yeah, exact, perfect. Thank you so much. The loan growth this quarter, obviously very strong. Looks like you guys are really hitting your stride here, but you reiterated the outlook for growth for the year. To me, it seems a little conservative. Can you just kind of walk through kind of the puts and takes? I know probably broadly speaking, there's some concern on the economy as we move into the back half of the year, but clearly Texas, you know, if you look at the Moody's expectations for growth over the next couple of years for Texas, it looks very strong. If you can just talk about the puts and takes to that outlook. Thanks. Hey, Michael. First of all, you're right. We do expect it to be, and we do see the outlook is really good. You know, we've got a good pipeline, as I mentioned. It's just the opportunity is up 29% from, you know, the quarter end at the end of the year. We are seeing some pay downs or hearing about the possibilities of pay downs in the commercial real estate side as people are concerned about higher cap rates. I don't think we've seen much movement in cap rates yet, but there's concern there. Obviously, you've seen some higher interest rates. I think there could be some of that. That's probably the biggest headwind. You know, we have been continuing to watch our energy portfolio, and we're almost down to where that mid-single digit number is. I really wanna get a five handle on that, and I think probably we have a good chance sometime during this quarter, I guess, the second quarter to get there. You know, we're still being real careful with that, so that's a bit of a headwind. That's what I would say would be the things that would make it more conservative. I feel more and more confident about the high single digits number that we had talked about earlier this year. Great. Thanks for taking all my questions. You're welcome. Thank you. Our next question has come from the line of Brady Gailey with KBW. Please proceed with your questions. Hey, thanks. Good afternoon, guys. Hey, Brady. Afternoon, Brady. Well, I heard the comments in your prepared remarks about how you guys have already, you know, passed along some of the Fed increase to your depositors. I remember you guys doing this the last Fed tightening cycle as well. How, you know, how much of the initial 25 basis points did you pass along? Then how are you thinking about that as we head into, you know, the Fed continuing to aggressively, you know, hike rates from here? Yeah. Brady Gailey, so the first hike, I think that we were about, if you look at interest bearing, I'd say in the 28% beta in that first hike. I think as we look through the rest of the year. Again, I guess I should start by saying, you know, you've always heard us talking about the fact that we're gonna do what we need to do from a market standpoint. So these are current assumptions based on what we saw back in the, I'm gonna say, the time period of the 2000s, 2018 or 2019, what we were doing there. If you recall, we were a little slow. I think as an industry, on our end we waited until rates had gone up 100 basis points before we moved materially, and we said we didn't want to do that this time. For that first hike, we're at about 28%. I'm going to say, looking at kind of where we're going from here is that we'd probably be talking something closer, you know, to a 20% beta on. Let me grab my notes here just to make sure that I'm giving you the right information. Again, I think what we want to do is we want to make sure that we are, we're consistent with where the market's going to be at that point. Hold on here. All right. Really we're looking at, on the interest bearing side, we're looking at something pretty consistent with that, what we did in the first quarter. All in, I'm looking through most of the hikes that we have for this year, we'd be at about a 30% beta on interest bearing, 20% overall. When I go back and looked at what we did between 2016 and 2018, it's pretty comparable to that. Again, we'll see what the market does, but that's what we've got in our current expectations right now. Okay. All right. You know, this is I think your fifth or sixth consecutive quarter of having a zero provision. You know, the reserve is still roughly 150 basis points. Could it be years until we see, you know, a number in that provision line? I mean, it's like you still have plenty of reserves. It seems like you could bleed down that percentage as you book loan growth. There just doesn't appear to be much provision need for, you know, a ways out for me. Is that the way to think about it? You know, what I would say is that, if you look at our disclosures in the 10-Ks and the 10-Qs, I think we've been pretty descriptive of what we're doing. What we're finding is that from our standpoint, the models really truly aren't reflective of what we see out there. From our analysis, you'll see that a significant part of the reserve need is based on overlays to those models. You know, this quarter, given some of the considerations and concerns about a potential recession, even that sort of a discussion was really what was tainting what was going on in our minds as we finalized our allowance calculation. You know, I guess what I'd say is, you know, when I look at our projected loan growth that Phil kind of quoted there, I look at the credit quality that we've got and, you know, knock on wood, you know, it's Howard Perotti, our Chief Credit Officer keeps saying it can't be any better, but it continues to be really good. As I look at projected loan growth, if there's not a whole lot of changes in the environment that we're operating in, you know, I think that, you know, having a provision at a no provision or minimal provision is kind of probably where I'd be thinking for the full year. You know, there's a lot of ifs and out there. Again, you know, everything looks so good. You know, loan growth is, you know, it's at a high single digits. In my mind, isn't unreasonable. You know, if Phil was talking about, you know, 20% loan growth or something like that, I'd, you know, I'd be answering that question differently. You know, basically looking at where our projections are, the sort of asset quality we have, what we're seeing in the outlook from a projection standpoint, you know, I'm, you know, again, it's gonna all come down to what the models say and what our analysis says at the end of each quarter. Where I sit right now, you know, it's hard, as you said, looking back for the last few quarters and not seeing a whole lot of provision. Yeah, it's kind of hard to figure that there'd be much of a provision going forward through the next couple of quarters, all things being equal. Okay, great. Thanks for the color. Thank you. Our next question has come from the line of Ebrahim Poonawala with Bank of America. Please proceed with your questions. Hey, good afternoon. I guess just wanted to follow up on loan growth and just in terms of the outlook, maybe Phil. I guess, when we think about the back half of the year, the concern obviously is Fed hikes and what that implications it carries for customers, both businesses and consumers, in their ability to absorb that. Just talk to us as you deal with your customers and what you're hearing from them in terms of what a fed funds at 3% means. Is it enough to really hurt demand and potentially push the economy into a recession? Would love to hear your thoughts. Ebrahim, we're not seeing a lot of impact at this point. We're doing a lot with our officers to really sensitize them about the impact that inflation can have on businesses. You know, some of us older guys, we know what it's like back when Volcker was doing his thing, shutting things down. Most people, I'd say most lenders in the financial services industry, haven't been through a period of any meaningful inflation. We're doing our job to help our people understand how to contact and ask questions and understand the impact that inflation could have on a business and for us to understand that. That said, we haven't seen that impact to this point. I think that the most direct impact would probably be in the commercial real estate just in terms of viability of projects. We haven't seen a big impact on that at this point. You know, if you look at actual real rates, I think are still pretty negative. Fed's got a way to go, given inflation and other things to you know to tighten things up and slow things down. Right now, not seeing too much of it except as it relates to worry in the commercial real estate area. Got it. I guess one question for you, Jerry. I'm sorry if I missed it, but remind us in terms of your outlook for deposit growth from your just do you expect any outflows as rates move higher? I know you talked about the deposit betas and your thought process there, but what do you think about deposit growth? Any perspective you can share in what you think spread revenue growth could look like given the rate assumptions that you outlined earlier? Sure, yeah. You know, if you look at our numbers, we can see that commercial DDA is softer. It's still growing, but it's not growing at the pace that we've seen. You know, to me, I think that's still a positive. I'll say back in the previous cycle, we really didn't see a whole lot of movement for the first hundred basis points. I'm gonna say that we're much more aware and much more sensitive to what's going on. You know, certainly try to be as reactive as we can. I think that you know, deposits. I think we're still projecting growth. I don't think we would be foolish to project a 20% growth, you know, year-over-year, although I probably said that last year, and we still had 20%. But I do think that our current projections, based on what we're seeing with the growth that we're getting from new customers and the success that we've had with our expansion, I still expect that we'll see some upside this year. I don't expect that it'll be you know in the double digits, but I think that we've got a good opportunity to you know to be at least high single digit deposit growth as we move forward. Got it. We're gonna be competitive on rates as you've heard us say. Got it. Any sense on what spread revenue growth could look like? Yeah. I think we talked a little bit about, you know, in the quarter, last year's quarter that, you know, on a TE basis, you know, full year growth, you know, I think it'd be, you know, in the higher than the mid-teens but not 20%, you know, sort of range is kind of what I'm thinking given our current assumptions with the rate hikes. Obviously, the December hike doesn't do much for us at all. You know, I think that's kind of what we're seeing right now. Obviously, we don't have. The only thing I guess I'd wanna be sensitive to is that PPP was such a big piece of our financials. You know, our team did such a great job in getting those PPP loans booked and now forgiven. No, you know, I think, you know, I think I'm pretty comfortable with that number. You know, it'd be something. At least based on our current projections and our current betas, it'd be something north of the mid-teens. Got it. Does that help? That's helpful. No, that's very helpful. Thanks for taking my questions. Sure. Thank you. Our next question has come from the line of Jennifer Demba with Truist Securities. Please proceed with your question. Jennifer. Hi. Are you able to check if you're on mute? Yeah. Good afternoon. Hi, how are you? Just wondering if you could talk to us about what you're thinking in terms of future branch expansion after 2023. Do you think you could go back and do more in Houston and Dallas or proceed on to Austin? Any thoughts there? You know, Jennifer, I think we'll probably have a little bit left to do in Dallas, you know, on footprint in 2024, so we'll do some of that. We could, you know, just like we had Houston 2.0, you know, where we came back with about another third of the new locations for new branches there, we could see some expansion in Dallas, you know, three years from now. I really believe this is gonna be an ongoing activity for us as we develop these markets like Houston and Dallas. I keep saying the thing that is so amazing about those two markets is each one of them is 50% larger in deposits than either the state of Arizona or the state of Colorado. These are massive markets. Just another thing that's, I think, interesting. If you look at our farthest northwest location, Houston, to our farthest southeast, I think it's the same distance as between San Antonio and Austin. You know, that's a big city. Obviously, Austin's got some, you know, some opportunity there, and I think that we'll be looking at that over time. But you know what, Jennifer, one thing that it might seem like a little deal to you, but this is something I saw just yesterday that I am really excited about, and this is a branch location that we opened in San Antonio. It's in a good growth market that we really hadn't been in for various reasons. It's on the west side of San Antonio. It's called Alamo Ranch. That branch opened around Thanksgiving, okay? It's been open about four months. A lot of those months, really bad months for banking in terms of opening up accounts. Looking at those numbers, in four months, we've got $17 million in deposits, and we have 603 new relationships in four months. This is a market, we've got a 25%-27% market share. Let me put that in perspective. I said, "Well, tell me, what was the best branch we had in Houston?" We said, "Well, it's got to be Cinco Ranch and Katy in terms of speed of growth." I'll compare that to Cinco Ranch, and Cinco Ranch, after four months, had three and a half million dollars in deposits. That compares to $17 million at the San Antonio location. It had 180 households compared to 603 in San Antonio. I mean, what that tells me is that, man, you pick the right markets with the right brand recognition, with our value proposition and our ways of engaging that market, we're gonna be successful. Look, it's not because we hired, you know, Mr. Alamo Ranch in terms of who knew the market and brought all the business. As I recall, the person we hired to run it is from Kansas City. Man, this was really encouraging, and I think it's instructive for us about the value of putting properly placed, properly managed new locations around the state. You know, I really believe this, Jennifer, that the best two words I can say about our organic growth strategy is that it is durable and it's scalable. I really believe that. We're gonna be doing this for a long time. Thank you. That's helpful. You're welcome. Thank you. Our next questions come from the line of Steven Alexopoulos with JP Morgan. Please proceed with your questions. Hi, everyone. Hey, Steve. Hey, Steve. Jerry, I was hoping you could help out with this. If we look at the yields that you called out on the taxable and tax-exempt securities, as the interest rates rise, can you help us think about a securities beta, if you will, or how responsive should those be? I'm assuming it's probably three to five-year part of the curve we should be looking at for both of those, probably longer end for the munis. If you look at cash flows coming off, new reinvestment rates, how should we think about those resetting as interest rates move higher? Well, let me help you a little bit with kind of what we're thinking about with the $5 billion that I said we still have to purchase. You're right. I mean, right now what we're thinking is that about 70% of that is gonna be in Treasuries. We're thinking that it would be, you know, five years and shorter is what we're doing. That really only leaves, you know, another 15% in mortgage backs and another 15% in munis. You know, I guess if you looked at the, you know, the five-year today, we're at a 2.88%. I think we were this morning. I mean, I'm trying to look here. What we've got rolling off. I think that, you know, the kind of comparison I would make is more the fact that because we're really increasing the portfolio from the standpoint of using our excess liquidity, 2022 is really not a significant year for projected muni calls or maturities. I think mostly what you will be doing is we'll be reinvesting primarily out of our excess liquidity. In a lot of ways, you know, that whatever assumption you make on what we're investing is gonna be, you know, a pretty significant pickup. Now, if I look at kind of some of the calls, I'm trying to see if I got some of that information here with me. For the first quarter, we really didn't have a whole lot coming off. I think we had just $300 million. Most of those tended to be munis. I think the blended rate there was a 3.55%. As I look at kind of what we're gonna see, you know, through the rest of the year, you know, I don't see any really, you know, significant maturities that I would feel that we would wanna call out. I mean, I think our current projections, for example, you know, August and February are the big calls on our muni portfolios, and both of those are, you know, they're in the $200 million-$300 million in each of those time periods. You know, from a maturities, if you include prepayments in there, again, I mean, we're just not. You know, I'm looking at a 12-month forward, so I got a little bit of 2022 and a little bit of 2023 included here, but it's only $1.7 billion. That's combined both maturities and prepayments. You know, in a lot of ways, I think a lot of it's gonna be good upside that we're picking up, investing out of balances that are at the Fed. Yeah. Now, I think if we put anything on, it's gonna be, especially in the near term, it's probably gonna be, if you are replacing a security, it's gonna be at a lower yield in today's environment. Yeah what we've got on the books. Yeah. If we look at all the liquidity you're sitting on today. Uh-huh Do rates, do they get to a certain point and you're like, "Okay, like, we can go back to where we used to be in terms of cash to assets ratio," which was, I guess, about a third of where you are now? Or is there some reason that from a structural, you'd need to hold more liquidity than in the past? No, I don't think so. You know, there's you know, in some ways, I would argue that, you know, we have more access, you know, to funding if we needed it than we've had in the past. No, I don't see any sort of structural reason, you know, that we'd wanna invest. You know, you're not what you'll see us doing, as we go through the rest of 2022 and, you know, what I would expect through 2023 is a much more, you know, averaging sort of dollar, you know, dollar cost averaging, if you will, purchases. You know, we're gonna try to avoid making any significant purchases. Now, if for some reason we saw something really unusual happen in the market, might we jump in and do something? You know, we might. I think right now what we're expecting is rates are gonna go up, and so we're just gonna continue to, you know, over the next, for the rest of the year, let's say, for the next nine months, you know, we're just gonna make some ratable purchases each month, expecting that, you know, we're never gonna be able to time the market exactly. If we kind of make, you know, purchases during all the remaining months, you know, we're gonna catch some good balances there. We may miss one like we did in the case of the two-year that we bought, you know, at 1%, you know. So we're just gonna average it in. I would expect that's what we would do as we get into 2023. You know, a lot of it's gonna be dependent on what happens with deposits, right? You know, we've been really fortunate, like I said. You know, when we look at the balances at the Fed, we're making a lot of investment purchases. But at the same time, you know, that balance doesn't really seem to move a lot. So we've been fortunate there. Obviously, if that continues, we might find ourselves in a position where we'd be willing to invest more. But we're not looking to invest, you know, all our dry powder in 2022. Okay. Final one, going back to Ebrahim's question on deposit growth. Loan to deposit ratio is fairly low, but you have all these new markets and initiatives really driving nice deposit growth. Should we think the loan to deposit ratio could stay fairly stable at these levels, or should we be thinking that loan growth is faster than deposit growth so that trends lower, say, through 2022, 2023? Thanks. You know, I think that Ryan, I'll let Phil give his thoughts on it. You know, the challenge is that, you know, we've got such a big base of deposits. And we've been so fortunate to be able to grow that base, you know, with the top quality service that our employees are providing, the fair pricing that we're giving. You know, when deposits are more than, you know, more than twice the size of our loan book, if they're growing at that, you know, even if they grew at 6% and the loans grew at the high single digits, it's gonna be a while before we make a significant dent on that ratio. You know, we certainly love deposits. We love the relationships that come with them. We think that a lot of our success is based on our core funding. That's my thoughts, so I'll turn it to Phil. Yeah. I think that the math of it is gonna be we're gonna have a low loan to deposit ratio for some time. I'd also say that that's a high-class problem. I think the more important thing is the company growing, right? I think it'll take a while to eat into that ratio. The other thing I'll say about growing deposits is, you know, we have such a high level of transaction accounts because of our relational business model. In fact, I think that we're probably, I don't know, 60%, maybe almost two-thirds are transaction accounts if you look at, you know, consumer checking accounts and commercial checking accounts. At any kind of normalization of interest rates, you know, let's say a 2% Fed funds rate, for example. I mean, the spread that you make on those deposits being in liquidity is what you might make on, you know, some old LIBOR-based loans. I mean, it's. They're nothing to sneeze at at some point when your interest rates are moving. I'm feeling very comfortable about the fact that, yeah, we're probably gonna have a fairly low loan to deposit ratio, certainly lower than peer, for a pretty good period of time. Okay. Thanks for taking my questions. You bet. Thank you. Our next questions come from the line of Jon Arfstrom with RBC Capital Markets. Please proceed with your questions. Thanks. Good afternoon. Hey, Jon. Hey, Jon. Steve Alexopoulos is a smart guy. That was the question I had for you, but I do have a couple others. Just, Phil, you usually give us some color on the competitive environment in terms of loans that you passed on due to structure and pricing. Can you just give us a 30,000-foot view on what the environment's like? I think the environment gets a little bit worse every quarter. I think that it continues to show up in commercial real estate where people are struggling to underwrite in a market where prices are increasing so fast and where, you know, most of us have these sensitized analyses that, okay, well, will your project cashflow X percent based upon a, you know, X percent interest rate, you know? Those are harder to justify. They're harder to underwrite. You know, it's hard to underwrite, well, how much rent growth are you willing to underwrite into deals, okay? That's an important factor when prices are going up like they are. I think people are asking for longer terms and at the front end, and they're looking for, you know, ways to extend with really not much required of them. You know, that's I mean, I'm not telling you anything you don't know. I mean, all this stuff is just, you know, what's out there in the marketplace. I think we're seeing maybe a little bit of a trend of people underwriting to a debt yield. Whereas you might have underwritten to a 10% debt yield, maybe they're backing off that number, and maybe you'd see an 8% number. I think there's just creativity being utilized by underwriters in the market to, you know, justify and to bring deals across the line, you know. I'm sure that's not exhaustive, but it's just an example of some of the things we're seeing. Okay. Got it. A question on your mortgage expectations. Just, I know a couple of quarters ago you talked about it, and it just seemed like more of a rifle shot approach, but I was just thinking of your Alamo Ranch example and some of the consumer checking account growth that you're seeing. Did any change in the expectations there, and kind of what are your expectations for the mortgage contribution? You know, I think you make an excellent point, Jon. I mean, it's one of the things we were talking about. I mean, you know, just take that example. I think our loans there are like, I don't know, $1.5 million, which is not bad in four months. You look at what is, in this case, it is a more consumer-oriented, more of a Houston location, whereas we typically tend to go to a more where you've got a lot more concentration of businesses since that's, you know, more our wheelhouse. I think that the addition of the mortgage product into our product mix into some of these markets like this one here, and there are tons of these, I think, around the state, it makes it more viable from generation of assets. I think it helps us net-net in terms of the viability of locations that we can go into. Remember, we're not approaching this as a refinance strategy on mortgages. We are looking to do deals where you're, you know, they're purchase money mortgages and where we can provide great service and help customers, you know, with a significant financial transaction in their lives. I think, you know, we're gonna have to see. We're not gonna be offering our first one until, you know, later this year, like, you know, I'd say fourth quarter sometime. I'm really optimistic on the quality experience that we're gonna give and the and how successful we're gonna be with that asset class over time. I just can't wait to get after this market, you know, in a prudent way, of course, but get after this market with that customer experience. I think it's gonna be great. Yeah. Okay. Yeah, I just think through that as it's maybe one solution to your loan-to-deposit question and if you'd portfolio some of this, and you've seen some peer banks do that as well. But you know, clearly. I think it's. Yeah. That's a fair point. Fair point. That is our plan currently, that we would portfolio those mortgages. Okay. Just last one, non-quantitative, but, how do you think the Frost brand resonates with new residents? Is this, you know, is this market share you're taking from other banks in Texas from existing people, or do you feel like the brand resonates with somebody? You know, we hear about people moving from California to Texas. Is that part of this growth as well? Thanks. Yeah. You know, I can't tell you that I have definitive information on, you know, what our penetration is for, you know, Californians or people from Illinois or into Texas. Here's what I think, though. Our growth numbers have been so good, let's say, on the consumer side, that I think that it is pretty. We're having good success. I mean, the way most people shop, you know, our research says, you know, you're gonna go into a market, and you might just stay with your own old bank, but you're gonna still look to see where the nearest branch location is. Our research shows that's still the number one factor someone considers. Then you're gonna look online at what kind of, you know, reputation and those kind of things, and you're gonna look at, you're gonna do your research. If you do that, I mean, our numbers are we're just gonna be in the game, you know. In fact, obviously, with our customer service numbers, I think that, you know, we'll be ahead of the pack most of the time. There's so much in-migration into these cities, and our growth is good, that it just tells me that I think what we're doing resonates with a fair number of people that are moving in. You know, the thing is, we're of a size. We don't have to get everyone. We just got to get, you know, our share plus on that, and we'll do really well. Yeah. Yep. Okay. Thanks, guys. I appreciate it. All right, Jon. Thank you. We ask that you please limit yourself to one question and reenter the queue so that we have time to take questions from all the remaining participants. Our next questions come from the line of Bill Carcache with Wolfe Research. Please proceed with your question. Thank you. Good afternoon, Bill, Phil, and Jerry. I just wanted to follow up on some of your comments around the deposit franchise and the strength of the deposit base. In particular, some have raised the concept of surge deposits and the possibility that there could be some outflow as the Fed starts to drain liquidity from the system. It sounds like you think your deposits are sticky. That's not something that you're worried about. Perhaps if you could just frame how you think about that. Lastly, if I could squeeze in, you mentioned that consensus EPS looks low. What I was hoping you could perhaps share your thoughts on what you think about consensus net interest income growth expectations. Does that also look like it's perhaps a bit light? I would appreciate your thoughts. Thank you. Thank you. Well, I'll just say that, you know, with regard to, you know, deposits and what the levels are, I mean, I think what you're hearing us and what you're hearing Jerry say is that we're careful and conservative. We expect these growth rates are gonna slow. All right? We've been growing at 20% for, gosh, I think the last two years. We think they'll slow. Do we still see augmentation in our deposit balances as opposed to new customers? Yeah, probably. What is it, Jerry, about augmentations? What 68%. Yeah, 68%. You know, call it two-thirds of our growth is augmentation right now, at least for the last quarter. One-third from new customers. We could see some drop. You know, if we see diminishment of account balances, we could see some drop on that. My gut tells me, and we saw this back in 1999 whenever the Fed, you know, reacted to the tech bubble and pushed rates down too low. You know, you could see deposits flatten. I think once they do, they probably reach what I'll call a dynamic equilibrium where you've got maybe deposit balance for current customers diminishing, but you're still bringing on that account growth that we're showing and what we're reporting on, and we've got these expansions. I tend to think it would be more of a flattening than an absolute reduction of surge deposits, as you call them. you know, hope is not a plan, and I'll tell you that one part of the reason we have that $13 billion liquidity there is because you provide for those kinds of eventualities. you know, we're prepared regardless of which way it goes. I'll let Jerry speak to the margin. Yeah. I think the number that I see out there that AB is sharing with me is $1.15 billion, $1.149 billion, something like that is kind of where it looks like consensus is at. You know, I'll go back to what I don't know is whether that's a TE number or not. I will say that if it's a TE number, you know, the guidance I gave would infer a higher number than that one is concerned. You know, trying to see if I've got the non-TE number. Yeah. You know, if it's a non-TE number, you know, I'd say that, yeah, I mean, it's in the ballpark a little. I would say maybe a little shy of where we're at. But again, I'm just going off a $1.149 billion number. You know, our projections are both on a TE basis. Obviously, on a TE basis, much higher than that. On a non-TE basis, still higher, but certainly within the range. Super helpful. Thank you for taking my question. Sure. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Dave Rochester with Compass Point. Please proceed with your question. Hey, good afternoon, guys. Just back on that, the NII discussion, appreciated the update there and your thoughts that you just talked about in terms of you know what you're seeing versus consensus. I guess when I take a step back and you talk about, you know, maybe things should be a little bit stronger than your prior guide, which is mid-teens. You know, back in January, you guys were only factoring in a 25 basis point hike in May, July, and December. Now we're talking, you know, 50 and 50 in 2Q alone. It just seems like the updated guide is still conservative, especially just given the message on deposit betas as well, which I think improved from your prior thoughts in January as well. It just seems like is this a case of maybe you're factoring in a little conservatism in here? Or is it, you know, it feels like 20%+ might be more in the ballpark of what you're looking at. Any updated thoughts there? Yeah. I think that, you know, part of the discussion is gonna be the betas that come in, especially on the hikes, you know, after this hopefully this May hike. I think that's some of it. I think also the assumption, you know, what gets assumed on investment purchases going forward, right, and the timing of those. I think a lot of it's just gonna be dependent on timing and what assumptions you make on the rates that we'll be purchasing at on the investment securities. Yeah. That's gonna be a big part of the driver here. We're probably a little conservative on deposit betas as well. What we want to ensure that we do what we say we're gonna do, which is, you know, make sure that we are competitive in the marketplace against all the peers, you know, not just the too big to fail. I think there is probably some of that as well. Yeah. There's gonna be. You know, there'll be some pressure on loan pricing as well. I mean, we did see a drop, you know, on a linked quarter, as well. We'll feel some of that as well. No, I mean, I think I've given you about all the color that I can give you, and I think a lot of it's just gonna be dependent on your assumptions. Yeah. No, I appreciate that. The $5 billion in securities purchases you were talking about, that's purchases, not growth, right? You're expecting maybe another $3 billion or $4 billion in securities growth for the rest of the year. Is that fair? Yeah, that'd be fair. Yeah. Okay. Yeah. That $5 billion is just purchases. Gotcha. All right. Maybe I can just sneak in one more. I was just curious. You guys gave some, you know, pretty positive color on the percentage of your goals that you're achieving in Houston and Dallas. I was just curious since Houston's been around for a while now if you could just update us on what the loan-to-deposit balances look like in terms of dollars, that'd be great. Thanks, guys. Hey, give us just a second. One thing I'll say about Dallas that even though it's early, it's running about two-thirds commercial on the deposit side, one-third consumer. I think it's uncanny how the character of the business that we're generating in the Dallas market is consistent with Houston. Looking at the loan-to-deposit ratio, you were asking for the expansion. That's running about a 71% right now. In terms of the dollar amounts of loans and deposits you have in Houston? Right. Of just the expansion branches is all I'm sharing with you. Kinda what we've been able to accomplish there. Is that what you were asking? Well, I was just curious how much in the way of loans and deposits you have in Houston right now. Sure, sure. In, in that- Sure. Yeah. We had deposits of $725 million, call it. Mm-hmm. Loans of a little bit shy of $515 million. All right. Great. Thanks, guys. Sure. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Peter Winter with Wedbush Securities. Please proceed with your question. Thanks. I hate to beat a dead horse, that interest income. If I could try it one more time. Jerry, the guidance that you gave, you know, north of mid-teens, is that on a reported basis of 2020, or does that exclude PPP income? No, that's. The guidance I'm giving is TE net interest income full year 2022 just reported over full year 2021. You're right, 2021 does include PPP, quite a bit more PPP than we've got. I'm saying that we'd have a little bit north of mid-teen growth is what we're projecting currently over the reported 2021. On a reported basis. Got it. Yes. Okay. That's helpful. Overdraft and NSF fees have become a hot topic for the banks, and you've seen a number of banks reduce those fees. I'm just curious what your thoughts are on overdraft NSF fees and how much that is on a quarterly basis for you guys. Sure. You know, the things that we're talking about now is you know we implemented, I think Phil may have mentioned it in his comments, overdraft grace in April, I think it was, of last year, which basically allows customers that have at least $500 in direct deposit to be able to incur a $100 overdraft with no fee. The current conversation that we're having is that we would expand that to include all customers, all consumer customers, so even if you didn't have a direct deposit. That probably costs us about $2 million a year when we pull that trigger, which will be sometime later this year. Great. Thanks, Jerry. I think the other thing, Peter, is, you know, we continue to monitor that program and adjust it. We've been doing it for years. I think the other thing that's becoming mainstream is elimination of what's called NSF fees. You know, we're in the middle of working towards that. It's just a systems programming issue that you've gotta put in place, and I expect us to have that done in the next few months. Jerry, do you have to give me an idea about what- Yeah, that's probably somewhere around $350,000-$400,000 a quarter. Okay. Thank you. All those are considered in my guidance. Thank you. There are no further questions at this time. I'd like to turn the call back over to management for any closing comments. All right. Well, we thank you for the questions today and for everybody's interest. We'll be adjourned now. Thank you. Thank you. This does conclude today's teleconference. We appreciate your participation. You may disconnect your lines at this time. Enjoy the rest of your day.