Good morning and welcome to CenterPoint Energy's First Quarter Earnings Conference Call with senior management. During the company's prepared remarks, all participants will be in a listen-only mode. There will be a question-and-answer session after management's remarks. To ask a question, press star one one on your touchstone keypad. I will now turn the call over to Jackie Richert, Senior Vice President of Corporate Planning, Investor Relations, and Treasurer. Ms. Richert? Good morning and welcome to CenterPoint's First Quarter 2025 Earnings Conference Call. Jason Wells, our CEO, and Chris Foster, our CFO, will discuss the company's first quarter results. Management will discuss certain topics that contain projections and other forward-looking information and statements that are currently based on management's beliefs, assumptions, and information currently available to management. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ materially based on various factors, as noted within our Form 10-Q and other SEC filings, as well as our earnings materials. We undertake no obligation to revise or update publicly any forward-looking statements. We reported $0.45 of earnings per share for the first quarter of 2025 on a GAAP basis. Management will be discussing certain non-GAAP measures on today's call. When providing guidance, we use the non-GAAP EPS measure of Diluted Adjusted Earnings per Share on a consolidated basis referred to as non-GAAP EPS. For information on guidance methodology and reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures used in providing guidance, please refer to our earnings news release and presentation on our website. We use our website to announce material information. This call is being recorded. Information on how to access the replay can be found on our website. Now, I'd like to turn the call over to Jason. Thank you, Jackie, and good morning, everyone. On today's call, I'd like to address four key areas of focus. First, I'll touch on our first quarter financial results. Second, I will discuss the improvements we have made in advance of the upcoming hurricane season in support of our goal to build and operate the most resilient coastal grid in the country. Third, I'll provide a brief update on our regulatory progress through the first quarter and touch on a few recent filings at Houston Electric. Lastly, I'll provide an update on the continued significant and diversified load growth in our Houston Electric service territory, which is driving an increase of $1 billion to our Capital Investment Plan through 2030. Now, starting with our first quarter results, this morning we announced non-GAAP EPS of $0.53 for the first quarter. As a quick reminder, and as Chris will cover in more detail, I want to emphasize that our incremental revenue from capital recovery mechanisms will be more weighted to the second half of the year as we were unable to access those mechanisms consistent with our historical schedules last year given our rate case activity. We anticipated this profile when we initiated our guidance, and we are reaffirming our 2025 non-GAAP EPS guidance range of $1.74-$1.76, which equates to 8% growth at the midpoint from our delivered 2024 non-GAAP EPS of $1.62. Over the long term, we continue to expect to grow non-GAAP EPS at the mid to high end of our 6%-8% range annually through 2030. We also expect to grow dividend per share in line with earnings growth over the same period of time. I would like to now discuss the improvements we have made in advance of the upcoming hurricane season. As many of you recall, immediately after Hurricane Beryl, we introduced our Greater Houston Resiliency Initiative to significantly accelerate resiliency investments to reduce the number of outages during extreme weather events, as well as to help restore service more quickly when those outages occur. I'm proud of the progress our crews have made. By June 1st, we will double the number of grid automation devices on our system. We'll replace 26,000 poles designed to withstand extreme winds and trim or remove over 6,000 miles of high-risk vegetation since we launched this initiative last August. It is important to note that much of this work is being performed in parallel with our base workload plan. In fact, taken all together, we will have completed what amounts to an extra one and a half years of work on top of our base work plan in the last nine months. I want to thank the team here at CenterPoint for acting with urgency to improve customer outcomes as we head into the 2025 hurricane season. We remain committed to working towards our goal of being the most resilient coastal grid in the country. Now, turning to my third key area of focus, a brief overview of our regulatory progress, including some recent filings at Houston Electric. Before I touch on any specific regulatory filing, I want to put into perspective what our teams have accomplished over the last 18 months. Last year, five of our now seven service territories were subject to a rate case proceeding that represented nearly 90% of our enterprise rate base. As of today, we have received final orders in three and are now awaiting another for our Minnesota gas business, where we've already reached an all-party settlement. After the conclusion of the last rate case for our Ohio gas business, we expect that over 80% of our enterprise rate base will not be subject to a general rate case proceeding for about another four years. This significantly de-risked regulatory profile provides a solid foundation for our financial plan through the remainder of the decade. I now want to briefly touch on a few filings in our Houston Electric service territory. Chris will provide updates on filings in our other jurisdictions in his section. I'll start with our most recent filing related to our temporary generation units. Last week, we made a filing to remove the unamortized rate base of our large temporary generation units. As a result, average residential customers will see a reduction in their electric delivery charges, which over time will equate to a monthly savings of up to $2. This plan was publicly supported by several key stakeholders at a recent legislative hearing. Second, I want to provide an update on our system resiliency plan filing. As you may recall, we refiled our system resiliency plan at the end of January. The contents of that filing were informed broadly by our extensive stakeholder engagement after Hurricane Beryl. We heard loud and clear that our stakeholders wanted a more resilient grid delivered at an accelerated pace. We believe the investments included in our updated filing are responsive to that feedback, as well as the feedback we've received from interveners from our initial filing. We look forward to further discussing the merits of our plan during a mutually- agreed- to mediation, which is scheduled for next week. Absent a settlement in this docket, the PUCT has a statutory deadline of mid-September to issue its final order. Lastly, I want to touch upon our upcoming cost determination filing related to the storm cost recovery for Hurricane Beryl and other storms. Within the next two weeks, we anticipate making our cost determination filing to seek recovery of the $1.1 billion of cost incurred to restore over 2 million outages as a result of Hurricane Beryl. In addition, this filing will also include approximately $100 million of restoration costs related to two subsequent storms. Approximately 90% of the Hurricane Beryl-related costs are related to 2,000 CenterPoint frontline personnel and nearly 13,000 mutual aid workers who traveled from approximately 30 states over a nine-day period. Notably, their work led to restoration times that were in line or better than other Texas peers, as well as peers outside of Texas that experienced similarly damaging storms. The securitization mechanism for Texas utilities continues to be an important and constructive storm cost recovery tool for both customers and utilities. It mitigates the customer bill impact of system damage from severe weather while also providing liquidity to utilities to continue to efficiently fund capital investments for the benefit of customers. We look forward to working with stakeholders towards a constructive resolution of this upcoming filing. As I mentioned, Chris will cover the details of our other regulatory filings in his section. Finally, I want to discuss the recent load growth trends in our Houston Electric service territory and provide some additional color on the $1 billion increase to our Capital Investment Plan through 2030. As you may recall, on our last quarter call, we outlined what we believe to be a conservative forecast of a 10 GW increase by 2031 in peak load on our Houston Electric system. We continue to see positive trends that only bolster our confidence in this forecasted load growth figure. Notably, since we submitted our forecast to ERCOT at the end of January, our load interconnection queue has grown by another 7 GWs through 2031. This represents a nearly 20% increase in load interconnection requests in a little more than two months. This significant increase is driven by a diverse set of load growth factors, including industrial customer demand, data centers, and transportation electrification projects. At this time, we are not increasing our forecast of a peak load increase of 10 GWs by 2031, which, as a reminder, represents about a 50% increase in peak demand on our system over the next six years. However, these new data points provide us even stronger conviction in our submitted forecasts. This tremendous growth potential will undoubtedly require additional capital investment in the electric transmission system, which, as we alluded to in the fourth quarter call, we believe to be at least an incremental $3 billion of capital investment by the end of the decade, with likely more thereafter. While the total forecasted capital investment and exact timing are still being refined and will be influenced by the PUCT recommendation on the high-voltage standard, we plan to incorporate the increased capital investment in our guidance over the course of this year, starting with today's increase of $1 billion. This initial $1 billion increase in our capital investment guidance, which now takes our total investment plan to $48.5 billion through 2030, reflects nearly a dozen transmission projects we will be submitting to ERCOT's regional planning group in the coming weeks. We will continue working with stakeholders on the final transmission voltage standard and anticipating providing additional updates to our capital investment guidance over the next two quarters. In addition to these electric transmission investment opportunities, we continue to see a robust set of incremental capital investment opportunities in our Houston Electric service territory, as well as other jurisdictions. In Houston Electric, we see the potential capital investment opportunities as we partner with the City of Houston on its downtown revitalization program, which will require substantial investment to support both growth and modernization of our underground electric system and our downtown substations. We will also evaluate additional resiliency investments towards the latter part of the decade as we continue to aim to be the most resilient coastal grid in the United States. We also have a number of incremental capital investment opportunities outside of our Houston Electric business. One example relates to our Texas Gas business, which relies on third parties to move our owned gas throughout the Greater Houston region. We believe there's an investment opportunity to build a localized high-pressure distribution network around the City of Houston, similar to what we've constructed in our Minnesota Gas service territory, that could result in significant savings for our customers. Investments related to this project will likely begin next year and extend well into the next decade. We are excited to share more about all of these capital investment opportunities in the third quarter of this year when we plan to provide a new comprehensive 10-year plan. These examples of capital investment opportunities across our business further strengthen our conviction that we have one of the most tangible long-term growth plans in the industry. We believe that the growth in Houston Electric service territory, in combination with the capital investment opportunities in our other businesses, will continue to drive growth for years to come. Equally important, this growth will also provide a sustainable platform for our customers, whose charges will continue to benefit from the ever-growing population and economic activity. We are privileged to serve all of the communities across our four-state footprint, and we continue to focus on executing for the benefits of our customers and all of our stakeholders. With that, I'll hand it over to Chris. Thanks, Jason. This morning, I will plan to cover four areas of focus. First, the details of our first quarter results and how we're thinking about the remainder of the year. Second, I'll touch on the regulatory progress we've made across the various states that we have the privilege to serve. Third, I'll discuss our progress on the execution of the 2025 Capital Investment Plan and our positively revised Capital Investment Plan through 2030. Finally, I'll provide an update on where we ended the first quarter with respect to the balance sheet and credit metrics. Let's now move to the financial results shown on slide six. On a GAAP EPS basis, we reported $0.45 for the first quarter of 2025. On a non-GAAP basis, we reported $0.53 for the first quarter of 2025, compared to $0.55 in the first quarter of 2024. Our non-GAAP EPS results for the first quarter removed the book loss resulting from the sale of Louisiana and Mississippi gas LDCs. As part of the sale, $217 million of goodwill was disposed. This was the reason for the book loss associated with the transaction. Now, taking a closer look at the quarter, growth in rate recovery contributed $0.03 when compared to the same quarter last year. I want to take a moment to discuss why this figure is lower than what you've seen in our previous first quarter earnings walks. As a reminder, during 2024, we were prosecuting five separate rate cases. Due to this, we were unable to recover our capital investments on our normal filing rhythm of traditional interim recovery mechanisms. In some cases, such as the distribution and transmission capital trackers at Houston Electric, these filings were delayed several months from when they were traditionally filed. In other instances, such as the GRIP filing at Texas Gas, we were unable to file for recovery of capital investments for over a year. The filings we made during the first quarter represent a catch-up of capital investment recovery and represent nearly $2.2 billion of capital investments made in 2024 and nearly $260 million of associated revenue requirement increases. Over the next few months, rates will be updated and the associated earnings will begin to materialize. As such, you should expect a lower earnings profile in the first half of 2025, primarily due to these timing differences. Slide seven depicts our expectation for the earnings shape for the remainder of the year. As you can see, we expect a more back-weighted earnings profile than typical in our non-post-rate case year. As Jason mentioned, this shape was known at the time we initiated guidance, and we are confident in our ability to execute through the remainder of the year. Coming back to the quarter, weather and usage was a favorable $0.05 when compared to the comparable quarter of 2024, as Texas and Indiana both had more seasonably normal weather as compared to the milder weather of Q1 2024. O&M was $0.02 unfavorable when compared to the first quarter of 2024. This was primarily driven by the timing of work as we sought to accelerate our vegetation management work ahead of the official start of the 2025 hurricane season. In addition, interest expense and financing costs were $0.04 unfavorable when compared to the first quarter in 2024. These $0.04 were primarily driven by the approximately $3.4 billion of net new debt issuances since the first quarter of last year, some of which were slightly higher coupon junior subordinated notes, given our focus on the balance sheet and emphasis on credit-supportive instruments. Lastly, as you may recall, last year we issued $500 million of common equity. $250 million of these issuances were a pull forward from 2025 as we sought to strengthen our balance sheet after storm restorations. These equity issuances resulted in an unfavorable variance of $0.02 quarter over quarter. Next, I'll briefly touch on our regulatory progress related to the interim capital recovery trackers we filed during the quarter, starting with Houston Electric. As I mentioned in my earlier remarks, we had a number of interim filings that we filed outside of our normal cadence. The distribution capital recovery tracker, or DCRF, was one such filing. We filed the first of our two allowed for the year at the end of February with a requested revenue requirement increase of approximately $123 million. This filing incorporates capital investments made between January and December of last year and was updated for revenues otherwise recovered in our Houston Electric case. We expect that customer delivery charges will be updated later in June. In addition to the d istribution capital tracker filing, we also filed for the first of our two allowed transmission recovery tracker filings, or TCOS. This filing included a revenue requirement increase of approximately $64 million, which was recently approved with rates anticipated to be updated in the coming weeks. Moving now to Texas Gas. In mid-February, we filed our annual capital investment recovery mechanism, or GRIP, which included a revenue requirement increase of approximately $71 million. I'd like to highlight that this is another one of the interim recovery mechanisms that we were unable to file last year as we prosecuted the Texas Gas rate case. The $71 million revenue request is larger than previous GRIP filings as it incorporates 15 months of capital investments for which we are seeking recovery rather than the traditional 12 months. We anticipate customer gas delivery charges will be updated to reflect the new revenue requirement associated with this filing by early June. Next, I'll touch on our Capital Investment Plan execution through the first quarter and our positively revised capital plan through 2030, as shown here on slide eight. In the first quarter of 2025, we invested $1.3 billion of base work for the benefit of our customers and communities. In short, we are right on track to meet our 2025 capital investment target of $4.8 billion. Looking further ahead, and as Jason mentioned, today we are increasing our Capital Investment Plan that runs through 2030 by $1 billion from $47.5 billion to now $48.5 billion. We intend to finance these incremental investments in line with our previously communicated rule-of-thumb of 50% equity and 50% debt. To be clear, however, we are not updating this year's equity plans as we still do not intend to issue common equity. That's because we pulled forward our 2025 equity base plan needs last year. Today's capital investment increase is one of our first steps in a planned effort to sustainably increase our Capital Investment Plan to support the rapid and significant growth the Greater Houston area continues to experience. Over the next two quarters, you should expect incremental updates regarding CapEx and associated financing. Later in Q3 of this year, we will be in a position to aggregate all of these updates as well as provide others to you to give you all a comprehensive update and a new 10-year plan. Finally, I want to touch on how we're thinking about the balance sheet and where we ended the quarter with respect to our credit metrics. As of the end of the quarter, our trailing 12 months adjusted FFO to debt ratio based on the Moody's rating methodology was 13.9% when removing transitory storm-related costs. This quarter, we made progress towards getting back to our target cushion range of 100 to 150 basis points with the closing of our Louisiana and Mississippi LDCs, which resulted in net cash proceeds of a little over $1 billion. We also expect an additional $400 million of securitization proceeds related to the May 2024 Derecho storm event later this summer. In addition, as Jason discussed, we plan to file for the cost determination for the roughly $1.1 billion of storm costs related to Hurricane Beryl and $100 million related to other storms within the next two weeks. We anticipate receiving securitization bond proceeds around the end of this year. During the quarter, we also took advantage of the recent stock performance and proactively worked to de-risk 2026's financing plan. In particular, we executed equity forward sales through our ATM program of approximately $145 million. With respect to 2025 common equity needs, there is no change as we do not anticipate the need for common equity through the remainder of the year to fund our current plan. However, we'll continue to be opportunistic in addressing 2026 equity needs. We will continue to stay laser-focused in supporting the balance sheet while also investing for the benefit of our customers and communities. We are off to a solid start in 2025, and we are right on plan to deliver our full year results. We are reaffirming our 2025 non-GAAP EPS guidance range of $1.74-$1.76, which equates to 8% growth at the midpoint from our delivered 2024 non-GAAP EPS of $1.62. Over the long term, we continue to expect to grow non-GAAP EPS at the mid to high end of the 6-8% range annually through 2030. We look forward to the remainder of 2025 and executing for the benefit of all stakeholders. With that, I'll now turn the call back over to Jason. Thank you, Chris. We are excited about the opportunities in front of us through the end of the decade and beyond, and we look forward to sharing an updated 10-year plan in the third quarter of this year. Thank you, Jason. With that, we'll now turn it over to Q&A. Operator? At this time, we will begin taking questions. If you wish to ask a question, please press star one one on your touch-tone keypad. The company requests that when asking a question, callers pick up their telephone handsets. Thank you. Our first question is from Shar Pariza with Guggenheim Partners. Hi, good morning, team. It's actually Constantine here for Shar. Thanks for taking questions. Starting off on the CapEx update, as you were including the $1 billion of upside today, how should we be thinking about the cadence of updates as we get to the 3Q roll forward? Do you anticipate more incremental updates in the 2030 plan, or is there a more comprehensive 3Q update? How does the higher run rate imply for the upside when we roll forward the plan? Yeah, good morning, Constantine. It's Jason here. Maybe two key points, and then I'll expand. First, we do see significant CapEx tailwinds across our business, in particular in Houston Electric, but also, as I alluded to, in our Texas Gas business as well. Second, and to your point on timing, we have a history of updating kind of our CapEx guidance as we get incremental data points, and we're going to continue to use that approach. This quarter, we've updated the CapEx guidance for the billion dollars, really reflecting the nearly dozen projects that we'll be filing with the ERCOT Regional Planning Group. We have additional projects that we will file later this summer. There will be a time, whether it's a second quarter call or third quarter call, we will have even incremental updates with respect to electric transmission. We will also provide, as we've discussed, a much more comprehensive update in the third quarter, really rolling forward that 10-year plan. Last time we initiated a 10-year plan, we initiated it at $40 billion, and today it's at $48.5 billion. The CapEx tailwinds remain significant, and I'd expect us just to be in a periodic rhythm of updating as we get additional regulatory data points. Great. Thanks for that. We've seen some regulatory lag issues with tiers in Texas due to the growth and the inflection in CapEx. As you're adding the CapEx and rolling forward, do you see any rate constructs being adequate to limit the ROE issues, given you just came out of the rate case, or would you look for any improvements in construct on a go-forward basis? L et me be clear. I don't see any challenge with regulatory lag to achieve the guidance that we've initiated. I think our track record helps prove that. When we initiated our original 10-year plan, we doubled CapEx at Houston Electric. We've since doubled it again, and we've also nearly doubled it yet again. Over that period of time, we've increased our earned returns. I do not see this profile of incremental CapEx providing challenges from a regulatory lag standpoint in terms of achieving our guidance. That being said, just because we have a historical test year, we have some regulatory lag in our business that we will constantly look at regulatory and legislative solutions to help chip away at. We think it is in our customers' best interest to fund incremental CapEx from the ongoing cash that we generate in the business. There will be a continued focus on reducing regulatory lag for the benefit of our customers and our investors. I just want to be 100% clear. We do not see a challenge with regulatory lag for achieving the guidance that we have outlined. Excellent. Appreciate that. Congratulations. Our next question comes from Nick Campanella with Barclays. Good morning. Thanks for taking the question. Good morning, Nick. Good to see the momentum on the capital expenditures. Can you maybe just kind of talk about where your head is at on financing these new opportunities and just recognize that you kind of trade at a more healthy multiple? Is equity kind of your preferred route here? Should we be looking towards asset sales? What is kind of the pecking order? If you are looking at asset sales, maybe kind of talk about what is core versus not. Thanks. Sure. Good morning, Nick. I think it is a few key factors to think about. Let me first just remind you that even with the CapEx momentum, we were clear this morning that there is no incremental 2025 equity need. That is kind of the place to start. Given where we are trading, we have also been really focused on being proactive there. You also saw us move forward with the forward equity approach to de-risk a portion of 2026. Beyond that, as we look into the electric transmission opportunities that Jason referenced, those will be probably more back-weighted going forward. As a result, we'll consistently look and have always in recent years looked at the way to most efficiently finance that work going forward. We've previously provided the growth-related CapEx rule-of-thumb of 50% debt and 50% equity to fund as we go forward. At the same time, just given where we are, I'll say kind of macroeconomically, there's certainly been increased interest in, in particular, gas LDCs just kind of broadly in the country. I think as a result, that's increased inbound for us as well. You can imagine we're going to consistently be open to the most efficient way to finance our work. Finally, I think the other thing to keep in mind is now that we're working our way through really completing a lot of these rate cases, as you look at the net benefits, there's both the earnings-related tailwinds that Jason's referenced before, but it is also the case that we've been able to improve our operating cash flow profile. We're seeing really when you isolate just all those benefits of completing those cases that really credit to the team to getting us to this point, we probably are looking on the order of a roughly 5% operating cash flow improvement. Hopefully that gives you the color for kind of how we're thinking about the plan going forward. That's super helpful. As we kind of look towards the third quarter when we get the kind of full plan, you've been doing this 6%-8% long-term earnings growth outlook. You've been doing closer to 8% plus. What's your kind of philosophy and how that's changing? Can you just give us an idea if you are reassessing the CAGR as we get into the third quarter and where that can go? Thanks. Thanks for the question. Obviously, we want to keep you interested in wanting to attend as we update the plan later this year. We've got an incredible foundation for our continued earnings trajectory. With the CapEx guidance that we've announced today, it's a 10% plus rate-based CAGR through the end of the decade. That's an incredible foundation. This is capital spend that our customers are asking for. Capital spend that's driven by hardening our system, improving the resiliency, capital spend that's associated with the incredible growth of the economy here. Growing rate-based north of 10% through the decade is a really strong foundation for our earnings guidance. I'd say philosophically, the other thing to think about is we have a track record of delivering at or above the range that we have guided to. I think the most important thing is the absolute confidence in achieving the guidance we've put out there and to the extent that we can over-delivering for all of our stakeholders. We'll continue to keep that philosophy in mind, as I said, a strong base, but certainly more to come as we roll out the new plan later this year. All right. Thanks a lot. Our next question is from Durgesh Chopra with Evercore ISI. Good morning, team. Solid quarter here. Congrats on that. J ust wanted to start off with, Chris, can you help us reconcile the CapEx? Is a billion dollars higher? The equity just increased modestly, $100 million or so there? It's not your 50% equity with the CapEx increase. What's driving that? Why is it such a modest equity increase versus a large capital increase? Sure thing. Good morning, Durgesh. I think what you're referencing is potentially what we had done in the last quarter is we had increased CapEx at that time, roughly $500 million, and associated with that, there actually was a $250 million equity increase to the plan. Going forward, you should think about it as the same approach, 50% debt, 50% equity as we go. I think it's important to also realize the timing. Sizing and timing. Timing, again, is largely driven by both the fact that we're in the early planning stages of the electric transmission projects reference, but also that we're going to be stepping into over time the system resiliency plan work, which really just starts to pick up in 2026 and then more heavily gets work resourced and will need more CapEx in 2027 and 2028. That's helpful, Chris. Maybe I wasn't clear. I was just kind of comparing Q4 versus this CapEx update of $1 billion, and then the equity and equity-linked securities went up from $265 million to $275 million. Maybe I'm not thinking about this the right way. I would have thought the equity increase would be much larger than just $100 million. No, I understand. We can follow up with you, Durgesh, on the explicit materials. It was a $500 million increase and an associated $250 million in equity as well. All right. We'll follow up. Just on the $3 billion in additional capital opportunities, I just want to be clear that's on top of the $1 billion today. That's one part of the question. Second, is that $3 billion all tied to the 765 kV, i.e., there's additional opportunities on top of that $3 billion? Good morning, Durgesh. It's Jason here. T here's at least $3 billion of CapEx upside. I'd say that $2 billion of that relates to what I would consider to be almost regular way electric transmission spend to continue to harden the system and support growth. I think about $1 billion relates to sort of the gas transmission opportunity that I discussed. I wouldn't necessarily say those figures or amounts are impacted by the 765 kV standard. The electric transmission amounts could be significantly more than that to the extent that the state adopts that 765 kV standard. Again, maybe the way I'd look at it is that there's probably at least $3 billion of incremental CapEx upside beyond the $1 billion that we folded in today. It could be substantially more than that through the remainder of the decade. Got it. Very clear. Thank you, guys. Our next question is from Steve Fleishman with Wolfe Research. Hi. My first question was mainly related to what I think you just answered on the seems like we're going to get this 765 kV decision pretty soon. Just maybe you could just frame the options. Is it just 765 or lower and just scenarios for your capital plan, if anything incremental than what you just said? Thanks, Steve. Good morning. We could get the policy standard on the voltage levels as early as today at the PUCT meeting. I think the state has expressed a desire to move to more of a 765 kV standard, but hopefully we'll get further clarity today. I think that policy will be important for us. We have a couple of our substations that would be impacted by that 765 kV buildout. One of those pathways would connect the northern part of our system to the southern part of our system, effectively cutting right through the Greater Houston area. That would be pretty complicated construction and would significantly increase the cost. That is why there's a pretty wide range of the potential cost for the electric transmission buildout. Again, we folded in a billion today. I think it's at least $2 billion, and it could be substantially more than that if we move to that 765 kV standard and build to that standard connecting the northern part of our region to the southern part of our region. Outside of that, there are other projects as we continue to see significant renewable growth on the system and making sure that we have kind of a stable grid is important. We are looking at high-voltage DC line, which could help provide voltage support on the system as well as maybe more efficiently move those electrons around the Greater Houston territory. That would also create an upward bias on the CapEx guidance. I think there's really, at the end of the day, a significant amount of CapEx upside related to electric transmission. The final point I'll make is we've been talking about the incremental upside through the remainder of the decade. As I alluded to in the call, we're not seeing growth slow down in the Greater Houston region. If anything, it's accelerating. I think the electric transmission buildout will only accelerate as we get into the next decade. Today, we're able to move fairly quickly with these interconnection requests because we have a little bit of incremental capacity on our electric system. As we continue to connect all this new load, we are utilizing existing capacity, and it's going to require incremental CapEx to build out that transmission capacity well into the next decade. Think about this as there's plenty of CapEx upside, whether it's the 765 kV standard, high-voltage DC lines, different paths through the remainder of the decade. As we get into the 2030s, electric transmission will continue to be a significant tailwind for the company. Great. Thanks. One other question. I know your growth is pretty diversified, but in the last few calls, you've given some data center backlog numbers. Do you have any updated data center backlog numbers? You heard a 7 GWt increase in our interconnection queue that I mentioned. On the fourth quarter call, a little over two months ago, we said that we had a 40 GW interconnection queue. Now it's 47 GWs. Six of that is related to incremental data center demand. Our data center queue is now roughly 20 GWs. I think one of the important drivers, Steve, to the diversified point of the economy that you've mentioned is we're starting to grow a larger ecosystem here in the Greater Houston area. We've had some really high-profile, high-tech manufacturing announcements with Foxconn, Apple, NVIDIA, all looking at rapidly expanding their production of their server racks, everything but effectively the chips. I think that that significant investment in that kind of data center ecosystem is also continuing to attract data center demand. It has really been an explosive level of growth for us, really starting back to last summer. Great. Thank you. Our next question comes from Julien Dumoulin-Smith of Jefferies. Good morning, team. Thank you guys very much. Nicely done yet again. Maybe just to get ahead a little bit of our third quarter conversation here. When you think about the $3 billion in additional opportunities, can you just clarify a little bit of the various pieces? I know you said, for instance, it was a billion dollars of gas transmission. Then in the comments, you talked about this high-pressure distribution network that seemingly could be—I think you insinuated maybe a little bit more than that as you try to replicate what you've done in Minnesota. Can you elaborate a little bit on what the various pieces would be to the plus side on the three in terms of whether that's the 765 and distribution? Also clarify a little bit. I know we've got a five-year plan and now increasingly focused on a 10-year plan. Can you clarify what would be in the five versus 10? It seems as if a lot of these items may be very well backend-weighted, not just within the five-year, but even backend-weighted within the 10 versus the five-year plan. Good morning, Julian. There's a lot to unpack there. I'll take a stab at it. In terms of the $3 billion of upside, let me kind of help walk that. On the fourth quarter call in Q&A, I talked about that we saw at least $3 billion of incremental electric transmission CapEx upside opportunity. This quarter, we have folded into our CapEx guidance to the remainder of the decade $1 billion of that $3 billion. There's $2 billion of, at a minimum, CapEx upside related to electric transmission. As I've mentioned in some of the other questions that we've received, it's at least $2 billion of incremental CapEx upside through the remainder of the decade, and it could be significantly more than that related or driven by the voltage standard policy decision here in the state of Texas, among other things. Again, at least $2 billion more incremental CapEx upside related to electric transmission. I've also alluded to at least $1 billion, and I'll use this term loosely, but we've said gas transmission. It could be a high-pressure distribution network. It's effectively a ring around the Greater Houston region so that we can move our gas efficiently, gas that we already own for our customers from one side of our system to the other. We think that that will lower customer rates by reducing incremental transmission costs to move gas that's already owned. In some cases, that may be transmission pipe. In some cases, that may be high-pressure distribution. At the end of the day, think about this as a large ring around the greater Houston region, similar to what we did in Minnesota, that will allow us to move gas that we already own. I think that that's right now about $1 billion, and some of that will creep into the early 2030s. Outside of those two opportunities, I'll highlight a couple of other CapEx drivers to get to your point. I think that there is CapEx upside, particularly as we look at 2029 and 2030 related to system resiliency. If you recall, we were the first in the state to file under the new system resiliency plan standard last April. We pulled that filing down after Hurricane Beryl, and we refiled a plan that reflected a higher level of spend to more quickly harden our system from the 2026 to 2028 time period. What we have not done is updated our plan to harden our system in 2029 and 2030 and beyond, consistent with this goal of building and operating the most resilient coastal grid in the country. I think that there is incremental CapEx on the back part of this decade and extending into the next related to system hardening. I think up in Indiana, we continue to see electric transmission upside potential associated with some of the MISO transmission projects that were announced last year. We continue to see data center activity occurring up in Indiana from a development standpoint that may provide incremental generation and transmission investment opportunity up there. Outside of those, we continue to see significant growth in the Texas market. That results in higher generation interconnection requests, continued growth in terms of connecting new residential developments. The short of it is there are significant CapEx drivers, upside opportunities relative to the plan we've outlined. I have been trying most of this time to provide a sense of when we're talking about at least $3 billion of CapEx upside, that's through the remainder of this decade. We also then want to highlight the fact that we see some of these drivers extending well into the next, and we will provide more—we will obviously quantify what those long-term tailwinds will be as we roll forward the next 10-year plan. Our next question is from Jeremy Tonet with JPMorgan Securities. Hi. Good morning. Good morning. Sounds like a lot of good stuff ahead of you here, but just want to come to a couple of questions that we're receiving more today, I guess, tariff concerns and recession risk. It seems like Texas is in a very good position regarding economic activity, but just wondering if you could give us your thoughts across your footprint if we do go into recession, how you think about that, and any other color on tariff impacts in general would be helpful. Thanks. Thanks for the question, Jeremy. Obviously, it's an incredibly dynamic environment changing by the day. I'll keep my comments more directional at this point. What I would say is from a tariff cost exposure standpoint, I think we are, on a relative basis, very low risk. We source most of our material and equipment domestically. The little bit that we source internationally, we have already begun to take steps to convert that to domestic supply. From a cost, from a tariff cost standpoint, I do not see that incremental cost pressure as significant across our portfolio. From a recession standpoint, I'll start with the Greater Houston region. It has really, over the last three decades, really diversified the economy here. Even though we're known for the oil and gas capital of the world, energy now represents only about a third of the economy. When we look back over the last two decades, because of the diversification, the economy has held up well under different recessionary pressure over the last two decades. If anything, I see potential tailwinds from the tariff activity. As I alluded to in our prepared remarks in Q&A, we have seen an increase in interconnection requests. Some of that is driven by firms interested in onshoring manufacturing capacity. I think some of that is some of the notable announcements that I also referenced, whether it's NVIDIA and Foxconn and Apple all talking about centralizing some of their high-tech manufacturing here in the Greater Houston region. We may see it as a tailwind here. I would say as we look around our portfolio, I also think that we're also relatively well situated from potential recessionary concerns. The focus on reshoring manufacturing capacity bodes well for our Indiana electric business. There continues to be very supportive growth on the gas side in and around our entire Indiana gas footprint. We haven't seen any evidence of slowdown in Minnesota. The net of it is I think we're well insulated from cost pressure just given our domestic supply. I see the recessionary pressures as really lower risk. I think maybe, Jeremy, one other thing I'll add just to keep in mind because I think a lot of folks are now talking about should there be the potential for a recessionary period, what does federal policy look like in reaction, specifically as it relates to tax policy. I think there we're also well positioned. That's really for a couple of reasons. First, as you know, we're primarily a wires company, so we don't really have the generation-related risk that can go with that. Two, from a transferability standpoint, we really do have minimal exposure on that front because we are a cash taxpayer today. We have a practically immaterial amount of potential impact there. That's really in the next few years, not just in front of us right now. I just want to be clear, we're really well positioned on that front as well. Got it. That's helpful. Thank you. Our next question is from David Arcaro with Morgan Stanley. Thanks. Good morning. Good morning, David. Let's see. Digging in maybe just a little bit into the load growth outlook, there's been some skepticism that we've heard around just how much load will actually crystallize in Texas. I mean, the numbers are huge. I was just wondering if you could give some color maybe around what gives you confidence in the load growth forecast, maybe any breakdown you might be able to share on what's under construction in terms of GWs or what's planned in the near term next few years, just any further color on that to increase confidence there. David, I appreciate the question. As we try to initiate sort of this updated view of load growth on the fourth quarter call, we wanted to emphasize we took what we thought was a very conservative approach. At that time, we outlined a 40 GW interconnection request. As you mentioned, there is a question about how much of that will materialize. We took a point of view that we think at least 10 GWs of that will materialize by 2031 or 25%. Since that call, our load interconnection request is now up to 47 GWs, and we haven't moved that 10. I think it's a pretty conservative approach. When you look at that on the broader sort of ERCOT basis, I think ERCOT applied a haircut of about a third to the total submissions, which represented about a 50% increase in peak demand. We took, at the time, a 75% haircut and still had a 50% increase in peak demand as a forecast at that time. I think, well, we're starting from a conservative standpoint. Let me just sort of break down a couple of these categories just to show how conservative they were. At the time, we had about a GW and a half of data center demand in the 10 GWs or about 11 in the 40. Of the GW and a half that we had incorporated at that time, we're already working on connecting about a GW. You can tell that that is relatively a conservative assumption around that. We talked about the fact that hydrogen was another driver for us. That was two of the 10 GWs we assumed, and customers were already breaking ground on projects for about a GW and a half of that. That was the profile that we have used to be very conservative around these requests. We're tracking everything. Our teams are working hard to deliver the growth across the full set of interconnection requests. At this time, we think that that 10 GW or nearly 50% increase in peak demand by 2031 is a conservative and realistic assumption. Got it. Thanks. T hat's helpful context. The numbers, even when you haircut them so much, they still are very large. T hat's helpful just for some additional color there. One other just quick follow-up on the transmission outlook and the 765 consideration. I guess we'll get a viewpoint on whether 765 might be the way the state goes today. Is that going to be directly applicable to you in terms of potentially weaving it in and updating that, the $2 billion CapEx number? Could there still be an evaluation in the future for the state to consider, "Do we really want to apply 765 across the state? Could it be a blend of 345 and 765 at the end of the day?" David, I think that's the question, and it's why we've been conservative in terms of kind of folding in estimates of what that cost will be. Currently speaking, the 765 network that's been proposed by ERCOT includes our system. That's why we've been alluding to there is potential CapEx upside beyond what we've been discussing to the extent the state wants to move forward with that approach. Now, to your point, they may adopt a 765 kV standard for a portion of the ERCOT market. For all of ERCOT, they may say that each of the utilities needs to bring their own perspective of what makes sense to serve their load and their needs. It is a fairly dynamic situation. Currently, a couple of our substations are included as part of the statewide proposal. The way the transmission bill works here in the state of Texas is wherever the transmission system ends, whoever owns that substation has Right of First Refusal to build. Today, if the policy that has been floated is passed, we would be beginning to work towards that 765 kV standard for a portion of our system. We have been conservative because it may be that may be reduced. They may change their approach. Obviously, more to come. We've just been trying to provide transparency around the range of potential just given how significant the incremental CapEx is. Absolutely. That all makes sense. Great. Thanks so much. Operator, given we're at the bottom of the hour now, if you don't mind, we have time for just one more quick question. Thank you. Our last question is from Andrew Weisel with Scotiabank. Good morning, everyone. Just a quick one to elaborate on the load forecast. A lot of detail there. I'll make it quick. You said the interconnection queue has grown by 7 GWs. Can you get more detailed in terms of what types of customers those are? The breakout on slide 12 seems pretty similar to the prior version. Of the 7, it's nearly 6 GWs of that is data center demand. Another gig is roughly half of that is related to manufacturing, and another half a GW of that is related to industrial demand. We are continuing to see a diversified set of load growth drivers. Great. Just very briefly on the FFO to debt. Good progress. You are just a hair under the targeted range. Based on all the cash inflows and commentary on financing the incremental CapEx, it seems like you have a high degree of confidence you will be north of 14% by year-end. Can you give any commentary on conversations you have been having with the agencies and hopefully getting off of the negative watches? Sure thing, Andrew. You are right. We are pleased about the progress we have already made going into this quarter. You should assume Q2, just to look ahead, is going to be relatively light just because of the general profile we have in a given year. Really, the important part will be—and for the rating agencies as well—the desecuritization, both the May storms-related or Derecho event and the Hurricane Beryl-related ones. We are ahead of plan related to—and also have a settlement related to the May storms event. That is absolutely on track. We are very focused on year-end for completing the Hurricane Beryl-related recovery process and approval and effectuating the securitization. Those are the key drivers for really stepping into next year, that comfort that we've got around the consistent cushion of 100 to 150 basis points that we reference. With the rating agencies in particular, obviously, I can't speak for them individually, but I would say I think their focus has been on a few areas. One, just seeing the strength of the regulatory construct in Texas there, I think we've been able to show progress on both our interim capital recovery mechanisms thus far, the Houston Electric rate case, and the May storms event progress as I've referenced. I think in my senses, in order for them to be able to move off of the negative outlook, it will require some progress here on the Hurricane Beryl-related recovery request. As we indicated, we will be filing that here shortly. It will have a period of review of roughly five months for the prudency-related review. We do think that will be the key period for insight for the market broadly, including the rating agencies. Great. Thanks so much. Thanks, Andrew. Operator, with that final call or question, that'll conclude our call for the day. Thank you. This concludes CenterPoint Energy's First Quarter 2025 Earnings Conference Call. Thank you for your participation.