Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by. My name is Cherrelle, and I will be your conference operator today. At this time, I would like to welcome everyone to the NextNav Q3 2023 Earnings Conference Call. All lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise. After the speaker's remarks, there will be a question and answer session. If you would like to ask a question during this time, simply press star, followed by the number one on your telephone keypad. If you would like to withdraw your question, press star one again. Thank you. I would now like to turn the call over to Erica Bartsch. Please go ahead. Good afternoon, everyone, and welcome to NextNav's Q3 2023 Earnings Conference Call. Participating on today's call are Gary Parsons, NextNav's Chairman, Ganesh Pattabiraman, NextNav's Co-Founder and CEO, and Chris Gates, NextNav's Chief Financial Officer. Before we begin, please note that during today's presentation, the company may make forward-looking statements either in our prepared remarks or in the associated question and answer session. In particular, such forward-looking statements may include statements about NextNav's business plans, objectives, expectations, and intentions to drive growth in its 3D geolocation businesses and expansion of its next generation GPS platform, to maximize the value of its IP portfolio and spectrum, its international business, as well as NextNav's partnerships and the potential success thereof, NextNav's estimated and future business strategies, competitive position, industry environment, and other potential growth opportunities. These statements are based on current expectations or beliefs. However, such forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions, and other important factors, many of which are outside NextNav's control, that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. These statements may relate to, but are not limited to, expectations regarding our strategies and future financial performance, including future business plans or objectives, expected functionality of our geolocation services, anticipated timing and level of deployment of our services, anticipated demand and acceptance of our services, prospective performance and commercial opportunities and competitors, the timing of obtaining regulatory approvals, commercial partnership, acquisition, and retention, products and services, pricing, marketing plans, our ability to realize the anticipated technical and business benefits, associated acquisitions, and any subsequent mergers, acquisitions, or other similar transactions. Factors relating to our future operations, projected capital resources and financial position, estimated revenue and losses, projected costs and capital expenditures, and expectations about international markets, projections of market growth and size, including the level of market acceptance for our services, our ability to adequately protect key intellectual property rights or property technology, our ability to maintain our location monitoring, excuse me, location and monitoring service licenses, and obtain additional LMS licenses as necessary. Our ability to maintain adequate operational financial resources, including for research and development, or raise additional capital or generate sufficient cash flows, our ability to develop and maintain effective internal controls, our success in recruiting and/or retaining officers, key employees, or directors, expansion plans and opportunities, costs related to being a public company, our ability to maintain the listing of our securities on Nasdaq, macroeconomic factors and their effects on our operations, and the outcome of any known and unknown litigation and regulatory proceedings, as well as assumptions relating to the foregoing. Accordingly, forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing our views of any subsequent date, and we do not undertake any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date they were made, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws. Following our prepared remarks, the company will host an operator-led question and answer session. In addition, at the conclusion of today's call, a replay of our discussion will be posted to the company's investor relations website. With that, I'll turn the call over to NextNav's chairman, Gary Parsons. Please go ahead. Thanks very much, Erica, and good afternoon, everyone. Welcome to NextNav's Q3 Call. As Erica mentioned, joining me on today's call is Ganesh Pattabiraman, NextNav's Co-Founder and CEO, and Chris Gates, NextNav's Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. This past quarter saw significant progress on a number of our key initiatives, both on the spectrum front and with continued public safety and GPS resiliency efforts. You know, Ganesh will provide more detail on, like, individual contracts and government agency activities, but from an overall strategic perspective, I'm frankly pleased with the ongoing traction of our government and public safety efforts, both on the E911, you know, 3D geolocation front and with the growing consensus on GPS vulnerabilities and the true need for PNT or GPS resiliency to protect critical infrastructure. NextNav is the acknowledged leader in this area, and we see growing opportunities to expand that leadership position, both, both here in the United States as, well as around the world. A number of these resilient GPS or Position, Navigation, and Timing, PNT initiatives, are either demonstration programs or initial implementations that are expected to lead to expanded deployment in future phases... Chris will get into that in more detail in his section. Additionally, as we've shared in prior quarters, the specifics of some of these programs, including the contracting agencies, all remain confidential at this stage due to national security issues. But we will try to share as much insight as we can, consistent with those non-disclosure responsibilities. As the team will discuss in more detail, several of these opportunities involve partnerships, either with state and federal agencies or leading research universities, responding to RFPs or RFIs in advance of Executive Order 13905 finalization. From a purely political standpoint, it probably is worth reiterating the substantial bipartisan support that continues to exist for securing the nation's critical infrastructure and providing a resilient layer to GPS. Regardless of the continuing uncertainty in the federal government's, you know, overall budgeting process, there is clear support for current and even growing funding for these initiatives. We expect substantial revenue growth from this sector as we go through 2024. Next, on the spectrum front. On last quarter's call, you remember we announced the granting of an FCC experimental license and disclosed that we would design and deploy a 5G TerraPoiNT network in the Bay Area. We have now, in fact, now deployed a network in Palo Alto, California, capable of numerous 5G carrier bandwidth and power levels and have begun a formal testing program. We expect that those testing results will validate our ability to provide highly reliable 3D geolocation and resilient PNT capabilities using a 5G waveform, while simultaneously using the 5G signal for significant data throughput. We expect that testing program to be largely complete by the end of this year, following which we would expect to file for appropriate license waivers with the FCC to provide commercial service using these configurations. Overall, a solid quarter of progress towards our key strategic priorities. With that, let me go ahead and turn it over to Ganesh to go into more depth on the recent contract awards and our operational performance on government and public safety efforts, both with Pinnacle and TerraPoiNT services. Ganesh? Thanks, Gary, and good afternoon, everyone. It's been another productive quarter, and we're seeing growing momentum out of key partners and federal and state government agencies as the need for solutions tied to PNT resilience grows in importance. Notably, in September, we participated at ION, or the Institute of Navigation Conference in Denver, where we demonstrated our TerraPoiNT hybrid systems timing and 3D positioning capabilities, leveraging LTE signals from cellular operators. While at the conference, we were able to meet with government officials from the Department of Transportation, Department of Homeland Security, and Department of Energy, and other partners, and held very productive conversations. This reinforced our belief that the government is now actively moving from discussion towards tangible action phase. At the same conference, the Department of Transportation announced its complementary PNT action plan. The plan lays out the key milestones, timelines, and establishment of a PNT services clearinghouse or PNT marketplace. As part of this framework, we see DOT issuing RFPs in the coming months that would sponsor several initial implementations of resilient PNT systems like TerraPoiNT in critical infrastructure providers' equipment. This is to establish a framework for complementary PNT systems to operate in conjunction with GPS and GNSS systems that may be in operation today. A good example of this is in the telecommunication systems. We could see both GPS and complementary PNT systems-based timing to be integrated as part of the core infrastructure of the operator and to ensure that the two systems can function in a seamless manner. DOT also plans to establish a clearly designated clearinghouse for federal users and critical infrastructure operators. This would be a place to find a list of vetted and qualified complementary PNT providers like NextNav, to help advance their resilient PNT needs and procure services to be in compliance with Executive Order 13905, beginning in 2025. This is very similar to the federal acquisitions process, where a pre-vetted list of technologies is made available for different federal government agencies to procure against. Here, the intent is broader to not only affect federal government acquisitions, but also critical infrastructure operators and eventually commercial entities, too. In essence, what we see in 2024 and the early part of 2025 are funded initial implementations in various critical infrastructure use cases that will pave the way for wider adoption across the sectors. These timelines and frameworks are captured in our investor deck on slide five. As we noted last quarter, we're starting to see many state and federal agencies begin to take proactive steps toward building PNT resilience. As part of that strategy, I'm happy to report that we recently signed a contract to support the federal government in their PNT strategy. While we can't speak to the specifics of the contract due to the sensitive nature of our work, we can say that the project will leverage our existing infrastructure to provide persistent PNT characterization, initially in select markets around the country. Upon successful completion of this phase, we expect to expand our capabilities nationwide, and this would likely represent our largest contract to date. In addition, many state and federal agencies and critical infrastructure providers are taking steps towards commercial implementation of resilient PNT systems, using federally funded test beds, and in some cases, plans around commercial enablement in anticipation of procurement language for Executive Order 13905. For instance, we have submitted multiple proposals in partnership with state and local agencies, as well as research universities in areas as diverse as timing for land mobile radio systems with Texas, and automotive use cases with Ohio as part of SMART and cybersecurity grants sponsored by Department of Transportation and Department of Homeland Security, respectively. We expect to be notified of the status of many of these opportunities over the coming months and in the first half of 2024. I must add here that although the process of implementing the complementary PNT strategy is going smoothly within the departments and agencies, we do see a short-term impact from the current stalemate in Congress, including the release of procurement language in support of EO, Executive Order 13905. We now anticipate this order will be released in Q1 of 2024. However, we currently don't see that impacting either the overall 2025 implementation timeline or the grants to be issued in 2024. Turning now to our Pinnacle technology, we continue to see ongoing progress in the E911 and public safety domain. Notably, we recently announced an agreement with the Iris Flip Phone, which will be sold on Consumer Cellular, one of the largest MVNOs or mobile virtual network operators in the country. This is our first device with this carrier. Beyond this agreement, Verizon is continuing to expand its integration of Pinnacle services across devices on their portfolio, and we expect to reach double-digit device models with them in the coming months. With these arrangements, we are now co-contracted to be on five wireless carriers across the country, including the top four nationwide carriers. As we have shared before, we operate through different business models depending on the specific carrier. In some cases, we have agreements at the carrier level for all devices within their portfolio, or we just have a licensing model for each device, sold for the life of that specific device. Either way, these relationships put us in a clear leadership position in E911 and public safety domains. As we move forward, we look forward to bringing more adoption and integration of Pinnacle technology to additional devices. On the international front, with the U.S. government moving forward with initial test beds, we expect to see similar action from foreign governments as well. In Japan, the Japanese Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications is going through a public comment period on the spectrum, which is likely to be followed by an ICC or Information and Communications Council process. In Europe, the European Commission, as part of its recommendation on critical technology areas for EU's economic security, included PNT as a critical technology. This now leads to a consultation phase with member states before moving to the EU legislation phase. In the U.K., the British government recently released a PNT policy framework and a plan around PNT resilience. In all, we feel very energized by the activities we're seeing across the U.S. government and globally as the importance of PNT resilience gains traction. We believe we have a real opportunity to be a leader in this area, and the growing roster of partnerships and agreements is a testament to this fact. With that, I'll turn over to the call to Chris. Chris? Thanks, Ganesh, and good afternoon, everyone. Thank you for joining us for our Q3 Earnings Call. As both Gary and Ganesh highlighted, we made important progress in our efforts to expand the utilization of our spectrum licenses in the Q3, and are starting to see tangible results from the PNT resiliency programs underway in the federal government. With respect to our financial results, Q3 revenue increased 104% to $1.0 million, compared to 500,000 in the prior year period, primarily due to an increase in recurring revenue from technology and services contracts with commercial customers. Sequentially, revenue was up $200,000. Year to date, revenue decreased 15% to $2.7 million versus the prior year period, driven by decreased integration revenue, partially offset by an increase in recurring service revenue from technology and services contracts with commercial customers. Our operating expenses were $15.6 down from 18.4 million in the same period last year, with much of the difference due to lower stock-based compensation expense, partially offset by higher depreciation and amortization. Excluding stock-based compensation and depreciation and amortization, operating expenses were $10 million, compared to nine million in the prior period, and $10.3 million in the Q2 of 2023. Year to date, operating expenses were $46.3 down from 54.1 million in the prior year, with the reduction driven by the same drivers. Excluding stock-based compensation and depreciation and amortization, year to date operating expenses were essentially flat at $30. in the current period and $30.9 million in the prior year. Q3 net loss was $23.2 compared to a loss of 18.7 million in the prior year. The primary drivers for the increase were net interest expense of $1.7 million, and a change in the fair value of our warrant liability of $6.7 compared to net interest income of 0.3 million, and a change in the fair value of warrant liability of $1 million in the prior year. Year to date, net loss was $55.3 as compared to a loss of 27.6 million in the prior year period. Here again, the primary drivers were net interest expense of $1.6 million, and a loss associated with the change in fair value of our warrant liability of $9.8 compared to net interest income of 0.4 million, and a gain associated with the change in fair value of our warrant liability of $23.2 million in the prior year. Touching on our balance sheet, we previously covered the $20 million of additional senior secured notes, and I note that we finished the quarter with $97.1 million in cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments. Also included in that, included in that amount is $882,000 of warrant strike price exercise. As you may recall, the warrants we issued as part of our debt financing are only exercisable for cash and partially callable beginning in 2025. Whether called or exercised otherwise, these warrants may provide a source of additional liquidity as they did in the current quarter. As we've stated in the past, we continue to closely manage and refine our cost base as we build value in our assets and bring new customers into service. I'd also like to provide some additional insight into the revenue side of the federal and state government activities and process highlighted by Gary and Ganesh. The first contract discussed by Ganesh is in implementation, with an initial phase covering a limited number of metropolitan markets, with the potential to approach $500,000 through 2024, starting in the Q4 of this year. If a second phase is contracted, it would be expected to encompass a broader geographic area and could be our largest single contract to date, approximately an order of magnitude greater than the initial phase. While complementary PNT remains in the earliest stages of adoption, we are pursuing additional state and federal grant programs for 2024. Under these programs, and in partnership with federal or state entities, we will begin implementation of our complementary PNT services in support of different applications and use cases, as Ganesh highlighted previously. We expect per contract, per grant values in this phase to range from $100,000 to low millions, with durations between one and two years. This will set the foundation for service provision over longer durations, broader geographic areas, and substantially larger grant or contract amounts starting in late 2024, 2025. Finally, we anticipate incorporation into DOT's complementary PNT Clearinghouse, which, as Ganesh highlighted, should result in streamlined procurement of our services at the federal level beginning in 2025, and broader-based integration of our resilient PNT capabilities across federal, state, and critical infrastructure sectors in 2025 and beyond. Thank you, and with that, I'll hand the call back over to the operator for questions. At this time, I would like to remind everyone, in order to ask a question, press star, then the number 1 on your telephone keypad. We will pause for just a moment to compile the Q&A roster. Our first question comes from the line of Griffin Boss with B. Riley Securities. Griffin, your line is open. Hi, thanks for taking my questions. So, just first, can you give a little bit more color on where you're at with regards to the testing and collecting the requisite data for the FCC? I know you said you hope to finish this testing by the end of the year, but I guess what could happen that would push the testing process into 2024? Or what's your level of confidence that you can gather the appropriate data by then? Thanks for the question, Griffin. You know, obviously, that's the results of that testing, we won't prematurely announce. I mean, we'll announce it when we essentially include the results of that with the filings we'll make with the FCC. So at least from your own planning purposes of when we'll be public about that, that's when we would do that. And, you know, it, I quite frankly, am very pleased with how quickly we were able to both secure approval from the FCC for the changes that we requested for the experimental license. And then also, I mean, I know you guys have been around telecom operators turning up networks and 5G networks. Our ability to actually design it, procure the equipment, and get it in place there in the Palo Alto area over literally a three or four- month process, I'm very pleased with. So, you know, the network itself has only turned up, and we're in the process of testing. That testing, and you can, if you reviewed our experimental license, approvals from the FCC, you'll see that we're actually gonna be testing a number of different configurations, including eight contiguous, as we've talked about before, which could be used as, say, a supplemental downlink configuration or 5MHz bands at the lower end of our band. The middle and the upper end of our band will be looking at different power levels, including the existing power levels that we're authorized for, as well as higher power levels that we believe we can still do without creating undue interference to neighbors. So it's a pretty good combination of testing programs. So, you know, I don't want to. That's why I said largely complete by the end of the year. That's what we're hoping to do. If we see results from that that cause us to want to change power levels, duty cycles, whatever else it may be, then it could trickle over, you know, a little bit more than that. But it's going on at a pretty good pace, and we're pleased with where it stands right now. Again, I won't comment on the results of that testing until it's complete, and we do make the necessary filings with the FCC. Sure. Yeah. Okay, that makes sense. And so, would there be a delay, let's say, like, in terms of the end, the, whenever you complete testing, would you expect to file the, those filings with the FCC immediately? Or, you know, are you working on those concurrently, or, is it gonna take some time in order to- Eh, eh, Put this together? Let's see. As immediately as possible. You know, clearly, we are working on those filings already, you know, so we are doing that on a parallel basis as what we would expect to file. But as you can imagine, some of the actual finalization of, you know, what we would request and how we would best like it configured is gonna depend on the results of the testing. So, you know, we will have to wait to get the final of that into place before we finalize the thing. But, you know, candidly, I think it's something that would not take too much longer beyond the completion of testing before we actually put in. And also likely to be a license waiver. I know some people have talked about doing petitions for rulemaking and going through a notice of proposed rulemaking. That may be required. The FCC may require us to do that, depending upon how extensive the waiver request might be. But we also think, you know, it's not a major lift to have some of the changes that we're looking to have, and some of those may well be able to be done at bureau level through a waiver process. So those are not things I can give you a hard and fast and firm answer to right now. But I don't think, for example, it's multiple months of writing up an FCC request following the testing. I think it would happen pretty quickly after the testing completion. Got it. Okay, understood. Thanks, Gary. And then, so shifting gears, it's nice to see the DOT's action plan. I guess, were there any surprises with that plan that you saw, whether, you know, that'd be timing of milestones or just general outline? Was it consistent with what you would have expected? Ganesh, you want to take that? Yeah, I can take a stab at that. No, I think the timelines, I think we, as we had described in, I think, the previous call, we did expect once the implementation guidelines released, they would go through the sort of the broader federal regulatory approval process, and which could take, you know, 12-18 months. And so it does line up with the 2025 timeframe, so I don't think that was much of a surprise there. I think we were happy to see that the DOT actually is implementing or encouraging industry to adopt resilient PNT solutions and do tests in the 2024 timeframe. So when the rule implementation guidelines are more broadly adopted, then you have some baselines to go with. This concept of the clearing house certainly was, I think is a positive addition to the process because it creates a framework for more expeditious and wider adoption once you're part of that framework. So I think overall, it wasn't the timelines weren't too much of a surprise, but certainly some of these additional features that they added as part of the implementation plan were positive. Understood. Thanks for that, Ganesh. Appreciate it. I'll jump back in the queue. Thanks for taking my questions. All right. Thanks. Your final question comes from the line of Timothy Horan with Oppenheimer. Tim, your line is open. Thanks a lot. Sounds like you're making a lot of progress. Can you just talk about what's the government's ultimate goal here? Are they looking to create like a, you know, a GPS-type system that's free, that they fund, that anyone can use? Or is it, and would it be nationwide, or are they just, you know, looking for maybe just government users and first responders to use? You know, what do you think they're ultimately looking to do? You know, I'll let Ganesh get into it- Yeah ... because that is essentially a part of the business that he is very, very intimately involved in. But just on an overarching way, I don't think that they're wanting, for example, I mean, they fly their own GPS satellite constellations, and they provide GPS for free, okay? And that's used by critical infrastructure for timing and certainly by consumers for location and other things of that nature. I don't think they're looking to provide a secondary terrestrial one that they would own, and they would provide. That hasn't been in the past. I think that they want to do everything that they can possibly to make it, to encourage industry to do it, and for government users to be able to be the initial users of it, to start that process. But eventually, they want critical infrastructure to hold them responsible for, you know, having resilient enough systems that if GPS were to have problems, their overall critical infrastructure would continue to perform. And one of the key, you know, wedges that they have in order to achieve that is by requiring people that are bidding on government services, you know, to prove that they can do that, that they have adopted the technologies to make it happen. So, you know, I never say never when it comes to the government, but I don't envision a situation where, you know, they contract with us to stand up a terrestrial PNT system. I think they do recognize, and the DOT testing back a couple of years ago showed, you know, there are places that, you know, different technologies provide a different or better service or capability. You know, we talk sometimes about the eLORAN, the old LORAN networks that were principally used by, you know, mariners, and that's great for out over the oceans. I mean, we don't have beacons out there, you know? And the same thing with satellites, like the Satelles system. That's great more for rural areas or even some suburban areas, but it doesn't get deep inside buildings. So I think the DOT testing and the government writ large understands that for them to provide their own complementary PNT capability, it would require deployment of a variety of different technologies. You know, a terrestrial build-out, I don't think that's in the cards. I think that they may- Yeah ... encourage it. They may build out certain ones, and here, I think Ganesh can maybe kick in to start talking about some of the sandboxes or initial trials and pilots they're doing. Yeah, they will be funding those deployments. Yeah. So I think, Tim, as Gary mentioned, I mean, I don't think there's an appetite in the government to stand up another another system that back up to GPS simply because there isn't really one answer that fits all, right? I think GPS, and from that perspective was somewhat unique. And I think we're at a point where there is different applications have different needs, and as Gary mentioned, eLORAN is perfect for the maritime and ocean types of applications, but it's not going to fit into your cell phone and certainly doesn't, won't work in urban areas as well. And I think there's also a growing recognition that going from one point of failure to another would be a bad system choice. So, I think the government wants to have multiple, technologies providing PNT resilience, and that was part of the recommendation from the Department of Transportation. And I think ultimately what the government's trying to do right now is really be the first customer for resilient PNT systems across the entire federal government, enterprise. And it's not, you know, it's not specific sectors, et cetera. They want this across the board. The government does recognize that they're not a large purchaser of these types of systems. And so the hope is that by, being that first adopter, they can encourage other critical infrastructure providers, wireless operators, electrical grid suppliers, et cetera, to also adopt these resilient PNT systems. Because it's very clear from what's happening on, around, from around the world, be it the Ukraine conflict or the Israel-Hamas situation, GPS jamming is a standard feature now across the board. I think we saw it, you know, in the, the beginning of October sixth, and we've continuously seen more activities around that. And so there's a level of urgency to make every industry more resilient to it. And that's where these test beds come into place, where they want to see the end systems being implemented in the, you know, the ultimate application, be it in a mobile phone, or in an automotive, or in an aviation use case, or the electrical grid, and telecom systems. And that's what really the focus of the next 12-18 months is going to be. And beyond that, the hope is once the Executive Order 13905 is in place, that it will get adopted across the federal government enterprise, and then it will also spread into the critical infrastructure sectors. And from there, the hope is it gets to the mass market commercial applications also. And the important thing is the government, through the various funding sources made available through the infrastructure bill, and now maybe more directly through the Executive Order, is willing to fund those end-user implementations, both at the trial phase or the initial implementation phase, and to some extent, at the more wider adoption phase. Because they do recognize that, in the absence of that funding, it is difficult for critical infrastructure vendors and others to adopt a system when they have a free system that GPS already provides. So I think there is a recognition of that, and that is where some of these grant programs come into place, is they're being used to grease the skids to facilitate and enable quicker and faster adoptions. So, you know, let's say everything goes really, really well. I mean, how large of a customer can the government be in four or five years as this is built out? Or, you know, how much money could you receive annually from the government, do you think? I mean, that's- Chris, do you want to take that? Not clear right now. I mean, but I think we can certainly say that with the intention where we're seeing that it be across the, you know, the federal enterprise. I mean, it touches right from, you know, the FAA procuring systems to the Health and Human Services for emergency services, then getting into all the critical infrastructure providers, the telecom operators, the electrical grid folks. All of those users, if they have a need for either timing or position or navigation, would be required to have resiliency. And that obviously can grow to be a very large order of magnitude revenue source for us. I mean, we're already seeing initial elements of that, with our, you know, government contract that we just signed. In this current phase, it's, it's relatively a nominal amount, but if this phase goes, goes to the second phase, that could be our largest contract just in a matter of, 12 months. And, and that can, you know, start dominating, more broadly as, as 2025 kicks in. Got it. And, sorry, just last question. Any updated thinking on the highest, best use of the spectrum and technology? I mean, you know, do you think you would build out this network yourself and then charge for usage on it, or, you know, does it make sense to sell, you know, sell? You know, I'll go ahead. Yeah ... and take that one. Yeah. I mean, yeah, I'm always, you know, reluctant to just speculate too widely, because depending upon who it is that you may partner with, on it, there are different configurations which may be more desirable to one player versus another. You know, I have mentioned supplemental downlink is a very important one, but also, if you're able to get two-way capabilities, it opens up other potential partners. My own guess at this point, and I always hate to caveat as being a guess, is that we wouldn't build it out. I think there's enough, particularly if we're dealing with one of the major carriers, it's far more likely that you would lease them the spectrum and have them build it out. You know, we would still be responsible, obviously, for providing the full PNT and E911 services because that's an essential part of the function that the government wants us to do. It's why we think that the government will be very favorably looking at what we will want to do because we are providing a very critical national security service. But I think because of that, the most efficient way would be either leasing or even if it was for an upfront, you know, one-time payment for a multiyear lease. That may be the best way it would be done. I don't see, it's not that you couldn't envision scenarios whereby we would build it out, but I don't think there's any chance we would do that without a contracted party that was going to use it. I mean, we don't see ourselves right now as trying to, you know, create another nationwide carrier or something like that. You know, the spectrum is very- Yeah, no, that's a great point. Do you have a sense of how easy it would be for, you know, a carrier to add this onto their existing infrastructure? I mean, they seem to be doing a lot more carrier aggregation and a lot more software. Well, absolutely. It and carrier aggregation is absolutely the element of why I mentioned that either a supplemental downlink or even a supplemental uplink, keyed with other existing spectrum is more of your likely implementation. Yeah, it's a lot more of that being done today. And what configurations we are able to create and what power levels we're able to create will have a direct bearing on how easily it can be incorporated into, say, an existing carrier's rollout plan. So probably not much more I can say on it at this point in time. Likely, when we do make our filings with the FCC, you'll get a, you know, a far greater granular visibility into what we think we'll be able to pull off. But yeah, I mean, we think there's undeniable spectrum value there if utilized as a 5G data carrier. But exactly what configuration and what other spectrum it might be paired with in a network are things that we probably won't opine on today. Yeah. Yeah, got it. But that's really, really helpful. Thanks a lot, guys. Good Good luck. At this time, there are no further questions. I'd like to turn the call back over to management. Well, thank you very much, operator, and we certainly appreciate everybody, you know, dialing in today. And I hope you'll see, I know we normally kick off these calls saying, "Hey, here are our three strategic priorities." It's, you know, to solidify our leadership position in 3D geolocation and PNT resiliency, to develop fully our spectrum assets to their highest and best use, and commercial potential on that, and to expand our global reach. I think hopefully you'll see out of today's call, you know, we made significant progress on all of those this quarter. And once we complete our testing program and are able to file with the FCC, hopefully you'll see far more progress on that front as well, too. So again, thanks everybody, for your participation today, and we look forward to speaking to you again on our end-of-year call.