Good morning, and welcome to ImmuCell Corporation reports third quarter, September 30, 2024, unaudited financial results conference call. All participants will be in listen-only mode. After today's presentation, there will be an opportunity to ask questions. Please note this event is being recorded. I would now like to turn the conference call over to Joe Diaz of Lytham Partners. Please go ahead. Thank you, Wyatt, and good morning, and welcome to everybody on today's call. As the conference call operator indicated, my name is Joe Diaz with Lytham Partners. We're the investor relations consulting firm for ImmuCell. I thank all of you for joining us today to discuss the unaudited financial results for the quarter ended September 30, 2024. Listeners are reminded and cautioned that statements made by management during the course of this call include forward-looking statements, which include any statements that refer to future events or expected future results or predictions about the steps the company plans to take in the future. These statements are not guarantees of performance and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results, outcomes, or events to differ materially from those discussed today. Additional information regarding forward-looking statements and the risks and uncertainties that could impact future results, outcomes, or events is available under the cautionary note regarding forward-looking statements or the safe harbor statement provided with the press release and the Form 10-K that the company filed last night, along with the company's other periodic filings with the SEC. Information discussed on today's call speaks only as of today, Thursday, November 14, 2024. The company undertakes no obligation to update any information discussed on today's call. Please note that references to certain non-GAAP financial measures may be made during today's call. The company included definitions of these terms as well as reconciliations of these figures to the most comparable GAAP financial measures in last night's press release in order to better assist you in understanding its financial performance. With that said, let me turn the call over to Michael Brigham, President and CEO of ImmuCell Corporation, after which we will open the call for your questions. Michael. Hey, all right. Thanks, Joe. Good morning, everyone. I am excited. I say that for a few reasons. First, I say that because someone told me that my voice does not always demonstrate that. Please judge me by my words and our disclosures. I'm excited to have a really difficult period largely behind us. The best evidence of that is that we have not had another contamination in our production process since the first half of April of 2024. We have a great opportunity to increase 2024 sales over both 2023 and 2022. We can see the potential of achieving FDA approval of Re-Tain around the corner after all these years of investment, and we are eager to find out what the market thinks of our new novel product. We are fortunate to be experiencing strong customer demand for the First Defense product line, but the significant investments in facilities, equipment, and staffing necessary to double our production capacity have been challenging. Despite delays in the installation of certain equipment, we completed these capacity-expanding investments around the end of 2022, around the same time as we began to operate at this higher output level. We began experiencing production contamination events that became more frequent during 2023 and continued into April of 2024. We have investigated these events thoroughly. We are optimizing raw material mix to maintain acceptable bioburden levels while also maximizing yields. We also believe that some of the contamination was caused by equipment and processes that were not adequately optimized to run at a higher level of production output. These new remediation steps implemented during April of 2024 in response to the most recent contamination events appear to be very successful so far because, as I said, we have run without contamination since then into the present. We do not see one smoking gun as a root cause to the contamination and yield losses. We think the solution is more about optimizing and controlling critical process parameters and multiple production inputs and process steps. The remediation steps of the contamination events required several adjustments, all within our USDA-approved outline of production. Further, I would like to confirm that throughout these contamination events, all product that was sold to market had passed final USDA release testing requirements. When I look back, I see something that is now very understandable. After successfully running the same process for over 30 years, sudden growth is hard. We work with a high bioburden source material, that being farm milk. We needed to better control the quality at the source of this growth. We are doing that now. Similar challenges were incurred in our downstream processing as we pushed our well-established process and equipment harder. We believe that the operational improvements implemented are allowing us to run more effectively at a higher output level going forward. To be successful, we must avoid future significant contamination events and equipment breakdowns and operate with good production yields. Turning to the P&L results, product sales increased by 11%, 51%, and 46% during the three, nine, and twelve-month periods ended September 30, 2024, respectively, in comparison to the same periods ended September 30, 2023. This helped us reduce the order backlog to $6.8 million as of October 30th. This is exciting, but this top-line success has not been matched with adequate gross margin to the bottom line. Like most other companies in this economy, we are facing challenging inflationary pressures on the cost of labor and components. This impacts just about everything we buy. In addition, the other cause of the gross margin deterioration is the production yield losses that we have incurred during the recent periods. That being said, our gross margin as a percentage of product sales did improve from 23%-26% during the comparable three-month periods, from 21%-27% during the comparable nine-month periods, and from 22%-27% during the comparable twelve-month periods. But this is still well short of our 35%-40% target. We do believe that by both remediating the contamination events and optimizing the operation of the new equipment installed to increase production output, we can improve process yields beginning during the fourth quarter of 2024 and into 2025. With these strong sales, we were able to improve earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization, or EBITDA, from negative 95,000 during the three-month period ended September 30, 2023, to positive EBITDA of 119,000 during the three-month period ended September 30, 2024. And we did reduce negative EBITDA of $2.3 million during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2023, to negative 221,000 during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024. We have decided that some stockholder dilution is necessary in order to improve our cash position. To that end, our at-the-market offering has contributed meaningfully to our capital needs during 2024. It has helped us improve our cash position from just $979,000 as of December 31, 2023, to approximately $3.8 million as of September 30, 2024, as we stabilize our production systems at a higher output level. Concurrently, we are reducing product development expenses as we await approval of Re-Tain by the FDA. After an investment of about 25 years and approximately $50 million in the development of this technology, we are committed to seeing this product through to regulatory approval and the initiation of our previously disclosed limited distribution control launch strategy. At the same time, we were also in the very early stages of exploring potential strategic partnerships that could offset some of our product development expenses and enhance a mass-market launch of Re-Tain. So we will remain focused on the commercial opportunity we have with First Defense as we work through what we see as the final stages of the regulatory approval process in our effort to bring Re-Tain to market. In May, the FDA issued a CMC technical section incomplete letter in response to our third submission of the CMC technical section for Re-Tain. Pursuant to the incomplete letter, the FDA has provided some minor questions about our submission requiring a forward submission, which is typically subject to a six-month review. However, the FDA has indicated that this resubmission potentially could be handled through a shortened review period because the open ends are not complex. Most critical to the timeline, however, is that the FDA has also required that we not resubmit the CMC technical section until inspectional observations at the facilities of our drug product contract manufacturer are resolved. Given the unique facts and circumstances, we are working with the FDA and our drug product contract manufacturer to obtain an expedited review. This is part of the process, and we are continuing to move forward. Regardless, we remain poised and excited to revolutionize the way that subclinical mastitis is treated in today's dairy market with a novel alternative to traditional antibiotics without FDA-required milk discard or meat withhold label restrictions. So that's the big picture. With regards to the other financial results, the press release provides the unaudited P&L results and some unaudited summary balance sheet data. Further, our Form 10-Q provides all the unaudited financial details and management's discussion and analysis. We'll not take our time on this call to review all that in detail. But just lastly, I encourage you to review our corporate presentation slide deck. I do believe it provides a very good summary of our business and objectives as well as our current financial results. A November update was just posted to our website last night. See the investor section of our website and click on corporate presentation or contact us for a copy. With that said, I'd be very happy to take your questions. Let's have the operator open up the lines, please. We'll now begin the question-and-answer session. To ask a question, you may press star, then one on your telephone keypad. If you are using a speakerphone, please pick up your handset before pressing the keys. If at any time your question has been addressed and you would like to withdraw your question, please press star, then two. At this time, we will pause momentarily to assemble our roster. Hey, Michael, this is Joe Diaz. I did have a question while the queue starts filling up. With regards to First Defense, the business has been strong. What do you attribute that to? The product works. I mean, efficacy rules. I mean, we just have a great customer demand for this product. We're competing very effectively against alternative technologies, primarily vaccines, vaccines that are either given to the mother to try, and I'll say somewhat unsuccessfully, improve her production of antibodies in the feed that is given to the newborn. We compete extremely effectively against the vaccine that is given directly to the newborn calf with its naive immune system and, I would say, limited ability to respond to that vaccine. So just great work by a sales team with a product that is pretty well known for its efficacy and providing that value to the customer to keep those newborns healthy. But thanks, Joe. Good question. Leveraging off of that, how do you see the backlog working out here over the next three to four quarters? I would say this, Joe. If the customer demand weren't so strong, it would have worked itself down quite a bit more by now. I always say backlog is a problem, but it's a good problem, especially compared to the alternative of having product on the shelf with expiry dating issues. The more direct answer to your question is we will just have to see because it obviously depends on the volume of incoming orders. With this new production level, the output level we've reached, we're making progress on that every day. It's a matter of months, certainly not a year. We're getting into peak season here. It's a little extra challenge to clear the backlog right now because this first quarter here, December-ish into March, April, is the highest demand for us. We'll just keep working at it. You'll see quarterly how we work that down to zero. All right. Thank you. I will get out of the queue. Wyatt. Our next question comes from George Melas with MKH Management. Please go ahead. Thank you. Good morning, Joe and Mike. How are you? Hey there, George. Hey, Mike. Mike, a question about the gross margin, and I appreciate all the detail you put in the queue to try to help us understand it. If I look back to sort of late 2021, early 2022, when you had similar revenue levels, there were two quarters, December 2021, March 2022, where your revenue was $5.4 million and $6.0 million, which is exactly what you've had these last two quarters. The cost of goods sold was significantly lower. I think probably it was $2.9 million, $2.9 million, and now it's on average, the last two quarters is $4.3 million. So the delta is like $1.4 million of added cost. And I think you talked a little bit about inflation. You talked about yield issues. But is there a way you can help us understand a little bit better the increasing the cost of goods sold? And you have more batches going through the process with lower yield. But I guess on the cost of goods sold, you probably can have pretty good granularity about every aspect of that cost. So maybe help us understand that if you could. Yeah. Certainly an important question, George. I think you almost asked it and in part at least answered it. But I'll repeat. And thank you. I do use the queue to try and get into some of this detail because I think I know it's important. I know you and others are curious. I know we're curious and concerned. It's critical. We spent the better part of basically 2023 so laser-focused on contamination. That was just such a critical event. It'd be nice to report to you, "Oh, we fixed the contamination, and we're right back to our old gross margin." Well, I can't. But I do think you touched on the key factors or variables. Yeah. I think if I remember, you were comparing sort of 2023, 2024 to 2021, 2022. Yeah. Those are two different periods for a lot of reasons. But again, the first one, contamination, those costs are just written off as we go. When we were losing those batches, there were expensive write-offs of scrapped inventory that certainly weren't in our gross margin budget. But you also touched on yield, and I think that's right. Coming out of this period of contamination, it would be nice if we could just say we jumped right into the higher output level and have the same yields, but we don't. So there's a lot of work we're doing on yield. It's a very tricky biological process. Little things make a big difference. I feel like we are addressing a lot of factors that are going to positively impact the yield going forward. But I think that's the number one key goal or initiative going forward is, yeah, you said. Yes, you're right. More and more cheese batches, that's probably a good metric for measuring our production. More and more cheese batches at less and less yield is not going to work. But we're working on that. So I don't know. I wouldn't rank them. I would just say contamination is a huge factor. Yield's a huge factor. And I think I would throw out a third that I think is very relevant. And I did add this disclosure into this queue, and I believe the prior queue as well, product line format mix. When I bragged there a bit about efficacy and growth and customer demand and customer support for the product, our original bivalent format in a bolus is still in the market, and some customers love it. But a lot of our growth is coming from the trivalent, the newer format, the Tri-Shield. That product simply is more expensive to make. We go back to cheese batches. Essentially, it takes one cheese batch to make a bivalent bolus capsule product. It takes two cheese batches for every dose of Tri-Shield to get that third antibody into the tube. So I'm kind of going top of mind here after spending a lot of time with this issue every day and certainly in preparing the 10-Q, but contamination, yield, and product mix are the challenges we need to fix to get that gross margin back to that 35% to 40% level. So that means that essentially, if we compare it to a period of time roughly two years ago, two, three years ago, when you had similar revenue levels, now you have more batches. So that is one of the factors in the high cost. Yeah. Yeah. More batches, but also more batches total to increase the output, but more batches per dose to get the Tri-Shield. Two to one, two to one. So that's definitely a factor. Yeah. Yeah. And I think, I mean, we even had some 50% margin back in the days when we had a bolus or capsule business of about $10 million in sales. That's the same company, but it's a different business. When we started doubling that over to $20 million plus, adding in the Tri-Shield, it's a very different look. It's a very different look for the staff, for the equipment, for the facilities. And we got to work it in. As I said in the Q, I don't expect to get back to 50%. It's a different business. But we're growing the sales and growing the gross margin dollar even at that lower 35%-40% level target. Yep. Yep. Quick question on the P&L. Some of the costs were down, especially product development, but you explained that. Sales and marketing went down a little bit as well. Is there a way to explain that? It's a big ask. We're asking the sales team to do two things: grow sales and save money. So it's a balance. But the team is consistent as far as headcount. So no increase, no decrease. We've managed programs that we like to spend and fund the ones we have to spend because when you're in that cash crunch, when you're in that contamination period, we look at all levers to reduce costs. So yeah, it's that simple. There are some selling expenses that our VP of sales, Bobbi Brockman, has done a great job of managing and controlling and reducing, at the same time, not cutting anything critical to fuel that growth. So good expense management by the sales team. And yeah, the product development is kind of very different now. All the inventory we need for this control launch has been produced. We simply don't need to produce more inventory so we can reduce costs, but we can't have chosen not to eliminate those costs because we want to stand ready for an FDA inspection in a plant that we call aggressive idle, so it's ready to be brought back into service. It's not mothballed, but it's not actively producing inventory, and that is simply to save some money. Okay. Great. And then a power question. You also discussed, and I appreciate that very much, the increase in the width. But then you have a section where you talk about a possibility of having a spray product that would actually reduce that. I think that it's lower cost, it's slightly different product, and it would be a way to absorb the width. Can you talk about that just a little bit more? Yeah. It's really interesting upside for us. We haven't realized it yet. It's in development. We have processed some material. We like the look of it, the initial batches. And going into 2025, we're going to get that to market and see if that is a less expensive but different format way to use up some of that waste that you're talking about. I mean, the inventory of hyperimmunized raw colostrum, frozen raw colostrum. So it's different. We spend a lot of time and thereby money to get a lot of antibodies into a capsule or a tube. This is a pretty different approach with the same overall objective of our antibodies are very effective at preventing newborn calf disease. So rather than focus on concentration, this is going to be more of a bulk product. It'll be more for a different customer, a large calf ranch, say, that's mixing bags of feed rather than a capsule of First Defense or a tube of First Defense. So I'm kind of excited about it, but it's unproven. But we're trying to be creative and just find new customers and new sources of revenue. I see. So it's a spray that you would spray on the feed rather than give it separately to the feed? Well, no, George, the spray refers to the production process. So you got your liquid colostrum. You either run it through the cheesing and all the filtration process to really concentrate those antibodies to a small dose, and then we lyophilize it. That's freeze-drying it. This potentially new format would be skipping all those process steps, taking the raw colostrum and spray-drying it. And so it's a powder that will be added to a batch of milk to be fed to calves. Oh, okay. So the spray refers to one of the key production steps. The application will look like a capsule only. It takes a lot more capsules because we haven't concentrated down to that 4-gram level for the current First Defense capsule. It'd be a bulk feed powder. Got it. Okay. Interesting. And then on Re-Tain, any possible update on your contract manufacturer and them getting through that inspection process? Yeah. The best update is that I don't have an update. And what I mean by that is it hasn't been delayed, and it hasn't been accelerated. We are confident that they are working very diligently towards resolving these answers, and we'll have their final. They've made progress submissions along the way. But the final, final is still on schedule for December, and that's been consistent. As I said, it hasn't moved forward, hasn't pushed back. The issue is, what does the FDA do with that submission? Because as soon as that submission is cleared, we can get through what I said was the non-complex response on our side on what's called the CMC or the manufacturing technical section. Great. Okay. Good luck. Thank you. Hey, George. I I hope you got some sleep last night. Sounds like you were reading the queue a little bit. Thank you for your good questions. You're welcome. If you have a question, please press star, then one, and the next question comes from Jane Lindemann. As a private investor, please go ahead. Hey, Michael. It's Bruce. How are you doing? Hello. Hey, Bruce. How are you? Good. Good. Congratulations on getting all that stuff behind you. A little bit of progress. Thank you. We're just curious about how many shares were sold, and are you going to continue? Do you need to continue the ATM? Yeah. That's fair. So, George, for the specific or the detail, I would refer you over to the Q. I've got a subsequent event note in there, and I've got a detailed description of the specific shares issued. But at a high level shoot, I wish I had my notes right in front of me. I was just looking for an approximate number. Yeah. I think we went from it was like 1.1 million. We went from 7.7 to 8.8 shares outstanding. Okay. Do you think you've finished for now? With this ATM, what we do is, and this is across the board with all public company ATMs, is the specific disclosure is historical and quarterly as to what happened. And we leave a little flexibility into what will happen as far as board discretion. But the cash levels that I mentioned to you take me off the sort of the super hyper concern level to, yep, we can work with this. And then because the future really depends on what are our capital needs, what do we need to spend money on, and also as far as price. So at a higher price, you could raise some money and do some big things at a lower dilution. So I'm a little vague on the future, but the Q is very specific on the year to date. Okay. No, I was just curious because it seemed like you got the cash balance to a decent level so that it's different to sell stock at three and a half or four as opposed to higher levels. Exactly. That's true. And you can see that just if you compare the nine-month numbers to the subsequent event, it very significantly sort of lowered the big volume was back in the third quarter. All right. Well, good luck. We're looking forward to the launch. Great. Hey, appreciate you, Bruce and Jane, for your patience following. Long over 20 years since Pfizer. Is it 20? Wow. Since before Pfizer, right? Oh, my goodness. Isn't that amazing? Time flies. Wow. Thanks for reminding me of that. Holy cow. Okay. Thank you, Michael. Hey, be well. Thank you, Bruce. Bye-bye. That just concludes our question and answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to Joe Diaz for any closing remarks. Thank you, Wyatt. And thanks to all of you participating in today's call. We look forward to talking with you again to review the results for the year ending December 31, 2024, during the week of February 24th, 2025. Thank you and have a great day. The conference has now concluded. 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