Good morning. My name is Charlie, and I'll be the conference operator today. At this time, I would like to welcome everyone to the Paramount Global first quarter 2022 earnings conference call. All lines have been muted to prevent any background noise. After the speaker's remarks, there will be a Q&A session. If you'd like to ask a question during this time, simply press star followed by one on your telephone keypad. If you'd like to withdraw your question, please press star followed by two. In order to get to as many questions as possible, we ask that you please limit yourself to one question. At this time, I would now like to turn the call over to Anthony DiClemente, Paramount Global's EVP, Investor Relations. You may now begin your conference call. Good morning, everyone. Thank you for taking the time to join us for our first quarter 2022 earnings call. Joining me for today's discussion are Bob Bakish, our President and CEO, and Naveen Chopra, our CFO. Please note that in addition to our earnings release, we have trending schedules containing supplemental information available on our website. I wanna remind you that certain statements made on this call are forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. These risks and uncertainties are discussed in more detail in our filings with the SEC. Some of today's financial remarks will focus on adjusted results. Reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures can be found in our earnings release or in our trending schedules, which contain supplemental information and in each case can be found in the investor relations section of our website. Now I will turn the call over to Bob. Good morning, everyone. I'm excited to update you on our results for the first time since we unveiled the new Paramount brand and the Paramount vision in February. As we said then, the Paramount brand represents the best in media and entertainment, and we pride ourselves on delivering superior content across platforms to fans all around the world. Today's results show we're already executing on that vision. We have strong momentum across our business, from our fast-growing streaming services and top box office films to our highly rated television programming, and we're on track to deliver against the long-term goals we laid out at our recent investor event. I think you will see this as Naveen walks you through the details of our segment financials shortly. First, I wanna talk to you about the key to our success, our differentiated playbook. A playbook anchored in the broad positioning only Paramount holds in the market. A playbook comprised of four self-reinforcing elements. First, our broad collection of exciting, engaging content. Second, our diversified streaming business model, offering free ad-supported and paid subscription options. Third, our wide-ranging set of platforms, combining streaming with broadcast, cable and theatrical. Fourth, our truly global operating footprint. This differentiated playbook is what makes Paramount unique, and it is a playbook which was designed from the start to leverage our specific asset base to create an advantage streaming model, one with a superior financial outlook relative to pure-play legacy streamers. As you'll hear today, we drew on these strengths to drive consumption and monetization across our business in first quarter. Total content consumption has grown to 14 billion hours on our owned and operated platforms. We're also seeing continued total company revenue growth, excluding the impact of the Super Bowl. Streaming momentum is clearly evident, where Paramount+ led the way, adding 6.8 million subscribers globally, once again making it one of the fastest-growing streaming subscription services in the quarter and bringing our total D2C sub base to more than 62 million. We also continue to dominate the free ad-supported streaming TV space, with Pluto TV growing to 67.5 million monthly active users globally. With that, let me break down how our four key differentiators, broad content, diversified streaming business model, wide range of platforms, and global operating footprint drove growth in first quarter and will continue to drive performance through the rest of the year and beyond. First, as always, is content. Paramount's diversity and quality of content sets us apart from the competition. We've got movies, scripted and unscripted originals, kids and family, news, sports, and events. We've got animation and live action, and we serve audiences of all ages, all over the country and all around the world. You can see this breadth in our success this quarter. In the U.S., Paramount is the only film studio to have four films open number one at the box office this year with Scream, Jackass Forever, The Lost City, and Sonic the Hedgehog two. Next up, we have the hotly anticipated Top Gun: Maverick for Memorial Day weekend. In television, CBS is once again the most-watched network for the fourteenth consecutive season. This despite not having the Super Bowl or the Olympics. Our international broadcasters are also strong as TF1 and Chilevisión continue to be number one in their markets, and share for Channel 5 in U.K. is up 10%. Pluto remains the number one free ad-supported streaming TV service in the U.S. by a significant margin. You now see the incredible Paramount content engine definitively driving streaming, particularly at Paramount+. This quarter, we saw engagement go up in all content verticals year- over- year, and movies and specials, scripted original series, and kids and family each more than doubled. Here are just a few of the top performance from Paramount+ in the quarter. Starting with movies. Paramount movies are a powerful driver for Paramount+. Films were the number two content vertical in driving new subscribers, and we saw triple-digit lifts in number of households viewing and hours streamed year- over- year. Our approach to Paramount Film releases directly following their theatrical window brought Scream and Jackass Forever to the service in March, where our 45-day fast follow model continued to deliver strong metrics, including strong ROI. I'm excited to see Lost City and Sonic Two coming to the service in the next few weeks. Worth noting, Sonic Two is outperforming Sonic One, and Paramount and Sega are also developing a third Sonic theatrical film and a first-ever original Sonic series for Paramount+ next year. All of this content will make Paramount+ the home for this incredibly popular franchise. Live sports also continued to perform for Paramount+. The NFL playoffs grew strongly year-over-year, and in April, the Masters became the most streamed golf event ever on Paramount+. For fans of the beautiful game, we are now in UEFA season, which will include Paramount+ and CBS Sports showcasing the highly anticipated UEFA Champions League final, featuring the top soccer clubs in Europe at the end of this month. The first quarter was also huge for Paramount+ scripted originals. The compelling and incredibly popular Yellowstone origin story, 1883, from creator, producer Taylor Sheridan, was once again a juggernaut. It holds the top spot for acquisition and is the number one streaming original ever for the service in terms of new domestic subscribers and engagement. Our latest Star Trek installment, Star Trek: Picard, also thrilled fans in the quarter. Building on the strong performance of Picard and Star Trek: Discovery, we're excited to bring the debut of Star Trek: Strange New Worlds to audiences this week. The quarter also saw our best-performing Spanish language scripted series yet. In fact, Más allá de la voz had the strongest acquisition and streaming performance across all original international titles to debut on Paramount+ U.S. to date. Filmed in Mexico, the show is a shining example of the power of our global production capabilities. Then there's Halo. This epic adaptation, bringing to life the action and adventure of the immensely popular Halo game series, is a huge global hit. In fact, it became the most streamed original series premiere in its first weekend of release on Paramount+. Rest assured, there's more coming, including Taylor Sheridan's Tulsa King starring Sylvester Stallone and the next season of Mayor of Kingstown, another season of SEAL Team, a Beavis and Butt-Head movie and series, and a lot more kids and family programming, including season two of our SpongeBob spinoff, Kamp Koral. That plus a packed reality slate with hits like season three of The Challenge: All Stars. Our second differentiator is our broad streaming business model. While many legacy streamers are re-thinking their paid-only models, our mix of free ad-supported and paid subscription streaming options has been a hallmark of our strategy from the start, offering viewers the freedom to choose the plan that's right for them and giving us access to the largest global total addressable market while providing the benefit of dual revenue streams. With another strong quarter, Pluto TV continues to be a global leader in free ad-supported TV. The service continues to grow in users, engagement, and revenue. Pluto launched more than 102 new channels internationally in the quarter for a total of now more than 1,000 global channels of great entertainment on the platform. Global TV viewing hours have grown by double digits year- over- year. It's worth noting that one of the things that makes Pluto TV so special is that rather than seeing it as strictly an alternative to other services, many viewers see it as complementary to linear and paid streaming. In fact, 80% of Pluto's customers also subscribe to paid streaming services. Now, we all know people consume content on a variety of platforms. Some shows are worth the subscription, so you can watch them the moment they drop. Some movies are meant to be seen on the big screen, and for big games, you just have to watch it live on broadcast TV or Paramount+. That's why our broad set of platforms is a powerful third differentiator. Our deep expertise and expansive reach across theatrical, broadcast, cable, and streaming gives us multiple advantages the legacy streamers don't have. Strong promotional platforms to market and launch content, and multiple revenue streams to generate return on every dollar of content investment. Remember, they created the massive libraries we have that are now generating significant incremental consumption at incredibly low cost. We see the power of the multi-platform advantage in the performance of our films. Our four number ones, for example, opened in theaters backed by promotion across the entire company, and we were able to springboard off the theatrical marketing to drive performance as titles launch on Paramount+. You saw this approach with Scream and Jackass, and you will see it in the coming weeks with The Lost City and Sonic the Hedgehog 2. In addition, as I mentioned with Sonic, we will also launch spinoffs for Paramount+ to further strengthen franchises and deepen fan bases. Based off the success of Jackass Forever, we're working with the creators to continue the partnership with a new series, bringing even more ridiculous antics straight to Paramount+. We also see the power of the multi-platform advantage in the performance of our top linear TV programs. In addition to being the most-watched network in America, CBS continues to be a strong driver of Paramount streaming services. Many of the corner-stones of our CBS lineup, fan favorites like Ghosts, NCIS, and FBI, are also among the strongest performers in streaming. To date this season, CBS has been the source of 17 of the top 30 titles on Paramount+. On Pluto TV, CBS content accounts for 10 of the top 30 series in the quarter. This multi-platform advantage also benefits our advertising partners. When advertisers see the massive scale of our linear and streaming offerings, including services like our Paramount+ Essential tier and our industry-leading Pluto TV FAST service, they instantly recognize that we provide access to a highly valuable, diverse audience in a manner and scale that's hard to match. Through EyeQ, our integrated suite of streaming and creative ad solutions, we give advertisers turnkey access to 80 million full-episode monthly unique viewers. This is a powerful offering in the marketplace, and no one can deliver an audience from across a range of platforms in quite the same way, particularly when we package that with linear TV. The fourth and last major differentiator that sets us apart is our international operating scale. We don't just license outside the United States like some companies. Paramount is a truly global operating company, with teams on the ground in more than 30 markets and 12 studios creating original content around the world. This international presence is unquestionably a powerful advantage when it comes to streaming, and we have moved quickly to benefit from it in a number of meaningful ways. Through our international operations, we have strong relationships, which we have quickly deployed to drive streaming distribution. We have an innovative distribution strategy which comprises a mix of direct-to-consumer and hard bundles with distribution industry leaders like Sky and Canal+ in Europe. These hard bundle relationships have compelling characteristics, quickly unlocking material volumes of subscribers at zero acquisition cost and very low churn. They help maximize reach by complementing our hybrid direct channels and subscribers we acquire through other streaming platforms. At the same time, our local broadcasters provide a powerful channel for promotion and content synergies, which is also additive to penetrating the huge and growing total addressable market outside the United States. All of this is feeding streaming market expansion. This month, we are launching a new version of Pluto in the Nordics in a commercial partnership with NENT. We bring a global platform and global content. With NENT, a market-leading Nordics broadcaster adding local content and local ad monetization capabilities. We believe this will be a compelling growth model, and we see more like this to come as we work with local broadcasters in markets where we don't have a broadcast presence. That said, our global growth is led, of course, by Paramount+. In 2021, we launched Paramount Plus in 25 markets across Latin America, Canada, and Australia. In 2022, we're continuing to expand to more of the biggest markets in the world. Next up is the launch of Paramount Plus in the U.K. and South Korea in June. We'll be in more major European markets, including Italy, Germany, France, Switzerland, and Austria in the second half of the year. We will also begin to roll out SkyShowtime, our exciting capital-efficient joint venture with Comcast. SkyShowtime will bring a rich offering of IP from Paramount and NBCUniversal to territories encompassing 90 million homes, primarily in Eastern Europe. By the end of the year, our combined SVOD premium services, including Paramount Plus and SkyShowtime, will be available in more than 60 markets with more than 60 partners. In addition, we're announcing today that Paramount+ will be distributed in India via our joint venture Viacom18's platforms in 2023. Note that Viacom18 just entered into an agreement related to a significant third-party capital infusion and is poised to become an even more significant streaming player in the market. In closing, by going broad on content, on streaming models, on platforms, and on global reach, we have written and are executing on a differentiated playbook to grow a diversified entertainment company and build a financially attractive business with healthy long-term margins. With that, I'll hand it off to Naveen to talk about the results we're seeing this quarter and the path toward continued growth and even greater heights. Naveen? Thank you, Bob, and good morning, everyone. Our first quarter results reflect how our four strategic differentiators can drive performance at Paramount. Our balanced portfolio of media assets yields not only strategic benefits but financial ones as well. The strong OIBDA generation of our traditional businesses together with our fast-growing D2C business make for a powerful combination. Today, I'd like to highlight some of the key financial and operational results in each of our new reporting segments. Starting with direct-to-consumer. Our dual revenue stream model delivered strong year-over-year growth of 82%, with total D2C revenue reaching nearly $1.1 billion. This growth consisted of an increase in subscription revenue of 95%, aided by the addition of 6.3 million global subscribers in the quarter and 59% advertising revenue growth. Total global streaming subscribers were 62.4 million at quarter end, resulting in $742 million of D2C subscription revenue. first quarter D2C advertising revenue was $347 million, reflecting user growth, increased engagement and monetization across our ad platforms. Paramount Plus added 6.8 million global streaming subscribers in first quarter, bringing our worldwide base to nearly 40 million. The net additions reflect a balance of domestic and international growth, with international benefiting from both direct subscribers and hard bundled offerings. Another example of how our differentiated playbook is driving growth. Paramount Plus saw continued improvement in engagement in first quarter as the breadth of our content portfolio expanded. This is evident in our domestic monthly active rate, which improved quarter-over-quarter and year-over-year. Additionally, we saw double-digit sequential growth rates in hours per active and unique titles streamed per active. Our multi-platform programming expertise helps our customers spend more time with Paramount+ and explore more of our broad content offering. Importantly, this behavior helped drive improvements in average domestic monthly churn in first quarter, which declined quarter-over-quarter and year-over-year to reach its lowest level in two years. Strong engagement also helped drive robust advertising growth, which contributed to total Paramount+ revenue growth of nearly 150% to $585 million, with domestic and international ARPU both higher quarter-over-quarter and year-over-year. Net subscribers on our other streaming services declined in first quarter, primarily due to the timing of new programming. Pluto TV added 3.1 million users in first quarter, bringing our global footprint to 67.5 million MAUs. Revenue grew 51% to $253 million, which translated to strong year-on-year ARPU growth of more than 20% domestically and 7% on a global basis. In line with our previously shared expectations, D2C OIBDA was a loss of $456 million in the quarter, reflecting the investments we are making in content, marketing, and our international expansion plans. Turning to our TV media segment, first quarter revenue declined 6% year-over-year, including an eight percentage point impact from CBS's broadcast of Super Bowl LV in the prior year period. TV media advertising declined 13% versus the year-ago quarter, which included a 17 percentage point impact from the Super Bowl. Adjusting for the Super Bowl, total TV media revenue grew 2% and TV media advertising revenue grew 4%. TV media affiliate revenue grew 1% in the quarter, driven by incremental distribution and contractual rate increases, which were somewhat offset by ecosystem declines, and TV media licensing revenue was roughly flat in the quarter. TV media OIBDA declined 13% in the quarter to $1.5 billion. The year-over-year decline is largely driven by the comparison to the Super Bowl in the prior year and a return to a more normalized programming schedule in 2022 relative to 2021. In Filmed Entertainment, we generated revenue of $624 million, which includes a resurgence in theatrical revenue generated from the release of three number-one movies in first quarter compared to no theatrical releases in the year-ago period. These films are great examples of our broad platforms in action. For instance, Scream, which was released in January, out-performed our original box office expectations and then moved to Paramount+ after 45 days, where it became a top five starts driver and where its contribution to subscription, subscriber acquisition and retention is enhancing overall ROI. Licensing revenue at Filmed Entertainment declined in the quarter due to the comparison against sizable transactions in first quarter of 2021, including Coming to America and Without Remorse. Filmed Entertainment had an OIBDA loss of $37 million, which reflects marketing expense associated with in-quarter and future theatrical releases. Total company first quarter revenue finished down 1%, including a six percentage point impact from the Super Bowl. Excluding the impact of the Super Bowl, total company revenue grew 5%. Total company adjusted OIBDA of $913 million is down year-over-year, which reflects increased investment in D2C, the return to theatrical releases, and the comparison to the Super Bowl in the prior year period. Regarding the year-on-year trend, first quarter results are consistent with our prior commentary, in which we noted that we expect the first half of this year to show a year-over-year decline in consolidated OIBDA, which will then flip to growth in the back half of the year. Turning to the balance sheet, we finished the quarter with $5.3 billion of cash on hand and total debt of $16.8 billion. This reflects the early repayment of nearly $2 billion of debt, as well as the issuance of $1 billion in junior subordinated debt, which took place during the quarter. In April, we used proceeds from the junior subordinated debt offering to redeem approximately $1 billion of additional senior notes. We continue to maintain significant financial flexibility, which will increase with the addition of proceeds from the sale of Simon & Schuster. We also maintain a committed $3.5 billion credit facility that remains undrawn. Turning to our out-look, we continue to expect healthy D2C subscriber and revenue growth, and our full year OIBDA expectations remain largely unchanged, with the exception of the impact from Russia's invasion of Ukraine. As previously announced, we have taken steps to suspend our operations in Russia. This decision will negatively affect full year OIBDA by $70 million-$80 million, the largest component of which will fall to the TV media segment. We're also in the process of reviewing existing hard bundle relationships in Russia. Starting in second quarter, we expect these subscribers will be removed from reported D2C subscribers. This change will reduce second quarter D2C subscriber growth by approximately 3 million subs, roughly two-thirds of which are subscribers to a non-Paramount+ service specific to the Russian market. Except for the removal of subscribers to our services in Russia, our full year D2C sub growth expectations are unchanged. Given the nature of the affected services, the financial contribution is immaterial and is included in the OIBDA impact I just mentioned. Importantly, we remain highly focused on using our differentiated playbook to build our streaming business in a way that can deliver sustainable long-term economics. As we've said previously, our model targets long-term D2C margins that approach TV media. We are bullish about our long-term goal of reaching over 100 million global D2C subscribers and generating at least $9 billion in D2C revenue by 2024. We continue to forecast D2C OIBDA losses will be greatest in 2023 and then improve in 2024. We have significant growth ahead. Our broad content offering has proven appeal. Our dual revenue stream model is enhancing ARPU and attracting subscribers. Our content investments are capturing returns across both traditional and streaming platforms, and our global footprint is delivering strategic and financial benefits. With that, operator, can you please open the line for questions? At this time, I would like to remind everyone in order to ask your question, please press star followed by one on your telephone keypad. In order to get as many questions as possible, we ask that you please limit yourself to just one question. Our first question comes from Brett Feldman of Goldman Sachs. Brett, your line is now open. Yeah, thanks for taking the question. I'll just sort of jump into the big debate. You know, investors are increasingly concerned that the streaming market is becoming saturated. As you think about your own business and as you're looking to sustain the momentum we've seen in Paramount+ over the last couple of quarters, you know, what are the key things you need to execute against this year to meet the subscriber targets that you've outlined? I'm curious whether you've been making any adjustments behind the scenes to your go-to-market strategy or your content strategy based on any shifts you've seen unfold in the market or maybe just the macro back-drop. Thank you. Yeah, sure, Brett. Let me dive in there. Look, definitely a lot of conversation about the space, but I'd make three points in response to your question. The first one is we continue to believe that the TAM today in streaming is huge and that it will continue to grow. Related to that, we believe the TAMs that we target is even larger than most people think, because as you know, we believe in both pay and free offerings, including lower cost advertising-supported options. That means we appeal to the broadest potential number of consumers. While there's no question that market sentiment has moved out around a little bit, we continue to think that consumers are only moving in one direction, and we're very excited about the potential there. Second, as a company, we're early in penetrating the market, so there is tremendous runway ahead of us. If you look at the momentum that we are seeing, including in the last couple of quarters, we feel very good about getting there. Third, in terms of how we're going after the market, as we said, we're running a differentiated playbook, taking our broad content, this broad streaming business model spanning free and pay with dual revenue streams, ad and subscription, multiple platforms, broadcast, cable, theatrical, plus streaming, and this global operating footprint. We're putting all that together in a unique model which really drives streaming momentum and builds us to a more attractive financial model, where we're able to produce similar margins, we believe, to legacy streamers at a lower scale. Despite all that conversation, nothing has changed in the context of our thinking. Again, we see tremendous momentum here, and we're very excited about the road ahead. Thanks a lot, Brett. Next question, please. Perfect. Our next question comes from Michael Morris of Guggenheim. Michael, your line is now open. Thank you. Good morning, guys. Maybe I'll follow up on that question. Bob, you just kind of touched on margins. I'm hoping maybe you could expand on that a little bit. You know, if you look at the legacy media business, there's a pretty broad range of margin profiles between theatrical, broadcast, cable nets, et cetera. This Netflix earnings call, I think, you know, really brought up the topic of running into some margin expansion pressure on the streaming side. I'd just love to hear maybe a little more about your response to that last question on what you think of the margin profile over time. Also, if I could just sneak one more in, because you brought up the India expansion, which was new. I'm hoping maybe you could share a little bit more detail on the opportunity that you see there and remind us of the assets you have in place that give you a foundation for success there. Thanks, guys. Yeah, sure. Why don't we do it in reverse order? I'll take India, and then I'll flip the margin question to Naveen. On India, look, that's a fundamentally attractive market. It's a market that's already at scale and has a tremendous future ahead of it in the context of media. As I think you know, since its inception, Viacom18 has been a significant player in the market. The recent agreement with Bodhi Tree, we look at that as a compelling way to really drive the next level of growth. Obviously, they're gonna make a significant capital infusion into the business. When we look at India and we think about our current situation, I would really just highlight three things. The first thing is we really like Viacom18. It's the model we like. It has broad reach television networks, including, you know, the market-leading Colors brand, combined with a film business, Hindi film business. It's both national and regional, and of course, has streaming assets as well, all underpinned by a strong local content engine. That's the model we like in general. Second thing is our core partner there is Reliance. That's arguably the strongest and most powerful company in India, and they also own the telecom market leader, Jio. We think that's great. As I said, now Viacom18 is set up to be even a bigger player in the market, including in streaming. We look at that as a great opportunity for Paramount+. As I said in my remarks, we're gonna enter in 2023, and we're gonna do so in a very capital efficient, hard bundle way. We think that's a great route into that market. I would also note that India will be incremental to our 100 million sub guidance. It's early days, so we're still at the point of deciding what we wanna put out there, but it's definitely incremental to our guide. Naveen, on the margins? Yeah. With respect to the question about margins in streaming, I think it's very important to understand that as a diversified media company, we have the ability to fundamentally change the economics of streaming. I think we're the only player that is truly scaled across broadcast, cable, and both paid streaming and free streaming services, and that has real economic benefit for us. I'll give you a couple of examples. First, with respect to content, you see a lot of pure play streamers that have to spend billions of dollars a year renting library content. We have that in-house. Library content is responsible for a large share of viewing on streaming services, and it's absolutely critical to subscriber retention. For us, we're able to not only avoid $ billions in rental expense. We've actually now learned that we can use our own library for retention while also getting paid by third parties for non-exclusive rights. That's a significant benefit to our streaming P&L, if you will. Another example in the marketing area, as many people know, launching new shows is expensive. Not uncommon to see a big scripted original need $ tens of millions of marketing support to build an audience. Our model helps avoid those costs really in two ways. We have a lot of existing IP, well-known IP, large franchises that have built-in audiences that we can bring to streaming. Think of PAW Patrol or an 1883 coming off a Yellowstone, a franchise like Sonic, and even big CBS shows like FBI, NCIS, et cetera. We've been able to bring those to streaming with very limited incremental marketing expenses. Second on the marketing front, we have access to a lot of very valuable, very powerful promotional inventory across the broadcast, cable, digital, and social channels that we run. You saw us utilize this during the AFC Championship Game where we were promoting Halo with some great integrated experiences. That's a broadcast that reached over 30 million viewers. That would be very expensive to leverage if you were a pure play streamer and you didn't own that promotional inventory. You take those kinds of benefits, which again, are unique to our position, as a diversified media company, and you can see how that really adds up to a significant difference in overall streaming economics. Great. Thanks, Mike. Next question. Our next question comes from Bryan Kraft of Deutsche Bank. Bryan, your line is now open. Hi. Good morning. Naveen, I wanted to ask you a question on content spend. It looks like total cash content spend last year was about $2.5 billion higher than total programming and production expense. It looks like that difference will probably be about the same this year, and that represents about a 60 percentage point drag on free cash flow conversion in both years. I guess I wanted to ask you first, I guess, do you agree with that observation, that math? If so, could you just maybe help us think through when we might start to see meaningful decreases in the drag on free cash flow conversion from that content investment? Or, you know, put another way, when do you see that ratio of cash content spend to P&L expense decrease materially? Thanks. Yeah. Thanks, Brian. Yes, there is a gap between cash content spend and content expense or amort, but we do expect that to improve and therefore overall free cash flow. I should say we expect it to narrow and therefore overall free cash flow conversion to improve. The gap you're seeing today between cash and amort is primarily related to two dynamics. Number one, the return of our production to more normalized levels post-COVID. Number two, continued growth and investment around streaming content. I think on the COVID piece, we expect to see that easing through the remainder of 2022. Streaming investment will obviously continue to ramp through 2024, though the growth rate does slow over time. As that growth rate slows, the gap between cash and expense will start to narrow. In parallel, we also, as I've spoken about before, continue to drive a number of different working capital improvements that should help overall free cash flow conversion. Hopefully that gives you some sense of what to expect on the trends there. Thanks, Bryan. Next question. Our next question comes from Rich Greenfield of Lightshed Partners. Rich, your line is now open. Hi. Thanks. We're gonna ask a couple of questions. I don't get to ask many questions on conference calls. Bob, you know, I think you made a pretty active decision last year to move Halo from Showtime over to Paramount+, which I think has done pretty well the way you've talked about Halo. It does seem though, when you look at sort of, Showtime losing subscribers this quarter, I presume, it sort of just raises the question of, like, why is it important for Paramount to own Showtime? It seems like it's a pretty obvious asset either to be incorporated into Paramount+, but it also has real, obviously, strategic value. Like, you could spin it off, you could probably merge it with someone like Starz. Like, it just seems like there is, it's confusing in terms of you have to figure out where to put content internally. If you could just help us think through the strategic logic of keeping Showtime as a separate brand inside of Paramount, that would be great. Then too, more of just a housekeeping point. The ARPU of Paramount+ globally is like $5.39. That includes ads and subscription. You know, when you look at sort of the strength of the connected TV ad market overall over the last year, just curious, like, where are you in terms of ad ARPUs or anything you could sort of highlight? What is dragging down that overall ARPU, which looks like it's down a few percent year-over-year? What's weighing on that? Is that international? Is that distribution deals like T-Mobile? Like, just help us understand why the ARPU isn't a lot higher than $5.39 would be great. Yeah, sure, Rich. I'll take the first one, and then Naveen will take the ARPU question. On a total company basis, as you know, we added 6.3 million subs. Paramount+ added 6.8 million. De facto, the other category, which is what we report, we report Paramount+ and total, so by definition, other declined about 500,000. That other category includes Showtime, also includes BET+ and Noggin and some other smaller international streaming services. If you look at that category of other, yes, it declined 500,000 in the quarter, but it added 5 million subs last year. It's not inconsequential to the success and momentum of our streaming business. It's not just Showtime. If you look at first quarter, a couple of those services were impacted by timing of programming availability. That was a factor. Big picture, you know, we view a combination of a broad service, in this case, Paramount Plus, plus specific surrogate services which target specific consumer segments, things like Noggin, things like Showtime, as additive to going after the largest TAM. Again, our streaming history has proven that they are additive, ex first quarter. We continue to believe that's a good strategy. We do make decisions of where to put programming. As you pointed out, last year, we moved Halo from Showtime to Paramount Plus because we viewed Paramount Plus as the broader platform, and that was a better place for that show. We moved The Man Who Fell to Earth the other direction. We thought that was a better place for that show. We think about these things, but we really look at the constellation of services. The other point I'd make is we are on a path to integrate these much more. Sure, we do a commercial bundle today with Paramount+ and Showtime, but as we've said, in the summer, you're gonna be able to get Showtime within Paramount+. As an additional option, and that'll set us up because we have the opportunity to do that with other brands as well. Again, serving super fans with a super broad offering, but still offering some à la carte options, we think is the right strategy. That's how we're thinking about it, Rich. On the ARPU point, Naveen? Yeah. A couple things on ARPU. In terms of the year-on-year trends that you were asking about, Rich, that really is a function of the mix between international and domestic. We've obviously grown, well I should say we've launched in a number of international markets and grown our subscriber base there over the course of the last year. That mix is skewing a little more international than it was a year ago. Given that it's the mix that is driving that number, I think it's more helpful to look at the individual components, which is to say, you know, look at what happened with domestic ARPU and international ARPU separately. When you look at it that way, both of those numbers, domestic and international ARPU, improved both quarter-over-quarter and year-over-year in first quarter. Drivers of each are a little bit different. On the domestic side, that ARPU benefited from the fact we had a lot of folks in a free trial state in fourth quarter. As we said back then, we expected they would convert and become paid subscribers in first quarter, which did happen. On the international side, ARPU continues to benefit from the fact that the subs we're adding are coming from markets where ARPU tends to be higher than sort of our install base, where we started in some smaller Latin American markets. That's sort of the trend for first quarter. In terms of where we see that going in the future and how big could it get relative to other industry peers, we do think there is upside potential. It's a combination of both growth in ad ARPU as well as continued strength on the subscription piece of it. I would remind you that as we said last quarter, domestic paid ARPU is around $9, and that actually grew in first quarter relative to fourth quarter as well. That gives you some sense of sort of the long-term potential when you look at it separately between domestic and international. Thanks, Rich. We'll take the next question. Our next question comes from Benjamin Swinburne of Morgan Stanley. Benjamin, your line is now open. Thanks. Good morning. Two questions, one on the ad market and then one on D2C through the rest of this year. Obviously a lot of concern around the macro back-drop. Can you guys talk a little bit about what you're seeing in advertising, both as you head into the upfront, and also curious on the FAST Pluto front, if there's been any slowdown or anything you're picking up on the advertising side and how we might want to think about that for second quarter? You have a lot going on this year in D2C. You got a lot of new market launches, some hard bundle launches, particularly with Sky. Could you just help us think about the rest of the year in terms of cadence? You know, which quarters you think might be bigger than others based on what you know today around your partnerships and anything on the content slate we should be thinking about? Thank you. Sure, Ben. A lot in there. Let me try to take it quickly. On the ad side, look, on an apples-to-apples basis, i.e., if you adjust for the Super Bowl comp, first quarter is a solid growth quarter for us. We were up 4% in TV media. That was based on strength in local and international sports too. If you add the D2C business in, the total again, ex Super Bowls business grew about 8%. That's solid. In terms of under the covers, you know, it was a bit mixed. We had strength in a bunch of categories like travel, like movies, like retail. We also saw some weakness in categories like wireless, auto, pharma. That weakness was really driven by a mix of kind of supply chain and what I'd call general ramp out of COVID headwinds. I would point out that as we look at the market, we see political as a very significant plus in the second half of the market. That's how we're looking at it. You did mention the upfront. I will say we are super excited about the upfront. As you know, we're coming back to Carnegie Hall in real life, live and in person, on May 18. We'll showcase the power of Paramount. We'll show our full- range of demographics, the combination of our linear and digital platforms, including, of course, EyeQ, which gets you 80 million full episode viewers. We'll show you advanced advertising solutions, including the use of three alternate measurement currencies to get some optionality in the marketplace. Obviously, we'll bring our best-in-class ad creative and integration. It is built off just a truly incredible content line-up, entertainment, sports, tent-poles, you name it. We're very excited going into this upfront. Naveen, you wanna touch on Pluto, and then I'll come back to the international point? Yeah, sure. You know, look, in terms of Pluto, there was a little bit of softness in first quarter, but similar to Bob's comments, I think that was driven entirely by market dynamics and categories that are impacted by supply chain, or in some cases, comping against categories that had a real COVID bump in the prior year period. I wouldn't lose sight of the fact that Pluto revenue still grew more than 50% off a billion-dollar base. Which by the way, is despite some changes that we made to reduce ad load in order to continue to improve and evolve our user experience, which I think will benefit long-term engagement and monetization. That all translated to compelling ARPU trends in the quarter. I mentioned, domestic ARPU being up more than 20%, international ARPU growing at an even faster clip than that. Looking forward, we think, the strong user engagement, strong user growth and engagement trends, probably will continue to drive monetization. There will be some impact from the overall ad market, based on, some of the dynamics that Bob described there. Big picture, you know, Pluto is a business where, the combination of structural growth and our significant leadership position, allow us to offset some of those cyclical headwinds by a very, very significant margin. Yeah. Then real quick, yes, the back half of the year is busy in D2C. Obviously we've got a great content slate coming. Very excited about that. The real volume of activity, arguably on a year-over-year basis, is international launches, U.K., and South Korea in June. Then we roll to Italy, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, France, through the remainder of the year. All of that enabled by obviously our streaming platform and content lineup, but very importantly, our local teams on the ground, building on relationships we have, including our bundle relationships. Tremendous amount of activity as we scale Paramount+ very quickly. It's gonna be an exciting year. Great. We'll take our next question. Our next question comes from Philip Cusick of J.P. Morgan. Phil, your line is now open. Thank you. Good morning. One follow-up on streaming and one on theatrical. First, AVOD and ad-light models seem to be becoming the norm rather than the exception. Does that change your view on your differentiation around Paramount+ and Pluto? Second, can you comment on the state of the box office? You had two or three strong releases recently. Where do you see appetite for theater growing today in the U.S. and globally versus 2019? Do you think tent-pole movies can do a large percentage of their 2019 potential at this point? Thanks, guys. Yeah, sure. I guess in reverse order, 'cause the first one's quicker. Box office, we're feeling very good about it. We just got some research that on the domestic side, consumer comfort is at 87%. That is the highest level since the pandemic began. You know, we've released a number of films, all of which are number one to date. The third one, The Lost City, was a real canary in the coal mine in a good way because that was an older female audience that came to the theater. The first two were younger male audiences, which we were less worried about showing up. Of course, Sonic, our fourth one did very well. That's a broader family audience. We like what we're seeing. Our sense now is box office for 2022 will probably be down about 20% versus 2019, which we think is pretty good. We feel good about it, and we're super excited going into Memorial Day weekend with Top Gun: Maverick. We're actually going to the San Diego premiere on Wednesday night. We think that's gonna be awesome. We showed it at CinemaCon in Vegas to the theater owners, and literally I've never read tweets like that. People were just incredibly gushing about it. The perfect tent pole was one of the comments I saw. We're feeling good about theatrical. We're very happy to be in the business. We think it's good standalone business and clearly drives streaming. To your first question on streaming and advertising. Look, we were early to that game. We led it because we believed in it when other people didn't. We still believe and we are a leader and we are differentiated. This is not an easy business to replicate. It starts with an integrated strategy that spans free and paid streaming and leadership in free for sure and growing on the paid side, including obviously Paramount+ Essential. It also extends to multi-platform. Advertising goes across broadcast, cable, and streaming. We have leadership positions in broadcast and cable too. It's non-trivial to stitch all that together. Add to that content, which is both libraries, primarily libraries on the free side with Pluto and originals. You heard some of the stats. Paramount Global library powers our streaming platforms. Again, very difficult to replicate. On the platform side, you know, Pluto is pretty advanced connected TV platform, and we continue to add features, including ad tech features to it, like dynamic ad management, ad load management. So that's differentiated. Marketing. Naveen talked about it, the power of our cross-platform management, marketing and the cost effectiveness of that. Lastly, international, as we're rolling it out, whether it's you know, the hard bundle model, which we talked about, or what we're doing this month with Netflix, where we're rolling out this global model where you know, we bring platform and big libraries and they bring local content and local ad monetization. So yeah, we viewed all the discussion on advertising as a validation of our strategy. We are the leader and we have real assets here, and we will continue to push ahead and lead this market. Great. Next question, please. Thank you. Our next question comes from Jessica Reif Ehrlich of BofA Securities. Jessica, your line is now open. Oh, thanks. I have two questions. First, going back to India, which was news today. There's been tons of press coverage on Reliance bidding for IPL. I think that comes up next month. Would that be part of Paramount+? It's critical content, but obviously would be super expensive. The second question is, you know, you talked about the multi-platform advantage, which clearly benefits advertising. I'm wondering, you know, if you could just talk a little bit about how that impacts your conversations with distributors as you move content between platforms and given the kind of, I don't know, step-up in sub- losses, you know, this past quarter. If you could just talk about, you know, that impact, that would be great. Thank you. Sure, Jessica. On the India side, the point you make is why we said what we're doing in India is so capital efficient. You're right, there's cricket's gonna trade in the marketplace, and beyond that, I'm not gonna say. No, our intent is not to put cricket on Paramount+. Remember what I said, it's a hard bundle strategy, which means Paramount+ will travel with other assets. Therefore, we believe there's a real opportunity to benefit from cricket without having to pay for it on Paramount+. That assumes, of course, that you know, the asset ends up in a certain place. That's the answer on India. Again, we're tremendously excited about that market, about our partner Reliance, about Bodhi Tree coming in, and about benefiting from a leadership position therein. To your second question on cross-platform and content, I'd just say a couple things. One is, we think about our TV media business every day. We're a leader. Again, CBS, number one network, despite the fact that one of our competitors had the Olympics and the Super Bowl. That speaks to the power and strength of our programming slate therein. Likewise, on the cable side, as of first quarter, we continue to lead on virtually every demographic on share. The reason is 'cause we put a lot of great programming on those platforms. A lot of exclusive firsts on those platforms, which we're happy to do because we partner with distributors who are providing those services to consumers. Again, our strategy is for sure to continue to reinforce value there, as we simultaneously build our streaming business. By the way, our distributors are active with us on the streaming side too. Every MVPD, vMVPD deal we've done certainly in the past year, but really longer than that, I'm pretty sure, includes a streaming component, might include a Pluto component, might include a Paramount Plus component, might include both. It's really working with distributors to both ensure stability and predictability in the linear side, while simultaneously helping them transform their business to the broadband video side. Thanks, Jessica. We have time for one last question. Perfect. Our final question comes from Robert Fishman of MoffettNathanson. Robert, your line is now open. Good morning. Thank you. Bob, maybe just following up on Jessica's question, can you expand on how you plan to specifically use sports as a differentiator across the company's portfolio of linear and DTC? Whether your legacy linear sports contracts might make it harder to renew rights going forward with the proper ROI if cord cutting does accelerate. Just lastly, if you could touch on Amazon and Apple increasing its investments in sports and how that might affect future negotiations. Thank you. Sure. Look, we like sports as a component of our programming strategy across platforms. CBS Sports, clearly, market leader in it. Great portfolio of sports assets, including NFL, including NCAA, including golf, including by extension mostly on Paramount+, but also a bit on CBS UEFA. That's all obviously U.S. We have been selectively adding sports properties outside the U.S. We do all this in a very disciplined way, looking at ROIs. Sure, there's some stuff that's traded that we haven't done because we didn't think it was worth the price point. We very much like it as a component of our strategy. It's performing very well in the broadcast market, both on a viewership and an advertiser perspective. It's clearly, as I said in my remarks, driving streaming as well. You know, the first quarter benefited once again from sports on Paramount+. We like it. You know, in terms of negotiations, all negotiations have their challenges. You know, we were just with an international league last week, talking to them about the power of Paramount in the context of our platforms, our production expertise, our monetization capabilities, and really showcasing the value of sports to us. You know, I think it's a compelling package we offer, and I'm very happy playing that plan. It's part of our strategy. It's clearly not our whole strategy, but it's additive. With that, I just wanna close by thanking everyone for joining for our first quarter call, and thank you for your continued support. As I hope you've seen, Paramount's high-growth streaming business, under-pinned by real strength in film, broadcast, and cable, is a powerful combination, and it has clear momentum. Our differentiated strategy, as we said, is creating advantage. We're excited about the road ahead. Until the next time we speak, everyone, stay well. Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes today's call. You may now disconnect your lines.