To the Perma-Fix Fiscal First Quarter 2023 earnings conference call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. A question-and-answer session will follow the formal presentation. If anyone should require operator assistance during the conference, please press star zero on your telephone keypad. Please note this conference is being recorded. I will now turn the conference over to your host, David Waldman, Investor Relations. You may begin. Thank you, Holly. Good morning, everyone, and welcome to Perma-Fix Environmental Services' first quarter 2023 conference call. On the call with us this morning are Mark Duff, President and CEO, Dr. Louis Centofanti, Executive Vice President of Strategic Initiatives, and Ben Naccarato, Chief Financial Officer. The company issued a press release this morning containing first quarter 2023 financial results, which is also posted on the company's website. If you have any questions after the call or would like any additional information about the company, please contact Crescendo Communications at 212-671-1020. I'd also like to remind everyone that certain statements contained within this conference call may be deemed forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and include certain non-GAAP financial measures. All statements on this conference call, other than a statement of historical fact, are forward-looking statements that are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which could cause actual results and performance of the company to differ materially from such statements. These risks and uncertainties are detailed in the company's filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, as well as this morning's press release. The company makes no commitment to disclose any revisions to forward-looking statements or any facts, events, or circumstances after the date hereof that bear upon forward-looking statements. In addition, today's discussion will include references to non-GAAP measures. Perma-Fix believes that such information provides an additional measurement and consistent historical comparison of its performance. A reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures is available in today's news release on our website. I'd now like to turn the call over to Mark Duff. Please go ahead, Mark. All right. Thanks, David. Good morning. First, let me take a moment to address the issues associated with the postponement of this earnings call yesterday. As you know, all relevant information related to the company's filing period must be considered up to the filing of the 10-Q or 10-K. That said, we received certain new information late on Monday evening that required us to review for potential financial impacts. We were able to complete the review on Tuesday and are happy to be able to report our earnings today. We apologize for any inconvenience or impacts associated with this delay, but deemed the delay necessary to ensure the accuracy of our financial statements. While 2022 was a challenging year, due to the lingering effects of COVID-19 pandemic, we believe we're back on the growth trajectory that we were working so hard for. We are finally starting to realize improvements in our performance and the momentum we had prior to the pandemic, as evidenced by our results this quarter. I'm pleased to report we achieved a 6.3% increase in revenue and an 83.9% increase in gross profit for the first quarter of 2023 compared to the same period last year. Importantly, we also achieved sequential growth of 20% compared to the fourth quarter of 2022, even though the first quarter tends to be traditionally a seasonally weak period for us. We saw a steady improvement throughout the quarter, including a strong March, which has continued into the second quarter. It's also worth noting that revenue increased both within our treatment and our services segment. The growth in revenue reflects the initiation of several new projects in the first quarter of 2023 that support the backlog in both segments and provide growth opportunities into 2024. As we've recently announced, we were awarded eight new contracts over the past few months, totaling approximately $15 million of revenue that's expected to be recognized in 2023, with additional option phases that have a potential value of over $14 million moving forward. These projects include the de-deployment of our soil sorter technology for providing a remediation solution to the abandoned uranium mine program through the EPA, as well as the remediation of dredging sediments for the Department of Defense in San Diego. Other new contracts have been initiated in support of the Los Alamos National Lab, in providing an innovative technology for on-site decontamination support for the decommissioning of a nuclear power plant. In addition to this new backlog, we've realized significant increases in bidding activities with recent opportunities requiring our core competencies in support of the DOE remediation programs, as well as the Army Corps of Engineers cleanup initiatives, U.S. Navy decommissioning projects, and several international projects with sustainable revenue potential. Within our treatment segment, we benefited from a steady improvement in waste receipts. This was a result of increased waste shipments from DOE and expanding our current waste treatment offering to the commercial utility sector, along with the oil and gas markets, and the growth in our industrial waste programs as well. We recently received a new IDIQ contract with a regional power utility to provide waste treatment services over the next five years. Once this contract is signed, this will open the door for new opportunities within the utility markets that we've not seen in the past. We expect to see continued improvement in waste receipts and an increase in project work through existing contracts, recently won contracts, and bids submitted in both segments that are waiting for awards now. We expect this positive trend to continue over the next several quarters as lingering effects of the COVID-19 pandemic continue to subside. At the same time, we're rapidly advancing several initiatives that we believe have the potential to significantly enhance our revenues and our long-term backlog. Towards this end, we have realized two important steps with the Department of Energy in the pursuit of the Hanford Tank Remediation Mission. These include the amendment of the record of decision for the Direct Feed Low-Activity Waste facility, DFLAW, and the approval of the Waste Incidental to Reprocessing, or WIR, report, which represent opportunities to provide large-scale waste treatment services at Hanford. These announcements underscore the importance of our role in DOE's strategy for the treatment of Hanford tank waste through the vitrification program that is currently in the final construction phases and startup. This waste, estimated by DOE to be over 8,000 cubic meters annually, will be more than double our current annual production rate at our plants combined. Given the fixed cost nature of our business, we have a significant positive impact from this on profitability over the next 10 years. The outlook of the Test Bed Initiative, what we refer to as TBI, which also is known as the Low-Level Waste Off-Site Disposal project, in support of the DOE Hanford Tank Disposition Program, continues to be recognized by DOE as a potential supplement to the vitrification mission to provide a solution for the 59 million gallons of tank waste stored at the site. TBI program, which is based on grouting technology, continues to progress, and we expect to receive the next 2,000 gallons of tank waste within the next few quarters. Perma-Fix maintains these capabilities today at our Perma-Fix Northwest facility, which is permitted and outfitted to safely and compliantly grout up to 30,000 gallons per month with the ability to expand to over 1 million gallons a year while dramatically reducing costs compared to vitrification. We're also pursuing several additional international waste opportunities that we believe will provide sustainable revenue in the latter half of this year in both the services and treatment segments. We remain optimistic about the announcement, which could be any day now, of a key procurement in Italy that would support our expansion program throughout Europe. This announcement, in addition to the near-term opportunities we have in Slovenia, Croatia, Mexico, Canada, and the UK and Germany, will provide an increased market potential that will leverage our technologies and our core competencies. In addition, we're pursuing several large waste processing opportunities at large DOE sites that can include waste inventories that have been backed up due to COVID, as well as the lack of available technologies to provide high efficiency processing. These wastes are expected to provide sustained receipts through the next three or four quarters, providing an opportunity from $10 million-$20 million potential annual revenue. Turning back to our financials for a moment. EBITDA in Q1 of 2023 improved to an income of $171,000, compared to a loss of $1.4 million in Q1 of 2022. Aside from our expectations for revenue growth having a positive impact on our EBITDA going forward, we continue to focus on a reduction in our SG&A expenses and billable and direct operating costs. As a result, we anticipate a meaningful improvement in profitability and cash flow going forward. To wrap up, it's clear to us there's a solid federal budget and a significant backlog of demand that we expect to capitalize on going forward. As a result, we remain confident the balance of 2023 will see a significant improvement over 2022, and as I mentioned earlier, we're seeing a continued momentum heading into the second quarter. We continue to invest in our capabilities and our facilities and have a highly scalable infrastructure and believe that we're in a great position to take advantage of this pent-up demand. As we continue to increase revenues, we expect to benefit from the predictable cash flows of our services segment, and high incremental margins within our treatment segment. As a result, we believe we're well positioned to exceed the performance and profitability we had attained prior to the pandemic, through increased bidding activities, waste treatment capability expansion, and improved federal budgets. On that note, I'll now turn the call over to Ben. We'll discuss the financial results in more detail. Ben? Thanks, Mark. Let me start with revenue. Our total revenue from continuing operations in the first quarter was $20.1 million, compared to last year's first quarter of $15.9 million. That's an increase of $4.2 million or 26.3%. Our revenue increased by $2.1 million in each of our segments as our treatment segment began to process the increased waste shipments from backlog that we saw trending upward in the last part of 2022. The improved waste volume received and/or processed also led to improvement in the treatment segment, while higher revenue in the service segment was the result of increased project revenue. Turning to cost of sales. Our total cost of sales were up $17.1 million in the first quarter compared to $14.3 million in the prior year. That's an increase of $2.8 million or 19.7%. In the treatment segment, our variable or incremental expenses were at 25.6% of revenue, compared to 22% last year. That's related to higher trends in disposal expenses, primarily at our EWOC facility. Our fixed facility costs were also up compared to last year, due mostly to depreciation expenses at our EWOC facility, as well as unusually high natural gas expenses in the Pacific Northwest, which impacted our Northwest facility. Our incremental expenses in our services segment were 74% compared to 77% last year due to lower project-related expenses. Our gross profit for the quarter was $3 million, excuse me, compared to $1.6 million in 2022. Both segments improved with our treatment segment improving by $614,000 and the service segment improving by $759,000. The treatment segment gross profit improvement came primarily from the higher revenue, was offset by a little bit lower margin related to the waste mix and also the fixed facility costs. Gross profit from the service segment was a result of both increased revenue and the improvement in the profitability of our project. Our total G&A costs for the quarter were $3.5 million or 17.3% of revenue, compared to $3.4 million or 21.5% of revenue in the prior year. The small increase of $64,000 was primarily due to higher employee benefit expenses, offset by lower audit fees, consultant fees and salary. Our net loss for the quarter was $411,000, compared to last year's net loss of $1.3 million. Our total basic loss per share for the quarter was $0.03, compared to a loss of $0.10 last year. Our adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations, as defined in this morning's press release, was income of $171,000, compared to a loss of $1.4 million last year. I'll turn to the balance sheet in comparison to year-end 2022. Our cash on the balance sheet was $2.4 million, compared to $1.9 million at the end of the year. Our accounts receivable and unbilled receivable were up combined by $2.2 million due to an increase in quarterly revenue compared to our fourth quarter of last year. Our current liabilities were up approximately $1.9, reflecting increased costs associated with production as well as timing of vendor payments. Our backlog at the end of March 2023 was $9.4 million, which is consistent with the $9.2 million at the end of last year, but up from the $6.1 million in March of 2022. Our total debt at quarter end was $990,000, most of which is owed to our PNC Bank. Finally, our cash flow activity for 2023. Our cash provided from continuing operations was $1.8 million. Our cash used by our discontinued operations was $198,000. Cash used for investing in continuing operations was $748,000, most of which was capital spending. Cash used for financing was $204,000, representing our monthly payments to our credit facility at PNC of $137,000, as well as payments for finance leases and other financing expenses totaling $67,000. With that, I'll turn the call back to the operator for questions. Certainly. At this time, we will be conducting a question and answer session. If you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad. A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press star two if you would like to remove your question from the queue. We do ask to make your questions brief so everyone has an opportunity to ask questions. You may re-prompt for questions by pressing star one. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the star keys. One moment while we poll for questions. Your first question for today is coming from Howard Brous at Wellington Shields. Mark, Ben, Louis, first of all, I hope that all of you are well and your families as well also. Good morning, Howard. Good morning, Howard. You're very welcome. First of all, congratulations on the quarter and congratulations on the opportunity. For full disclosure, I acted as an investment banker for your capital raise of $6.2 million a year ago, September. In addition, I have to disclose that members of my family own shares of Perma-Fix. My questions focus basically on timelines of opportunities. My understanding, and I'd like the confirmation of this, that the vitrification plant should be operational in Q3 of 2024. Yes, Howard. You know, it, DOE hasn't published a recent schedule that I've seen at least, and although there's been several congressional hearings in regards to the Hanford mission, all indications are they're still on track for the expectation of getting the DFLAW operational in the second half of 2024. All right. Which basically means revenue from that in 2024? Secondly, it's my understanding, and I'd like a confirmation of this, that the 2,000 gallon test is expected to take place basically Q4 2023. That is correct, Howard. The current plan is seems to be tracking that way. The general status of it, DOE is working with the state regulators for what they call an RD&D permit, and that basically allows them to pull the waste out of the tank. Once that's done, then they'll be able to start extracting the waste. After it's approved by the state, they can start extracting the waste to get to us, and that's expected to be towards the end of this year at this point. Thirdly, we had always expected a third test of 300,000 gallons. According to the multiple documents that are out there, particularly the final Waste Incidental to Reprocessing. This is a long title. Evaluation for vitrified low activity waste and secondary waste at the Hanford Site. In that document, there's several mentions of not having a 300,000 gallon test in 2024. By implication, and clearly you're gonna need a permit for a larger. My understanding is that sometime in 2024 Q3, they will probably go to not 300,000 as a test, but a full-scale TBI for 1 million gallons. I know you would need an additional permit for that and a 60-day comment period. What are your thoughts about that? That's my understanding for 2024, basically Q3. Yeah. That's largely right, Howard. Generally, DOE, as I think I mentioned in the last call, has what they call a roadmap for the tank mission. TBI plays a major part in that. It's definitely true that phase two, which is the 2,000 gallons, which we just talked about, it should be later this year, was to be followed up with a phase three of 300,000 gallons. That phase appears to have faded away, and DOE has talked about moving directly into an operational phase or what we used to refer to as 300,000 gallons. Generally, moving forward with the grouting campaign after the phase II is over. DOE doesn't share that roadmap with us in regards to how it all fits together. We're anticipating that because the regulatory approvals are in place, all DOE really has to do is decide to move forward with that next phase at what we used to call phase III, which is an operational phase. That can happen, you know, several months after the 2,000 gallons is processed. We'll have to generate a report on how it worked and the performance of the grouting, that type of thing. That'll take several months to get all that approved. It'd likely be sometime in late 2024, we'll start to see more of a operational receipt of waste for grouting. At least that's what we're expecting. Okay. National Academy of Sciences, which is absolutely in favor of grouting, their comment is that using grouting could save the government about $100 billion over a period of time. They're having a webinar in Richland, Washington on June 6th to discuss TBI, the grouting method, the fact that this is a massive saving to the government. Any comment about that? Yeah. We have those periodically up in near Hanford and Richland, and we typically attend those and participate as appropriate on those in regards to questions and answers and those kind of things. We'll definitely be there for that. You know, they just wrapped up their final report last year. I'm not sure they've had an actual meeting since then, I would assume that they'll talk about that final report and their findings and address with DOE directly what the intentions are for moving forward with grouting as well. The National Academy of Sciences's support for grouting has been a big boost to the credibility of the program. The analysis they've done in their 500 page report, is the basis of a lot of the decisions by DOE to start considering grouting as a supplement to the DFL facility. One comment. My understanding is that the unions and the Umatilla Tribe have been the bane of our existence for getting movement in TBI, and it's my understanding that both have, one, changed their opinion, and both have written letters to the various government entities in favor of moving forward with TBI. Can you comment on that, please? That is true. That's very true, Howard, and we certainly appreciate their support on both fronts. Yes, the Umatillas and the UA Local 598 union there, which is central to that area, have both written letters either to congressional delegations or the state and DOE as well. Both endorsing the grouting approach and the support to expedite implementation. Yeah, that's been an important part of moving forward with this to get their support, and it plays a big role in DOE's position as well. That is all true. I have one more question, then a comment. The question is basically, some people have called me up and asked, "Well, isn't there competition from other entities like Waste Control Specialists, EnergySolutions?" The answer is, my understanding is there is no competition. The reason I understand that is it would take 3, 4, 5 years to get the permits, 2, 3, 4 years to build a plant. That's one. Secondly, you'd have to cross, probably, via rail, the Umatilla Tribe land, and basically, you're gonna cross with radioactive material that's almost creating a Chernobyl-type incident looking at Piketon, Ohio. It's basically the comment that I've just made is that, is that a correct statement? Yeah. You know, the bottom line is that there is not an existing facility in the regional area that has the capabilities to support the grounding that we're talking about. A facility that's permitted, you know, constructed, and ready to go. I think a company would have to go through getting that permit, which would be very, very difficult, and take quite some time, get through the construction, and everything goes along with that would be a minimum of 5 to 7 years and maybe longer, and maybe not even able to get the permit, based on the public comment requirements that you have to go through. It does limit our competition for a local facility, and makes that barrier to entry very high. As far as shipping, you're absolutely right, Howard. Shipping raw waste after it comes off the thickener from the tanks to another facility offsite, which would at least be 600 miles, would have to go through the Umatilla Reservation, and would not be the safest way of handling this as opposed to treating the waste at a local facility, which is right outside the Hanford fence, basically. It would not be an optimal way of doing things and would be, have safety concerns as well as financial issues that would make that much more difficult, which puts our facility there in Richland in a very key position and with very difficult barriers to entry for anyone competing with us on that grouting technology for the tanks. My last question of understanding is, we talk about 56 million gallons of stuff in 177 tanks. My understanding via your consultant and others is there's probably 200 million gallons that need to be treated because all the water was drained from these tanks years ago, and you need the water to implement vitrification. Effectively, you're not treating 56 million gallons over a very long period, you're treating 200 million gallons roughly. Is that a correct statement? Yeah. That's exactly right, Howard. We don't talk about that much, but basically to save space in these tanks, DOE over the years has pulled out the liquids. You can add more in there into those tanks and save a lot of money and space, if you extract the liquids and concentrate the waste you're putting in. That's been done pretty much all the tanks. There's some that have a little bit more liquids than others. To get the liquids out, you have to add a slurry to the tanks, to the waste material to pull it out. You're absolutely right. Whether it's a 2 or 3 or 4 multiplier, is difficult to say depending on the matrix you're extracting. That is definitely true, that it would be definitely closer to 200 million gallons, but of total material removed from those tanks after you consider the addition of the slurry you have to put in. It's important concept because remembering that the DFLAW facility is designed to process about 1 million gallons a year, when you consider how much total waste they've got, DOE definitely is in need of a supplemental technology and capability to be able to treat those tanks, you know, in a reasonable amount of time, as opposed to just 1 million gallons a year, you know, over 200 years. That is an important point in regards to the inventory and what the backlog or inventory of waste is at Hanford. Well, if you guarantee it's 200 years, do you guarantee we'll all be alive by then? Yeah. No one guarantees that, Howard. I know. Last comment. By implication with TBI and DFLAW, you're really talking about revenues and earnings in 2024. Is that a fair comment? The second point, after that, it will be my last, but can you comment about that, please? Yeah. I mean, we see a ramp-up in late 2024, you know, between DFLAW waste that DOE identified in that ROD Amendment, and the startup of TBI and a number of other things. We see a ramp-up in 2024 and really to get chugging in 2025. The second half of the year, we would definitely expect to see some increased revenue based on those objectives. There can always be delays one way or the other, but we also have a number of other initiatives that are running in parallel with those that I briefly mentioned in my notes. The back half of 2024 really looks like the ramp-up period, with 2025 being the operational period for some of these big initiatives. Well, if both are operational in 2025, there's a research report out there that implies certain margins, but if I use those margins for what we're talking about in terms of DFLAW fully operational and 1 million gallons in TBI. My number comes out, and I'd like a comment. We're talking about Perma-Fix earning roughly $5 a share just from this project. Yeah. You know, Howard, there's a number of variable, cost variables that are not yet defined, relative to defining EPS for these things, for these initiatives. In general, that would be in the range that I would assume as well, given the anticipated revenue and the cost and the margins as we would anticipate them. You know, a lot of things could change in regards to rates, and other components. That's generally in the range. I would agree that that's certainly in the range of EPS targets. Mark, Ben, Lou, thank you all. Congratulations. Talk another time. All right. Thanks, Howard. Thanks. Your next question is coming from Brian Russo at Sidoti. Hi. Good morning. Good morning, Brian. Hey, just want to clarify. Is the TBI, you know, ramp up, whether it's full production or phase III, 300,000, is that at all contingent on DFLAW being fully operational, or are they two completely separate tracks for the DOE? That's a really good question, Brian, because it gets back to the DOE roadmap, and that's about the only way they're really tied to each other. They're two different programs, two different objectives. The waste can come from the same source or the same tank, or it can come from different tanks. In other words, DFLAW is hardwired by, you know, plumbing, to some specific tanks. TBI could get waste from those tanks or other tanks. The roadmap's important. The roadmap is DOE's strategy of how it's all gonna fit together, how the funding is gonna cover everything, how they're going to close tanks on an optimal basis, between the use of DFLAW and the use of grouting. They are tied together, not so much physically necessarily, as it is strategically. DOE looks at it as a program where the TBI program, the grouting program, will be a supplement to DFLAW. As I said on other calls, DOE has said repeatedly their goal is to get DFLAW operating and then supplement that with TBI, which means core grouting, which means one could say they want to get that facility operating first. Having said that, you know, if there's delays, additional delays, if there's other continued pressure on getting moving with grouting, that would accelerate the TBI program or the grouting program. They are tied in some instances, but not necessarily physically. Okay, got it. Assuming that the DFLAW facility is on schedule for a quote-unquote, "start," of operation in the second half of 2024, how long do you think it would take to actually ramp up, you know, to full production or capacity? That's really hard for me to say. you know, there's 2 melters at the DFLAW facility. I know they'll get the first one rolling, as I mentioned, late 2024. The other one would anticipate to be coming up, you know, right behind that one. I don't know how far behind it is, but, you know, one would anticipate a facility of that complexity that it would take, you know, 6-12 months to be fully operational and to get to the full, you know, 1 million gallons a year. I'm speculating. I don't know the schedule. I don't think it's been published. I'm not sure exactly when the second melter will come online. The first one is, as I mentioned, is scheduled for late 2024. One could assume that sometime in 2025 it'll be fully operational. Okay, great. Can you talk about some of the larger opportunities that you've discussed in the past? If it's the OSMS in Ohio and Kentucky or the JRC, which I think you mentioned earlier in Italy, then the soil sorting with the EPA. I assume the award you won was with the Navajo. Are there others that are close to being awarded? Yeah. Starting with OSMS. OSMS, which we have a significant role in, is due to be announced any minute. By DOE, that's the Kentucky and Ohio, Lexington job, that's valued at about $3 billion. We're waiting to hear on that. That's due to be implemented. In other words, to get through transition, a 4-month transition, and to implement by the end of September. They'd have to make an award in May and meet those goals based on the whole schedule. The other one-JRC is the Aiken job, that's correct. We are waiting to hear about that. We've gotten some indication from them that we should hear literally any day now. We're expecting to hopefully get an announcement together as soon as that contract is signed, which will likely require some negotiation before we get there. That would be starting this summer. That's, you know, in the $40 million range, $40-$50. We also have another one we haven't mentioned in Croatia that we're bidding on that is in the $20 million range that would also start this summer. We should hear about that in June. We have the abandoned uranium mines, which is off and running. It's mobilizing now. As I mentioned, that's only about a $1 million job. We're expecting once it get rolling, that it will continue. All indications are that's a correct assumption. I don't have a good revenue projection on that or anything like that. There's not any other task orders that we've seen come out from that IDIQ, but we are expecting some action on that through the summer. We also have several new bids that we're preparing right now for the Navy for a facility demolition, as well as decontamination, as well as a submarine that to be deconned, and then the Enterprise aircraft carrier. The Nimitz is right behind that. Both those are billion-dollar jobs or in that range. The Sam Rayburn is a submarine that's near term. That should be starting in the summer. We're in procurement space now on that. So a lot of really good jobs like Los Alamos has a number of very exciting jobs coming out that we're, it's coming out through our IDIQ, so in other words, there's limited competition, all to be awarded this summer. Really good backlog, Brian, of opportunities that include summer mobilization this summer that would allow us to really bolster Q3 and Q4 numbers and into next year if we win our share. Hopefully, we'll win our share. Hopefully, win more than our share. And there's a number of other ones too, smaller ones I haven't mentioned, and a number of other ones that I don't know about yet that will be coming up as procurement. The procurement process starts getting back into full swing, after the impacts from COVID. Yeah. Then just lastly, the $15 million of revenue from the new contracts that you noted earlier, did you realize any of that revenue in the first quarter? Very little of it. There's probably a couple hundred K, not much. You know, the way our projects typically start out is this particular services project is there's about a month, six weeks of document development, typically about $100K or $100K there, where you're putting together procedures and plans, and you gotta get approval from the client on. That's what typically happens. That got underway in March. We're starting to see the real revenue pick-up now in May, and really, you know, hit full stride in June, July. Very limited. There was a little bit of waste receipt associated with one project in March, of maybe five or $800K. Again, everything is really kinda starting in Q2. Okay. Is that in your $9 million of backlog, which was flat, versus last quarter? Or is it gonna be incremental in theory? No, that's within the backlog number I gave you. It's. Well, let me explain that. The particular project we're talking about, the shipments kind of come and get treated fairly quickly. There's very little of what's left of the one project in it. I would probably say a small part of it. Okay, great. Understood. Thank you very much. Thank you, Brian. Your next question for today is coming from Ross Taylor at ARS Investment Partners. Thank you, gentlemen. Congratulations on both a real nice quarter and also on a pretty amazing outlook. I wanted to ask a couple questions. You talked a little bit about Europe, and you mentioned Germany in your prepared remarks. Can you talk about the German opportunity? It would seem that given their denuclearization program, it might be something that could be a fairly lucrative opportunity or a number of them there. Yeah. Germany has been going really good for us, Ross. We've been receiving waste from a commercial company over there for about 18 months now that makes sources for medical industry in all kinds of manufacturing industries. We've been receiving a shipment about every 3 or 4 months, and that's gonna continue. We've signed a long-term contract with them for that to continue. The thing with Germany is, they're building a national storage facility and to support all the country's waste. It's not a repository, it's not a land or anything like that. It's a storage facility. That's still under construction, but it has to get waste in there, it has to meet certain characteristics and has to be treated in a large number of cases. That's been great for us. Folks are shipping us this waste to treat it so they can put it in that facility once it gets open, which is in the next year or two. In addition to that, what you're describing as the decommissioning of the reactors, there is significant opportunity to support that and that, there's a couple of brokers that or companies have been hired by the power utilities, the commercial utilities that manage those reactors who we're working with to support large scale treatment initiatives. Those are just unfolding. We're just starting to work with the regulators to get the paperwork in place to provide treatment services. Once we get, you know, if we do get our facility up and operating in the U.K. that I've mentioned before in press releases, that would support the German markets in a big way. Even before that, we anticipate being able to start treating in the U.S. in about 10 to 12 months if these other arrangements can keep moving forward. Big opportunities in Germany and a very limited capacity, very limited competition, and very few alternatives for those folks as they start their decommissioning process. You actually just answered my next question, which is what the European competitive environment look like. Also, you mentioned the Navy. Can you talk about the fact that they're moving ahead with early steps on the Nimitz? Can you talk about how you see this playing out there? You've talked in the past about there being a very limited number of firms that can do what you do. You have submarines, you have multiple carriers, I would believe. Are these gonna be multiple year projects and programs for each ship? What's that look like? Yeah. When do you think we need to see more concrete steps out of the Navy? Yeah. The Enterprise, which is obviously a famous aircraft carrier, has 8 reactors on it, is kind of the model. We're assuming it's kind of the model. What that's defined as is through their environmental impact statement, they see a 5-year program to decommission that carrier. What they're basically asking you to do is to decontaminate it, remove the waste, and any radiological contamination off the ship and then scrap it. All that is to be done in a 5-year period. It's a fixed price job. It's very high risk. They're asking pretty much the bidders to privatize it. In other words, you have to take the ship off their site, which is currently, in the Norfolk Naval Shipyard, in one of those coveted, you know, slips there, and take it to your facility, and do all that work. There's very few places that you can do that. There's only a few ship breakers in the country. There's only a few firms that would take this kind of risk, and there's only a few firms that have these capabilities. The way that things are going in the Enterprise, and I'm speculating now, Ross, that there will probably be three bidders, three big teams, and we're working with several of those right now to define or develop teaming arrangements with them on the Enterprise. That RFP is due out here this summer, in draft, and supposed to be final in Q4 for award the summer of 2024. To really get rolling in 2025. The Nimitz is right behind it. The same waiver as I mentioned is this summer, which is much, much smaller. There's about 12 other nuclear ships, you know, in waiting. You know, these old ships are taking up, as I mentioned, very expensive slips and maintenance and security requirements and not providing any value to the Navy. They're really starting to make a push to get them out of their hair and get that expense out of the way. It's an exciting program for the business we're in. Okay. You mentioned that you're working with several teams, and you said there are basically three players. I assume several means more than one and less than four. Is there someone you're not working with in this process? No. We've met with or casually talked to I think all the companies that are dancing in this. You know, each one of those bids, as I mentioned, three bids, will probably include three or four companies. You know, it's pretty close to the same folks that are doing decommissioning and the type of work we're talking about now, and, you know, that we're in. It's the same group of folks that are getting their feet wet on this. Again, as I mentioned, because we're doing the USS McKee, which is really like it's one of three ships that have been done recently in the last five years, it's a really good qualification. Our client's very happy. We're right on schedule. It's quite a complicated project. It puts us in a good position to really help the team out. We are not priming. We'll be a primary sub to the big boys or a big boy. That's a great place for you to be on this, on these programs or these efforts. Real quick, DFLAW and the like, would you expect a new contract for that, or do you see that operating under contracts you currently have and just basically being fitted into those contracts? Ross, we do have existing contracts, two that could be used, one with the DOE out of Cincinnati, which is a national contract, an IDIQ contract, which covers most of this kind of waste, that can be used, or we have one with the incumbent for the ITDC contract, the one that just got awarded, that we're not unfortunately with. The one we're with the incumbent on would likely be novated over. It has been in the past, we'd anticipate it to, we just roll it, that right over to them, and be able to support that. I would anticipate that would be the case, if our contract would be novated. Okay. In essence, it's not the situation where we'll be looking for a press release that you've won a major contract, but what we will see is a change in revenues and profitability and things of that nature, cash flow, all that comes with that. That's correct. I'm glad you mentioned that because that's exactly right. We'll likely receive a task order, RFP, that will be very, you know, just handed over to us. Under that contract, we put a proposal together for a certain amount of units, depending on the characteristics of the waste you're talking about. They'd make the award and would have very minimal visibility, but it would pretty much be, as you said, we'd see the increase. Okay. I just have two last questions. Both should be reasonably quick. How close are you to generating meaningfully positive EBITDA? You kicked up a real nice quarter here. It sounds like you're gonna start to kick up some meaningfully more powerful quarters as the year progresses, more profitable quarters. How far away? Can we see positive or meaningful EBITDA next quarter, the quarter we're currently in, Q2? Yeah. We're about obviously halfway through Q2 right now. It looks like where we're sitting at this, at this point in time, we're expecting Q2 to be profitable with a positive income. And, as I said, take advantage of the trajectory we've been on from Q1. Yes, this quarter we're expecting to be at, to use your phrase, meaningful profitability. Congratulations on that. That's a real big positive step. My last question is, given the uniqueness of this company, given the role you play in these opportunities, I mean, quite honestly right now, I would think that your company, to a strategic player, would be worth far more than the $9 and change that it's trading at in the marketplace. Have you been approached by strategics about the idea the company has stated it's interested in being bought, but have you been approached by them at this stage in inquiring as to whether this is a time and what it might take to get you to sell the company now? Yeah, Ross, you know, we get that question frequently. We pretty much have to say we can't comment on folks approaching us as far as acquisition goes, but the standard answer is we're always for sale. I do think that, you know, folks have watched us for quite some time through the COVID period to see if we'll get profitable again and to get over it. I think now that we're demonstrating that, you know, there'll be more interest. I can't comment on anyone talking to us now, Ray. What I will say is the fact that there is an answer you could give if it's no. The fact that you're not saying no will tell me that that's yes. I, well, thank you very much. You guys are doing a real knockout job. I think this is a story that honestly at times feels too good to be true, but you've worked hard at it, so congratulations. Thank you, Ross. Thank you, Ross. Your next question for today is coming from Anthony Harpel, a private investor. Hey, guys. good morning. Mark, Ben, hope you both are well, and congratulations on the quarter. Thanks, Anthony. Mark, can you please give us an update on the status of the treatment facility in the U.K. you are partnering with Westinghouse on? Yeah, Anthony. I know it's kind of complicated. What it comes down to is we put that agreement together with Westinghouse and really spent a lot of time on it. The way it's written is it's primarily contingent on award of the JRC contract. That was important to us, we had a base contract, base revenue, base margin that would be generated to cover our costs for that facility. The arrangement we have right now is we have a term sheet with Westinghouse. We have initial designs developed. We're working with them today on designs regularly on some modifications of different types of technologies we'll be deploying in the facility. We're waiting to hear on the JRC bid. If we win the JRC bid, we'll sit down with Westinghouse again, since, you know, a couple years has gone by since we did the agreement, make sure it's all still feasible, and the numbers all work well, which we expect them to, and then make a decision to move forward with capital investment. And then the clock starts. The clock is basically, Westinghouse is saying that we should be able to get through the construction and the permitting phase in 18 months to 24 months. Then we should be fully operational over there in the U.K. Again, this, again, this is at Springfields site. It's just north of Manchester in the U.K. You just answered one of my questions. Permitting and construction would take 18-24 months. That wouldn't begin until you receive confirmation of the JRC contract award. What is the timing of the JRC contract award announcement? Any minute. Any minute. Yeah, there's been informal discussions with them. They are planning to make an award at any time. They've told us that repeatedly. There's some questions that they'll send to the winner, and hopefully that's us. The winner will have some time to get through those questions, and then they'll make an announcement. That's my understanding of the process. What might be the size of that contract? It's in the $40 million range for the initial. Actually, maybe closer to $45 million. The initial scope of work, the RFP, or the project is for seven years within the contract. They've requested in the RFP that that be extended to 10 years, to provide capacity for other waste backlog and inventory they've got on site. It would likely grow from that, and really not start generating revenue for us for about a year. It'll be about $1 million a year for the first year or so, a million and a half, and then waste starts to ship in about 18 months. The 40 to 45, is that I mean, if you win that award, so would that 40 to 45 flow to you and Westinghouse entirely? Would the amount of revenues that would flow to you and Westinghouse be some portion of that $40 million-$45 million over time? Anthony, this is still in procurement space. I'm getting a little uncomfortable talking too much about the bid itself. I probably should withhold answering that question until an announcement's made, and then I can explain it to you if we're selected for that contract. You know, any time you're in a procurement spot, you surely don't wanna assume that we don't have competitors listening and that type of thing. Okay. Can you comment on what would likely be the production capacity of this U.K. plant if you go ahead and build it? You know, it, there's a lot of variables, in regards to that question, Anthony, relative to the size of the final design, backlog, all those types of things. I would anticipate, our portion of revenue, again, it would be a partnership with Westinghouse, would be between $10 million and $20 million at full capacity annually. What about though, just in terms of the amount of waste that this facility could treat? Yeah, I couldn't answer that at this point because it all depends on the types of streams we're receiving, you know, whether it's a combustible waste stream or a sludge or some other process waste. It'll be a complete variety of different types of waste. What it basically is going to be, and this is in our press release, it's going to be the same technology that we have at our Richland facility, we'll be deploying at this facility. It'll be 2 incinerators. They'll be obviously brand new with the latest technology, it'll be an upgrade from what we've got now. We've already made some engineering modifications to those to be super efficient, and a lot less expensive to operate. We're excited about what these, what this facility is gonna look like. It sounds like designs are still a work in process that you both, if you do win this award, haven't settled on what the final design might look like. Do you have a sense at this point of what it would likely cost to build this facility if you get the business that you're expecting? Yeah, I really can't get into that either at this point, Anthony. It'd be such a, it's such a. Just too many variables at this point to define, because a lot of it depends on the Westinghouse component of it. We're providing the technology for treatment. They're providing the facility and the permit. That's what's changing a lot, you know, whether we use an old facility or put a new facility in, whether they add other capacity or capabilities to that facility. Those questions haven't been all worked out yet. Okay. All right. I'll stop there. Just one other question related to, one of the data points that you did provide in this call, which was your backlog. I believe the number was $9.4 million. How much of that is treatment versus services? Hi, Anthony. I'll clarify. The $9.4 is all treatment. It's our waste backlog. Our service backlog, well, at the quarter, it sat at $25.3 million, that's because we had about $5 million of these new awards we talked about that were unsigned. Those are now signed. To this day, it's approximately $30 million i n services. Okay. All right. Thank you, gentlemen. Great job. Keep up the good work. Thank you, Anthony. Your next question is coming from Aaron Warwick at Breakout Investors. Hey, guys. Thanks for taking the call. Hey, Aaron. I think pretty much everything's been covered. Just had 2 quick things I wanted to confirm with you. First of all, as it relates to the DFLAW facility, it's my understanding, and I want to see if this is correct, that the DOE can't really continue operating that facility without you guys taking care of the secondary waste because they have no ability to store it or take care of it themselves on site. Is that accurate? That's a pretty definitive statement. Right now, I would say that there's no other treatment capacity available for the secondary waste coming off of DFLAW, which is why the ROD was written the way it was, the amendment to the ROD. So there is very, very limited capacity to treat that waste that would come off. I don't know what else they could possibly do with it, or they would have defined it in that ROD amendment. So I think it's a true statement. Yeah, very diplomatic way for you to say what I said. Yeah. As it relates to TBI, the only other thing I wanted to ask about, it's my understanding that there's about 500,000-600,000 gallons of waste that could be treated using TBI that would, you know, obviously, there has to be the permitting and all of that. You know, let's say that that all came through tomorrow, that they would be able to send that to you. In other words, once you complete this test of the 2,000 gallons successfully, that it's just a matter of getting that permitting going and stuff, and there is waste ready to be sent to you if they chose to go that route. Is that accurate? That is completely accurate. They have what they call the TSCR, T-S-C-R. TSCR is pulling waste out of those tanks now, stripping the cesium and iodine off the that waste so that it's considered low level and strontium. I should say cesium and strontium. That waste is being accumulated in a separate tank. DOE's goal is to have 800,000 gallons pulled out of those big tanks into that temporary tank by the end of this year. What we've met with DOE on several times is trying to convince them that, "Hey, that 800,000 gallons, don't stop pulling that waste out of the tank waiting for DFLAW. Why don't you just go ahead and grout that, the waste that's in that tank and keep the TSCR moving, and, not wait for DFLAW? That's a consideration that DOE has in front of them. I don't know if they'll consider that. I'm not sure. Again, that gets back to the roadmap, that waste could be grouted, tomorrow, and, it could be pulled off of that temporary tank. Yeah, and to your point, there was testimony by Ike White in the Senate in April that indicated, you know, that they're gonna be moving forward with TBI in addition to the DFLAW facility. That seems like a possibility. I guess also then, the final thing for me, as it relates to, TBI would be, it seems like all of the stakeholders for the first time since this was first proposed, and I think 2016, seem to be on the same page now, including I know there was talk of the tribes, but also the labor union seem to be supportive of this. I think perhaps realizing that DFLAW is gonna move forward and that TBI is not a competitor but rather a supplement. Is that a fair statement to say the winds seem to have changed in that direction? That is a fair statement, and it's been the result of work for the folks who have been supporting TBI, particularly us and a few other companies that support us. But that is true. And I think it's come to fruition that the folks have realized that the value the grouting it provides for closing some tanks, and how much sense it makes. It's been a long time getting that point across. And we do want to emphasize it's all as a supplement to DFLAW. You know, We certainly respect DOE's investment in that capability and the reason they're doing it. Hopefully, if you look at the numbers, Aaron, hopefully DFLAW gets going full speed ahead and TBI does in parallel. It certainly is a big opportunity for us. Hey, thank you, guys. Appreciate it. Good luck. Thanks, Aaron. Your next question is coming from Avi Fisher at Longcast Advisors. Hi, Mark. Thanks for taking all these questions. Just one. I apologize if it's been asked, but I was curious about just overall availability of labor and what you're seeing in the sort of industrial labor markets on your end. Thank you. Avi, that's a good question. Labor has been a risk for us. I mentioned, I think it was the fourth quarter call that I think we described it as a headwind for us. We had a pretty big exodus of labor in December because the DOE site at Hanford had a big hiring spree. They had a big early retirement initiative. We lost a lot of people, and that impacted our Q4 numbers. We were able to hire quickly through the month of December into January. It takes about 1 month for someone off the street to become trained at the technician level. We had an impact to January, February productivity. March was fantastic. People were rolling. We do have a few job openings now, but the surge of folks leaving has definitely subsided. just a one here, two there kind of an impact. So to answer your question, it looks like the labor headwinds are behind us, and we've been able to project a Q2 with very limited labor impact, if any. that's one reason why we've been able to get healthy is getting that problem behind us. we don't see it happening anymore. it could at Hanford particularly, but right now it looks like we've got it behind us, and the impacts are limited. Thank you. Thank you, Avi. Your next question for today is coming from Chuck Dickerson, a private investor. Good morning. Just one question on supply for doing the grouting of raw materials. You know, if you could do 30,000 a month, scaling up to 1 million gallons a year and, you know, hopefully maybe you get something even before the DFLAW. Either way, you know, you obviously have a timeline of your own and a roadmap of your own. Where do you stand on that with regard to assuring the raw material supply for all this grouting you're gonna need to do? That's gonna be a heck of a lot of material. Can you speak to whether you source that supply from multiple sources? Can you source it domestically as well? Yeah. We've had problems in the past, Chuck. Again, I think it was the fourth quarter we had our supplier had some issues getting us what we needed. Because we do grouting all the time now, so it's not, it's not just for TBI. TBI certainly, as you mentioned, is a significant increase in volume. We do have other sources we can get grout from if there was a shortage. It's not. It's basically a recipe of cement, based on some very defined, specific characteristics and chemistry. We don't see that as a problem. There's multiple sources that we could get this from, and we don't see that as a primary risk at this point in time. Okay. Thank you. Mm-hmm. Your next question for today is coming from Steven Fine at Sofine LLC. Good day. Congratulations on a nice quarter. I got 2 questions. First question, Mark, is it not true in the ROD that came out in January that they accented that they wanted everything shipped by truck, shipped short-term, in addition, like sections like on the treatment of acetonitrile would, you know, really ensure your position versus competition? Yes. That's an important point, Steven Fine. The nuance with any other type of waste treatment that we do and anybody does in commercially in Hanford is the DFLAW project requires that the waste that comes off as secondary waste goes back to the Hanford site for disposal in the local landfill that they've got, which is a very large investment, a brand new landfill to support these initiatives. Because of that, it would not ever make sense to ship waste off-site, or excuse me, out of the region for treatment and ship it back to Hanford for disposal. It does provide an additional barrier of entry for other companies in support of the DFLAW program to have anything but a local opportunity for waste treatment. My second question is. Thank you. My second question is, when you get the business re-relating to the TBI, and then if simultaneously you're getting secondary waste from DFLAW, have you considered handling both of these, or would that represent, you know, extraordinary issues for you? Is this something that, you know you could do? In other words, you would be treating directly, but also treating secondary waste. Yeah. No, we would need to make some capital improvements if we were to get full capacity at both those facilities, both TBI grouting and DFLAW. We do expect, as I mentioned before, to ramp up through 2025. We don't see that ever being a critical path for us. We can handle a significant amount of grouting now and a significant amount of DFLAW waste now with the capacity we've got. I don't see that happening until or needing that capacity until late 25 at the earliest. We would worry about those then, those capital improvements then. All in, I think, you know, to get the full capacity for all the waste streams, again, it wouldn't be more than about $5 million-$10 million of capital improvements. All right. When you're talking about some of the European stuff beyond this plant you're talking in England, like when you're talking about Germany, where is that gonna be done? Is that gonna be done in Germany? Is that gonna be done here? Like, you know, for example, if you did work in Germany, where would that be done? Where would the actual work? We're getting waste from Germany now. The waste we're getting now from Germany, it goes to Perma-Fix Northwest. It's... The primary... I take it back. There is about 10% that goes to our Oak Ridge facility, DSSI, as well. Primarily, the technology that's needed for those, folks over there is the incinerator. We know volume reduce, stabilize the waste, and ship it back to them. We get, you know, 70% or 80% volume reduction, and, it reduces their inventory, their storage inventory footprint, and stabilizes as well. We anticipate that to continue, using that facility. All right. I did catch when I was looking at the financials that particularly on the treatment, you know, your margins were a little down, but it definitely improved, you know, a significant improvement. Do you, do you guys think as time goes on, that you'll be able to, you know, pass on, you know, the extra cost or will that just be a function of, you know, larger volume? Hi, Steve. Yeah, we expect improvement. There was a mix of waste component to the lower margin on the treatment side. Our EWOC facility does a little bit lower margin than our normal waste treatment. As we see the waste treatment volumes at our traditional three facilities ramp up, we expect to see the upward trend on the margins. Okay. I just wanna make a one last statement, to be brief for a change. I do applaud what you're doing. I thought, you know, when you lost the contract and you came out and made the statement how, you know, they're gonna need you and you'll be an integral part of that, you know, and that is such a reality. You know, it'd be nice if you won, but you're needed out there. I think the most important thing that at least I take away from this is the diversification that, you know, you're seeking and it's happening. I, I envision a company here that's going to be a sizable company, like a $150 million-$200 million-plus company without Hanford. If and when Hanford happens, that'll just be icing on the cake. I think it's just a wonderful story. I applaud you all. I applaud the quarter and just congratulations. All right. Appreciate your support, Steve. We have reached the end of the question and answer session. I will now turn the call over to management for any closing remarks. All right. I'd like to thank everyone for participating on our first quarter conference call. We remain extremely confident in the outlook for the business. We appreciate the continued support of our shareholders, and we look forward to providing further updates as developments unfold through Q two. Thank you very much. This concludes today's conference, and you may disconnect your lines at this time. Thank you for your participation.