Greetings, and welcome to Huntington Bancshares 2023 Fourth Quarter Earnings Review. At this time, all participants are in listen-only mode. A question and answer session will follow the formal presentation. If anyone should require operator assistance during the conference, please press star zero on your telephone keypad. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. I'd now like to turn the conference over to Tim Sedabres, Director of Investor Relations. Please go ahead. Thank you, operator. Welcome, everyone, and good morning. Copies of the slides we'll be reviewing today can be found on the investor relations section of our website, www.huntington.com. As a reminder, this call is being recorded, and a replay will be available starting about one hour from the close of the call. Our presenters today are Steve Steinour, Chairman, President, and CEO, and Zach Wasserman, Chief Financial Officer. Brendan Lawlor, Chief Credit Officer, will join us for the Q&A. Earnings documents, which include our forward-looking statements, disclaimer, and non-GAAP information, are available on the investor relations section of our website. With that, let me now turn it over to Steve. Thanks, Tim. Good morning, everyone, and welcome. Thank you for joining the call today. We're pleased to announce our fourth quarter results, which Zach will detail later. These results are again supported by our colleagues across the bank, who live our purpose every day as we make people's lives better, help businesses thrive, and strengthen the communities we serve. Now on to slide four. There are five key messages we want to leave you with today. First, we are leveraging our position of strength and executing on our strategic growth initiatives. We are well positioned to benefit during times like these. We managed our capital levels to enable us to accelerate initiatives during 2023 and support continued growth. We added key specialty verticals in commercial banking and expanded into the Carolinas. Second, we outperformed on both deposits and loans throughout the year. Our colleagues are acquiring new customers and deepening our existing customer relationships. Importantly, we delivered this growth while effectively managing our deposit beta. Third, we expect to modestly expand net interest income as we manage the challenges of the interest rate cycle and are driving increased fee revenues. Fourth, we are rigorously managing credit across our portfolios, consistent with our aggregate moderate to low risk appetite. Credit trends are normalizing as expected, and we continue to believe we will outperform the industry on credit through the cycle. Finally, we remain intently focused on our core strategies. Huntington remained resilient through the events of 2023, emerging as one of the strongest regional banks. We maintained our disciplined execution, and we expect to grow earnings over the course of 2024 and continuing into 2025 and beyond. I will move us on to Slide five to recap our performance in 2023. Huntington delivered solid results over the course of the year against a challenging backdrop. While the banking sector faced headwinds early in the year, Huntington emerged as a secular winner, gaining new customers, adding over $3 billion of deposit growth and further bolstering our capital. We also increased loans by $2.5 billion for the full year, or 2%, while driving capital ratios higher. We expect the pace of loan growth to accelerate in 2024. We added to our revenue base, primarily as net interest income increased by 3.3% for the full year. We maintained our leadership in customer satisfaction and digital capabilities, having again been awarded the number one ranking by J.D. Power for both categories. We remained focused on executing our strategies, including growing consumer primary bank relationships by 3%. Additionally, we completed the realignment of business segments. We also delivered on efficiency initiatives, including Operation Accelerate, the voluntary retirement program, staffing efficiencies, business process offshoring, and branch and other real estate consolidations. We were nimble and opportunistic, adding key talent this past year with the addition of three new specialty commercial banking verticals. We also expanded our commercial and regional bank into the Carolinas, adding experienced teams in these attractive and high-growth markets. Additionally, we further strengthened our balance sheet and drove capital ratios higher over the course of the year. We are getting ahead of proposed industry requirements. And finally, credit was managed exceptionally well, with full-year net charge-offs of 23 basis points. Moving to Slide six. Looking ahead to 2024, we have a clear set of objectives. We will leverage our position of strength to increase growth of both deposits and loans. This outlook will result in accelerated revenue growth and is further bolstered by fee opportunities. This posture, coupled with our dynamic balance sheet management and hedging programs, is expected to benefit the revenue and profitability outlook for 2024 and further expand into 2025 and beyond. This aligns with the improving macro backdrop, the higher probability of continued GDP growth, and the avoidance of a hard landing. While we deliver this accelerated growth, we will continue to maintain our aggregate moderate to low risk appetite. Zach, over to you to provide more detail on our financial performance. Thanks, Steve, and good morning, everyone. Slide seven provides highlights of our fourth quarter results. We reported GAAP earnings per common share of $0.15 and adjusted EPS of $0.27. The quarter included $226 million of notable items, primarily related to the FDIC special assessment, which impacted EPS by $0.12 per common share. ... Additionally, the termination of the pay fixed swaption hedging program impacted pre-tax income by $74 million or $0.04 per share. Return on Tangible Common Equity, or ROTCE, came in at 8.4% for the quarter. Adjusted for notable items, ROTCE was 15.1%. Average deposits continued their trend of growth into the fourth quarter, increasing by $1.5 billion or 1%. Cumulative deposit beta totaled 41% through year-end. Loan balances increased by $445 million as we continue to optimize the pace of loan growth to drive the highest return on capital. Credit quality remains strong. The trend is normalizing, consistent with our expectations, and net charge-offs totaled 31 basis points. Allowance for credit losses ended the quarter at 1.97%. Turning to slide eight. As I noted, average loan balances increased quarter-over-quarter and were higher by 2% year-over-year. We expect the pace of future loan growth to accelerate over the course of 2024. Total commercial loans increased by $125 million for the quarter and included distribution finance, which increased by $225 million, benefited by normal seasonality as manufacturer shipments increased due to inventory build of winter products. Auto floor plan increased by $359 million, and CRE balances, which declined by $361 million, including the impact of payoffs and normal amortization. All other commercial categories net decreased as we continued to drive optimization toward the highest returns. In consumer, growth was led by residential mortgage, which increased by $295 million, and RV Marine, which increased by $121 million, while auto loan balances declined for the quarter. Turning to Slide nine. As noted, we continued to gather deposits consistently in the fourth quarter. Average deposits increased by $1.5 billion or 1% from the prior quarter. Turning to Slide 10. Growth was maintained each month throughout the fourth quarter, continuing the recent trend. Total cumulative deposit beta ended the year at 41%, in line with our expectations, and reflecting the decelerating rate of change we would expect at this point in the rate cycle. As we've noted in the past, where beta ultimately tops out will be a function of the end game for the rate cycle in terms of the level and timing of the peak and the duration of any extended pause before a decrease. Given market expectations for rate cuts to start sometime in 2024, our current outlook for deposit beta remains unchanged, trending a few percentage points higher and then beginning to revert and fall if and when we see rate cuts from the Fed. When interest rate cuts commence, we expect to manage betas on the way down with the same discipline as we have during the increasing rate cycle. Turning to Slide 11. Non-interest-bearing mix shift continues to track closely to our forecast, with deceleration of sequential changes. The non-interest bearing percentage decreased by 80 basis points from the third quarter, and we continue to expect this mix shift to moderate and stabilize during 2024. On to Slide 12. For the quarter, net interest income decreased by $52 million or 3.8% to $1.327 billion. Net interest margin declined sequentially to 3.07% in line with our forecast. Cumulatively over the cycle, we have benefited from our asset sensitivity and the expansion of margins, with net interest revenues growing at an 8% CAGR over the past two years. Reconciling the change in NIM from Q3, we saw a decrease of 13 basis points. This was primarily due to lower spread net of free funds, which accounted for nine basis points, along with a two basis point negative impact from lower FHLB stock dividends and a two basis point reduction from hedging. Turning to Slide 13, let me share a few added thoughts around the fixed rate loan repricing opportunity that will benefit us over the moderate term. The construct of our balance sheet is approximately half fully variable rate, 10% in indirect auto, which is a shorter, approximately two-year average life, and 10% in ARMs with a four-year average life. The remainder of approximately 30% is longer average life fixed rate. We have seen notable increases in fixed asset portfolio yields thus far in the rate cycle. Even as the forward curve forecasts lower short-term rates, many of our fixed-rate loan portfolios retain substantial upside repricing opportunity for some time to come. We forecast approximately $13 billion-$15 billion of fixed-rate loan repricing opportunity in 2024, with an estimated yield benefit of approximately 350 basis points. Slide 14 provides the drivers of our spread revenue growth. As a reminder, we continue to analyze and develop action plans for a wide range of potential economic and interest rate scenarios. The basis of our planning and guidance continues to be a central set of those scenarios that is bounded on the lower end by a scenario which includes five rate cuts in 2024. The higher scenario assumes rates stay higher for longer and tracks closely with the Fed's dot plot from year-end. This scenario assumes three cuts in 2024. We continue to be focused on managing net interest margin in a tight corridor. Should the lower rate scenario play out and we see rate cuts as early as March, that will likely result in a margin over the course of the year within a range near the level we saw in the fourth quarter. This would equate to a net interest margin between 3% and 3.1% for each quarter of 2024. If the higher for longer scenario comes to pass, we expect the margin to expand, and at a level that is up to 10 basis points above that. As we saw in December, the outlook for longer-term interest rates also moved lower significantly. There were a number of benefits from this lower market rate outlook. First, it resulted in higher capital levels, given AOCI accretion, which supports our accelerated loan growth outlook now. Second, it provides for easing deposit competition over time. Third, it provides credit support for borrowers with the potential for locking in lower long-term rates. However, the rate outlook is incrementally more challenging for full-year spread revenue than the levels we had seen underlying our guidance in December. Net of these items, including the forecasted pace of loan growth, we now expect net interest income on a dollar basis to trough in the first quarter before expanding sequentially from that level over the course of the year. Turning to Slide 15. Our contingent and available liquidity continues to be robust at $93 billion and has grown quarter-over-quarter. At quarter end, we continue to benefit from a diverse and highly granular deposit base with 70% insured deposits. Our pool of available liquidity represented 206% of total uninsured deposits, a peer leading coverage. Turning to Slide 16. Our level of cash and securities at year-end increased as we've begun to reinvest portfolio cash flows during the fourth quarter. This investment strategy is consistent with our approach to continue to manage the unhedged duration of the portfolio lower over time. We have reduced overall hedge duration of the portfolio from 4.1 years to 3.7 years over the past 18 months. Turning to Slide 17. We've updated our forecast for the recapture of AOCI. As of year-end, we've recaptured 26% of total AOCI from the peak level at September 30. Using market rates at year-end, we would recapture an estimated incremental 44% of AOCI over the next three years. Turning to Slide 18. We continued to be dynamic in positioning our hedging program. As the rate outlooks changed over the course of the fourth quarter, we focused our objective incrementally on the protection of NIM in down rate scenarios and actively reduced instruments that were intended to protect capital in uprate scenarios. As we announced in late December, we terminated the Pay Fixed Swaption program as our assessment of the probability for substantial uprate moves decreased. Over the course of Q2 through Q4, this program worked as intended, providing significant protection against possible tail risk uprate moves with a modest overall cost for that insurance. Additionally, during the quarter, we added to our down rate NIM protection strategies, adding $2.1 billion of Forward-Starting Receive Fixed Swaps and adding $1 billion of floor spreads. We exited $2 billion of Collars, which were near expiration. Our objective with respect to our down rate hedging activities remains unchanged to support the management of net interest margin in as tight a range as possible. Moving on to Slide 19. Our fee growth strategies remain centered on three key areas: capital markets, payments, and wealth management. Note, this quarter in our earnings materials, we've updated the presentation of our non-interest income categories in order to more clearly highlight our strategic areas of focus and more closely align to the way we manage the business. Slide 35 in the appendix provides further detail on the components of each line item. These three key focus areas for fee growth collectively represent 63% of total non-interest income. We're seeing positive underlying growth in each of these areas. In capital markets, we're pleased that revenues expanded sequentially. Both advisory and core bank capital market products grew in the quarter. Our outlook is constructive for 2024, and we expect capital markets to remain a key driver for fee revenue growth over the medium term. Payments and cash management revenue includes debit and credit card revenues, along with treasury management and merchant processing. Our payments opportunity is substantial, reflecting 31% of total fee revenues today, with the potential for significant growth over time. Wealth and asset management revenue has benefited from the realignment earlier this year, which brought together our private bank and retail advisory businesses under one umbrella. Our advisory penetration rate of the customer base continues to increase as wealth advisory households have grown 11% year-over-year, and assets under management are up 16% from a year ago. Moving on to Slide 20. On an overall level, GAAP non-interest income decreased $104 million to $405 million for the fourth quarter. Excluding the mark to market on the pay fixed swaptions and the CRT Premium, fees increased by $5 million quarter-over-quarter. Moving on to Slide 21 on expenses. GAAP non-interest expense increased by $258 million, and underlying core expenses increased by $47 million. As I mentioned, we incurred $226 million of notable item expenses related primarily to the FDIC Deposit Insurance Fund special assessment during the quarter. It also included the last portion of costs related to our staffing efficiency program and corporate real estate consolidations... excluding these items, core expense included higher personnel and professional services, driven by seasonally higher benefits expense, incentives, as well as consulting expenses. The level of expenses we saw in the fourth quarter is largely consistent with the dollar amount we expect quarterly over the course of 2024. This is inclusive of the investments we've discussed previously, as well as sustained efficiencies we are driving across the company. Slide 22 recaps our capital position. Reported Common Equity Tier 1 increased to 10.3% and has increased sequentially for five quarters. Our adjusted CET1 ratio, inclusive of AOCI, was 8.6%. This metric increased 58 basis points compared to the prior quarter, driven by adjusted earnings net of dividends, as well as the benefit from the credit risk transfer transaction we announced in December, which more than offset the impact from the FDIC special assessment. We also saw a significant benefit from AOCI recapture, given the move in rates during the quarter. Our capital management strategy remains focused on driving capital ratios higher while maintaining our top priority to fund high return loan growth. We intend to drive adjusted CET1 inclusive of AOCI into our operating range of 9%-10%. On Slide 23, credit quality continues to perform very well and with normalization of metrics consistent with our expectations. Net charge-offs were 31 basis points for the quarter. This was higher than Q3 by seven basis points and resulted in full-year net charge-offs of 23 basis points. This outcome was aligned with our outlook for full-year net charge-offs between 20 and 30 basis points at the low end of our target through the cycle range for net charge-offs of 25-45 basis points. Gross charge-offs in the fourth quarter were relatively flat, with the overall change in net charge-offs largely a result of lower recoveries. Given ongoing normalization, non-performing assets increased from the previous quarter, while remaining below the prior 2021 level. The criticized asset ratio increased quarter-over-quarter, with risk rating changes within commercial real estate being the largest component. Allowance for credit losses was higher by one basis point to 1.97% of total loans, and our ACL Coverage Ratio continues to be among the top quartile in the peer group. Let's turn to our outlook for 2024. As we mentioned, we expect to drive accelerated loan growth between 3% and 5% for the full year. Deposits are likewise expected to continue their solid trend of growth between 2% and 4%. As a result of the loan growth and margin outlook I shared earlier, net interest income for the full year is expected to range between -2% to +2%. The pace of loan growth, coupled with the rate scenario we see actually play out, will drive the range of spread revenue. If the higher for longer rate scenario plays out and loan growth tracks to the top end of our range, we expect net interest income to grow by approximately 2%. If the lower scenario comes to fruition and loan growth tracks to the lower end of our growth range, we could see spread revenue declining two percentage points. In both scenarios, I expect net interest income to trough in the first quarter before expanding throughout 2024 from that level. Non-interest income on a core underlying basis is expected to increase between 5% and 7%. The baseline of core excludes notable items, the mark-to-market impact from the pay fixed swap option program, as well as CRT impacts. Fee revenue growth is expected to be driven primarily by capital markets, payments, and wealth management. Core expenses are expected to increase by 4.5%. This level reflects the finalization of our budget and includes the additional loan growth we discussed earlier, which will have some incremental compensation expense tied to production. Expenses could fluctuate depending on the level of revenue-driven compensation, primarily associated with our fee-based revenues, including capital markets. The tax rate is expected to be approximately 19% for the full year. We expect net charge-offs for the full year to be between 25 and 35 basis points. With that, we'll conclude our prepared remarks and move to questions and answers. Tim, over to you. Thanks, Zach. Operator, we will now take questions. We ask that as a courtesy to your peers, each person ask only one question and one related follow-up, and then if that person has additional questions, he or she can add themselves back into the queue. Thank you. Thank you. If you'd like to ask a question today, please press star one on your telephone keypad. A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press star two if you'd like to remove your question from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the star keys. One moment please, while we poll for questions. Thank you. Our first question today is coming from the line of Manan Gosalia with Morgan Stanley. This is you with your questions. Hi, good morning. I wanted to start off on the expense guide change. You know, I know it's a small change from 4 to 4.5%, but it is higher than some of your peers are guiding to for 2024. So I was hoping you could elaborate more on, you know, what's going into that. And also, you know, if there is a similar flex on the expense side as there is on the revenue. So for instance, if you get to your down 2% NII number with more rate cuts, does that drive a little bit of flex on the expense side as well? ... Great question, Manan. This is Zach, I'll take that. You know, we, the guidance that we had given back in October and in December was really primarily designed to be an early view for you, so you could get an insight into some of the key decisions we were making and for us to really be able to discuss that in detail. That was the approximate 4.7 we discussed before. The finalization of our budget reflects the additional loan growth that we've now added to the plan and associated fee revenues as well, because that's what represents the difference up to 4.5%. To give you a sense, it's about $5 million a quarter, so relatively small. I, I think your—and by the way, the underlying drivers of that are unchanged from what we have discussed before. We'll continue to drive significant efficiencies in core based on expenses with a number of of programs. We'll continue to invest in our strategic growth initiatives. We'll execute on the incremental build of capabilities and automation and data to get ahead of coming regulations, and we'll execute on the new really attractive commercial growth opportunities we've discussed before. All of that's included in in that number, and and no change to our expectation as well about reducing that curve of three as we go into 2024—2025, excuse me, back to more normalized levels. As it relates to your question in terms of the kind of marginal sensitivity of it, you know, certainly that will be to some degree that. I think, the expense going guide is generally calibrated to sort of the middle of the ranges we've got in growth and revenues. And so there'll be, you know, some potential upside of expenses if all of the revenues hit the high end, and likewise, some potential opportunity if the revenues are at the lower end of the ranges. Great, thank you. And my next question was on the deposit franchise. You know, you have a pretty strong core consumer deposit franchise, and some of your peers have highlighted that there's still some lagged upward repricing in deposits there. So can you talk about how you expect those deposits to behave over the next few quarters and then as the Fed begins to cut rates? Yep. This is Zach. I'll take that one again. You know, what we've been seeing in the marketplace broadly with respect to deposit costs and deposit beta, both across both consumer and commercial, is the, is what you expect, a deceleration of the sequential changes and, and very much for us, trending highly aligned to our expectations. As well, I will tell you that we are beginning to see in the marketplace a fairly constructive initial signs of firms preparing for what will likely be soon a down beta environment, with a shortening, for example, time deposit terms, with a change of promotional terms around money market, and select testing of different price points for unique segments and unique geographies, all which is, you know, what you'd expect to presage what will ultimately be a series of down beta moves. With respect to your specific question on consumer and sort of will that trend, I think the answer is yes. You know, what we have been saying all along is that deposit costs and beta will continue to trend at a decelerating rate through the pause period until such time that there is a rate reduction. That's our expectation as well. I will say the go-to-market pricing is generally here, pretty consistent, if not, again, testing somewhat lower price points. But there's, of course, you know, sort of an embedded momentum of somewhat upward bias in terms of pricing for at least another quarter here. Then we'll see. Do we get a rate cut in March? Somewhat aggressive in our view, but it's possible, in which case, down beta begins very quickly. If the rate environment holds out for the pause until September, in which case we'll see kind of a, you know, a longer period of drift. Great, thank you. Thanks for your question. Our next question is coming from the line of Erika Najarian with UBS. Erika, your question. Hi, good morning. By the way, whoever wrote that script, the guidance could not be any clearer, so that was great. Just that being said, a few follow-up questions. You know, the loan growth guidance from your peers would imply, you know, that the macro outlook, which seems pretty consensus, you know, it is indicative of, you know, softer opportunities. And perhaps this is a good chance, you know, clearly you've been telling us for the past few years that you've set yourself up differently, and you've set yourself up differently to outperform. And maybe go back through those opportunities that I think that, you know, the average loan growth number, you know, is certainly notable versus peers. And perhaps remind us of why Huntington is a particularly unique set of growth opportunity for this year. Eri a, this is Steve. I'll start with that because you've asked a broader history. And then, Zach, you may go ahead. So first, we do think the discipline on our aggregate moderate to low risk appetite, which has been in place now for 14 years, has been a governor, and it has helped us as we've decided what business to pursue and what not to seek. With that in mind, we've been very purposeful and strategic about growing these businesses, and you saw at the Investor Day a mid-teens growth rate on, like, the specialty banking. So we have a very strong middle market core banking set of capabilities. We have a tremendous amount of small business capabilities and capacity. We have market density in Ohio on small business, and we're achieving that now in other states. The core sort of regional banking franchise is performing very, very well. You add to that these specialties that have been put in place, just three new ones last year. ... which, by the way, they're all off to terrific starts. And then, the expansion, we've been in, like, Dallas and Charlotte for a decade or more. When we see opportunities, we may pursue them. And an example of that is in the Carolinas, where we believe we've got a fantastic group of new colleagues coming to us with teams. These are some just outstanding people that we've been following for years, and it all came together. We were investing, others were not, and there was a moment to be dynamic. In addition to that, we still have opportunities in these TCF markets. We're doing incredibly well in Michigan. But where I would say we're early stage still in Chicago, the Twin Cities, and Denver. And we like those markets, each of those markets. So we believe with the investments we've made in specialty banking, the core regional bank performing well with opportunity, we've got lots of lots of growth potential in the next few years. And that's with the you know, I didn't talk about the asset finance business. Our distribution finance business is a horse. They had a phenomenal year last year. Our auto business is one of our best businesses. We've got one of our really terrific teams in that area, and Floorplan has done very, very well in terms of its growth as well. So lots of growth options. The equipment finance more broadly, a lot of growth options in that. And you're seeing that through the cycle. And so we believe we're poised to outperform and have budgeted and expect our colleagues to do so in the coming years. This is Zach. I just want to tack on two things. First of all, thanks for the compliment in terms of the guidance, and I give all the credit to our really terrific investor relations team. But just, you know, the one thing I would add on top of that is we were pretty purposeful about staying on a growth footing across the board, and importantly, in terms of the financial resources and investments that we're putting against our core growth opportunities. And, you know, recognize that the net outcome of that, including some of the other things that we want to do in terms of data and automation capabilities, would result in an overall expense growth that was higher than we would want to have relative to revenue growth, higher than we would typically target. And it certainly was something we discussed at length, as you know. But we took that view purposely and recognizing it was contrarian, because the in our view, the long-term earnings potential of staying in that growth posture is so much more advantageous than were we to have really significantly ratcheted back, investments and expenses. And so a bit of short-term challenge with respect to operating leverage will yield very significantly better earnings growth trajectory through the course of 2024. And 2025, the earnings outlook looks exceptionally strong as well. So just to tack on to Steve's point, I think the whole system is really working and that'll yield powerful results here. For sure. And you had the capital, so it all makes sense. And just a follow-up question. Again, so many moving pieces in terms of the rate outlook. But Zach, you know, if maybe update us on your rate sensitivity, you know, as of 12/31, after some of the moves that you made in terms of your balance sheet management. And also, you know, if you could give us a little bit more detail about what you mean in terms of managing the betas on the way down at a similar discipline. And I wonder if you could give us, you know, maybe your expectations on deposit beta for the first 100 basis points of rate cuts. Sure. Great, great questions, both. There's a lot in there to unpack, so let me address those both. As it relates to asset sensitivity for December, I expect it to be roughly consistent with the asset sensitivity we saw that was reported in October, and you'll see that come out in the Q, or sorry, in the K. You know, as we've discussed over time, you know, the business is naturally asset sensitive, and so clearly on the way up with the interest rate cycle, we've benefited very significantly in terms of margin expansion and revenue growth. I will note as well, something just as important to assess as you're thinking about asset sensitivity is in our securities portfolio. As you know, we've hedged a large portion of our available for sale securities, which has benefited significantly in terms of yields rising higher, protecting capital in the asset sensitivity metric. In the down 100 bps scenario, for example, it represents about a percentage point of additional sensitivity from those swaps. Those swaps will roll off over the course of the next 12-18 months, and most of that impact and sensitivity will begin to ramp off starting in the second half of 2024 and continuing on for, you know, about a 12-month period thereafter. The other thing I'll just say as an important point is those sensitivity metrics are pretty academic and not standardized across the industry, with lots of assumptions of the beta being the most significant, but also whether those analyses are ramps on top of the forward curve or whether they're just from a start point. Ours is a ramp on top of the forward curve, so certainly advise that it's important to assess those assumptions pretty carefully when you're comparing those metrics across firms. Back to. So, you know, in terms of our balancing management posture, incrementally from here, I see the opportunity to add downside rate reduction hedges. You know, our hedging strategy is incrementally shifting from a focus on capital protection to a focus on down rate protection, as we discussed in the prepared remarks, and we added some of that in Q4. I suspect we'll continue to be incrementally adding into those down rate protection strategies over time, which would gradually reduce downside asset sensitivity. You know, in terms of deposit beta and what we would be expecting for the first, you know, x basis points, you know, to give you a sense, in the scenario that I'm looking at, where rates, in fact, begin to fall in March and then have five cuts in them, so it's a little more than your scenario, we would expect to see about a 20% roughly down beta over a three-quarter period by the end of 2024. It would, of course, be less than that if there was an extended pause through to sort of the summertime period, but just to give you a sense of sort of the sensitivity to your question. So clear. Thanks so much. Thanks, Erica. Our next question is from the line of John Pancari with Evercore ISI. This is you. It's recording. Good morning. Morning, John. On the capital front, I know your CET1 increased nicely, about 15 basis points to 10.25 in the fourth quarter. Just as you look at your trajectory here and your outlook for earnings and capital organic capital generation, how are you thinking about potentially ramping up buybacks and capital return overall? Thank you. Great question, John. Thanks. This is Zach. I'll take that one. You know, well, we're very pleased with the outcomes around the overall action plan we've had with respect to managing capital and our capital priorities throughout the course of 2023. As we've talked about, actively modulating the pace of loan growth to balance additional loan growth and revenue, but also accreting capital on the balance sheet, clearly in the fourth quarter, benefiting significantly from a recapture of AOCI, which allows us now to even yet again accelerate the pace of loan growth, as we discussed earlier. And for the foreseeable future, I see us continuing on with that posture, driving... You know, the most important capital priority we have is to fund higher tier loan growth, and there is a significant opportunity for us to do that, which is the most value-creating decision that's in front of us. And importantly, at 8.6%, our adjusted CET1 is -- it has been rising a lot, and we want to drive that into the 9%-10% operating range that we've discussed over time. So I think for the foreseeable future, we'll continue on with that, with that plan. Once we get into the 9%-10% range with adjusted CET1, we'll reassess our posture with respect to share repurchases. Over time, share repurchases are a really important point, a part of the value creation model for the company, and I absolutely expect us to get back to them. And we're going to, you know, drive to those outcomes as soon as we possibly can. And John, as Zach shared with you in the third quarter call, we are advancing as if the pending capital requirements are in place. So we're building capital now that will meet those requirements should they be adopted. Great. All right. Thank you. And then also for you, Steve, I guess related to that, maybe if you could just talk about, you know, the whole debate around the need for scale as you look longer term at the evolution that's going on right now within the regional banks, post the last year's failures and so the regulatory requirements and the need for scale to compete. How do you view the potential for whole bank M&A as a role in Huntington's outlook? And what's the earliest, do you think, from an industry perspective, not necessarily for Huntington, that you think we can actually see a pickup in whole bank M&A, given the backdrop and regulators? Well, that's a series of questions, John. I'll try to answer them, but I may miss on one aspect. Let's just back up for a moment. You had three idiosyncratic banks fail. And you've seen the rest of the industry sort of adjust and adapt and respond very quickly. And the core strength of the industry, I don't think is, is in question now. For us, we believe in having a very focused, disciplined, and a broadly diversified set of businesses. And we've been able to build those and achieve that posture, and it has served us very, very well as we've seen in the second half of last year and continuing this year. So we're very bullish on our ability to organically grow and expect—and that's our focus. As we'll continue to do that, you may see further announcements from us this year in terms of organic growth moves. I expect that we will continue to be maybe a bit contrarian, but agile as we can as we continue to advance. We think we have tremendous opportunities already in the business lines that we have. So in terms of scale, I think the regulatory response is in reaction to those three failures, raising questions about how much tailoring will the industry benefit, or banks will benefit from in the industry over time. There is the expectations have clearly increased, as they should. We are investing in our risk management platform. I think I shared on the third quarter call, for example, we will have much better intraday visibility on deposit flows in the near term as a consequence. There are a series of things like this that we're addressing. Now, I don't know. We've been investing in risk management since I arrived in 2009, so I don't know how we compare, really compare to other banks. You know, we've always viewed the stress test results where we've been top quartile or even leading in terms of the portfolio stresses by the regulators as a barometer. It looks like that was a very good measure, at least at this point. So we're not anticipating a change in posture at this stage. We don't feel compelled to... we have to do something. And yet, at the same time, should there be opportunity somewhere in the future, we'd take a look. But it has to be in a risk-adjusted context that makes sense to us. And I don't see that activity in 2024. I think we've got a tremendous amount of core growth to deliver, and we're excited by that. Great. Thanks, Steve. Thanks, John. Thank you. Our next question is from the line of Steven Alexopoulos with JP Morgan. Steven, your question. Hey, good morning, everybody. Morning, Steve. I want, I want to start, for you, Zach, big picture. So historically, a steep yield curve has been a positive catalyst for bank margins and earnings. But given how you've positioned the balance sheet, right, with the use of hedges, have you in essence traded away much of that potential benefit in order to have a more stable NIM today? Great question, Steve. I, I think the short answer to your question is no. You know, the, a steeper yield curve continues to, to benefit us. Obviously, that- that's, that environment would be indicative of, you know, funding costs, which are, which would represent solid margins against where, you know, asset yields are. You know, I, I think, you know, we're in this really strange environment with, with inverted yield curves and with a, with a dramatic, you know, kind of reduction forecasted, you know, pretty quick here. So we'll see how it all plays out. But I think for us, the, the puts and takes with respect to NIM outlook in the, in the moderate term through 2024, you know, one, we're going to continue to benefit very significantly from fixed asset repricing. I tried to provide some incremental clarity about that in the prepared remarks in the presentation. But you're seeing 50-100 basis point moves in overall portfolio yield in key FX categories. We'll continue to see that benefit us out not only to 2024, but into 2025 and beyond. You know, another thing is, you know, for us, as the curve becomes less inverted, we'll see our negative carry from our down rate hedge protection program reduce. The negative carry impact, by the way, in Q4 was around 17 basis points of drag. We've talked about likely, we'll see about 10 bits of that come back to us if you believe the scenario kind of pretty aligned with the forward curve here over the next four quarters. Funding costs, you know, again, in a steeper yield curve environment, where short-end rates have fallen, will really start to benefit us in terms of beginning to pivot toward down beta and actually executing on down beta, to Erika's question earlier. And those things in total, essentially offset for us in our NIM, the variable yield reduction that we'll see if and when the short end comes down. So I still believe that Goldilocks scenario of a nice upward sloping yield curve, if we can find it, is accretive to margins and we're supportive of it. You know, and the goal we've got is the same, to try to really collar the NIM here, put a floor under it, and really position for upside. I think the last thing I'd say is, kind of getting to, to your question as well, the modeling that we have done about 2025, and we've been saying it for a while, really highlights NIM expansion opportunities, which again, is sort of a indication that the upward sloping yield curve is positive. Okay. That's helpful. Zach, I ask the question because earlier you said if the rates stay higher for longer, your NIM would be about 10 basis points higher in 2024 versus the Fed cutting. But as we move beyond 2025, 2026, there's a clear benefit to the NIM. Are you able to quantify for us, like on a longer-term basis, assuming the forward curve played out, we've given the what's on and what's rolling off, where the NIM could be long term for Huntington? Sure. Yeah, but the point on the higher, you know, NIM and the scenario where rates stay higher for longer, it's not only a scenario where short end stays higher for longer, but also longer end stays higher for longer. I will note that, so you know, much of our balance sheet yields key off the belly of the curve, the two to five-year range. And so I think that that's an important point to consider. Look, over the longer term, I see, you know, north of three, you know, into the low threes, in terms of NIMs as a sustainable level. Of course, the business mix continues to shift, so I think it's hard to really be precise about that, a priori, you know, several years out. We'll have to continue to do our modeling. But over the foreseeable future, we see that range of sort of 3-3.10 in the quicker rate reduction scenario, maybe as much as 10 bps higher than that if rates stay higher, longer through 2024. And then I would see, you know, another step up into 2025... you know, assuming the yield curve holds generally as it's forecast to. Okay, thanks for taking my question. Thank you so much. Our next question is from the line of Jon Arfstrom with RBC Capital Markets. Please proceed with your questions. Hey, thanks. Good morning. Morning, Jon. Couple of guidance clarifications for you, Zach. When you say, one key in net interest income is a trough, how deep is that trough? How much lower, do you want— You know, where, where do you want us to start, I guess, for one, two? Good, good question. You know, Q1, by the way, is typically seasonally lower just with day count, and just other mixed items. And so I think you'll probably see, you know, a level that's, that's, that is, lower than Q4 by, by around the same amount that, that Q4 was lower than Q3, and then begin to grow from there. And so it's really the kind of trajectory from there that's really the major difference in the guidance range, given that if you just pull back, loan growth, I would expect in Q1, will be about the same year-on-year as we saw in Q4, i.e., around 2%. And then sort of steadily accelerating from there and, and ending the year growing, you know, at or even potentially above the, the high end of the, of the loan growth range. The average should be the 3%-5% I discussed. There's a trajectory for sure during the year. And likewise, in terms of NIM, you know, I think, you know, it's likely that the NIM will likely be at its lowest point in the year in the first quarter, and then kind of rising, you know, pretty heavily depending on which scenario you look at. But that's the general trajectory I'm expecting. Okay. Okay, good. I think it's important to set that up. And then on expenses, when you say consistent, you know, there was a lot of hand-wringing last quarter on your expense guide. And when you say consistent, are you basically saying flatline expenses quarterly for 2024, meaning that all the expense investments and hiring and things that you've done are essentially in the run rate today, and you don't see a lot of these pressures as 2024 progresses? Is that fair? That's an excellent one. I really appreciate the chance to clarify on that. Broadly speaking, the answer is yes. The dollar amount of expenses overall we saw on a corporate basis in Q4, the forecast we've got in our budget represents pretty similar dollar amounts overall for each of the quarters during 2024, coincidentally. You know, there's, in my mind's eye, to try to illustrate this picture for you, you know, there's a variety of factors that are kind of offsetting each other and driving within that. I would say there's still a little bit of additional ramp-up over run rate, some of the incremental capability investments that we're doing. Likewise, a little bit of additional ramp up in some of these new initiatives, like in the commercial business. We're also, you know, actively tuning our overall strategic investments to modestly offset that. And then lastly, you've got these efficiency programs, which are accumulating in their impact over time. I think the business process reengineering initiative we've been driving for quite some time, we internally call it Operation Accelerate. The business process offshoring initiative, which, by the way, is also growing and accumulating. So there's sort of a series of factors that are netting together, but the result of it is basically dollars that are pretty consistent with a pretty tight range in Q4. Yeah. Okay, good. Very helpful. Thank you very much. Thank you. Thank you. As a reminder, if you'd like to ask a question today, you may press star one from your telephone keypad at this time. And best, please ask two questions, and then if you have any return, you may return to question two for follow-up. Thank you. And our next question will be from the line of Matt O'Connor with Deutsche Bank. Please see with your questions. Hey, good morning. This is Nate Stein on behalf of Matt. I just wanted to ask about commercial credit. Commercial real estate net charge-offs increased versus 3Q levels. Can you talk about what drove that and just touch on the outlook for commercial real estate as credit quality this year? And then on the C&I side, these also continue to normalize. Can you talk about what you're seeing in this book? Thank you. Sure, Nate, this is Brendan. I'll take that. For the quarter, yes, we did see, you know, on a basis point perspective, there was an increase in the commercial real estate side, but I want to sort of point you to the dollars. There was $20 million of charge-offs in the quarter, and it really represented three transactions. So, you know, it's consistent with our view of the real estate portfolio at this time, which is, you know, the. From a charge-off perspective, the focus will be in the office portfolio. That's where we think that there is potential for loss content, which is why we've increased our reserves to approximately 10% there. And so what you're seeing in the current quarter is sort of the manifestation of that message that we've been delivering for some time. When I take a step back and look more broadly, the portfolio on commercial in general is actually performing pretty well. I mean, the C&I side of the house has had, you know, its individual idiosyncratic issues, but in general, the strength of the portfolio is the result of our strong portfolio management and our low to moderate risk profile that we target. So, I feel really good about the commercial portfolio at this time. So Nate, Steve, the charge-off ... Gross charge-offs, Q3 to Q4 were $2 million apart. And it was very, very similar. The difference was all in recoveries. The CRE portfolio is performing very well. The office portfolio has had minimal losses, 23 basis points for the year. Cumulative charge-offs, it's outstanding. We're very pleased with that performance. As occurred, and we're confident going forward. Thanks for the question. All right. Thank you. And if I could just ask one follow-up on the criticized assets. So these also kicked up in the fourth quarter. Can you talk about what drove that? You know, as this is Brendan again, Nate. As Zach said in the prepared remarks, it really came out of our commercial real estate portfolio. You know, the impact of higher short-term rates has persisted, and that's what's reflected in those results. You know, again, we have been signaling through the second half of last year that we expected criticized to move up, and that's exactly how it played out. You know, again, we have good confidence in our client selection in that portfolio and solid reserve against it overall. So, you know, I guess I would classify that as just more credit normalization across the portfolio. Thank you for the question. Our next question is from the line of Ibrahim Poonawala with Bank of America. Please proceed with your question. Hey, good morning. Morning, Ibrahim. Just wanted to follow up on the loan growth guide, Steve. It does feel at the higher end of what we've seen over the last week from your peers. Sorry if I missed it, but give us a sense of how much of this is just market share gain that you expect versus the underlying growth that you're seeing in these markets and your expectations, I guess, tied to GDP growth? Well, we've had growth last year of 2%. If anything, I think the signal from the Fed pivot will foster further loan growth for the industry. We are in an advantaged position. And so we'll capture share from that, but we also have these specialty banking initiatives in the Carolinas, and they begin with no portfolio, so there's no prepayment, repayment risk, obviously, and that's all net loan growth. And those groups are off to terrific starts. We're very, very pleased with the quality of colleagues we've been able to attract to Huntington, and I'm quite confident in our teams, both the core teams, that they'll deliver in our footprint, the specialty banking teams, and frankly, our consumer lending teams are outstanding as well. As we come into the year, we've got momentum, and we're going to continue to invest in these businesses, and that cumulatively should help us achieve or even exceed the goals. Got it. I guess what I didn't hear, Steve, was any mention of fiscal stimulus, the ChipStack, et cetera, flowing through your market. Is that not as meaningful going forward around moving the needle on growth? The markets have, you know, broadly speaking, we're talking about 11, 12 states that we're in with our network. But here in Columbus, which is what you're referring with the Intel plant, that plant is well under construction, and the supply chain commitments will largely be made, we think, this year as they move towards opening in the following year. So, so we have some unusual factors that are strengthening the outlook here in Greater Columbus, and we have, you know, very, very significant market share here and lead by a lot in most categories. But it will also benefit the broader region. And that's one of just many sectors that have chosen the Midwest. Think about batteries from East Michigan, Ann Arbor, through Columbus and some of the announcements last year, including the Honda joint venture here in Greater Columbus on the battery front. There's a lot of investment that's being made in the core footprint, all of which will generate economic benefit for the industry. So, for the industry and certainly for us with our leadership position in many of these areas. Thanks for the question. Thank you. I think we're hitting the top of the hour. I'm just going to wrap. I want to thank you very much for joining us today. In closing, we're pleased with the fourth quarter results as we dynamically manage through this environment. We believe we're well positioned. The investments we made in 2023 will further drive revenue growth in 2024 and beyond. Our focus is on driving core revenue growth, carefully managing expenses to support investments in the business, and growing loans consistent with our aggregate moderate-to-lower risk appetite. The management team is focused on executing our strategies that we previously shared. As a reminder, the board executives, our colleagues, we're top 10 shareholders, and that creates strong, long-term alignment with our shareholders generally. And finally, we're grateful to our nearly 20,000 exceptional colleagues who delivered these outstanding results and our perennial award winners for customer service. Thank you all very much. Appreciate your interest in Huntington. Have a great day. Thank you. This will conclude today's conference. You may disconnect your lines at this time. Thank you for your participation.