Good day, and thank you for standing by. Welcome to the Bank OZK Q4 2021 earnings conference call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. After the speaker's presentation, there will be a question-and-answer session. To ask a question during this session, you will need to press star 1 on your telephone. Please be advised that today's conference is being recorded. If you require any further assistance, please press star, then zero. I would like to hand the conference over to your host today, Mr. Tim Hicks. Please go ahead. Good morning. I'm Tim Hicks, Chief Credit and Administrative Officer for Bank OZK. Thank you for joining our call this morning and participating in our question-and-answer session. In today's Q&A session, we may make forward-looking statements about our expectations, estimates, and outlook for the future. Please refer to our earnings release, management comments, and other public filings for more information on the various factors and risks that may cause actual results or outcomes to vary from those projected in or implied by such forward-looking statements. Joining me on the call to take your questions are George Gleason, Chairman and CEO, Brannon Hamblen, President, Greg McKinney, Chief Financial Officer, and Cindy Wolfe, Chief Banking Officer. We will now open up the lines for your questions. Let me ask our operator to remind our listeners how to queue in for questions. Our first question comes from the line of Catherine Mealor with KBW. Your line is open. Please go ahead. Thanks. Good morning. Good morning, Catherine. I just thought we'd start with the margin and the level of minimum interest and other fees that we saw this quarter. Appreciate all the detail you gave about it in the management comments, but just trying to think about how we think about this next year. If you're saying that paydowns are going to be elevated till next year, is this a level of, you know, accelerated fees that we could still see into next year? Or is there really anything kind one-time or temporary in nature about what we saw this quarter? Good question. The answer is yes, no, and all of the above, I think. You know, we had an exceptionally high level of minimum interest and fees on short-term renewals and extensions this quarter. As we articulated that in the previous 2, it had been about $6 million a quarter, which is a pretty healthy rate itself, and jumped up to $22 million in the current quarter. Clearly, that was you know, even $16 million over what had been a healthy level in the earlier quarters of the year. We expect good income from that sort of source in 2022, because we will have another strong repayment year. More of those repayments are on their normal cycle of loans that are going kind to their full natural term and getting back on a normal cycle. It's very unlikely that we'll have a quarter that would approach the quarter just ended. If we had the $6 million quarter run rate for all of 2022, we would consider that a positive. You know, I think when you're trying to calculate your run rate, you know, as a starting run rate for our net interest income, you definitely need to take out that $16 million. We mentioned in the management comments, Catherine, that we also had a really healthy level of PPP loan income, another $1 million-plus in the quarter just ended. That's going to go away in another couple of quarters because we're just about through that PPP resolution collection process. Our special assets guys did a fabulous job in the quarter collecting a bunch of purchase loans, including some loans that have been charged off, you know, at or prior to those acquisitions and so forth, and fully collecting those. So we had a lot of interest income, another $1 million or so there. Really, I think probably our net interest income for the quarter just ended was, you know, $18 million-$19 million above what, you know, would be a more typical normal run rate for the quarter. Kudos to our staff, our special assets guys for the great job they did in collecting a lot of those assets. We have a really gifted, talented special assets team, and they deserve credit for that. Kudos to our government-guaranteed lending guys for the work they did on the PPP program. Kudos to our RESG guys for their real expertise and very, thoughtful and intentional structuring of loans so we can achieve those kind of minimum interest and payoff numbers. Those things were always nice to get, but, we had an exceptionally good quarter of those in Q4, and it would not be prudent to bake those in any sort of run rate. Got it. That's really helpful. Maybe a follow-up on that is just on core loan yields outside of that. If we back out PPP and the minimum interest, I'm getting a loan yield of about 5.28%. You also mentioned in the management comment that new loan yields are coming in lower than, you know, where the portfolio is yielding today. Is any guidance you can give us on how big that gap is today and where the core loan yields may bottom before we start to benefit from a rising rate environment? You know, we're seeing new loans originated probably everywhere from, you know, on an extreme low side, 2.5% loan rate to, you know, 6% on the high side. Definitely, you know, if you look at that range where the new loans we're originating are at lower rates than the loans that are paying off. Now, there's a flip side to that, and that is that as you can see on page 15, I think it is, of our management comments documents, a lot of our current loan portfolio will not reprice instantly when the Fed starts raising rates because the loans are at floor rates that are substantially above the formula rates now. You can see, we give you a very detailed table that shows how many loans are at their floors at every quarter point increase in rates. That table is getting better and better. Those bars to the right are getting lower every quarter as we replace old loans that had floor rates that were much higher with new loans that are, you know, with a formula that's very near their current floor, with old loans that had floor rates that were much higher. The new loan portfolio that is being originated that's replacing the old higher rate stuff is more rate sensitive, and hence will adjust more quickly when rates rise. You know, depending on how much and how fast the Fed raises rates, the fact that we're originating loans that today have a lower rate than the loans that are paying off, the Fed may help mitigate that by raising the rates on those variable rate loans. The new ones are pretty much all right at their floor rate on the formula right now, so they'll adjust quickly. It's hard to know the timing of Fed rate increases. It's hard to know the magnitude of Fed rate increases. You know, I'm hearing guys talk from 2 to 7 rate increases this year. Well, who knows? I mean, who knows? It's hard to know that. If we do get more Fed rate increases, it will help us mitigate the impact of the fact that newly originated loans have formula rates lower than the r-loans that are paying off with those floors. The other thing I would tell you is we're keenly aware that we've got to have more volume to generate more net interest income going forward, and our guys are doing a really good job on working their pipelines and creating good opportunities for us there. Great. All very super helpful. Thank you so much. Thank you. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Timur Braziler with Wells Fargo. Your line is open. Please go ahead. Hi, good morning. Good morning, Timur. Good morning. Hi, it's nice to see the momentum building in RESG. Maybe talk a little bit about some of the broader trends you're seeing, which verticals that growth is coming from. Have some of the larger metro cities started to re-engage, and what the typical size of a product you're putting on today is? All right. Timur, I'm going to let Brannon Hamblen take that question since he's on the front lines of that every day. Timur, good morning. Thanks for the question. You know, we've got some really positive trends, and we obviously noted in the results from Q4. In terms of, you know, the what and the where, it continues to be coming from all directions. Each of our LPOs, the guys are just doing a phenomenal job of getting out there and quoting and winning loans. Some with sponsors that we've done a lot of business with and some we've never done business with. So, you know, we've talked many times about the advantage our capital position gives us in terms of doing a lot with those we really like and reaching into other opportunities on different and even larger loans. The guys are doing that. They're continuing to originate, you know, across a spectrum of size. In terms of what, multifamily is still probably the dominant property type. You know, and life science we've talked about a lot was probably behind that in Q4. After that, it's pretty evenly distributed across various property types. In terms of where, you know, we are seeing opportunities around, not necessarily in the middle of San Francisco, but, you know, in different directions from there as you're seeing a continual move of, you know, the FAANG big employment drivers moving out of the core but near. We're benefiting a lot of opportunities in the Bay Area. Did some good business in New York in Q4 as well. You know, we comment on New York and that portfolio and how it's been drifting down over time. You know, but it's a very active market, as evidenced both by payoffs we see there, but new originations as well. Really across the country, we're continuing to see a really diverse opportunity and increasing volume of it as evidenced by our Q4 results. Brannon, let me add, and correct me if I'm wrong on this, but we're probably also seeing the broadest range of opportunities on larger mixed-use projects than we've seen in quite some time, and maybe ever. We're looking at, you know, some of the loans, the loan opportunities that would be our largest loan opportunities ever that we think we've got a good shot at getting in and getting closed. That volume of really large, complex, mixed-use projects that we're looking at could have some fairly significant implications for our volume in later in 2022 and 2023. Absolutely the case. As I've alluded to in our continual and consistent strategy of keeping our capital levels where we are, I think that's going to come in play in a big way in the foreseeable future. Of course, those mixed-use deals are the ones that tend to be the large ones that give us great quality, great diversity, great leverage levels and of course, great sponsorship. I would also add to that, you know, Brannon mentioned the Bay Area as being a significant source of growth. We're also seeing some really excellent opportunities in Southern California, L.A., and San Diego area. Of course, we continue to have a lot of opportunities in Florida. The portfolio is just getting more diverse. You know, we're there with New York coming down in volume, and I think you'll see New York at some point in this next year possibly begin to turn back north in volume. You're going to see us do some nice originations there for sure in New York. We've got a lot of paydowns coming in New York, so it's goinh to be a horse race between the originations and the paydowns to flip that 1. We're doing much more business in all sorts of other markets across the country. There's a table that we put in a few quarters ago in our management comments just to kind of highlight the number of MSAs in which we operate and that growing diversification of the portfolio. We think that's a real positive thing as well. Okay. That's great color. Thank you for that. Then maybe just adding to that, I noticed in the management comments that the expectation for origination in 2022 is to outpace 2021, but notice that you stopped short of expecting a record there versus the expectation for record payoffs. I guess, is that conservative just given the timing of some of these transactions? I guess maybe just if you can put any kind of parameters on that'd be great. You know, Timur, what I would say about that is, we, as we sit here today, we definitely expect a strong origination year for 2022. There are a lot of factors that would cause us to not wanna get out over our skis in terms of what could happen, you know, 6, 9, 12 months away. As we sit here today, I'll just stick with the script, it's going to be strong origination volume. You know, we really saw a build last year that's continued. It's not weakened. You know, we have probably, you know, the payoffs that we project are a natural maturation of the portfolio and those things would probably happen. I'm going to stop short of saying any records in originations next year. I like where the year shapes up for us right now, based on you know, especially some of the things we talked about in terms of new opportunities and markets that are really opening up. You know, sponsors that we've not done business with before that we're you know, the guys are signing up and loans of size. Between the velocity and the size, new opportunities, the originations in 2022, we're feeling very positive about. Okay. I appreciate that. Thank you. Last for me, just kind of rounding out the topic. Can you remind us what the typical timeframe is from a loan being originated to the borrower starting to draw on that line, and then finally the loan being repaid or purchased out? Great question. Like so many others, it's a complex question. I would say sort of the mean that you could think about would be, you know, anywhere from 12 to 18. On larger loans, maybe 24 months. You know, if you've got just a large project that's going to take longer, it's going to take longer for the equity to get in. I would also tell you that a lot of our loans, we originate with an initial funding that's of a meaningful size but based on a low leverage on the land value. This type sizing. While our full funding does take a number of months to get to where we can appropriately structure some funding initially, we do that, and that is a common occurrence in the portfolio as well. Okay. The time for refi or purchase out? I believe our latest average was around 34 months. I don't have that number right off the top of my head, but it has stayed historically. You know, it lengthened out a bit in COVID, but it's, you know, going to start coming back in as the various, you know, economic factors influence that, of course, with with rates moving, but in combination with already, you know, a lot of our portfolio being matured and or not in terms of its loan term, but just, its evolution, you're going to see, you know, that's 1 reason that we're expecting perhaps another, you know, record year of payoffs. I would say in the 33 to 36 month time frame is what we've seen historically. Great. Appreciate all the color and next quarter. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Stephen Scouten with Piper Sandler. Your line is open. Please go ahead. Hey, good morning, everyone. Morning, Stephen. Appreciate the color, Brannon. I wanna dig a little deeper on some of what you just noted, and I know you said you don't wanna get too far off script, given who knows what happens 6, 9 months from now. If I think about, you know, $13.5 billion in unfunded commitments, let's call it $9 billion in new originations that seem possible next year versus maybe $7 billion-$8 billion in repayments that are going to be higher than this year, it seems like the potential, even over the timeline of funding that you just laid out is, you know, $22 billion-$23 billion of, you know, fundings versus maybe $7 billion or $8 billion of repayments. Even if I kind of do a weighted average over that unfunded book and the new originations, it seems like the growth potential here in 2022, just in RESG, let alone, you know, indirect auto and community banking that seems to be turning the tide, is pretty attractive. I wanted to know if I'm missing something or I'm thinking about that the wrong way or. Yeah, I would, Stephen, let me jump in there on that. You know, the $13 billion in unfunded commitments, those loans will fund over 3 years, for the most part. A little tail of that may drag out even into a year four. You can't assume that $13 billion's going to fund next year, and you can't assume that much of what we originate in 2022 is going to fund in 2022. When you think about our origination volume for 2022 and our unfunded commitments, yes, all things that, you know, 90% or plus or minus of those things will fund over time, that's going to fund over several years. We do expect a significant level of originations in 2022. We expect a record level of payouts, payoffs most likely in 2022. We think that is a net positive number. You know, your assumption that a lot of our originations from this year are going tk fund this year and all or most of our unfunded commitments are goingrto fund this year is way too optimistic. We expect positive net loan growth next year, but those uncommitted and to be originated amounts in RESG will fund over several years. Does that help? Got it. Yeah. I wasn't trying to suggest that entire amount. I was thinking if 40% of that $23 billion funded, then you're talking, you know, $9 billion versus maybe $7.5 billion in repayments. It still seems like a kind of attractive, Yeah. plus minus scenario. You know, that's a plausible scenario. I'm not saying that's our guidance. Sure. That's a plausible scenario, yeah. Okay. Hopeful. Thank you. I thought you were suggesting we were going tj fund all that. No, I wish, that'd be great. No, I know that's not how it works. I just wanted to dig back. I know, George, you referenced figure 15 earlier, and I did notice that there was a pretty meaningful improvement there as you guys originate more new loans, and there's less at the floors. I'm curious if you could give some more color about what that does to your overall asset sensitivity in an up 100, 200. It seems like that would have made a decent dent there and just kind of as you guys lay out those assumptions, what you're looking at from a deposit beta perspective, especially given that you guys don't have quite as much liquidity build as probably some of your peers have seen. Yeah. Well, every month as we originate new loans and have old loans pay off, and there's a lot of velocity on both sides there, that graph on page 15 gets better. They're really 2 graphs. 1 is total commitments, and 1 is the actual funded balances. Since the older loans tend to be more funded and the newly originated loans tend to be more in the commitment phase, you can see the delta between those 2 graphs, and that kind of gives you a visual image of how new originations are moving those bars to the right down, which is what we want, and payoffs of old originations are moving those bars to the right down. That is positive for the asset sensitivity of the portfolio, and that is getting better literally every month. We're pleased with the direction of that. You know, if we can get those numbers more favorable before the Fed starts raising rates, that just makes the portfolio benefit more right at the outset from those 1st rate increases. We would hope to see further improvement between now and March, which seems to be the predominant expectation on when the Fed's going to start raising rates. That's helpful. The deposit beta question is a great question, and over on page 33 of our management comments document, we give you a little more detail than we've given in the past on breaking down the deposit book here. You know, you can see the really excellent work that Cindy Wolfe and Carmen McClennon and Audie Hurley and Drew Harper and the other folks on the deposit and retail banking teams are doing, growing non-interest-bearing accounts and non-time accounts, both consumer and commercial. At the same time, working down some of the CD categories from higher levels and working down public funds, brokered and reciprocal deposits that tend to be more expensive deposits. I think the guys have been doing some really good blocking and tackling and improving the quality and hence the rate sensitivity of our deposit base. Certainly, when the Fed starts raising rates, our deposit cost will go up. Everybody's in the banking industry will go up pretty much. There'll be a few exceptions, I guess. We think that we've done a good job laying the groundwork to have much lower deposit betas, you know, over a full interest rate increase cycle, early, mid, and late cycle at the increases than we experienced in the last interest rate cycle. How that plays out, it's going to, you know, depend on competition and how the Fed postures, how quickly they move and what else they do to withdraw liquidity from the financial system. You know, as far as they've already announced and are rapidly along the way with tapering their rate of asset purchases and the shrinkage of their balance sheet, I think will have a significant impact on availability of funds, liquidity in the system that will affect deposit rates. None of us really know. I don't think the Fed even knows how they're going to do that yet, or if they are, they're not telling. There are a lot of variables there, but we feel like we're much better positioned than we've been in the past to deal with that, rising rate environment. Yeah, definitely. Thanks for pointing that chart out. That does show an impressive kind of multi-year improvement, so I appreciate that. That's really, I'll let some other people jump in, but congrats on a great year and look forward to another one in 2022. Thank you, Stephen. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Michael Rose with Raymond James. Your line is open. Please go ahead. Hey, good morning, everyone. Just wanted to Michael. Hi, how are you? Just wanted to touch on the commentary in the management comments on page 17, just around expenses. You know, you kind of cited what everyone else is citing, wage inflation, et cetera, and also some offsets, and I know you're selling the Magnolia branch this quarter. If you could just help us, you know, quantify what that could mean to the expense run rate as we move forward, just given the, you know, some of the puts and takes that you guys have. Clearly, expense control has been really strong here, and that's been one of the hallmarks of the company. Just looking for some color on kind of what the magnitude could be on a run rate basis. Thanks. Yeah. Michael, let me make a comment or 2, and then I'm going to let Greg comment on that. You know, we accelerated our annual salary review process. It's a very detailed process where we go through every single employee in the company with their supervisors and set their rate of pay. We accelerated that to the July October timeframe from what would have normally been a September through December timeframe. A lot of those raises were given early, and you can see that in, you know, a $1 million and then $2 million sort of increase quarter-over-quarter in our salary and benefits line item. The raises were much more significant in percentage terms than what's reflected in those line items because as we did that, we were closing and selling some branches or closing some branches. We were re-engineering some workflows. We were identifying some unproductive activities and personnel, and we were eliminating those positions. We gave really good raises to a lot of people in July through October time frame, and accelerated those, but avoided really having a big hit to our non-interest expense, kept that pretty manageable by really working hard to offset a chunk of those costs. I'm really proud of the work that our guys did in that, and it was a extremely laborious and difficult process to really dig down and understand everything at a super granular level there, and the guys just rolled up their sleeves and worked hard on it. I think we did some really good work. We will, as it says in the comments, continue to see higher costs because we've got a bunch of unfilled positions that we are filling. We have some raises that a smaller number that didn't take effect until January 1, and we're going to add some new positions in some areas where we have growth opportunities. Greg's done some work on that, so I'll let Greg provide some additional color on that. Thanks, George. Good morning, Michael. You know, as George said, that's, you know, you know, we've really been focused on the talent, the staffing, the competition, how do we make sure we've got the right people in the right places, you know, across the entire of our company. You know, a lot of what we what we did in Q3 and Q4, we feel puts us in a really good position today with respect to those guys. Clearly, as George indicated, and as we say in our comments, we hope to fill positions and continue to add new team members to support future growth. You know, I think, Michael, if you take the Q4 non-interest expense, I think if you assume that grows probably on average $2 million-$3 million a quarter over each quarter during 2022, that's probably a pretty good assumption of where we would expect our non-interest expense to end up for the full year of 2022. You know, obviously, it may not be, you know, a linear increase. It may be a little bit choppy, but most of that's going to be in the salary and benefits line item. You know, the actual amount that ends up is really going to be dependent upon, you know, our ability to, you know, to find team members to fill open positions and to continue to grow our staff to support future growth. I think that's the $2 million-$3 million range is a pretty good on average assumption for overhead growth. Is that like a gross number or like a net number? Because I assume there's some offsets. Or are you just talking about like total expenses? I think. Yeah, go ahead. Sorry. Total non-interest expenses. Okay. But what would some of the offsets be? Because it sounds like, you know, the number actually might be higher, but you have some savings that you can wring out, you know, elsewhere, whether it be further branch cuts, et cetera. Well, it'll be Yeah, Michael, I think we're there on most of the savings. I mean, there are some smaller items we're still working on, but we pretty much accomplished what we needed to do as far as rationalization of branch network and those sorts of things in that H2 of 2021. Yes, we'll sell the Magnolia branch. I don't think we have another branch slated to close at this point. We think everything that we've got in that regard's contributing. We actually have a few branches we're going to open. We will, over the next couple of years, have a few branches that we relocate that will have some benefits of improving the quality of our location and market at the same time that we're in at least 1 or 2 of those situations ought to get some cost savings out of that. There are some things we're doing there, but those things are small potatoes, and Greg's $2 million-$3 million a quarter increase in noninterest expense is kind of a net number, I think. Is that right, Greg? Yes, that's correct, George. Yeah. Okay, great. Maybe just as my follow-up, the share repurchases were a little bit higher this quarter than I was expecting. You increased the size of the program. Stock's around 1.5 of tangible. Just remind us, George, how we should think about the tenor and pace of share repurchases and how you think about intrinsic value. Thanks. Well, Tim runs that program, so Tim, I'm going to bounce that to you. All right. Thanks, Michael. Yeah, we were certainly very active in Q4 on the share repurchases. Obviously, we raised some preferred stock and increased our authorization in early the beginning of November and became really active in November and December. You know, our stock price when we started that program was certainly less than where it is today. We do try to be somewhat opportunistic in how we utilize that. If our stock price is increasing, you know, we're going to be less active compared to if it's being pulled back. If we see a pullback, we'll be more active. On the whole, I would expect us to be slightly less active in Q1 than we were in Q4. Just because we're starting at a little bit higher place than where we started the repurchases in Q4. Thanks for the color, guys. Appreciate it. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Jennifer Demba with Truist. Your line is open. Please go ahead. Thanks so much. Good morning. Good morning, Jennifer. George, you guys have about $4.3 million of NSF and overdraft charges in 2021. A lot of banks have revamped their programs again. What do you see for OZK in the next few quarters on that front? Well, let me say we've broken out the service charge data into 2 lines in the management comments, and you'll see that in our, you know, Qs and Ks going forward. The real reason for that is you've got other service charges, you've got your NSF ODs, and really that NSF OD line could be broken out because NSF charge and overdraft charges are really 2 different things. I'm going to let Cindy Wolfe, our Chief Banking Officer, who is over all of that domain, all of our retail banking operations and so forth, report up to her, and deposits and deposit strategies are all hers. Cindy, you want to take that? Sure, George. Thank you. Jennifer, like other banks, our NSF and OD fees remain below pre-pandemic levels, and our focus for quite some time has been on the fees we charge in association with value-add products and services, where you have a client that receives something of value and is happy to pay a fee for what we're providing. So, that said, we have taken 2 steps that appear to be similar to some of the things other banks have announced recently. In November of 2021, we eliminated the transaction fee we had historically charged for automatic transfers from one account to another to cover an overdraft. Back in February of 2021, we rolled out a new checking product that has no overdraft or NSF fees. It is a Bank On certified checking account aimed at the unbanked and underbanked called Freedom Advantage Checking. We have really made emergency savings a focus of our retail bank. Since we've done that, we've seen a nice increase in savings account sales. We believe that the focus should be on helping people develop healthy savings and spending habits, and that will also help our clients avoid NSFs and overdrafts. While we have not eliminated all the fees associated with NSF and OD, we have made some similar moves to other banks. Of course, we have not ruled out taking other steps in the future. Well, Jennifer, let me point out on page 16, you know, consistent with what Cindy said, our NSF OD fees, if you compare Q4 2021 to pre-pandemic Q4 of 2019, that number's down $1 million a quarter. Our other service charge fees are up over that period of time, $1.5 million a quarter from Q4 of 2019 to Q4 of 2021. That's all part of Cindy's strategy that she and her teams are implementing to create more service charge revenue from really value add things to our customers and do more things that reduce customers incurring NSF and OD fees. I think that trend will continue on both sides as our strategy to continue to grow these other higher value things as Cindy was talking about. I do think market and regulatory efforts over a longer period of time will result in a continued reduction in NSF fee income, and then probably overdraft fee income as well. Do you see a material amount of pressure on that line item for 2022 given the recent changes, or do you think you're at a pretty good run rate? I think it is premature to judge the timing of that. You know, it's a fluid situation on the competitive front and a fluid situation on the regulatory front. But I do think you will see the other service charge line item increase because they're doing a good job of selling products and services that our customers seem to be very willing and enthusiastic about, even though it means paying a fee for it. I think you'll see further reductions over time in that NSF fee. The timing of that's hard to know. Then I think the OD fees will also go down over time. Thanks, George. Thank you. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Matt Olney with Stephens. Your line is open. Please go ahead. Hey, thanks. Good morning. I wanted to ask more about the impact of higher interest rates and what the bank is doing today to better prepare for this. The loan forward's obviously going to be a challenge in the near term as the Fed moves higher. I'm just curious what else the bank is doing to better prepare for higher rates. Thanks. Well, you know, obviously, Matt, we've been keeping our securities portfolio pretty short. We've got about $150 million a month in cash flow off that securities portfolio. The investments we're buying now, you know, we're keeping in that short to short medium sort of term duration. Considerable efforts to keep that where, you know, we're not pinned down a bunch of long-term investments and so forth. You know, a strong propensity as we've always had to make the vast majority of our loans variable rate, and we give you statistics on that in the management comment documents about what percentage of those are variable rate and to put floors in them. As we recycle older loans and replace them with newer loans, we're certainly getting floors that are much more conducive to having a high level of asset sensitivity in the portfolio. You know, that's really the way we're preparing, trying to do things on the deposit front that will lower our deposit beta and do things on the asset side, both investments and loans that will enhance asset sensitivity there. Yep, that makes sense. Thanks for that. Thank you. Then I was also hoping, George, you could put some more commentary around loan growth expectations in 2022. I know you expect to be positive, but I think the consensus forecast is calling for around a mid-single digit loan growth for 2022. Just trying to appreciate if those expectations are still reasonable or if we're a little bit too optimistic given your commentary today. Matt, you know, I don't think those expectations that you describe are unrealistic. I mean, you know, they're probably more variables in the world today, economically and politically and regulatory-wise and geopolitically-wise than there have ever been in my 42-year career. I mean, gosh, you just listen to the news every day and read the stuff that's going on in the world. It's a complicated world. We've got a great pipeline going into the year. We seem to have a lot of our business units that have positive momentum. We know we've got a big, almost certainly record level of payoffs coming in this next year. We feel like we can outrun that. You know, trying to get more precise on, you know, what percentage actual growth we're going to have this year, it's impossible to know that, because you got to originate a lot of loans. You know you're going to have to deal with a lot of payoffs. Some of those payoffs may push, as they did last year if there's supply chain problems or in 2020 if there's supply chain problems. Some of those payoffs may accelerate if customers can lock in permanent financing and they're concerned rates are going up. They're going to try to get to a permanent financing solution faster if they believe rates are going to go up and their permanent financing is going to cost more later. There are just a lot of variables that could push or accelerate payoffs. There are a lot of variables economically that could cause folks to push a project a few months or accelerate a project based on what they consider the opportunities to be. You're playing all that out against an extremely dynamic macroeconomic environment, political, fiscal, monetary policy, geopolitical environment, COVID health environment. I, you know, I think the assumptions that you articulated there are not unreasonable, but it could be more or less than that, depending on how those things play out. Okay. That's helpful. Definitely we appreciate there's lots of moving parts this year, more so than most. Yeah. Just lastly, I guess, circling back on expenses with Greg. If I plug in that $2 million-$3 million per quarter growth off the fourth quarter starting point, I'm at about 9% growth in 4Q 2022 versus 4Q 2021. Am I thinking about that right, Greg? Yeah. At least so, Matt. Yeah. Okay. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Brock Vandervliet with UBS. Your line is open. Please go ahead. Hey, thanks. Good morning. I guess we've boiled the ocean on RESG questions, so I won't go there. Let's see. It's kind of a two-parter. One, if we could get an update on the auto business. I know that was impacted last year by, you know, kind of a return to that business as well as, you know, if you can't get product, you can't finance it, that sort of thing with the pipeline issues affecting the auto business. More broadly, do you think you're obviously thinking pretty creatively about the consumer-facing business now. Do you think you've got all the product set that you really need there, or are there other initiatives you may be working on behind the curtain? Yeah. Brock, you know, our indirect business is indirect RV and marine, and we don't do indirect- Yep. -auto. Um- Yep, I'm sorry. I No, I- That's right. I understand. It's easy to think of all indirect as being auto. We don't do the auto because we just don't think you can get the return on investment at our scale that we can get out of the marine and RV business and the same quality issues. We like what we're originating, both from a quality and a yield perspective. The guys have rejiggered that business model over the last couple of years. We've been ramping it up since early last year. They're now, I guess, probably in their Q3 or Q4 kind of quarter of ramping that up. We did gain some, a little bit of momentum on that in Q4, and we expect positive net growth in that portfolio in 2022. You know, I'm- Okay. I'm reluctant to quantify what that is, but we do expect our originations and fundings to exceed the payoffs on that portfolio in 2022. It's become a small but noticeable contributor to growth in 2022. The consumer book that you mentioned, we are continuing to do work to make our consumer facing product set more competitive and doing things to enhance the sales of consumer loans through our branches. I think we'll see some positive trends in that in 2022 as well. Again, that's not gonna be a huge line of business, but if that contributes $50 million or $100 million or $200 million in growth, that would be a real plus for us. I do think we'll see some positive direction there. Volume of it's hard to know at this point in time, but we are focused on growing those as part of our plan to diversify our business more broadly. Okay. Just as a follow-up, not much to talk about with respect to credit, which is great. How are you feeling about just the size of the reserve at this point? You know, I think we feel it's appropriate. You know, we gave disclosure in our management comments that stated that the greatest weight in our model selection as of December 31st was on the Moody's moderate recession scenario, and then the Moody's sustained downturn was the 2nd greatest weight. The Moody's baseline scenario, we gave the 3rd highest weight in our model selection allocation. The reason for that is the Moody's baseline scenario by year-end had gotten to be a pretty optimistic, almost an upside scenario in our view. That was quite a shift from where the Moody's baseline scenario was a quarter before. As we looked at the litany of open items on fiscal policy, monetary policy, and all the things that I talked about with Matt only a few minutes ago, you know, we just felt like there were a lot of uncertainties and risk, things that could possibly lead to a Fed miscalculation or a fiscal policy miscalculation that could throw the economy in a more difficult setting. We adopted a pretty conservative and slightly negative bias to scenario selections for our ACL as of December 31. I think that's appropriate. I mean, there's just a lot of things out there that could cause our economy to get in more difficult situations. We think we appropriately took those things into account in our scenario selections and qualitative adjustments to the model scenarios at 12/31. Tim and Greg may wanna weigh in on that too, but that's my take on it. George, I don't know that I've got anything else to add on that. I mean, obviously, you know, there are a lot of unknowns that we were cautiously conservative about as far as our ACL goes. You know, if we have more clarity on those over the next few months or few quarters, that certainly could impact, you know, our level of ACL. There's just a lot of unknowns today, and I think we were appropriate in where we set our scenarios and where our resulting ACL ended up at 12/31. You know, Brock, over the last two years, there have been a lot of negative assessments of economic prospects in the U.S., and those over 2021 got progressively better, and that was reflective in our ACL. You know, we don't wanna get too optimistic too fast while there's still a lot of variables at play and release a lot of our ACL and then have to come back later because while we got too optimistic and release too much, and then you have to build it back. We wanna actually see these economic cards play out and adjust our reserve based on real economics instead of hope economics. Yeah, I think it's an interesting point. You could see a lot of other banks that have nailed themselves to the baseline scenario have to tack pretty rapidly at some point. Well, they could be right, but we're kind of you know in the mindset of we wanna see all this play out and before we release and know that we're really back to a very positive economic situation where a lot of the variables resolve before we get too aggressive in releasing that ACL. Thank you, Brock. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Brian Martin with Janney Montgomery. Your line is open. Please go ahead. Hey, good morning. Just a couple from me, just most of it been answered, but just going back to the capital, you talked about the buyback. Just Tim, maybe if you could just give general commentary on the M&A outlook, given what sounds like fabulous opportunities on the organic side and you know, the buyback being utilized, but just the level of opportunities maybe you're looking at today or seeing. Can you just give a little comment on that? Yeah, Brian, I'd be happy to. You know, we do think there will be continued consolidation in the industry over the next, you know, many years. We hope to be able to participate in that at some point. We are spending more time looking at opportunities. I personally am spending more time looking at opportunities, but the timing of those obviously are hard to predict. As you pointed out, we've got a lot of good traction organically through RESG and community banking and our asset-based lending groups and equipment finance lending group and indirect lending. So a lot of good momentum that we feel very positive about organically. We don't have to do M&A, but if we can find something that's accretive to our franchise one way or the other, then we'll certainly be interested in looking at it. We certainly have a lot of capital where we can do multiple things at the same time. It's not, you know, it's not one strategy that is going to utilize all of our capital. We can do multiple items at the same time. We're looking, we have appetite, but certainly can't predict when that might occur. Gotcha. Okay. Maybe just one or two others. Just the, I think last quarter, George, maybe you talked about the securities portfolio maybe getting a little bit bigger, you know, if, you know, depending on where the yield curve was at. I guess, any change in your outlook there? Brian, no. I mean, that's very much a day-to-day. Yeah It's a moment-to-moment situation and opportunity. As I mentioned, we've got about $150 million a quarter or a month in cash flow from that portfolio. You know, we're trying to, knowing that rates are going up, trying to find things and moments to re-foot that money to work as it rolls off, but not taking too much interest rate risk on it. There'll come a day when we'll wanna be much more aggressive in loading up that portfolio than we are now. You know, we're not anxious to see that portfolio grow a ton right now because I think whatever you buy is going to get devalued going forward. We still have to keep some of that money at work as well. It's a delicate balance we're working every day. Luke King and Christie Harper and Rush Harding and the rest of the team who are running that portfolio for us are doing a great job on it, and I think they'll figure it out as we go. It's a tricky time to be putting money to work there. Yep. Gotcha. Okay. Then maybe just the last one was just on the ABL group. It looked like a nice start to the ABL group. Just kind of wondering, you know, that and the CBSG, if you can give any commentary on, you know, how you're thinking about that or the momentum there, going forward. Yeah. The ABL group is, you know, closed the deal and had several more transactions in the pipeline that they're looking at and working on. Some of those transactions they're looking at look very positive. We're optimistic about that. Our Corporate and Business Specialties Group, you know, is primarily subscription finance. We had a lot of pay downs on that there. I think their average balance for the quarter was probably much higher than their quarter-end balance because right at the end of the year, you know, a lot of those borrowers did capital calls for year-end and cleaned up their subscription lines. The unfunded part of that business is growing. We're doing more business there, not less, even though the fundings were down with the payoffs right at the end of the year. That's doing well. They, of course, manage a small shared national credit portfolio. I think it's down to about $50 million ± and continuing to shrink. I don't see us unless there's a real buying opportunity reloading that portfolio. If market conditions made it very advantageous to do so, we might. The mindset right now is that portfolio, $50 million or so continues to just run off in a normal sort of as it pays off sort of way. Those guys are looking at some other non-subscription line non-real estate structured finance opportunities where our expertise applies. Our equipment finance guys and structured finance guys on the equipment finance side are also getting some pretty good opportunities they're looking at, and we would think they're going to add some volume this year. Real pleased about the way all of the units in our lending world are working and you know, going to contribute a lot more growth than others. I think we've got almost every unit moving in a positive direction. Of course, we will have PPP payoff headwinds remaining. I think we had about $80 million or so of PPP loans at the end of the year. The last little piece of that that probably pays off mostly in Q1 and Q2 and should almost all be gone, if not all gone, by the end of this year. That's a little bit of a headwind of growth in community banking. The guys had a lot of PPP payoffs last year and still absorbed that and offset that with new originations for the most part. We're feeling pretty good about all units being able to contribute to growth this year. Gotcha. Okay. Thank you very much for taking the questions. All right. Thank you. Thank you. I'm showing no further questions at this time, and I would like to turn the conference back over to George Gleason for any further remarks. All right. Thank you. We appreciate you guys joining the call. There being no further questions, that concludes our call. We look forward to talking with you in about 90 days. Have a great quarter. Thank you. Bye. This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for participating. You may now disconnect.