Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by. Welcome to the CNO Financial Group first quarter 2024 earnings call. All lines have been placed on mute during the presentation portion of the call, with an opportunity for question and answer at the end. If you'd like to ask a question, please press star followed by one on your telephone keypad. I would now like to hand this conference call over to our host, Adam Auvil. Please. Good morning, and Thank you for joining us on CNO Financial Group's first quarter 2024 earnings conference call. Today's presentation will include remarks from Gary Bhojwani, Chief Executive Officer, and Paul McDonough, Chief Financial Officer. Following the presentation, we will also have other business leaders available for the question and answer period. During this conference call, we will be referring to information contained in yesterday's press release. You can obtain the release by visiting the media section of our website at cno.com. This morning's presentation is also available in the investors section of our website and was filed in a Form 8-K yesterday. We expect to file our Form 10-Q and post it on our website on or before May 6th. Let me remind you that any forward-looking statements we make today are subject to a number of factors which may cause actual results to be materially different than those contemplated by the forward-looking statements. Today's presentation contains a number of non-GAAP measures which should not be considered as substitutes for the most directly comparable GAAP measures. You'll find a reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures to the corresponding GAAP measures in the appendix. Throughout the presentations, we'll be making performance comparisons, and unless otherwise specified, any comparisons made will refer to changes between first quarter 2024 and first quarter 2023. With that, I'll turn the call over to Gary. Thanks, Adam. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us. CNO delivered another strong quarter of operating performance, building on our 2023 momentum and track record of sustainable growth. Our first quarter results were among the best operating metrics we've generated in the past several years with respect to consumer and worksite sales, our distribution force, and new products. Our consumer and worksite businesses posted our seventh consecutive quarter of sales production growth and our fifth consecutive quarter in producing agent counts. Total new annualized premium was up 8%, benefiting from successful distribution force metrics in both divisions. Our dedicated teams delivered sales growth in nearly all product categories. We posted solid and sustainable earnings with operating earnings per share of $0.52. Results benefited from favorable insurance product margin reflecting growth in the business and continued expansion of the portfolio book yield, which continues to benefit from higher interest rates. The new money rate exceeded 6% for a fifth consecutive quarter. The only material item that offset our strong operating results in the quarter was $24.3 million of unfavorable mark-to-market pre-tax impacts on real estate partnerships within our alternative investments. Despite these impacts, total net investment income was up in the quarter. Capital and liquidity remained well above target levels after returning $57 million to shareholders. Book value per diluted share, excluding AOCI, was $34.97, up 10%. The underlying fundamentals of our business are sound, as demonstrated by sales momentum in both consumer and worksite, a growing distribution force, continued solid and sustainable earnings, our excellent capital position, and no change to our full-year guidance. Turning to slide five, this quarter we introduced an expanded growth scorecard. This is our first significant change to this document since 2018. As we continue to enhance our focus on sustainable profitable growth, the refreshed scorecard focuses on the three key drivers of our performance: production, distribution, and investments in capital. We are pleased that nearly all metrics are up in the quarter. I especially want to draw your attention to our consistent growth in book value per share. I'll discuss each division in the next two slides. Paul will cover investments in capital in more detail during his remarks. Beginning with the Consumer Division on slide six, our consumer business posted a very strong start to the year. We continue to be pleased with the solid execution and sustainable sales growth. Our unique capabilities marry a virtual connection with our established in-person agent force to complete the critical last mile of sales and service delivery. These capabilities remain a key differentiator and driver of our growth. Life and Health NAP was up 7%. Health NAP was up 22%, bolstered by a positive reception from consumers to our new health products. Our Medicare portfolio delivered impressive results during the quarter. Medicare Supplement NAP was up 24%, and Medicare Advantage sales were up 38%. As a reminder, Medicare Advantage fees and sales are not reflected in NAP. By offering both Medicare Supplement and Medicare Advantage products, we provide more coverage options for customers. The balance and diversification of our Medicare portfolio is an important part of how we serve the middle-income market. While interest in Medicare products peaks in the fourth quarter during the annual enrollment period, Medicare distribution is a year-round business for CNO. With nearly 11,000 people turning age 65 every day in the United States, first-time customers who are new to Medicare are most in need of the service and expertise provided by our field agents. We are uniquely positioned to help them make an educated choice for their coverage. Long-term care NAP was up 71% on the continued strength of our recently launched Long-Term Care Fundamental Plus product. 99% of these policies have benefit periods of two years or less, and more than 90% have benefit periods of one year or less. These plans cover essential costs for one to two years and provide a balanced and affordable approach to funding care for our clients. Life production was down slightly to prior years. Direct-to-consumer life NAP moderated in the quarter due to our decision to proactively reduce television marketing spend. Agent-sold life NAP was flat due to a challenging comparable. Our D2C advertising is rooted in a price discipline and measured strategy built on decades of market experience. We maintain an opportunistic approach, scaling our marketing expenditure up or down based on advertising market. As a reminder, television advertising costs are not capitalized and typically fluctuate during presidential election years. We expect 2024 to follow a similar pattern. Our web and digital D2C capabilities are also instrumental in generating sales. Our teams are working hard to ensure that these channels continue to reach more customers. Life NAP from web and digital channels was up 13% in the quarter and now accounts for approximately 25% of all D2C life sales. Our diverse lead generation and distribution capabilities enable us to adapt to changing market environments and provide balance and stability to our results. Annuity collected premiums in the quarter were up 6%, and account values were up 4%. As I shared last quarter, our captive distribution model and the long-term relationships that our agents build with customers provide stability to this block. Persistency remains within expected levels in light of the current interest rate environment. Client assets in brokerage and advisory were up 32% for the quarter to a record $3.4 billion. New accounts were up 8%. Four consecutive quarters of brokerage and advisory growth reflect an agent force that is building enduring relationships with clients. When combined with our annuity account values, our clients now entrust us with more than $15 billion of their assets. Successful agent recruiting and retention fuel our sales momentum. Recruiting was up 12%, our seventh consecutive quarter of agent force gains. Producing agent count was up 8%, the fifth consecutive quarter of growth. Our proprietary agent referral and retention programs drove strong recruiting results. Agent metrics also benefited from new initiatives that are leveraging technology to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of our online recruiting presence. Next, slide seven in our Worksite Division performance. Our Worksite Division is also off to a strong start. Life and health insurance sales were up 19%. In seven of the past eight quarters, worksite insurance sales have delivered at least 15% growth. As I shared last quarter, this level of sustained growth underscores the significant value that our worksite insurance offerings bring to employers and their employees. Services fee sales were up 9%. This metric reflects the annual contract value of benefit services sold in the first quarter and is a leading indicator of fee revenue growth. Advancing our benefit services strategy remains a priority for 2024 and beyond. Producing agent count was up 28%, our eighth consecutive quarter of growth. First-year producing agent count was up 36%. We are seeing solid agent retention across all cohorts and are experiencing healthy productivity levels. Recruiting was up 32% year-over-year, driven by agent referrals that were up 50% in the quarter. Our results underscore the attractiveness of our agent opportunity with Optavise. As a reminder, agents who are recommended to us through our proprietary personal referral program typically stay with the company longer and are more productive. Ongoing enhancements to our agent training and onboarding programs continue to support growth in producing agent counts and agent productivity. Recent investments in a new learning management system and other digital tools are improving both the personalization and flexibility of how we deliver education to our agents. This quarter, we continue to advance several initiatives designed to accelerate worksite sales growth, add customer value, and expand our market reach. First, new product offerings continue to be well received by both employers and employees. Our refreshed accident insurance product, which launched last June, was up 43% in the quarter. Our new critical illness product, which was introduced in the fourth quarter, was up 5%. Second, our geographic expansion initiative accounted for 40% of our total sales growth in the quarter. This program targets areas where we've identified strategic opportunities to grow our market share and footprint. Lastly, we rolled out a client acquisition program to help agents cultivate and add value to new worksite group clients. The program launched late last year and we're already experiencing early success. New group clients were up 65% for the quarter. With that, I'll turn it over to Paul. Thank you, Gary, and good morning, everyone. Turning to the financial highlights on slide eight, our operating earnings in the quarter reflect strong insurance product margins and continued growth in net investment income allocated to products. This reflects growth in the business and continued improvement in the book yield of the investment portfolio as we put new money to work at levels above the portfolio yield. Offsetting those favorable trends was a decrease in net investment income not allocated to products, which includes our alternative investments, which I'll come back to in a moment. We generated solid free cash flow in the period. Capital ratios and liquidity remained well above target levels, and we deployed $40 million of capital on share repurchases in the quarter, contributing to a 3% reduction in weighted average diluted shares outstanding year-over-year. On a trailing 12-month basis, operating return on equity was 9.7% as reported and 8.5% ex-significant items. Turning to slide nine, insurance product margin was strong in the quarter, reflecting growth in the business and claims experience generally in line with expectations. The results highlight the benefit of our diverse product mix with some puts and takes, but in total, stable and growing. Traditional life margins benefited from lower advertising expense. Annuity margins in general were impacted by higher surrenders, but within expected levels in the context of the current interest rate environment. Fixed indexed annuity margins also reflected moderating spreads, but in line with our pricing and target returns. Turning to slide 10, the new money rate in the quarter was 6.17%, the fifth consecutive quarter above 6%. Certainly a positive result and accretive to the portfolio's book yield in the quarter. The average yield on allocated investments was 4.70% in the quarter, up 8 basis points year-over-year. The increase in yield, along with growth in the business, drove a 4% increase in net investment income allocated to products for the quarter. Total investment income reflects $24 million of net unfavorable mark-to-market impacts on certain real estate partnerships within our alternative investment portfolio. This is against our expectation in 1Q of a $14 million-$16 million pre-tax gain. Even with the underperformance in the alternative investment portfolio, total net investment income increased 2.5% year-over-year. Our new investments in the quarter comprised approximately $750 million of assets, with an average rating of A- and an average duration of seven years. Our new investments are summarized in more detail on slides 21 and 22 of the presentation. Turning to slide 11, approximately 97% of our fixed maturity portfolio at quarter end was investment-grade rated with an average rating of single A, reflecting our up-and-quality actions over the past several years. In the last 12 months, the allocation to single A-rated or higher securities is up 270 basis points. The BBB allocation is down 250 basis points, and the high-yield allocation is down 20 basis points. As you can see from the pie chart, approximately 2.5% of our portfolio, or $630 million, is allocated to alternative investments. As you can see in the pie chart on the next slide, slide 12, our alternatives include an allocation to real estate partnerships. These have performed well over the long term, and we expect will continue to perform well through the current cycle and beyond. But the market-driven mark-to-market impacts on the real estate partnerships adversely impacted the results for the quarter, driven by the annual appraisal of the underlying real estate assets in the context of higher cap rates in the current higher interest rate environment. The book value of these real estate partnerships was $86 million at March 31, so quite small in both absolute and relative terms. It's also important to note that the underlying properties in these partnerships are 100% occupied by investment-grade tenants, including notable Fortune 150 companies. They are in long-term, non-cancelable leases, and they continue to produce stable cash flows at the property level and stable cash distributions to CNO, as reflected in each of the last 12-month and quarterly distribution columns in the table on the slide. Away from alternative investments and commenting more broadly on commercial real estate exposure, our commercial mortgage loans and CMBS continue to perform according to our expectations, reflecting conservative underwriting and proactive management. We have, again, included some of the summary metrics in slides 23 and 24 of the presentation. Turning to slide 13, our capital position remains strong. At quarter end, our consolidated risk-based capital ratio was 391%. HoldCo liquidity was $223 million, and leverage was just under 23%. Turning to slide 14 and our 2024 guidance, we are maintaining all guidance ranges for the year. This includes operating earnings per share in the range of $3.10-$3.30 for the year, excluding significant items. This affirmation includes an expectation that alternative investments generate a return more in line with the long-term run rate assumption of between 9% and 10% for the balance of the year, consistent with our initial guidance assumptions. We also continue to expect that fee income will be slightly down year-over-year, but with a slight change to the seasonal weighting. We now expect roughly 1/3 of the full-year earnings came in the first quarter, and the balance will come in the fourth quarter, with the second and third quarters roughly break even. Given the first quarter results, the full-year operating EPS is more likely to come in at the lower end of the range than the higher end of the range. But our point estimate for the full year remains comfortably inside of the earnings per share range. We continue to expect excess cash flow to the holding company in the range of $140 million-$200 million. As stated in our remarks last quarter, the high end of the range assumes status quo. In particular, no deterioration in economic conditions and no material change in the risk profile of our investment portfolio. Finally, we will continue to manage to a consolidated risk-based capital ratio of 375% in our U.S.-based insurance companies, minimum HoldC o-liquidity of $150 million, and target leverage between 25%-28%. With that, I'll turn it back over to Gary. Thanks, Paul. Last month, we published our sixth annual letter to shareholders. In it, we emphasize the perspective that we have shared in several forums. CNO is a growth story that offers compelling long-term shareholder value creation. Our business model is unique and valuable. We say what we will do, then we do what we say, and we back our commitments with a track record of execution. As we look to the remainder of 2024, we remain squarely focused on profitable growth and shareholder return opportunity. We thank you for your support of and interest in CNO Financial Group. We will now open it up to questions. Operator? Thank you. If you'd like to ask a question, please press star followed by one on your telephone keypad, ensuring you are unmuted locally. If you'd like to withdraw your question at any time, you can do so by pressing star followed by two. As a reminder to ask your question, it's star followed by one. Our first question comes from the line of Ryan Krueger of Stifel. Your line is now open. Please go ahead. Hey, thanks. Good morning. My first question was on life advertising. Can you just give some more thoughts around what you're seeing in the external environment for advertising costs and how that's influencing the level of spend and how that could play out as the year goes on with the political election? Yeah. Hey, Ryan. This is Gary. Thanks for the question. We see this happen at every election cycle, so we're expecting a similar pattern, and it's starting to play itself through. The bottom line is that advertising costs are going up. We track very carefully our yield. We track the marketing costs to the premiums that come in and to the number of phone calls and so on. There's a number of different metrics that our people track. When we believe that the advertising costs get too high to perform against those metrics, we back off. You'll recall we've done that at past election cycles. I expect that's going to happen here again in 2024. We'll wait and see, but if I were a betting man, that's what I think's going to happen. So we see the costs going up. Therefore, we see the yield going down, and we'll back off opportunistically. If we see that change or if opportunities present themselves, we'll step back on the gas pedal. Got it. Thanks. And then on long-term care, can you provide any more color on what you saw in the quarter? It looked like the claims were favorable, and then just things have bounced around there a little bit in terms of LTC margins. Just any rough sense of kind of what you'd view as a more normalized level at this point? Hey, Ryan. It's Paul. I'd say that our claims experience and the margins for long-term care in the quarter, we're generally in line with our expectations. It certainly does reflect the growth in the business. There was slightly more favorable new run rate in the wake of the assumption unlocking in the fourth quarter. But I think that, by and large, captures how we're thinking about the LTC margin in the quarter. Okay. Got it. Thank you. Thank you. The next question comes from the line of John Barnidge of Piper Sandler. Your line is now open. Please go ahead. Good morning. Thank you for the opportunity. You talked about there were surrender trends in the first quarter in annuities. It looks like they were increased with outflows. Can you talk about the surrender trends in 2Q 2024 to date? Does it seem like it was a one-off, or is it something that is persisting amid higher markets generally? Hey, John. This is Gary. I'll make some general comments, and then I'll let Paul and others jump in if they want to add to it. We generally don't provide guidance ahead of the quarter. So in terms of telling you how 2Q is going to shape up, we generally don't do that. However, I will make some general observations. Given the interest rate environment, we should expect surrenders to run higher than, say, a couple of years ago when interest rates were considerably lower. Our persistency models account for that. We're expecting that, so they will run higher than, say, a couple of years ago. But I would remind all of our shareholders that we benefit from some things in the marketplace that maybe some of our competitors don't. First, our annuities are produced exclusively by our captive distribution network, and we have certain policies and procedures in place where they don't have an incentive to churn business. That's number one. Number two, remember that our target market typically doesn't get called on as frequently as, say, ultra-high net-worth individuals simply because they don't have the asset pool that attracts a lot of distribution to call on them regularly. So our products aren't regularly facing that type of high level of competition. Third, like most other players, the product design that we have on our annuities has surrender charges. So particularly in the first several years, it's a typical 10/10 where there's surrender charges for roughly 10 years. But typically, in the first few years, there's really a significant disincentive, even at the consumer level, to surrender. So for those reasons, we expect our surrenders to be higher than the recent past, but we expect not to suffer the same degree of pressure that some other players in the industry will experience. Paul or Jeremy, would you like to add anything to my comments? Gary, the only thing I'd add is that surrenders are certainly higher today than they were before this rate cycle began. But they've been reasonably stable the last few months and within our expectations in the context of the current rate environment. Thank you for that. My follow-up question, do you view the level of annuity earnings achieved in the first quarter as run-rate? Hey, John. It's Paul. I mean, the margin was impacted, certainly, by the surrenders. And sort of a tertiary impact is that some of the policies that are surrendering had higher spreads, so spreads have moderated, but still within our pricing and target return levels. It bounces around a bit whether the current quarter is run ratable, to your question. I'd say within the volatility from quarter to quarter, yes, and that the account values continue to grow. So over the long run, we would expect that as spreads sort of stabilize, then you should expect growth along with the growth of the business. John, this is Gary. There's only one perspective I'd add to that. Remember that we benefit from a pretty diverse product portfolio. In any given quarter, one product's going to run hot, one's going to run cool. There's going to be some movement. I would just remind everybody that we've reaffirmed our annual guidance, and that's probably the strongest testament we can give you as to how we think the consolidated portfolio will perform. Thanks for the answers, Gary, Paul. Thank you. Thank you. The next question comes from the line of Wes Carmichael of Autonomous. Your line is now open. Please go ahead. Hey, good morning, and thanks for taking my question. Last week, we got the final published fiduciary rule from the Department of Labor. I realize it's a pretty big document, but can you help us maybe with your current thinking around any impacts to an increase in compliance costs, recruiting, or any sales impacts associated with the rule? Hey, Wes. This is Gary. Thanks for the question. So you're right. It is a rather voluminous rule, and it is rather recent. Let me start with kind of the conclusion and tell you that at CNO, we're not expecting any particular or notable adverse developments as a result of that. Now, that said, I want to put an asterisk on it. CNO is a member of the ACLI, and we sit on the board. And the ACLI has, I think, laid out a pretty cogent case as to why the industry is opposed to the rule, and we share some of those views. But to your specific question in terms of the significant impact to CNO, we don't expect that. Got it. Thanks, Gary. I just wanted to come back to the real estate mark-to-market in the quarter. I think you pointed to most of that mark being driven by annual appraisals. I guess what I'd like to get your perspective on is if we could continue to see some volatility in that portfolio through the balance of the year or if you think, really, there's not going to be maybe any significant additional marks until we get to the first quarter of next year. Hey, Wes. This is Paul. Eric, I'd invite you to provide some color. Yeah, sure. Good morning, Wes and Paul. If you think about it, we went through a year last year where, if you believe NCREIF statistics, the office market was down somewhere between 18%-20% on the year. And certainly, it's a tough neighborhood. The ongoing credit cycle reset in office values is probably closer to the end of the ballgame than the beginning of the ballgame. The recovery will take some time and may not be a straight line. One way of thinking about the ongoing valuation here is that it is a you can think about cap rates as a proxy to a degree. And if you look at maybe 150 basis points moving cap rates, that's probably worth $10 million of valuation, meaning that it takes a really strong moving cap rates to affect a material change in valuation. You're dealing with, here, long-term assets with a stable NOI that are refinanced with long-term fixed-rate financing with 100% occupancy, meaning that you're kind of a long cash flow, short leverage trade. And so I think during the year, you're not going to see a whole lot of volatility. And at the end of the year, depending on the kind of a point-to-point revaluation, that's what you produce. I think we're not going to replicate 2023, but there could be some favorable development during 2024 or some additional unfavorable development. If you think about it, during the period before this first quarter, the revaluations on these properties were, in aggregate, up maybe $10 million-$12 million and gave back $20 million of it in 2023. So that just suggests to you that 2023 is probably the outlier and won't replicate itself. Thanks, Eric. That's helpful. You're welcome. The next question comes from the line of Scott Heleniak of RBC Capital Markets. Your line is now open. Please go ahead. Yes. Good morning. The Medicare Advantage and Medicare Supplement, you had strong growth trends there. You have for a while. But just wondering if you could talk about the drivers there, whether it's market share, agent productivity. Obviously, the demographics are working your way. If you can talk about that a little bit and then just anything you can add on what you're seeing out there in the competitive landscape in those areas and those product lines, that'd be great. Yeah. Hey, Scott. This is Gary. Thanks for the question. Yeah, you're right. We've been very, very pleased with the success we've seen for several quarters now. I think there are a number of things working for us. Number one, as you point out, the demographics are definitely working for us. You've got 11,000 people a day retiring, so demand for the products continues to be very strong. Virtually every retiree, at least, looks at Medicare Advantage or Medicare Supplements. Not all of them buy it, of course, but virtually every single one looks. It's the closest thing we have to auto insurance in our business. So that's one thing that's helping us. More unique to CNO, there's a handful of things that we've done. First, we've invested pretty substantially in our online platform, particularly for Medicare Advantage. We now represent virtually all of the major carriers in just about every jurisdiction, and we've got a technology platform that I think is quite good, the feedback that we're getting and the success we're seeing with that. Third, we can marry that technology offering with face-to-face agents for those consumers that want it. That's one thing, I think, that really sets us apart. If I look back over the last three-five years, we've seen a number of entrants come into the space with a purely technology offering. And in my opinion, the fatal flaw in those models is that they only appeal to people who want to buy on the lowest price. They don't really have the ability to provide that kitchen-table service that we can provide. So that's something that's really helped us. And I think our agents have done a fantastic job. I should have probably started with this. They deserve 90-some-odd percentage of the credit here for the work they're doing out there, helping people understand and knocking on doors and so on. And finally, the final thing that's unique to CNO, we undertook a repricing of our Medicare Supplement policy. Remember, we manufacture Medicare Supplement, and we distribute Medicare Advantage. So we undertook a repricing of that, and that happened to coincide with some regulatory pressures being put on Medicare Advantage that I think was leading more consumers back to Medicare Supplement than historically had been looking at it. So all of these things have come together. Some of them are across the industry. Some of them are unique to CNO. But I think all of these things have come together to give us a really nice tailwind. Of course, the thing I want to remind everybody of, this wasn't in your question, but I think this is really critical to remember when you think about our business model. What makes us unique among life insurers, we regard Medicare as oftentimes the first step, the way we get into the door of the household. Then we build the relationship where we talk to those customers about annuities or long-term care or life insurance or what have you. So the ability to supplement, if you will, Medicare Advantage and Medicare Supplement really makes sure that those relationships are built on a much broader and deeper foundation that let us grow and keep those customers with us. So I would point to all of those things as thoughts to why we're doing well and why I think, more importantly, we'll continue to do well. Okay. That's really helpful. Anything new or any changes on the competitive front in that area? I mean, it sounds like you're gaining market share. Is there anything you can point to, or is it just the execution you kind of talked about and the reasons you talked about? Yeah. I mean, I'd like to give the credit to our agents in the execution that they're out there doing every day. I think there have been some market trends. I know there've been regulatory pressures. I alluded to this a little bit, particularly on some of the Medicare Advantage distributors. I don't think that pressure's about to go away anytime soon. I think that the government is taking a close look at some of these practices and policies, and that's created some pressure. I'm not going to comment on how it's impacted their businesses, but I'll just say that we continue to do the right things the right way with great people that are out there executing every day. Yep. That's fair enough. Okay. And then just a question too on the persistency levels. You mentioned they're consistent with your expectation in the script. Can you talk a little bit more about how that's kind of been trending over the past year by segment? Is there any more detail you can give on that just to give a little bit of sense of trend, or are they just stable? So, Scott, you're asking about persistency trends for Med Supp and Med Advantage? Yes. Just to clarify, that's your question? Yeah. Jeremy, do you want to comment on that? Jeremy Williams? Yeah. Yeah, I can comment on that. This is Jeremy. Generally, they've been pretty stable. They've been a little bit higher on the Med Supp maybe than what they were previous to that, but generally in line with expectations. Nothing to really write home about there. Okay. Thanks a lot. Scott, if I could just add one perspective on that. The more of our clients that have multiple products with us, conventional wisdom holds, the better our persistency across the book should be. And in particular, the more of our clients that have annuities with us because remember, when a client entrusts us with an annuity, it fundamentally changes the relationship. Most of our other products are regarded as expensive, excuse me, as expenses. Think about a consumer pays their monthly Medicare bill or their annual life insurance bill. They regard those as expenses. When they buy an annuity from us, that changes the relationship into one of an investment. And so the consumers that place those products with us are more likely to stay with us across the product portfolio. And so as our annuity book has grown, as the number of clients who have annuities with us has grown, we would expect to see that. Now, one other thing, we've been focusing our comments really on the consumer business, which makes up the majority of CNO, of course. But I do want to point out that our worksite business has also been doing very well, particularly on the persistency. The products that we're providing through employers to consumers are very highly valued by both the employee and the employer, and we've seen very strong persistency there. As much as we focus our comments on consumer and I want to get a plug-in for worksite, but the folks there are doing a fantastic job, and we're really seeing those products get appreciated. Great. Thanks. The next question comes from the line of Suneet Kamath of Jefferies. Your line is now open. Please go ahead. Yeah. Thanks, Scott. Good morning, everyone. So I guess for Paul, if I think about your EPS guidance backing out the first quarter, it looks like a pretty decent step up in the balance of the year in terms of what's implied. I get that you're expecting alts to come back, but is there any other sort of big drivers that you expect that'll get you to something closer to that mid to high 80s, low 90s kind of range? Hey, Suneet. Yeah. I mean, I'd say there's always puts and takes, and certainly in the first quarter, margin was a bit favorable to our expectations. Alts was clearly below expectations. As you know and as I mentioned, we're assuming that alts will be more in line with the long-term run rate of between 9%-10%, the balance of the year. And in that context, as I mentioned in my earlier comments, the point estimate for EPS for the year is comfortably inside of that original $3.10-$3.30 EPS range. And as I mentioned before, certainly in the context of Q1, there's a higher chance that it comes in at the lower end of that range than when we sat here in February. Got it. So is most of it the alts recovering? I just want to see if there's any other big pieces that we should be thinking about. I mean, that's certainly an important assumption. But again, our expectation is that as actual results play out, there's always going to be puts and takes. I think it's worth noting that although margin in total was generally in line with our expectations, it was kind of to the plus side of the range of expectations. I think it's reasonable to assume that trend continues to some extent over the balance of the year. Okay. Makes sense. And then I guess a maybe bigger picture question for Gary. I think the issue of field force management has become very topical in the eyes of the market. So I was just wondering, especially as we think about the independent contractor model, 1099 employees or independent contractors, can you just talk a little bit about how you manage distribution risk within your overall organization? Sure. Thank you for the question. I recognize that this topic is getting attention. The first thing I want to assure all of our shareholders of is that we have a very robust compliance program. We have different ways of monitoring the activities of our agents. I also want to remind people that roughly one out of six or seven of our agents also hold a securities license. Remember that when you have a securities license, there's a whole different level of compliance, oversight, scrutiny, and so on and so forth above and beyond what an insurance agent experiences. I think that's the first thing to point out. The second thing to point out, recognize that the nature of our field force is slightly different. Most of our offices, if you look at the leadership of most of our field offices, those leaders are W-2 employees. I believe that's a rather unique model. Now, the downside is because we own the offices, so to speak, we have a higher fixed cost base. So that's the downside of our model. But the upside is, I would argue, greater accountability, greater control, and greater oversight than a model where we don't have that cost and that infrastructure. Now, I want to emphasize, the majority of our agents are indeed 1099 folks, and they do a fantastic job. But I think we've got this hybrid that makes us different than other players out there because we have leadership at the field level that are W-2 employees, because the offices are ours as opposed to independently contracted 100%, and because we have a pretty significant population of our agents with a securities license. And again, the folks on this call probably know better than most, when you have that type of a securities license, the degree of oversight and personal liability that you have is significant. So I think when you bring all of those things together, does that make it impossible for us to have a problem? Of course not. Does it materially reduce the likelihood of a problem, and does it materially increase the visibility we'd have, meaning early warning signals and so on? I think so. I think we're in a good place. And you never want to be the CEO that says, "We're not going to have a problem," because that's tempting fate. But I feel very, very good about where we are, our programs, our processes, and the folks that we have overseeing these things. Okay. That's helpful. Thanks, Gary. The next question comes from the line of Wilma Burdis of Raymond James. Your line is now open. Please go ahead. Hey, good morning. Could you discuss the path from current 9% ROE? What ROE can CNO achieve over time? How long might that take, and what are some of the steps to get there? Thanks. Hey, Wilma. It's Paul. The question is asking for a specific number, and I'm sure it won't surprise you that I'm not going to give you a specific number. But I will say that Gary and the entire executive management team is very focused on what we can do to take our ROE, which current run rate's sort of 9.5%-ish, to something that's more in line with the peer group, which would be 11%-13%, 12%-14%. We don't think there are any silver bullets, but we think there are lots of things that, in aggregate, over time will close the GAAP. And all I can tell you is that we're very focused on that, and I expect that we will achieve that objective over time. Yeah. Wilma, if I can jump in, I just want to add a couple of perspectives. So as you would expect, I 100% agree with Paul. I would also say, like Paul, that we're not going to provide a specific guidance at this stage. But what I do want you to hear from me is we have line of sight on the ability to improve our ROE. We know we can drive this higher. Number two, we know we need to drive this higher. We absolutely have to get the ROE more in line with industry peers. And so that's a significant point of focus for us. And we expect to deliver against that. We absolutely do. Thanks. Just a quick follow-up on that. Could you identify a couple of the things that could help toward that goal? Sure. I can give you just kind of in broad strokes the kinds of things that you would expect we'd be looking at. Number one, expenses is obviously a lever that we can pull, and that's something that we're looking at. There are things that we can do with the in-force book to influence policyholder behavior. There are some things we can do with pricing. There are obviously things we can do with pricing with new business. There are things that we can do that impact the denominator in the equation. That's not a comprehensive list, but that's the kinds of things that we're looking at. Wilma, I'd like to add a perspective on that in terms of the sequencing. At least in my view, it was really critical to get the sales engine firing first. We had a fair bit of momentum going into COVID, and then obviously, COVID wasn't unique to us, of course. It screwed up a lot of things for a lot of different folks, and it slowed us down. We felt it was absolutely imperative to get that sales engine firing again, to get our recruiting where we need it to be, to get our new product launches where they need to be, to get our agent offerings to where they need to be. I think we've got a fair bit of momentum now. Now that we've got the sales engine, the top line, if you will, I think, firing in a consistent and sustainable way, now it's time to make it more efficient. There was a sequencing on our part. This was. It's not that we were just realizing that the ROE needs to improve. It was a conscious choice on our part to first focus on getting that top-line momentum going, getting it sustainable, and now we need to turn our attention to making the machinery more efficient. And that's what we're focused on next. Okay. Thank you. And then could you talk about the opportunities to acquire distribution? You probably saw that Globe did not complete a distribution deal in 1Q, but it seems like there's some possible targets in the market. Yeah. We've seen targets over the years. We've looked at quite a few. As you know, we've done two rather small acquisitions over on the worksite side. At least on the consumer side, most of the acquisition opportunities we've seen, I just couldn't get my head around the valuations. They might be able to work for others. I couldn't get there on the math. But we're open to it. I want to send the signal that we definitely would consider the right opportunities. But at least if I think about the candidates we've looked at over the last three to four years, I couldn't make the numbers work on the valuation side. Paul, you obviously looked at that stuff pretty carefully. Paul and Eric, Eric runs corporate development for us. I don't know if you guys want to add any comments. I think that captures it, Gary. All right. Thank you. Thank you. The next question comes from Nicholas Liu of Evercore ISI. Your line is open. Please go ahead. Hi. I think it's for Tom Gallagher. But my question is, Paul, for the full-year 2024 guide, you're using $0.52 that you reported in operating as the Q1 earnings number or the normalized backing out the adverse alternatives of $0.79? I just want to make sure I'm understanding that correctly. Hey, Tom. We're using $0.52, the as-reported. Gotcha. And then that being the case, that's a $0.27 delta. It's actually, to me, you're, I guess, slightly raising to above the range. You're underwriting expectations considering that alternative adjustment. So if that's true, when you assess the businesses, what's outperforming or at least performing at the top end of the range from an operating standpoint, and what is not when you just assess the various businesses and what you're seeing in Q1 so far? Sure. So Tom, I'd make two points. Number one, I think you'd expect that when we initially put our guidance out, we were kind of solving for the midpoint. And as I mentioned, in the context of the first quarter, you'd expect that we'd be, there's a higher probability we end up lower in the range. So I'd encourage you to factor that into your thinking. And then in terms of what else might be better than previously contemplated, a part of the dynamic is better run rates in certain products in the wake of the fourth quarter unlocking, which wasn't fully contemplated and baked into the initial guidance. Gotcha. That makes sense. That makes Yeah. Sorry. Go ahead. Anything else you would add to that, Paul? No. I just was going to ask if you were following that logic. I am. Yes. Just a question on the statutory earnings in the quarter. They were a bit soft, and I think there's normally some seasonal weakness in Q1. But what drove the weaker statutory earnings in the quarter, and how were the LTC statutory earnings relative to GAAP? Because I saw GAAP, obviously, was pretty favorable on long-term care. Did you see a similar benefit in statutory? Yeah. So a few things, I think, worth noting there, Tom. Number one, Q1 is seasonally lower, as you mentioned. And then with respect to long-term care, there's pretty significant first-year sales strain given the growth in long-term care. So there's a pretty significant GAAP to stat difference there. So that's all pre-tax. And then the other thing to point out is that the taxes are quite high. So we had $23 million of pre-tax stat income and then $27 million of taxes, resulting in the $4 million stat tax loss. And on the taxes, there are really two things that are driving what appears to be an elevated level of taxes. One is that you have increased taxable income relative to the stat earnings for our FIA business. And that's in the context of favorable equity market movements, which increase the stat reserves more than the tax reserves. So that's a big driver. And then the second is the fact that our U.S. OpCos are now paying the U.S. Hold Co for use of NOLs, which at the OpCo level were fully utilized as of 3Q of last year. So those are the primary things that I would emphasize as you think about the stat results. That's helpful. And then a final question for I guess it would be Eric, just on the investment portfolio. So about a 1/3 of your alternative investments are in commercial real estate. And just given, I would say, the ongoing pressure on that asset class, would you expect to have results for the year that come in below plan? And I ask that because you do have some peers like MetLife that have lowered their return expectations in that asset class this year. Yeah. Tom, good morning or good afternoon almost at this point. So as I think about things and the first quarter, I think we're trending toward normalized results in our PE allocation, which on a total return basis was probably in the kind of mid-single digits in the quarter. Private credit, very similar outcome, kind of mid-single digits on the quarter and stabilizing in a reasonable way. Infrastructure, the same, and all of which offset by oh, excuse me. The institutional funds on the real estate side produced a marginally positive return on the quarter. And looking back over the trailing quarters, I think that allocation is moving toward a more normalized result also. And so really, it's just this one particular $80-ish million dollar piece of the alts allocation that produced a materially negative and outside our expectations return on the quarter. That's obviously not going to replicate itself every quarter. So I think as we particularly look toward the trailing part of the year, the part of the year ahead of us, I have every reason to think that we're looking toward normalized returns. Now, nothing is for sure, and markets just have an inherent uncertainty, which you know as well as I. But the trends we are seeing suggest to us that and the actions we're taking in developing the portfolio. As you know, we, for example, completed a $100 million ICOLI with a largely PE allocation the tail end of next year. And we think we'll have a good influence as we get past the J- curve in that later this year. So I look forward to future earnings calls where I don't have to talk about this because it's producing the results that it expects to. And I think that day I can foresee readily. Okay. Thanks for the caller. You're welcome. As there are no additional questions waiting at this time, I'd like to hand the conference call back over to Adam Auvil for closing remarks. Thank you, operator. Thank you all for participating in today's call. Please reach out to the investor relations team if you have any further questions. Have a great rest of your day. Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes today's call. Thank you for joining. You may now disconnect your line.