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LEADING THE CLEAN ENERGY TRANSFORMATION 2025 Third Quarter Results & Outlook October 30, 2025
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2Enter “so what” if necessary Century Gothic, Bold, Size 18 or smaller– This presentation is made as of the date hereof and contains “forward -looking statements” as defined in Rule 3b-6 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, Rule 175 of the Securities Act of 1933, and relevant legal decisions. The forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties. All forward-looking statements should be considered in the context of the risk and other factors detailed from time to time in CMS Energy’s and Consumers Energy’s Securities and Exchange Commission filings. Forward-looking statements should be read in conjunction with “FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND INFORMATION” and “RISK FACTORS” sections of CMS Energy’s and Consumers Energy’s most recent Form 10-K and as updated in reports CMS Energy and Consumers Energy file with the Securities and Exchange Commission. CMS Energy’s and Cons umers Energy’s “FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND INFORMATION” and “RISK FACTORS” sections are incorporated herein by reference and discuss important factors th at could cause CMS Energy’s and Consumers Energy’s results to differ materially from those anticipated in such statements. CMS Energy and Consumers Energy undertake no obligation to update any of the information presented herein to reflect facts, events or circumstances after the date hereof. The presentation also includes non-GAAP measures when describing CMS Energy’s results of operations and financial performance. A reconciliation of each of these measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measure is included in the appendix and posted on our website at www.cmsenergy.com. Investors and others should note that CMS Energy routinely posts important information on its website and considers the Inves tor Relations section, www.cmsenergy.com/investor- relations, a channel of distribution. Presentation endnotes are included after the appendix. 2
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3 Investment Thesis . . . . . . is simple, clean and lean. Over two decades of industry-leading financial performance Industry-leading clean energy commitments Excellence through the Top-tier regulatory jurisdictiona with attractive growth Premium total shareholder return 6% to 8% adjusted EPS growth + ~3% dividend yield Presentation endnotes are included at the end of the presentation. Strong Cash Flow & Balance Sheet Attractive & Diversified Territory Clean Energy Leader Infrastructure Renewal Constructive Legislation & Regulation Affordable Prices
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4 Dec.: File Gas Case Michigan’s Strong Regulatory Environment . . . . . . provides constructive outcomes and forward-looking visibility. Electric Gas Supportive Energy Policy • Timely recovery of investments Forward-looking test years/earn authorized ROEs 10-month rate cases Monthly fuel adjustment trackers (PSCR/GCR) Constructive ROEs • Supportive incentives enhanced w/ 2023 Michigan Energy Law Energy efficiency incentives FCM adder on PPAs • Appointed commissioners Commissioner Shaquila Myers (appointed July 2025) Renewable/Capacity Filings 2025 Mar. 21st: Order $154Ma, 9.9% ROE U-21585 Jun. 2nd: Revised $423Mb, 10.25% ROE U-21870 Highlights Staff Position Supportive of ~75% of revised ask and ~90% of capital ask REP Order Approval of an additional 8 GW of solar and 2.8 GW of Gas Order Constructive outcome with support for ~75% of final ask and ~95% gas infrastructure Sep. 11th: REP Order U-21816 Sep. 30th: Order $157.5Mc, 9.8% ROE U-21806 2026 Mid-2026: File IRP Presentation endnotes are included at the end of the presentation.
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5 Expansive Economic Development Efforts . . . . . . drive diversified growth across Michigan while maintaining affordability. 9 GW Pipeline Data Centers Manufacturing Semi-conductor Advanced Final Stages 4 – 5 GW 1½ – 2 GW 1 – 2 GW Qualified Hemlock Semi-conductor Switch Data Center Ford Blue Oval (In Plan) 900 MW Corning Inc. ~450 MWa Online 100 MW signed YTD 100 MW signed YTD Announced on Q2 Call Presentation endnotes are included at the end of the presentation.
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6 $8.5B $5.2B $6.3B $20B Infrastructure Renewals and Supply Needs . . . . . . provide long runway of needed customer investments. Current Customer Investment Plan (2025-2029) • Electric Reliability Roadmap • Up to 400 miles/yr undergrounding • 20K/yr poles replaced • Renewable Energy Plan • +8 GWa solar, +2.8 GW wind • Supports MI’s renewable mandates • Integrated Resource Plan (2026) • Additional storage • New gas capacity Total Not in Plan $10B $10B $5B+b $25B+a • Electric Distribution & Other • Reliability and resiliency • Clean Energy Generation • Executing on 2021 IRP with additional renewables • Gas Utility • Accelerated main and vintage service replacements Total Customer Investment Opportunity (through 2035) + ~$20M pre-tax for FCM by 2029 ~$60M/yr pre-tax for EWR incentive NorthStar – DIG re-contracting opportunities Presentation endnotes are included at the end of the presentation.
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7 Managing Customer Bills . . . . . . through execution of the CE Way and other cost savings. -20% -15% -10% -5% 0% 5% 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 CE Residential Bill vs. National Avg. b (Electric) Other 29% Other 29% Housing 27% Housing 27% Transportation 17% Transportation 17% Food 13% Food 13% Healthcare 8% Healthcare 8% TV & Phone 2% TV & Phone 3% 2014 2023 Residential Bills as % of Wallet a (Electric & Gas) Utility Bill ~3%Utility Bill ~4½% ~$350M in cost savings through the since 2020 2%/yr energy waste reduction Large episodic cost savings Well below the national average at 13½% National Avg. Presentation endnotes are included at the end of the presentation.
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8 . . . on track to deliver in 2025 and beyond. Commentary Amount Financial Results & Outlook . . . YTD 2025 Results ` Long - Term Outlook 2025 Full - Year Outlook 2026 Full - Year Outlook Adjusted EPS $2.66 Up vs. 2024 with confidence in the full year Adjusted EPS Guidance Annual Dividend Per Share $3.56 – $3.60 $2.11 Toward the high end Up 11¢ Adjusted EPS Guidance $3.80 – $3.87 Toward the high end Adjusted EPS Growth Dividend Payout Ratio Utility Capital Plan ($B) a +6% to +8% ~60% payout over time $20 Toward the high end Consistent DPS growth To be updated on Q4 call Presentation endnotes are included at the end of the presentation.
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9 2024 Weather Rates, Renewables & Investment Reliability, Storms incl. Productivity Parent Financing, Tax & Other Normal Weather Rates, Renewables & Investment Reliability, Storms incl. Productivity Parent Financing, Tax & Other 2025 2025 Adjusted EPS . . . . . . continued confidence toward the high end. First Nine Months 19¢ Three Months To-Go 3¢ – 7¢ $3.56–$3.6037¢ $3.34 28¢ (42)¢ 15¢ 3¢ (5)¢ – (9)¢ (4)¢ (6)¢ YTD $2.66 YTD $2.47 2024 2025 Reported EPS $2.45 $2.59 Adjustmentsa 0.02 0.07 Adjusted EPSa $2.47 $2.66 YTD EPS Results Presentation endnotes are included at the end of the presentation.
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10 . Strong Balance Sheet . . . . . . maintains credit metrics and solid investment-grade ratings. Consumers Energy CMS Energy Senior Secured Commercial Paper Outlook Senior Unsecured Junior Subordinated Outlook Last Review A1 P-2 Stable Baa2 Baa3 Stable May 2025 A+ F-2 Stable BBB BB+ Stable Mar. 2025 S&P Moody’s Fitch Forward-looking recovery Constructive rate construct Strong operating cash flow generation 100% fixed rate debt Hybrid debt (w/ equity credit) Limited near-term maturities Key Strengths A A-2 Stable BBB BBB- Stable Sept. 2025aSep. 2025a Presentation endnotes are included at the end of the presentation.
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11 Plan YTD ($M) ($M) Consumers Energy: First Mortgage Bonds $1,125 $1,125 CMS Energy: New Debt Issuances $1,270 $1,000 Planned Equity (Issued) Up to $500 $500 Retirements (incl. term loans): Consumers Energy None -- CMS Energy $850 $600 Existing Facilities $1,100M (Dec-2027) $550M (Dec-2027) $250M (Nov-2025) Consumers Energy CMS Energy Financings 2025 Planned Financings . . . . . . fund customer investments and provide ample liquidity. ~$2.1Ba of net liquidity Presentation endnotes are included at the end of the presentation.
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12 Recession Industry-Leading Financial Performance . . . . . . for over two decades, regardless of conditions. 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025+ Recession Adjusted EPS Dividend +6% to +8% Weather Help Hurt Cold winter Mild summer Hot summer Warm winter Mild summer Cold winter Summer- less Hot summer Hot summer Warm winter Mild summer Polar vortex Mild winter Warm winter Warm winter Hot summer Storms Hot summer Storms Governor (D) Governor (R) Governor (D) Commission (D) Commission (D) Commission (R) Commission (I) Commission (D) Dave Joos John Russell Patti Poppe K. Whipple Recession / Pandemic Garrick Rochow Hot summer Mild w/ storms Mild w/ storms
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1313 Q&A Thank You! See you at EEI!
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14 14 Endnotes
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15 Presentation Endnotes Slide 3: aUBS Research, 2025 state rankings and D.C. Slide 4: a$154M order excludes a $22M surcharge related to distribution investments made in 2023 above prior approved levels b$423M excludes a $24M surcharge related to certain distribution investments made for the twelve months ending February 28, 2025 above the levels approved in cases c$157.5M excludes $9M of approved O&M expense deferral Slide 5: aAnticipated load at full ramp up Slide 6: aAssumes ~50% solar ownership b$5B estimate reflects preliminary estimate Slide 7: aSource: CE Bill as % of Michigan Household Income, all data in nominal dollars. Source: Fred.stlouisfed.org, Bls.gov, % may not total 100% due to rounding bSource: Historical data from EIA, outyears for National avg. are escalated at ~2½% Slide 8: a$20B utility capital investment plan (2025-2029), up $3B from prior plan (2024-2028) Slide 9: aAdjusted EPS; see GAAP reconciliation Slide 10: aConsumers Energy S&P ratings reaffirmed in September 2025 Slide 11: a$1,743M in unreserved revolvers + $330M of unrestricted cash; excludes cash unavailable for debt retirement, such as cash held at NorthStar 15
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16 GAAP Reconciliation CMS Energy provides historical financial results on both a reported (GAAP) and adjusted (non-GAAP) basis and provides forward-looking guidance on an adjusted basis. During an oral presentation, references to “earnings” are on an adjusted basis. All references to net income refer to net income available to common stockholders and references to earnings per share are on a diluted basis. Adjustments could include items such as discontinued operations, asset sales, impairments, restructuring costs, business optimization initiative, major enterprise resource planning software implementations, changes in accounting principles, voluntary separation program, changes in federal and state tax policy, regulatory items from prior years, unrealized gains or losses from mark-to-market adjustments, recognized in net income related to NorthStar Clean Energy's interest expense, or other items. Management views adjusted earnings as a key measure of the company’s present operating financial performance and uses adjusted earnings for external communications with analysts and investors. Internally, the company uses adjusted earnings to measure and assess performance. Because the company is not able to estimate the impact of specific line items, which have the potential to significantly impact, favorably or unfavorably, the company's reported earnings in future periods, the company is not providing reported earnings guidance nor is it providing a reconciliation for the comparable future period earnings. The adjusted earnings should be considered supplemental information to assist in understanding our business results, rather than as a substitute for the reported earnings. 16
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CMS ENERGY CORPORATION Reconciliation of GAAP Net Income to Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income (Unaudited) 17 Net Income Available to Common Stockholders $ 275 $ 251 $ 775 $ 731 Reconciling items: Other ex clusions from adjusted earnings** 6 * 14 6 Tax impact (2) (*) (4) (1) State tax policy change - - 12 - V oluntary separation program - - - * Tax impact - - - (*) Adjusted net incom e – non-G AAP $ 279 $ 251 $ 797 $ 736 Average Common Shares Outstanding - Diluted 300.4 298.8 299.4 298.2 Diluted E arnings Per Av erage Common Share Reported net incom e per share $ 0.92 $ 0.84 $ 2.59 $ 2.45 Reconciling items: Other ex clusions from adjusted earnings** 0.02 * 0.04 0.02 Tax impact (0.01) (*) (0.01) (*) State tax policy change - - 0.04 - V oluntary separation program - - - * Tax impact - - - (*) Adjusted net incom e per share – non-G AAP $ 0.93 $ 0.84 $ 2.66 $ 2.47 * Less than $0.5 million or $0.01 per share. ** Includes restructuring costs and business optimization initiative. In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 9/30/25 9/30/24 9/30/25 9/30/24
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18 CMS ENERGY CORPORATION Reconciliation of GAAP Net Income to Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income by Quarter (Unaudited) Net Income Available to Common Stockholders $ 302 $ 198 $ 275 $ 285 $ 195 $ 251 $ 262 Reconciling items: Electric utility and gas utility * 4 6 4 2 * * Tax impact (*) 11 (2) (1) (*) (*) (*) NorthStar Clean Energy 3 1 * - - - - Tax impact (1) (*) (*) - - - - Corporate interest and other - - - - - - (*) Tax impact - (*) - - - - * Adjusted Net Income – Non-GAAP $ 304 $ 214 $ 279 $ 288 $ 197 $ 251 $ 262 Average Common Shares Outstanding – Diluted 299.1 299.1 300.4 297.2 298.5 298.8 298.7 Diluted E arnings Per Av erage Common Share $ 1.01 $ 0.66 $ 0.92 $ 0.96 $ 0.65 $ 0.84 $ 0.87 Reconciling items: Electric utility and gas utility * 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 * * Tax impact (*) 0.04 (0.01) (*) (*) (*) (*) NorthStar Clean Energy 0.01 * * - - - - Tax impact (*) (*) (*) - - - - Corporate interest and other - - - - - - (*) Tax impact - (*) - - - - * Adjusted Diluted E arnings Per Av erage Common Share – Non-GAAP $ 1.02 $ 0.71 $ 0.93 $ 0.97 $ 0.66 $ 0.84 $ 0.87 * Less than $0.5 million or $0.01 per share. 2024 2Q 3Q 4Q1Q 2Q 3Q 1Q 2025 In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts