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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington , D.C. 20549 FORM 10 - K ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 ( d ) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31 , 2020 OR TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 ( d ) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from to Commission file number : 001-31326 ELOXX PHARMACEUTICALS , INC . Delaware ( Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter ) ( State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization ) 84-1368850 ( I.R.S. Employer Identification No. ) ☑ ☐ Title of each class Common Stock , $ 0.01 par value 950 Winter Street Waltham , Massachusetts 02451 ( Address of Principal Executive Offices and Zip Code ) ( 781 ) 577-5300 ( Registrant's Telephone Number , Including Area Code ) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12 ( b ) of the Act : Trading Symbol ( s ) ELOX Securities registered pursuant to Section 12 ( g ) of the Act : None Name of each exchange on which registered NASDAQ Global Market Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is a well - known seasoned issuer , as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act . Yes ☐ No ☑ Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15 ( d ) of the Act . Yes No ☑ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant : ( 1 ) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 ( d ) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months ( or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports ) , and ( 2 ) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days . Yes No ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S - T ( §232.405 of this chapter ) during the preceding 12 months ( or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files ) . Yes No □ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer , an accelerated filer , a non - accelerated filer , a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company . See definitions of " accelerated filer " , " large accelerated filer " , " smaller reporting company " or " emerging growth company " in Rule 12b - 2 of the Exchange Act . Large accelerated filer Non - accelerated filer ☐ ☑ Accelerated filer ☐ Smaller reporting company Emerging growth company If an emerging growth company , indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13 ( a ) of the Exchange Act . Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management's assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404 ( b ) of the Sarbanes - Oxley Act ( 15 U.S.C. 7262 ( b ) ) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company ( as defined in Rule 12b - 2 of the Act ) . Yes ☐ No ☑ The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non - affiliates of the registrant on June 30 , 2020 , the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second quarter , was $ 82,832,622 , based on the closing price for such stock as reported on the NASDAQ Capital Market on that date . As of March 8 , 2021 , there were 40,214,867 shares of the Registrant's common stock , par value $ 0.01 per share , outstanding . DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE ☐ Certain information required by Part III , Items 10-14 of this Form 10 - K is incorporated by reference to the Registrant's definitive Proxy Statement for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Form 10 - K , provided that if such Proxy Statement is not filed within such period , such information will be included in an amendment to this Form 10 - K to be filed within such 120 - day period .