Good morning, and welcome to the Match Group fourth quarter 2021 earnings conference call. All participants will be in listen-only mode. Should you need assistance, please signal a conference specialist by pressing the star key followed by zero. After today's presentation, there will be an opportunity to ask questions. To ask a question, you may press star then one on your telephone keypad. To withdraw your question, please press star then two. Please note this event is being recorded. I would now like to turn the conference over to Bill Archer, Head of Investor Relations and Corporate Development. Please go ahead. Thank you, operator, and good morning, everyone. Today's call will be led by CEO Shar Dubey and CFO and COO Gary Swidler. They'll make a few brief remarks, and then we'll open it up for questions. Before we start, I need to remind everyone that during this call, we may discuss our outlook and future performance. These forward-looking statements may be perceived by words such as we expect, we believe, we anticipate, or similar statements. These statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, and our actual results could differ materially from the views expressed today. Some of these risks have been set forth in our earnings release and our periodic reports filed with the SEC. With that, I'd like to turn the call over to Thank you, Bill. Good morning, and thank you all for joining the call today. You know, this past year has been remarkable for Match Group in many ways, even though the broader world has been a bit disorienting at times. As much as we'd hoped to be done with COVID in 2021, the recent Omicron surge is a reminder that we aren't quite at the end yet, although I sure hope we're close. Our business grew 25% in revenue despite the waves of Delta and more recently, Omicron. This latest Omicron surge has impacted peak season behaviors and dating sentiment in parts of the world. Because these surges have had varying effects on our business, I thought I would start by sort of level setting where our business is in the context of the pandemic. If you recall back in 2020, in the early days of the pandemic, our business took a hit during the global lockdowns, and it then stabilized by late spring. At that time, both user activity and propensity to pay slowly recovered. As we've dealt with different waves of COVID since, usually the mobility restrictions generally impact dating activity. Now fast-forward two years, while much of the Western markets, including the U.S., are seeing less and less impact to activity and propensity to pay with these ongoing surges, several markets, particularly in Asia, are still disproportionately impacted. Japan, for instance, has now dealt with three periods of state of emergency last year, all of which had a meaningful impact on mobility and general dating sentiment. There seemed to be a glimmer of hope after that last one was lifted. Again, Omicron has them back in a quasi state of emergency at least until February twentieth. All of this has led to a level of anxiety and fatigue, particularly in these winter months, and we're seeing the effects of this in Japan and parts of Asia. Now, beyond these geographic differences, as we've said before a few times, while active online daters and propensity-to-try metrics have largely recovered in Western markets, there is still a hesitancy among new users who have never tried dating apps before to break into the category. Now, these are usually largely driven by word of mouth, and that, of course, depends on normal levels of socializing, which hasn't yet happened. You know, if you've resisted online dating until now, the pandemic hardly seems the right time to start. This past year, we have seen periodic uptakes and new entrants when COVID is not dominating the news cycle, but by and large, that has not fully recovered in a sustained way. Unlike categories like, say, online groceries, for instance, where pandemic pulled forward new users, for us, non-users breaking into the category, even at a normal cadence, is still to come. We feel optimistic that if Omicron truly is what causes the shift from a pandemic to endemic, and if things do indeed return to more normal in spring and summer, we are well-positioned to be able to capitalize on it. We've made significant progress in building out our portfolio of products that appeal to different demographics and intent. We've innovated on many pain points, everything from trust and safety to more authentic discovery and getting to know each other experiences. We've been disciplined and measured in our marketing efforts given the macro climate, but we're ready with several creative and optimistic campaigns to re-energize dating sentiment as soon as we are in a new post-pandemic normal. You know, romance and love may be just the thing that shakes us out of this collective malaise. Now, Tinder, beyond a 22% revenue growth in 2021, Tinder released its biggest update since the invention of the swipe feature, and this was the launch of Tinder Explore. Explore provides singles with additional flexibility to expand use cases to more dimensions of discovery and social live experiences. Explore enhances responsiveness, offers surfacing and opportunity for regionally tailored experiences, has exciting media video dating hybrids such as Swipe Night, Wedding Dates, Festival Mode, and it's clearly had a productive start with almost 70% of users adopting this experience. The 2022 roadmap has many more enhancements planned, along with new monetization opportunities later in the year. Hinge has had an impressive year where they've more than doubled revenue. They're also seeing a strong start to 2022 in markets they've been around at, like the U.K. and Australia. The voice prompts feature they launched late last year has really resonated with users, not to mention the social virality this has seen. Turns out people's life goals, dating styles, and their best dad jokes are both entertaining and insightful. Our 2022 plan for Hinge to expand internationally beyond English-speaking markets remains intact. We're also making progress at Hyperconnect in stabilizing the core business, and we plan to return them to growth later this year. They have recently launched Azar Lounge, their live streaming feature, and Hakuna City, their interactive and immersive new discovery experience. They continue to experiment with Metaverse elements, both in dating and social discovery contexts. We've also successfully integrated Hyperconnect's live video and audio tech on a couple of our platforms, and the teams are making progress enabling our other brands to leverage their technology more broadly to build new immersive discovery and live experiences. While much remains to be done at Hyperconnect, we're actually very confident it is on the right track, and it is pushing us forward in a number of areas that are critical to our long-term growth. As I reflect on last year, what jumps out to me has been our ability to find opportunities in the face of uncertainty. Despite this latest Omicron surge and all the uncertainty it may create over the next couple of months, I am hopeful about 2022, how we're gonna use technology and innovate product experiences, tell our story with ever more creative marketing, and most importantly, profoundly change many more lives around the world. With that, I will hand it over to Gary to provide some color on the quarter and the full year. Thanks, Shar. We had a strong Q4 with total revenue of $806 million, up 24% year-over-year. In the quarter, the U.S. Dollar strengthened meaningfully against a number of global currencies, including the euro and the yen, which led to $12 million of year-over-year FX headwinds, excluding Hyperconnect. On an FX neutral basis, total revenue would have been $818 million, up 26% year-over-year. We did not anticipate about $9 million of FX headwind when we provided our outlook in early November. Our direct revenue grew 24% year-over-year. It grew 21% in the Americas, an acceleration from last quarter, 16% in Europe, and 46% in APAC and other. We did feel some COVID impacts on our business, particularly from the emergence of the Omicron variant, which severely reduced mobility in a number of markets starting in December. COVID continues to be a meaningful overhang on our Japanese business and in certain other markets. Total payers were 16.2 million, an increase of 15% from the prior year quarter. Growth was strong in all geographies, up 10% year-over-year in both the Americas and Europe, and 36% in APAC and other, which was aided by the acquisition of Hyperconnect. RPP was up 8% year-over-year to $16.16 in Q4. RPP was up a solid 10% in the Americas, 6% in Europe, and 7% in APAC and other. Tinder performed strongly in the quarter, delivering direct revenue of $444 million, up 23% year-over-year, an acceleration over Q3's rate. Tinder had payers growth of 18% year-over-year, adding 1.6 million payers to 10.6 million, and RPP growth of 4% year-over-year in the quarter. Tinder Platinum subscribers comprised approximately 13% of total Tinder subscribers, exceeding 1 million in aggregate. Tinder active user growth continues to be strong, with the brand achieving a record number of active users on its platform globally in 2021. Engagement on the platform also continues to be robust, with several KPIs such as daily swipes and messages at or near all-time highs in Q4. All other brands grew direct revenue 26% year-over-year in Q4, driven by 16% RPP growth and 9% payers growth. Hinge was the standout among this group, growing direct revenue approximately 90% year-over-year, driven by RPP growth of 60% to nearly $24 and reaching about 850,000 payers. BLK, Chispa and Upward in aggregate grew direct revenue over 70% year-over-year in Q4. Hyperconnect contributed about $50 million of total revenue in the quarter. The business saw improved performance in December compared to preceding months. It was also significantly impacted in the quarter by FX, especially against the Turkish lira, as Turkey is a large market for Hyperconnect. Indirect revenue reached $18 million, the highest ever in a quarter, up 12% year-over-year. This was off a very strong Q4 2020. Q4 operating income grew 9% year-over-year to $232 million for margins of 29%. Adjusted operating income, which we formerly called adjusted EBITDA, grew 18% year-over-year to $290 million for margins of 36%. Adjusted operating income margins would've been 2.5 points higher excluding Hyperconnect. Overall expenses, including SBC expense, grew 31% year-over-year in Q4, with slightly less than half the total increase resulting from the acquisition of Hyperconnect. Excluding the impact of Hyperconnect, cost of revenue grew 21% year-over-year, primarily due to higher IAPs and represented 28% of total revenue. Sales and marketing spend, excluding Hyperconnect, decreased $12 million as we pulled back marketing spend across our portfolio to maintain our ROI discipline in a crowded holiday marketing environment. That did have some impact on payers, especially at our marketing-heavy brands like Match. Sales and marketing spend was down five points year-over-year as a percentage of total revenue to 16%. G&A expense, excluding Hyperconnect, rose 38% year-over-year, primarily due to an increase in legal fees. G&A comprised 14% of revenue, up two points or $28 million year-over-year. G&A was less than we had anticipated as the former Tinder employee litigation came to a conclusion on December first. Product development costs, excluding Hyperconnect, grew 31% year-over-year and were 8% of revenue as we increased headcount at several brands, primarily Tinder. Our gross leverage declined to 3.7x trailing adjusted operating income, and our net leverage was 2.9x at the end of Q4, achieving the target of below 3x that we set at the time of our separation. We ended the quarter with $827 million of cash equivalents, and short-term investments on hand. We have agreed to pay $441 million to settle the former Tinder employee litigation and all related claims and arbitrations. We expect to pay this amount from cash on hand in Q1 2022. For full year 2022, we expect the company to deliver 15%-20% year-over-year growth, driven by another strong year for both Tinder, where we expect high teens year-over-year growth, and Hinge. Our outlook includes approximately $85 million of negative year-over-year FX impacts on total revenue. That's approximately $60 million worse than what we expected at the time of our last earnings call in early November, which is about two points of growth. In addition to the FX impact, our revenue growth outlook is more conservative than what we shared in early November due to continued COVID impact, especially in Asia, and particularly the rise of the Omicron variant, which is impacting us in the early goings of 2022. Keep in mind that we have a global business, and while we may be getting ready to move past Omicron in the U.S. and Europe, Asia still has to get through that period, so we expect our performance will continue to be somewhat impacted, likely until sometime in Q2. In aggregate, our 2022 revenue outlook has been reduced by about three points of growth since November due to the FX and COVID impacts. Our revenue outlook for 2022 also assumes momentum builds in the second half of the year. There remains much uncertainty about what happens next with the pandemic, but we have increased confidence that while the first part of 2022 may be tougher than we initially anticipated, the second half could be stronger. We're hopeful that once we get past the effects of Omicron, we could even have that summer of love that we'd expected back in 2021 after the vaccines were introduced. We expect overall company margins to be roughly flat, inclusive of Hyperconnect, which we expect to be better than breakeven in 2022. For the full year, we expect 50-100 basis points of margin improvement, excluding Hyperconnect, as we incur lower year-over-year legal expenses and lower fees on Google subscriptions, which we plan to partially reinvest in safety and CSR initiatives, as well as higher employee costs, given the ongoing war for talent. Note that despite Google's recent fee cut, which covered only subscription revenue, we actually expect to pay a greater percentage of our revenue to the App Stores in 2022 than in 2021 as more of our users come in via app. For instance, on our fast-growing Hinge app, most payers use iOS, and we pay a full 30% on that revenue. Our margin outlook reflects current App Store policies. Our outlook includes over $650 million of App Store fees in 2022, primarily to Apple. Our outlook does not include implementation of Google's previously announced requirement of mandatory use of its payment system starting in April of 2022. Were that to happen, we'd incur approximately $50 million of additional costs for the remainder of the year. Even though we're unable to forecast further change in App Store policies at this time, we remain optimistic that more changes to the App Store ecosystem are likely, and we will continue to update you. For full year 2022, we expect SBC expense of 175 million-$185 million, reflecting additional hiring and the continued competitive market for talent. CapEx of approximately $70 million, about $10 million lower than in 2021. An adjusted operating income to free cash flow conversion of approximately 80%, excluding the $441 million legal settlement. We do not expect to be a material U.S. federal cash taxpayer in 2022. We have initiative underway in countries where Tinder still offers age-based discounts to eliminate these discounts. These changes, which have begun in earnest in Q1, will impact Tinder payers beginning in Q1, but we expect these changes to be revenue neutral. For Q1, we expect total revenue for Match Group of $790 million-$800 million, which would represent 18%-20% year-over-year growth. We expect this to be driven by year-over-year payers growth in the low to mid-teens and year-over-year RPP growth in the mid-single digits, as is typical for us. However, the effects from Omicron could shift these metrics somewhat. We anticipate about $25 million of year-over-year FX headwinds in Q1, meaning that growth would be more than four points higher on an FX neutral basis. We expect Tinder's year-over-year direct revenue growth to be in the high teens in Q1, and that Hinge will remain on its growth trajectory and deliver direct revenue growth over 70% year over year in Q1. We anticipate that Hyperconnect will deliver revenue in Q1 at similar levels to Q4 2021. We expect adjusted operating income of 260 million-$265 million in Q1, representing margins in the low thirties% range, typical for a first quarter for us, despite about 2.5 points of pressure from adding Hyperconnect. Our company has all the ingredients to continue to deliver on our mission of helping people make meaningful connections through our technology. Tinder has an exciting product roadmap and a growing global user base to continue to convert. Hinge's product continues to gain traction, and the business has meaningful opportunities ahead, including in many international markets. There is so much we can do with Hyperconnect. Not only deploy their video and audio tech capabilities across our apps, but have them help us build exciting new Metaverse dating apps and immersive user experiences, which we can potentially make use of across our portfolio. Our financial performance is strong, with room to grow already best-in-class margins and potential app store reform benefits. We strongly believe that the next phase of our business is going to be very exciting. With that, I'll ask the operator to open the line for questions. We will now begin the question and answer session. To ask a question, you may press star then one on your telephone keypad. If you are using a speakerphone, please pick up your handset before pressing the keys. To withdraw your question, please press star then two. At this time, we will pause momentarily to assemble the roster. Our first question will come from John Blackledge of Cowen. Please go ahead. Great. Thanks. Gary, could you expand a bit on the margin expectations for 2022? Maybe go through the puts and takes of the margin guide. Then secondly, you know, kind of which markets outside of Japan are being, you know, kinda impacted by Omicron? Thank you. Sure, I'm happy to do that. You know, first of all, as I said, our outlook for margins for this year, inclusive of Hyperconnect, is that they'd be relatively flat, which we actually think is strong performance, especially in this environment, and Hyperconnect contributes over a point of margin headwind for the year. If you look through the puts and takes, we probably have a bit over two points, I would say, of margin improvement from legal expense savings and Google's reduction from 30%-15% on subscriptions. We're currently forecasting that we could reinvest more than half of that savings into hiring new people and in retaining our existing talent, especially in the very competitive market that we're operating in for talent right now. We also plan to reinvest some of the savings, a smaller portion, into important initiatives for us, including around CSR and user safety, where we're putting incremental resources. On top of that, as I said in my remarks, we're also spending a larger and larger portion of our revenue on App Store fees, given that more of our payers are coming in through the App Stores. That probably creates about a point or so of margin headwind for us, but we're offsetting that by operating leverage on the sales and marketing side. I'd say those probably wash out and are relatively neutral. Then the last kind of put and take that I would point you to is what I mentioned about Google's previously announced requirement to use their in-app payment system, which they're supposed to put into effect at the end of March. Frankly, it's really difficult for me to fathom Google making that policy change given all the legal and regulatory pressures that they're facing. Recall that they delayed this policy once before. They've made exceptions for it in certain markets. We'll see how that plays out. That's kind of my thinking around that at this point in time. Hopefully that's helpful on the margin side. I'm sorry, what was the second question around Japan and other markets? Yeah. Sounds good. Yeah, look, I would say, I mean, look, it's a little bit everywhere, right? You know, we're not back to normal, as Shar said. We're not seeing the strength in new users, yet. That is affecting the business everywhere. It's most pronounced in Japan. You know, where we have, you know, pretty significant shortfall in 2021 versus what we were expecting Japan to contribute. We have the number one and number two apps in Pairs and Tinder. So it's a meaningful number when you aggregate the effect on our 2021 in Japan versus what we were thinking. That's gonna carry through into 2022 because as Shar said, that market has nowhere near gone back to normal. Aside from Japan, you know, there's a couple of other markets in Asia. Korea is also very strictly enforcing restrictions around the pandemic, and so that's another market which has clearly not gone back to normal. There's other ones in Asia as well that are smaller for us. Even India hasn't fully bounced back as an example. It's better than it was at the depths, but it's improved meaningfully, but it's still down significantly from pre-pandemic. There's a number of markets, especially across Asia, where there are some lingering effects, but Japan is really the most meaningful one for us. Thank you. Okay. The next question comes from Justin Patterson of KeyBanc. Please go ahead. Great. Thank you very much. On Tinder Explore, those metrics you shared look really encouraging. How should we think about the product initiatives like Explore affecting the arc of Tinder growth over the next few years? Thank you. Hi, Justin. Tinder Explore, what it did, it allowed us to create a successful new surface area and experience without hurting the very efficient swipe machine. The goal now is to have new and personalized experiences that are fun, interactive, useful, and helping spark connections. You know, we've already got 70% of our users adopting the experience, and we're seeing high levels of engagement and likes, messages and conversations. Looking ahead, our plan is to continuously launch and feature a variety of novel and engaging experiences here. We talked about the Music Mode launch in the letter. Soon to come, for example, is going to be an experience that's a fun riff on the classic Blind Date experience. Explore, you know, also allows us to have geographically tailored programming. In Brazil, we're about to launch Carnival Mode on Valentine's Day. It's gonna be an Explore experience that allows members to opt in to match with others that are celebrating Carnival in their major cities like Rio, São Paulo, Salvador, et cetera. People can share their favorite parties, where they're traveling to. Carnival is the most important cultural moment in Brazil, and it's a moment that connects people. It's a great example of how Explore enables a fluid virtual to in-real-life experience. Additionally, as you can imagine, this new surface area with these Explore tiles also provides us opportunities for integrations with third parties to drive sort of new experiences in the app and offline. It gives people a reason to keep coming back and check out these new experiences. As this adoption and engagement on the surface area increases, it does provide new opportunities to us to merchandise revenue features, both existing and new revenue features. That's why we're so excited about this whole new surface area that we've created. The next question comes from Deepak Mathivanan of Wolfe Research. Please go ahead. Hey, guys. Thanks for taking the question. So just one, maybe for Gary. Can you give some color on monthly cadence on net payer adds in Americas and Europe during Q4? And was most of the declines in the month of December due to Omicron, and also maybe perhaps what you're seeing in January, so far. Kinda if you wanna add some color by brand, that would be great, too. Thank you so much. Sure. Happy to do that, good to hear your voice. First of all, I would just point out that, you know, as a general matter, it's not unusual for us to see kind of limited sequential growth in payers Q4 over Q3. Overall, the trend is not, you know, atypical for us. I would point out to a number of factors to think about as you look at the Q4 payers numbers and results. The first, which you rightly point out, you know, is Omicron, right? We saw it spike kind of in that early part of December, especially in some of the Western markets. You know, it did affect our payer numbers starting in December. There was a change in trend after Omicron burst onto the scene. That's, you know, a big part of what happened in the end of Q4. You know, we've called out many times kind of the lingering COVID impacts we see in some markets that haven't returned back to normal. Asia, particularly Japan. That's another factor around payers and the performance in Q4. Then I also mentioned that we had reduced marketing spend because we just couldn't hit our ROI hurdles, especially at some of our marketing-heavy brands. Match, as an example, and others of the established brands were impacted in Q4 as we pulled back on marketing spend to protect our return expectations. Those things, I think together are the key trends that we saw. You know, looking at Q1, we're not expecting a massive shift in some of those things. We still have Omicron lingering. We feel like we're getting closer to the end, but it continues to be an issue in a number of markets. As we said in the earlier remarks, it hasn't even really worked its way through the Asia markets, Korea, Japan. They've got the, you know, the hatches batten down to prepare for it, and that's going to affect people's behavior in those markets. While we're moving through it in the West, you still got to go through it in some of the Asian markets, and so that's going to be an effect here in early 2022. Hopefully we'll get through this and we'll have an inflection point in the pandemic and in the impact on people's social lives and dating. The only other thing, you know, which I just want to add is that, and we say this all the time, you know, we don't manage our results for specific payer growth or RPP growth or whatever. We're managing it for revenue growth. You know, we are making trade-offs all the time, you know, in terms of price optimizations and so forth. That does move the payer numbers around. I called out one in my remarks around discounting at Tinder that we're adjusting policies there. You know, you're going to continue to see us make those decisions that could have effects on payer numbers, but ultimately, we think are the right thing to do for the business and certainly to grow revenue the way we want to grow revenue. That's very helpful. Thanks, Gary. Sure. The next question comes from Lauren Schenk of Morgan Stanley. Please go ahead. Great. Thanks. I was intrigued by your comments that Hinge is on its way to become the second-largest global dating app within a few years' time. Could you talk about where you see Hinge RPP heading over the long term? How should we think about the 22% revenue growth for Hinge that's embedded in the full year guide? Thanks. I can take that, Gary. Okay. Hi, Lauren. You know, Hinge is one of the best designed product for what I call intentional dating. That sort of reflects in how rich the profile is, the way you consume them, the way you communicate on the platform. The team has kept innovating and pulling ahead of competition every year. You know, the way they've implemented audio, which, basic audio, for instance, but they did it in the form of Voice Prompts and how that became such a resonant and socially viral feature is an example of how they approach product development. This particular product, I think, has a pretty big resonance among a large segment of audience. It is differentiated in the market, and that's what gives us confidence about the international rollout. On monetization specifically, Hinge has made real progress on RPP, as you know, this past year, and we certainly don't think it's near its ceiling. Our expectation this year in 2022 is for Hinge to do over $300 million in revenue. It's going to be driven by both strong payer growth as well as continued growth in RPP. Great. Thank you. The next question comes from Brent Thill of Jefferies. Please go ahead. Good morning, Gary. On the second half recovery, I'm curious if you could just shed a little more of your plan on what the recovery looks like. When you talk about Japan, can you also just frame up for last year, what Japan did in growth and kind of what your expectations are? I believe that's your second-largest market. So maybe drill in a little bit in terms of how you're expecting that region to bounce back. Thanks. Sure. Happy to do that. So look, I would say that our outlook for right now is assuming that we gradually come out of the Omicron impacts, you know, by geography, first in the West, Europe and the U.S., and then ultimately in Asia. I think that's gonna take some time into the second quarter. It's a little hard to tell if maybe Asia handles things differently once they've seen what people have done over here. But right now, that's our assumption. As we come out of the Omicron impact, what we're assuming is that activity behavior goes back to pre-Omicron levels, but not back to pre-pandemic levels. You know, kind of the fog of Omicron lifts, and we go back to where we thought we were in October of last year, as opposed to where we were in, you know, in 2019, as an example. Now, that could be a wrong assumption because I don't know how people are gonna behave depending on how confident they feel, you know, how much of an end we reached of all this, let's say, sometime in the spring. That is a swing factor in our outlook. You know, we're not assuming a huge summer of love right now in our outlook. That would clearly provide upside or at least the ability to reach, you know, the higher ends of the outlook if that happened. I think it's entirely possible. I know a lot of people feel like, you know, as soon as we get to those warm summer months, there's gonna be a real big wave, but we're not forecasting that at the moment until we see some evidence that really this is over and that is how people are gonna behave. We'll have to wait and see. Right now we're, you know, more sober on our forecast because, you know, we've been head faked a few times, and it's been going on for a long time, and no one's had a great ability to predict, kind of what the pandemic brings and what the effects are. That's how we're forecasting. You know, we remain very optimistic that people are gonna wanna go out and date and socialize in big numbers once they feel the risk is down and they're ready to do that, and we clearly have not gotten to that yet. We're hoping it happens kind of in the summer months, spring and summer months, you know, remains to be seen. I would also just say, you know, on our forecast that we don't have a significant amount included for, you know, kind of key new initiatives. The Tinder virtual goods, as an example. We don't have a lot included for Hinge International, because those are really more 2023 items in our minds than 2022. To the extent we're able to accelerate some of those or we see bigger impact early on than we are currently anticipating, that could also be a swing factor on our second half on our overall 2022. Those are some of the puts and takes there. You know, we're trying to quantify how much Japan has cost us. As I said, we've got the number one and number two apps. You know, our Pairs app has felt you know, a significant amount of impact. Tinder has felt some. I don't have a great estimate, but it wouldn't surprise me if it's, you know, $35 million-$40 million of impact on our 2021 that we, you know, we would have seen that revenue had Japan been operating more normally. It is a big market for us. It's a big contributor. You know, the impact is pretty meaningful. You know, I don't think we're gonna get that recovery really in the first half of this year. You know, we'll see if we get it in the second half. Thanks, Gary. Yep. The next question comes from Ygal Arounian of Wedbush Securities. Please go ahead. Hey, good morning. Gary, in the letter you talk about the app fees, and you talk about some of the jurisdictions and some of what they're taking up to create fairness. Could we expand on that a little bit and what your expectations are as we move through the year? Then maybe a little bit more on Apple and Google. Sounds like you're not building in any expectation for changes in Apple's fees. Is that right? What's the process there to get to that 15% or whatever kind of agreement we might end up at? With Google, if they do change the structure on the workarounds for the fees, would there be any change to how you think about reinvesting those savings that you're currently seeing? Thanks. I'm not sure we caught all of that question 'cause there was a little bit of feedback on the line. Let me kind of take a shot at it. First of all, if we get the Google savings. We've talked about this generally on App Store, so you know, I wouldn't say it's just specific to Google, but obviously we're going to look at you know, how to deploy any changes they make. We have the ability to return some of that to customers in the form of discounting to them. We also will have you know, higher return on our marketing spend because we'll be paying less to the stores, and so we'll be able to spend more into marketing, which should enhance our growth. There's a number of things that we can do with any savings that we achieve, you know, from the app stores over time. You know, like we said, we remain optimistic that some of that's coming. You know, this is a slow process on the regulatory front. Right now we have not made any further assumptions around that, in our numbers for 2022. I can add more. I think you had questions about sort of what are the key legislations around the world. You know, there has been a lot of momentum on this issue. Mandatory IAP is now deemed illegal in South Korea and more recently in the Netherlands under both Dutch and, more importantly, EU law. It has been surprising to see Apple's response of non-compliance in these countries, despite the EUR 5 million per week fine they are now subject to in the Netherlands. More consequentially, here in the U.S., just end of last week, 35 state attorney generals and the DOJ filed an amicus brief supporting Epic's position and opined that decision was wrongly decided. Also this week, the Open App Markets Act that addresses App Store policies, including IAP, which seems to have bipartisan support in the Senate, is expected to move out of committee hopefully this week. You know, there's little that both sides agree to these days. The fact that this has such bipartisan support shows how unfair and inequitable some of these policies are deemed to be. You know, as Gary said, the timing of all of this regulation and legislative changes are hard to predict. The App Store fees are the single biggest expense line for us at the moment. They exceeded $550 million last year. They're gonna increase meaningfully this year. We remain optimistic that change is coming. Obviously there's a lot of good we can do with that in addition to margin expansion, reinvestment, et cetera. The only other thing I would add kind of on Google and its potential policy change is that, you know, Shar said you've got all these countries and jurisdictions saying mandatory IAP is not acceptable. It's illegal in Korea, et cetera. It seems very surprising to me that in the face of all that, Google would make a global change and make IAP mandatory on March 31. That just kind of defies logic to me. You know, they'll have to make the decision they make, and then we'll have to see, you know, kind of what makes sense in reaction to that. We'll see how that plays out over the next couple of months. That's how I sort of handicap, you know, just given where the winds are blowing, which are very, very clear. As Shar said, you know, the U.S. Senate subcommittee has taken up or is taking up a bill around this as well. It just seems very hard for me to believe that they would require people to use their payment system in that environment. We'll see how it plays out. Okay. That's very helpful. Thank you for the. Thank you. Sure. Thanks for the question. The next question comes from Alexandra Steiger of Goldman Sachs. Please go ahead. Great. Thanks for taking my questions. I have two on Hyperconnect. First of all, it's great to see that several brands have begun leveraging Hyperconnect's technology. Can you maybe walk us through the impact you've seen both from an engagement perspective but also from a cost savings perspective? And then to what degree can you also leverage Hyperconnect's monetization strategies and learnings across your portfolio of apps, for example, or especially at Tinder? And then maybe lastly, where do we sit in terms of, like, integrating Hyperconnect, the team, the company, and how should we think about any additional investments necessary, from here? Sure. Let me take a shot at that. Shar certainly can add. You know, first of all, we continue to make great progress working with Hyperconnect. We have a lot of confidence in the team and their innovation. Our teams are collaborating really well globally. We're learning from them. They're learning from us. It's really going well from that standpoint. We think they're very quick on product. They're innovative. You know, they move fast. That's all great from our perspective. In terms of investment, you know, we continue to look at that. We are investing and adding people to help them build some of the things that we wanna plug in across our apps. All of that is, you know, kind of baked into our numbers for the year. You know, I said Hyperconnect is gonna be better than break even with all that investment included. You know, we'll continue to you know, hopefully see margins improve from there, as we get the operating leverage on the investment and on their capabilities. In terms of kind of what's happened so far, just to give you some concrete examples. You know, we rolled audio and video rooms and one-to-one video chat using their technology onto two of our apps, Match and Meetic thus far. If you use the European business, Meetic, as the example, you know, what we call the Live Café with audio and video has been really well received by their user base. You know, usage of the features continues to grow. People are returning to engage with the product. The feedback is very positive. We're very excited about how that's all going. In fact, we're planning a major live event at Meetic on the technology for Valentine's Day. That's another good example of a you know an event that's coming up that uses the technology and to be current. That's an example of kind of engagement and how that's going. Meetic and Hyperconnect are continuing to build out capabilities and features working hand in glove. It's great not only for the user base, but also going well from a collaborative standpoint. At Match, if you wanna use that as an example, we did replace a third-party vendor's technology on the video side with Hyperconnect. Not only did that lead to some cost savings for us, but also, it means we have, you know, much more responsiveness to changes we wanna make, and things we wanna try. We think the product overall is much better using Hyperconnect. Having that in-house has led to not only cost savings, which you asked about, but also benefits in terms of the overall quality that we're excited about. When you look at both what's happened at Match and Meetic, with Hyperconnect technology thus far, we're extremely encouraged. What that's doing is it's leading us to have more confidence to roll that out on more of our apps. We're planning to bring that out into our Pairs app and a part of it into our Plenty of Fish app over the coming time. We'll continue to roll it out across the portfolio. As you alluded to, we are thinking about, you know, what we might do at Tinder. More to come on that topic. Obviously, you know, there's great potential there if we can find some things to leverage from Hyperconnect into the Tinder platform. We are looking at that. We think Explore provides a great place to try some of those features and technologies. Much more to come. I think from a collaborative standpoint, from a using their technology standpoint across our apps, things are tracking according to plan, if not maybe ahead of it, and it's really going as well as we could have expected. The next question. All right. Hopefully that answers your question. Yep. Go ahead. The next question comes from Shweta Khajuria Khajuria of Evercore ISI. Please go ahead. Okay. Thank you. Could you please comment or provide more detail on Tinder Coin? You talked in your letter about 12 markets that it's available, and you also earlier and on this call said you don't expect meaningful impact this year. Perhaps if you could talk about or frame, you know, what kind of contribution you can expect maybe 2023 and beyond, what do you think the future could look like? That'd be great. Just a quick follow-up on your comment on age-based pricing for Tinder. How should we think about payer growth and the impact on that even understood it's revenue neutral. Thank you. Maybe I'd start with the Tinder Coins and then Gary, you can jump in. Shweta Khajuria, the Tinder Coins is currently testing in 12 markets. The use cases are both for incentivizing certain core actions and also increasing access to existing revenue products. We are seeing some increased engagement and retention from these incentives. There's a bunch of testing going on various sort of monetization experiences. The plan is to accelerate the rollout in Q2 and be globally out by Q3. However, the biggest value of coins to us is its ability to power new economies such as the virtual goods. That is a whole new construct that we are hoping to be able to test in the back half of the year, and hence we're not counting on any sort of meaningful contribution to 2022 revenue. It's more a 2023 and beyond revenue contribution. In terms of the age-based pricing and changing that discount, first of all, that is done in certain large markets for us, like the U.S. that has been eliminated. The big one now that's happening in Q1 is in the U.K., and there will be a pronounced impact on payers in Q1 from that change in the U.K. that you're going to see. We are gonna move that through a couple of other European markets as well. Then there's a couple in Asia where we have to make those changes. I think New Zealand is another one. There's a handful. Some are smaller, some are larger. There is gonna be a noticeable kind of pronounced impact on payers at Tinder outside of the U.S., you know, coming in Q1 and it'll probably continue into Q2. Like I said, we'll manage that in a way that we think it'll be largely revenue neutral, but it will have some notable effect on payers in the beginning part of the year for sure. Okay. Thanks, Gary. Thanks, Shar. The next question comes from Mario Lu of Barclays. Please go ahead. Great. Thanks for taking the question. I was hoping if you could elaborate on what dating in the Metaverse looks like and within the smartphone in particular. Just, you know, wondering is it features like Hinge's voice prompt, more live video chats? Similarly, what, if any, would you consider technological advances that have been made within the phone with regards to dating? Yeah. I can take a shot at that. So you're right. Right now we're focused on the Metaverse as it relates to the experience on the smartphone, and not any other hardware-enabled experiences. So, that's to clarify. Now, you know, the technology that is relevant to our world is the one that allows us to create experiences online where people can meet each other, discover each other more serendipitously, in real time through shared experiences in a way that is more akin to how they would do in real life versus the profile sorting experience that exists today. That's sort of what Metaverse allows us to do and why we think that's relevant in our world. You know, imagine sort of a virtual club in the app where your digital self can walk around, check out live different rooms, they meet others listening to the same music, you can strike up a conversation with someone, you can tap and check out their full profile, you can like them, message them later. That's sort of how we envision the Metaverse experience leading to the dating context and the dating experience in our apps. Now, in terms of the types of underlying technology that's needed to enable these experiences, this is what the Hyperconnect team has been innovating on, right? Beyond just the real-time live low latency video audio technology that they have, there are additional technology elements. Everything from, you know, the pieces of the virtual human technology, the virtual world technology, also live audio and video connection based on location, connections that are based on locations on a map, for instance, and so on. That's hopefully gives you some clarity on how we're thinking about the Metaverse world. Great. Thanks, Shar. Our last question. Do we have time for one more? Our last question will come from Cory Carpenter of J.P. Morgan. Please go ahead. Thanks for the question. I just wanna circle back to Hyperconnect. Could you talk a bit more about what drove the stability in December across the Azar and Hakuna apps and just how you're thinking about the sustainability of that through 2022? Thank you. Yeah, I mean, I think, on you know, their performance, like we said, it did get better in December, certainly an improvement versus October and November, you know, despite the fact that we saw some real FX headwinds there. Some of that was rolling out a few things that started to show some traction, live streaming on Azar being one. You know, as I've said, we're focusing more on some of the Asian markets where we're seeing better performance despite COVID. I think the Asian markets, Korea, Japan, have been better for Hyperconnect than some of the Middle Eastern markets. We're adjusting focus. We're helping them in a few fronts, and that seems to be starting to pay off, both on the marketing side as well as on the product side. You know, we've had teams focused on this now for a little while, and so we're seeing improvement. They've innovated with some new product features that seem to be working. That's giving us some optimism going into 2022. More work to do. Right now, where our outlook still is for relatively flat performance in Q1 and Q2 on the Hyperconnect side. We think as these initiatives and more to come start to bear fruit, we'll start to see a re-acceleration of growth into Q3 and Q4 in the back half of the year. That, of course, you know, doesn't include all the great stuff they're doing for us across the portfolio, which is meaningful, as well. You know, we feel great about how Hyperconnect's going, and we know where there's more work to do, and we're very focused on it at this point. I think that that's it, given that we're getting close to the bottom of the hour. Really appreciate everybody joining for this call. I hope everyone stays well and safe out there, and we look forward to talking to you in the warm spring months in May, where we'll be looking forward to a great summer. Thanks very much. The conference is now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation, and you may now disconnect.