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+ The Only Vertically Integrated Full-Stack Quantum Platform Company End-to-end innovation, engineering, manufacturing, and deployment — Across quantum computing, quantum networking, quantum sensing, and quantum security
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Important Information and Where to Find It In connection with the acquisition described in this presentation (the “Transaction”), IonQ, Inc. (“IonQ”) intends to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) a Registration Statement on Form S-4 (the “Registration Statement") which will include a prospectus with respect to the shares of IonQ common stock (the “IonQ Shares”) to be issued in the Transaction and a proxy statement (the “Proxy Statement/Prospectus”) for stockholders of SkyWater Technology, Inc. (“SkyWater”) and SkyWater intends to file with the SEC the proxy statement. The definitive proxy statement (if and when available following the effectiveness of the Registration Statement) will be mailed to stockholders of SkyWater. Each of IonQ and SkyWater may also file with or furnish to the SEC other relevant documents regarding the Transaction. This presentation is not a substitute for the Registration Statement, the Proxy Statement/Prospectus or any other document that IonQ or SkyWater may file with the SEC or mail to SkyWater’s stockholders in connection with the Transaction. INVESTORS AND SECURITY HOLDERS OF IONQ AND SKYWATER ARE URGED TO READ THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT AND THE PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS INCLUDED WITHIN THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT WHEN THEY BECOME AVAILABLE, AS WELL AS ANY OTHER RELEVANT DOCUMENTS FILED WITH THE SEC IN CONNECTION WITH THE TRANSACTION OR INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE INTO THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT AND THE PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS (INCLUDING ANY AMENDMENTS OR SUPPLEMENTS THERETO), BECAUSE THEY WILL CONTAIN IMPORTANT INFORMATION REGARDING IONQ, SKYWATER, THE TRANSACTION AND RELATED MATTERS. The documents filed by IonQ with the SEC also may be obtained free of charge at IonQ’s website at investors.IonQ.com. The documents filed by SkyWater with the SEC also may be obtained free of charge at SkyWater’s website at ir.skywatertechnology.com. Participants in the Solicitation IonQ, SkyWater and certain of their respective directors and executive officers may be deemed to be participants in the solicitation of proxies from the stockholders of SkyWater in connection with the Transaction under the rules of the SEC. Information about the interests of the directors and executive officers of IonQ and SkyWater and other persons who may be deemed to be participants in the solicitation of stockholders of SkyWater in connection with the Transaction and a description of their direct and indirect interests, by security holdings or otherwise, will be included in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus, which will be filed with the SEC. Information about SkyWater’s directors and executive officers is set forth in SkyWater’s proxy statement for its 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders on Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on April 8, 2025, SkyWater’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 29, 2024 and any subsequent filings with the SEC. Information about certain of IonQ’s directors and executive officers is set forth in IonQ’s proxy statement for its 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders on Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on April 28, 2025 and any subsequent filings with the SEC. Additional information regarding the direct and indirect interests of those persons and other persons who may be deemed participants in the Transaction may be obtained by reading the Proxy Statement/Prospectus regarding the Transaction when it becomes available. Free copies of these documents may be obtained as described above. No Offer or Solicitation This communication is for informational purposes only and does not constitute, or form a part of, an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities or a solicitation of any vote or approval, nor shall there be any sale of securities in any jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such jurisdiction. No offer of securities shall be made except by means of a prospectus meeting the requirements of Section 10 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and otherwise in accordance with applicable law. Trademarks The companies depicted in the photographs herein, or in any third-party trademarks, including names, logos and brands, referenced in this presentation, are the property of their respective owners. All references to third-party trademarks are for identification purposes only and nothing herein should be considered to be an endorsement, authorization or approval by any such company. Note to Investors Regarding Forward-Looking Statements This presentation contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the federal securities laws, including Section 27A of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All statements contained in this presentation other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based on IonQ’s and SkyWater’s current expectations, estimates and projections about the expected date of closing of the Transaction and the potential benefits thereof, their respective businesses and industries, management’s beliefs and certain assumptions made by IonQ and SkyWater, all of which are subject to change. All forward-looking statements by their nature address matters that involve risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control and are not guarantees of future results, such as statements about the consummation of the Transaction and the anticipated benefits thereof. These and other forward-looking statements, including the failure to consummate the Transaction or to make or take any filing or other action required to consummate the Transaction in a timely matter or at all, are not guarantees of future results and are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements. Accordingly, there are or will be important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated in such statements and, therefore, you should not place undue reliance on any such statements and caution must be exercised in relying on forward-looking statements. Important risk factors that may cause such a difference include, but are not limited to: (i) the completion of the Transaction on anticipated terms and timing, including obtaining stockholder and regulatory approvals, anticipated tax treatment, unforeseen liabilities, future capital expenditures, revenues, expenses, earnings, synergies, economic performance, indebtedness, financial condition, losses, future prospects, business and management strategies, expansion and growth of SkyWater’s and IonQ’s businesses and other conditions to the completion of the Transaction; (ii) failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the Transaction, including as a result of delay in completing the Transaction or integrating the businesses of IonQ and SkyWater; (iii) IonQ’s and SkyWater’s ability to implement their business strategies; (iv) potential litigation relating to the Transaction that could be instituted against IonQ, SkyWater or their respective directors; (v) the risk that disruptions from the Transaction will harm IonQ’s or SkyWater’s businesses, including current plans and operations; (vi) the ability of IonQ or SkyWater to retain and hire key personnel; (vii) potential adverse reactions or changes to business relationships resulting from the announcement, pendency or completion of the Transaction; (viii) uncertainty as to the long-term value of the IonQ Shares; (ix) legislative, regulatory and economic developments affecting IonQ’s and SkyWater’s businesses; (x) general economic and market developments and conditions; (xi) the evolving legal, regulatory and tax regimes under which IonQ and SkyWater operate; (xii) potential business uncertainty, including changes to existing business relationships, during the pendency of the Transaction that could affect IonQ’s or SkyWater’s financial performance; (xiii) restrictions during the pendency of the Transaction that may impact IonQ’s or SkyWater’s ability to pursue certain business opportunities or strategic transactions; (xiv) unpredictability and severity of catastrophic events, including, but not limited to, acts of terrorism or outbreak of war or hostilities, as well as IonQ’s and SkyWater’s response to any of the aforementioned factors; and (xv) failure of the Transaction to be approved by the stockholders of SkyWater. These risks, as well as other risks associated with the Transaction, will be more fully discussed in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus. While the list of factors presented here is, and the list of factors presented in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus will be, considered representative, no such list should be considered to be a complete statement of all potential risks and uncertainties. Unlisted factors may present significant additional obstacles to the realization of forward-looking statements. Consequences of material differences in results as compared with those anticipated in the forward- looking statements could include, among other things, business disruption, operational problems, financial loss, legal liability to third parties and similar risks, any of which could have a material adverse effect on IonQ’s or SkyWater’s consolidated financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. Neither IonQ nor SkyWater assumes any obligation to publicly provide revisions or updates to any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, should circumstances change, except as otherwise required by securities and other applicable laws. 2
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3 + End-to-end innovation, engineering, manufacturing, and deployment of quantum solutions World’s leading quantum platform company delivering solutions for quantum computing, quantum networking, quantum sensing, & quantum security Solving the world’s most complex problems for global customers Largest U.S.-based, pure-play semiconductor foundry; DMEA-accredited and Category 1A Trusted Specializing in foundational nodes and advanced packaging to support the nation’s critical infrastructure and emerging quantum technologies Niccolo de Masi Chairman & CEO Copyright © 2026 IonQ, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Thomas Sonderman CEO
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4 Transaction Overview Transaction Structure IonQ (NYSE: IONQ) to acquire 100% of SkyWater Technology (NASDAQ: SKYT) Equity Value $1.8 Billion ($35.00 per share) Consideration Mix $15.00 cash / $20.00 stock 1 Operating Model SkyWater to operate as a wholly-owned subsidiary of IonQ, with CEO in place to lead subsidiary Headquarters IonQ (College Park, MD); SkyWater (Bloomington, MN) SkyWater facilities in MN, FL, and TX to continue current operations Conditions / Closing Subject to SkyWater shareholder approval and customary closing conditions, including regulatory approval; Expected close: Q2 – Q3 2026 Copyright © 2026 IonQ, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1. The stock component is subject to a collar under which SkyWater shareholders will receive IonQ stock valued at $20.00 per SkyWater share, based on the 20-day volume weighted average price of IonQ stock as of three business days before closing, unless such volume-weighted average is greater than $60.13 per share, in which case SkyWater shareholders will receive 0.3326 IonQ shares per SkyWater share, or less than $37.99 per share, in which case SkyWater shareholders will receive 0.5265 IonQ shares per SkyWater share.
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5 Quantum is Now and Scaling Requires Rapid Iteration and Secure Onshore Fabrication Then | Quantum Computing Now | Quantum Infrastructure Critical to Nation States • Quantum computing • 5-year roadmap scaling to 1,000s of qubits • Proving out the science • Quantum computing, quantum networking, quantum sensing, and quantum security • Semiconductor architecture and electronic qubit control • 5-year roadmap scaling to millions of qubits • Science proven, engineering driving scale • Highly specialized technology-driven (TaaS) capacity • Rapid development through flexibility, iteration, and parallelization • Trusted foundry with proven track record in quantum technologies Copyright © 2026 IonQ, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 2024 2025 2026
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6 Enables IonQ and SkyWater to continue serving as merchant suppliers, leveraging IonQ’s full-stack quantum portfolio and SkyWater’s secure accredited R&D and manufacturing capabilities Creates an end-to-end quantum supply chain in the U.S. which enables us to scale to full fault tolerance with the highest levels of security Helps ensure manufacturability at scale with industry-leading costs by bringing together the full product lifecycle under one roof Accelerates Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing Roadmap through embedded secure access to Trusted foundry. 200,000 qubit QPUs enabling 8,000 logical qubits expected to start functional testing in 2028 1 2 3 4 + Brings together two teams of world-class talent, together uniquely capable of solving the world’s most complex problems5 The Only Vertically Integrated Full-Stack Quantum Platform Company Copyright © 2026 IonQ, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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7 SkyWater Delivers Unique Value to IonQ via Deep Integration and Technology as a Service Model Parallel innovation paths accelerate progress toward large-scale quantum processors Embedding IonQ system and product engineers with SkyWater process integration teams enriches each design– build–test cycle Maintains foundry service model Preserves IP security, program firewalling, and a Trusted domestic supply chain for all U.S. OEMs TaaS foundry model enables massive parallelism, compounding learning and accelerating innovation across chip generations Technology as a Service Parallel Innovation PathsCloser Engineering Alignment Cat1A Trusted Foundry Accreditation Copyright © 2026 IonQ, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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8 Copyright © 2026 IonQ, Inc. All Rights Reserved. IonQ’s Roadmap Milestones are Based on Highly-Developed Semiconductor Scaling Pathways 2-qubit unit cell 256-qubit quantum computer 10,000s qubit quantum computer 100,000s qubit quantum computer Millions qubit quantum computer All Key R&D Proven Semiconductor Engineering 99.99% fidelity with electronic qubit control proven 2025 Many 2-qubit unit cells on a single chip Add multiplexing to overcome pad limits Die shrink to optimize qubit density per chip Scale across multiple dies with 2.5D IC packaging
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9 Copyright © 2026 IonQ, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Accelerating the Path to Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing via Embedded Access to Trusted Foundry 1. Cycle time refers to the total time from design files being complete to first devices being available to test REDUCED CHIP ITERATION TIMES PROTOTYPING MULTIPLE GENERATIONS IN PARALLEL Faster learning cycles accelerate engineering pace 256-qubit chip cycle time expected to reduce from 9 months to 2 months 1 First 200,000 Qubit QPUs Enabling 8,000 Logical Qubits Now Forecast to Become Available For Functional Testing In 2028 ACCELERATES TOTAL CHIP CYCLE TIMES AND ROADMAP Standard Fab Cycle Embedded Access Cycle 2 Months 9 Months 4.5X Acceleration Accelerating tech development to bring in roadmap
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10 Copyright © 2026 IonQ, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Our First 200,000 Qubit QPUs and Beyond Expected to be Available Earlier, with Functional Testing Starting in 2028 Logical Qubits Physical Qubits 100 100,000 10,000 1,000 1,000,000 100 100,000 10,000 1,000 Logical Error Rates <1.00E-7 <1.00E-12 CY28CY27CY26 CY29 CY30CY25 800 1,600 80,000 8,000 20,00010,000 100-256+ 200,000 2,000,000 64-100+ Now ready for functional testing in 2028
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11 Copyright © 2026 IonQ, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Vertically Integrating Ensures Mass Manufacturability and Industry-Leading Costs at Scale Creates Fully Integrated Quantum Product Lifecycle Model of tight innovation, engineering, and manufacturing Design and Prototype Ion Trap, ASIC, MEMs, PIC, RF, Timing Hot-Lot & Parallel Flows Manufacture and Package 200mm scale with Hi-Rel and RadHard capabilities Thermal & Photonics Deployment and Service Upgrades Compute modules, PNT devices, optical terminals In-fab redesign cycles, ASICs If Using External Foundry Minimizes Unit Economics Best in Class Cost per Physical Qubit IonQ + SkyWater Cybersecurity Networking SensingCompute
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Copyright © 2026 IonQ, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 12 Copyright © 2026 IonQ, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Powering the Next Era of U.S. and Allied Quantum Leadership Sovereign Quantum Supply Chain, with Trusted Fab for Full Fault Tolerance at Highest Security IonQ Headquarters College Park, MD R&D and Manufacturing Bloomington, MN Compute Manufacturing Bothell, WA Advanced Packaging Center Kissimmee, FL Space Manufacturing Louisville, CO 200mm Foundry Austin, TX End-to-End U.S. Chain of Custody
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Copyright © 2026 IonQ, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 13 IonQ Will Proudly Continue to Support Critical U.S., Allied, and Partner Initiatives in the Quantum Technology Race Trusted Accredited R&D and Manufacturing • U.S.-based R&D and foundry facilities specializing in advanced process technologies • DoW Accredited: DMEA Category 1A Trusted Foundry accreditation • Broad portfolio: ASIC design, mixed-signal ICs, advanced packaging, and rad-hard solutions • Quantum specialized expertise and ability to integrate quantum networking, sensing, security, and infrastructure manufacturing Groundbreaking National Initiatives World-Class Combined Team Robert Cardillo Executive Chairman of IonQ Federal National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) Gen. Jay Raymond Former Chief of Space Operations United States Air Force | United States Space Force Dean Acosta Chief Corporate Affairs & Gov’t Relations Officer Lockheed Martin | NASA Thomas Sonderman CEO, SkyWater GlobalFoundries | AMD Onto Innovation Katie Arrington Chief Information Officer Department of War | Exiger Booz Allen Hamilton Rick Muller SVP, Federal Technical & Gov’t Engagement Lead IARPA | Sandia Ntl. Labs Brad Ferguson President, SkyWater Federal Cypress Semiconductor
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Copyright © 2026 IonQ, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 14 SkyWater Acquisition Follows Deliberate Strategy to Build and Accelerate Our Full-Stack Quantum Platform Vector Atomic ID Quantique Lightsynq Cybersecurity Networking Sensing Compute 1. Skyloom acquisition is pending close Capella & Skyloom 1 Oxford Ionics Copyright © 2026 IonQ, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Copyright © 2026 IonQ, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 15 IonQ + SkyWater: The Winning Quantum Platform Integrated Product Lifecycle: end-to-end design, manufacturing and delivery of secure quantum solutions Our Goal Remains: serve the market as the preeminent, global, quantum platform leader Revenue Growth: IonQ and SkyWater jointly remain focused on growth and capturing the market Copyright © 2026 IonQ, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Long-Term Margins: committed to capital efficiency and driving sustained margin expansion over time
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