Good morning. My name is Joanne, and I'll be your conference operator today. At this time, I would like to welcome you to the Royal Caribbean Group business update and second quarter 2022 earnings conference call. All lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise. After the speaker's remarks, there will be a question-and-answer session. If you would like to ask a question during this time, simply press star followed by the number one on your telephone keypad. If you would like to withdraw your question, again, press the star one. I would now like to turn the conference over to Michael McCarthy, Vice President, Investor Relations. Mr. McCarthy, the floor is yours. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us today for our second quarter 2022 business update conference call. Joining me here in Miami are Jason Liberty, our Chief Executive Officer, Naftali Holtz, our Chief Financial Officer, and Michael Bayley, President and CEO of Royal Caribbean International. Before we get started, I'd like to note that we will be making forward-looking statements during this call. These statements are based on management's current expectations and are subject to risks and uncertainties. A number of factors could cause actual results to differ materially from our current expectations. Please refer to our earnings release issued this morning, as well as our filings with the SEC for a description of these factors. We do not undertake to update any forward-looking statements as circumstances change. Also, we will be discussing certain non-GAAP financial measures, which are adjusted as defined in a reconciliation of all non-GAAP items, can be found on our website and in our earnings release available at rclinvestor.com. Jason will begin the call by providing a strategic overview and update on the business. Naftali will follow with a recap of our second quarter results and an update on our latest actions and on the current booking environment. We will then open the call for your questions. With that, I'm pleased to turn the call over to Jason. Thank you, Michael. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us today. Over the past several months, our teams have reached several very important milestones in our pursuit to quickly return our business back to 2019 financial metrics and beyond. In June, we successfully completed the return of our entire fleet into operation. This was a herculean task by our team, and I'm so thankful and proud of our shipboard and shoreside teams who have worked so incredibly hard under unthinkable and ever-changing circumstances to execute on such a successful return to delivering the best vacations in the world. Our complete operating platform is now up and running. That platform, which includes our leading brand, the most innovative fleet in the industry, our global sourcing and technology apparatus, and the best people in the world, is now positioned to deliver the best vacations in the world responsibly and accelerate our business back to superior financial performance. Another major milestone for the group this past quarter was that our business turned operating cash flow and EBITDA positive. During the second quarter, we achieved, earlier than we had expected, positive EBITDA and operating cash flow. This achievement further strengthened our liquidity position and positions us well to continue methodically and proactively improving the balance sheet and refinancing near-term maturities as we seek to return to 2019 metrics and beyond swiftly. This outperformance in Q2 versus our expectations was driven by continued strength in our onboard revenue and accelerating load factors, which hit nearly 90% in June and delivered 82% for the quarter. This combination led us to achieving higher total revenue per guest versus 2019 levels. Our North American itineraries are now sailing at over 100% load factors, and we are building on this momentum as we expect to reach load factors in the mid-90s in Q3 and then return to triple-digit load factors globally by year-end. This will set us up very well for 2023. The combination of consumers' strong propensity to experience and travel, accelerating demographic trends which are pulling in more bucket list and multigenerational travel, a very compelling value proposition, and a strong preference for our brand is translating into strengthening demand. Lastly, the other major milestone for the group and the industry is related to the CDC ending its program for cruise ships as we are now transitioning to the point where everyone will be able to vacation with us. As we've always said, the health and safety of our guests, crew, and communities we visit are our top priority, and cruising has proven to be one of the safest environments anywhere. After two years of successfully working with us, the CDC has transitioned from enforcing protocols and policies for the cruise industry to suggestions and recommendations to be in line with the travel and tourism sector. That speaks to the great work we've done together as an industry. While we plan to continue to operate our healthy return to service shipboard protocols, one immediate change that I'm happy to report is that starting August eighth, pre-embarkation testing for vaccinated guests on voyages of five days or less will no longer be required. This will be subject to local destination requirements, and we will continue to test all unvaccinated guests. We also anticipate in the not-too-distant future that pre-embarkation testing for longer duration voyages will be reduced. Before going into the booking commentary, I wanted to share some of the behaviors that we are actually seeing from our guests. Now keep in mind that every day we have well over 100,000 guests experiencing and spending on our ships. Every day, we take tens of thousands of bookings from our guests looking to travel to a wide range of destinations, anywhere from a quick weekend getaway to Perfect Day, to a bucket list trip to the Galapagos Islands or Antarctica. Every day, we witness and engage in millions of interactions on our websites and through our call centers as guests learn about and book their dream vacations. We see a lot. Overall, we continue to see a financially healthy, highly engaged consumer with a strong hunger to dream and seek experiences, and they are willing to spend more than ever with us to create those memories. Let me give you some more concrete data points. The 100,000+ guests that we have on our ship every day, including the 125,000 guests that are currently on our ships today, have been spending at least 30% more on board our ships across all categories when compared to 2019. These spending trends have been consistent across our customer base, even as we are approaching full load factors. Approximately 60% of our guests book their onboard activities before they ever step foot on our ships. As we said in the past, every dollar a guest spends before the voyage translates into about $0.70 more on the dollar when they sail with us and double the overall spending compared to other guests. As we look into the second half of 2022, pre-cruise revenue APDs are up over 40% versus 2019 levels. The strong consumer demand and our commercial and technical capabilities are contributing to the strong performance. Our distribution channels are now fully up and running. Our websites are receiving close to double the visits compared to 2019, and we are generating record level of direct bookings. In addition, our trade partners are fully up and running and are generating bookings in excess of 2019 levels. We are also seeing in our consumer data that cruise interest is now basically back to 2019 levels as the continued easing of travel protocols and the attractive value proposition is making cruising more and more appealing. The attractive new to cruise segment is now returning faster with non-loyalty guests doubling in Q2 compared to Q1, and the mix is essentially on par with 2019 levels. Our attractive brands, as well as strategically adjusted deployment towards shorter itineraries, are driving more new to cruise. We also continue to benefit from secular tailwinds anchored in the shift of consumer preferences from goods to experiences, and we are squarely in the experience business. Recreational services are now growing 4x the rate of goods and are expected to continue to outpace 2019 levels. Favorable demographic trends support our growth as well. More than 3 million adults retired during COVID, double than what was expected. Meanwhile, millennials are financially healthy as they reach their peak earning years, forming households and looking for vacations with their families. These trends, combined with the emergence of more paid time off and more flexible work environments, allow guests to spend more vacation time on our cruise ships. The value proposition for cruising remains incredibly attractive, and the strength of our brands and platform allows us to continue and capture this quality demand as we ramp up the business this year and build for a successful 2023 and beyond. All this quality demand is translating into strong booking activity. During the second quarter, we saw strong demand for closing sailings, which contributed to better than expected load factors. Bookings for 2022 sailings averaged about 30% above 2019 levels throughout the second quarter, and more recently have been up to 35%. The second half of 2022 is booked below historical ranges, but at higher prices than 2019 with and without future cruise credits. Cancellations are at pre-COVID levels. In addition, we are now seeing the booking window starting to extend back out, providing further confidence in forward-looking business as our guests thoughtfully plan for the future. As a result, all four quarters of 2023 are booked within historical ranges at record prices, with bookings accelerating every week. Our customer deposits are at record levels and over 90% of bookings made in the second quarter were new, while steady FCC redemptions continued. Inflation continues to impact businesses across the globe, and we are no exception. As we discussed before, food and fuel are the main categories for us that are susceptible to inflation. We continue to navigate those cost pressures as we seek to enhance our margin profile while delivering the incredible vacation experiences that are expected by our guests. There are some initial positive signs with respect to inflation trends in our food basket. Our more recent month-over-month F&B inflation indicator has increased at the slowest pace thus far in 2022. This, combined with direct conversations with our key suppliers, indicate inflation levels are peaking and that we would start seeing some relief in the coming months. On the fuel side, we continue to optimize consumption and have partially hedged the rate below market prices, which is mitigating the impact on our fuel costs. As we mentioned in the last few quarters, we have taken and continue to take numerous actions to reshape the cost structure of the business to support growing margins as we execute on our recovery. We are now starting to see benefits of these efforts as we ramp up the fleet to full operation. We also expect the growth in margins to accelerate in the second half and into 2023. Earlier this month, we acquired the ultra-luxury cruise ship Endeavour. Originally delivered in 2021, the ship joined Silversea Cruises' expedition fleet. The ship is scheduled to begin service this November in Antarctica, with bookings already commencing. This opportunistic acquisition allows us to add capacity and capture growth opportunities in the very attractive expedition segment. Financially, it was a unique opportunity to acquire a brand-new high-quality expedition vessel significantly below the building costs, and that is fully financed through an attractive long-term unsecured financing arrangement. We expect this transaction to be immediately accretive to earnings, cash flow and ROIC. While the last 2.5 years were certainly challenging, we have proven that our business and company are resilient. Our business is now fully back up and running, and our operating platform is larger and stronger than it has ever been. We have the best brands in their respective segments, industry-leading ships, and one-of-a-kind private destinations like Perfect Day. Our diverse distribution channels and commercial capabilities allow us to reach more quality demand. Our itineraries are strategically planned to be closer to home, with an emphasis on shorter itineraries that appeal to both new-to-cruise and loyal customers. Our data shows that consumers seek vacations in all economic conditions. Cruising has always been an attractive value proposition when compared to land-based vacation alternatives, and that is truer today than ever before. Our strategy remains consistent. Continue to ramp up occupancy to generate yield growth while managing costs, enhancing profitability and repairing our balance sheet. Our business has a proven track record of generating robust cash flows through various economic cycles, and our platform is bigger and better than ever before. Our liquidity is strong and we have access to capital as we look to refinance debt and improve our balance sheet. We continue to expect 2022 to be a strong transitional year as we approach historical occupancy levels. This will set a strong foundation for success into 2023 and beyond. We are also providing guidance for the third quarter for the first time since Q1 of 2020. With our stronger platform and proven strategies, I am confident about our recovery trajectory and the future of the Royal Caribbean Group. With that, I will turn it over to Naftali. Naf? Thank you, Jason, and good morning, everyone. Let me begin by discussing our results for the second quarter. This morning, we reported a net loss of approximately $500 million or $2.05 per share for the quarter. Revenue was $2.2 billion, double the first quarter, and we generated almost $500 million dollars of operating cash flow. EBITDA was $124 million and turned positive in May, a month before our expectations. Second quarter results were meaningfully ahead of our expectations, driven by accelerating demand, further improvement in onboard revenue and better cost performance. We expect these trends to continue. Our business is now back to generating cash beyond our operating and capital costs, which is further strengthening our strong liquidity position. It also positions us to continue to methodically and proactively improve the balance sheet and refinance near-term maturities. As Jason mentioned, we finished the second quarter at 82% load factors, with June at just about 90% and North American products at about 100% overall. In fact, our Caribbean itineraries finished the quarter at a load factor of 103% overall, with some ships receiving particularly strong close-in demand and sailing with occupancies as high as 107%. Our Northeast and West Coast products, including Alaska, sailed at around 90% in June. Load factors on our European itineraries, which were impacted by the Ukraine war, averaged 75% in June. During the second quarter, total revenue per passenger cruise day increased 5% in constant currency compared to the second quarter of 2019. Both ticket and onboard revenue continue to perform well for us even as we approach full occupancy. As we discussed before, the inclusive pricing and packages offered by our brands blur the line between ticket and onboard revenue. Our goal is to maximize overall revenue, and the best way to evaluate performance is by focusing on our total cruise revenue metrics. Next, I will comment on capacity and load factor expectations over the coming period. We plan to operate about 11.6 million APCDs during the third quarter. From a deployment standpoint, just over 1/3 of our capacity is in the Caribbean, 1/3 is in Europe, and the remainder is mostly sailing North American itineraries such as Alaska and Bermuda. As Jason mentioned, we have consistently seen strong demand across all open deployment. Overall, we expect load factors of approximately 95% for the third quarter and triple digits by the end of the year. Let me break down third quarter load factors by itinerary. We have been sailing at above 100% in the Caribbean since mid-June, and most of our other North American-based itineraries are now averaging about 100%. The ramp-up has been a bit slower for European sailings, which were impacted by Omicron, the war in Ukraine and the COVID testing requirement for travelers returning to the United States. The lifting of the testing requirement occurred well into the typical booking window for Europe, and while we saw improved booking trends, it occurred too late to have a meaningful impact on this summer sailings. Despite that, European sailings are now achieving average load factors of around 85%, but still well below other key itineraries in the third quarter. This has two main impacts on our metrics. First, it pushed our recovery of 100% fleet-wide occupancy to the fourth quarter of 2022. Second, overall pricing appears less favorable in the third quarter when compared to 2019 levels because European sailings generate higher than average prices. The impact to pricing is isolated to the third quarter because of the heavier weighting of European deployment. Adjusting for this impact, price trends are more similar to the mid-single digits in recent quarters. As expected, book load factors for sailings in the second half of 2022 remain below historical levels at slightly higher rates than 2019, both including and excluding FCCs. As Jason mentioned, accelerating demand levels and the recent booking pace are aligned with our load factor expectations for the third quarter. Our customer deposit balance as of June 30th was $4.2 billion, a record high for the company. Now that the full fleet is in service and occupancy is ramping up, we expect to return to a more typical seasonality in customer deposit levels. In the second quarter, approximately 90% of total bookings were new versus FCC redemptions. We continued to see the redemption of FCCs by our customers as ships returned back into service, deployments firmed up, and protocols have been easing. To date, approximately 60% of the FCC balance has been redeemed, and half of those have already sailed. Approximately 20% of customer deposit balance is related to FCCs, which is a 7% improvement from the last quarter. For new bookings, we have returned to typical booking and cancellation policies that were relaxed during the pandemic. Shifting to costs. Net cruise costs excluding fuel per APCD improved 60% in the second quarter compared to the first quarter. The second quarter costs included $7.75 per APCD related to enhanced health protocols and one-time costs to return ships and crew back to operations. We expect to see a significant improvement in net cruise costs excluding fuel per APCD in the second half of 2022 compared to the first half. Lower expenses related to returning ships and crew to operations and easing health protocols, as well as the fact that the full fleet is now back in operations, are driving this improvement. In addition, the benefit from actions taken during the last two years to improve margins are now beginning to materialize as the full fleet is operating and occupancies are returning to historical levels. We expect this benefit to continue its ramp up through 2022 and into 2023. As Jason mentioned, we are actively managing inflationary pressures, mainly related to fuel and food. Our teams continue to demonstrate the ability to manage cost pressures while delivering the incredible vacations expected by our guests. Net cruise costs excluding fuel per APCD are expected to be higher by mid-single digits for the second half of 2022 when compared to 2019. Third quarter is expected to be higher. On the fuel side, we continue to improve consumption and have partially hedged the rate below market prices, which is mitigating the impact on our fuel costs. As of today, fuel consumption is 56% hedged for the remainder of 2022 and 36% for 2023. In the third quarter of 2022, our hedge position is 49%, which is slightly lower than the average for the second half of the year. On the other hand, consumption continues to improve across the fleet, driven by benefits from our prior investments to reduce our energy consumption and adding eight new vessels to our fleet in the last 18 months. Shifting to our balance sheet. We ended the quarter with $3.3 billion in liquidity. During the second quarter, we generated almost $500 million of operating cash flow and repaid $700 million of debt maturities. Our liquidity remains strong, and we are now generating cash beyond our operating and capital costs. We are also expanding our margins to further enhance EBITDA and free cash flow. We are very focused on returning to the balance sheet we had pre-COVID. Our plan is to methodically and proactively refinance near-term maturities and debt issued during the pandemic. We have demonstrated access to capital through the last two years, even in very challenging conditions, as well as thoughtful management of the balance sheet. Now turning to guidance. We are providing guidance for the third quarter for the first time since Q1 2020. For the third quarter and based on current currency exchange rates, fuel rates, and interest rates, we expect to generate $2.9 billion-$3 billion in total revenues, adjusted EBITDA of $700 million-$750 million, and adjusted earnings per share of $0.05-$0.25. Due to increases in fuel rates, interest rates, and foreign exchange, we expect a slight net loss for the second half of 2022. We stay focused on executing on our recovery by ramping up our load factors, expanding margins, and managing the balance sheet. When our business is fully operational, it generates significant cash flow. We are confident in our ability to continue on our recovery as we build the future of the Royal Caribbean Group. With that, I will ask our operator to open the call for your questions. At this time, I would like to remind everyone in order to ask a question, press star then the number one on your telephone keypad. We'll pause for just a moment to compile the Q&A roster. Your first question comes from the line of Steven Wieczynski with Stifel. Your line is open. Yeah. Hey, guys. Good morning. Hi, Steve. Hey, Jason. Jason or Naftali, I mean, there's clearly, you know, concern out there in the marketplace today about your current liquidity position and the options that you guys have in terms of, you know, attacking, I think it's, you know, let's call it $5 billion + of 2023 debt maturities. You know, at this point we've seen, you know, one of your competitors go out and, you know, issue equity and raise debt north of 10%. I guess the question everybody's trying to figure out is, you know, how can you get these maturities refinanced in the current high rate environment, you know, without the use of equity. Hopefully that all makes sense. Okay. Well, thanks, Steve. I thought you were gonna first start off and say, "Wow, you're back, positive EBITDA, positive cash flow." You know, I was hoping for like a little bit of a hug. But I think to just kind of going into, you know, I know that there is focus around the balance sheet and especially in the current state of the capital markets. You know, first, I think, you know, our business is clearly ramping up. We're generating cash flow after OpEx, after CapEx. You know, we're not seeing slowing down in activity and demand. We're actually seeing acceleration with our bookings and onboard activity. I think we have clearly shown through this that, you know, you know, we have been very thoughtful and very methodical about capital raising, balancing liquidity and minimizing dilution, especially relative to others. I think when we have raised equity, it has been to manage liquidity and as we are right now, we are generating cash flow. We do think we have access to the capital markets, and we are confident that we're gonna be able to continue to manage our balance sheet and repair it, here over time. I would note that, you know, issuing equity is obviously. It's a board decision. The bar is exceptionally high for us to be issuing equity. We don't have any plans to issue equity. What the board is really focused on is how do we get back to pre-COVID levels as soon as possible, and by that meaning earnings, meaning ROIC, and getting our balance sheet back and leverage back to what it was pre-COVID. I think we feel that we have a plan and a path, and I think that the, you know, what we're seeing in the business and the improvement in the cash flow in the business is also giving us opportunity to be able to address some of these maturities with cash. Okay. Understood. That's very clear. Second question is gonna be a two-part question. I guess, you know, Jason, in your prepared remarks, you know, you made a comment about how the business is getting back to pre-COVID levels, and I just wanna understand, you know, maybe the timing a little bit more about the timing behind that comment. The second question is, you know, the opportunity right now on the cost side with, and what I mean by that is with the CDC essentially leaving, you know, you guys alone, so to speak, you know, I would assume there are probably hundreds of millions of COVID costs out there right now across the industry and wondering, you know, potentially about the timing of getting, you know, I guess the majority of those costs removed. All right. Sure. Well, I'll leave the question on cost for Naf. The one thing I would say is, I don't know how I'd categorize it as the CDC leaving us alone. I think it's us proving through empirical data that, you know, cruising is an extremely safe environment and that our protocols are working effectively. You know, like them, we follow the science in our managing it. I think to your point, there is a significant amount of cost that we were spending on healthy return to service and testing and so forth that I'll let Naf address here in a second. I think just to address a little bit on the pre-COVID. I do appreciate the question. You know, 'cause, you know, there are a number of factors that provide that I've talked about in my remarks, just incredible tailwinds to earnings and margin and returns as we accelerate to 2023 and beyond. You know, as I mentioned, you know, there are really strong secular trends, demographic trends that are providing tailwinds for our business. The consumers are clearly looking to spend on experiences and of course, cruising has a really great value proposition relative to a land-based vacations. I would argue it's way too good of a value proposition, and we're all working very hard on doing that relative to land-based vacations. Also, during the past few years, you know, we worked pretty hard on reshaping our cost structure, improving our margin profile, like reducing, you know, non-guest-facing costs. We divested out of low-margin businesses, you know, to position ourselves for significant margin growth. Also, like our brands, you know, they're in leading positions within each of their respective sectors. We continue to go out and build the most innovative fleet in the industry. That growth will lead to higher margins, as we've talked about in the past, better inventory mix, better onboard revenue venues, better fuel consumption, and more scale brings more margin onto our G&A. You know, with my comments today about the CDC and our change in our policies around that, and when we look at our booking environment that is accelerating, you know, we expect 2023 to be a normal operating year. By normal, I mean, you know, we'll be at normal load factors, we'll be at better rates and that, you know, and that will all lead to, you know, strong EBITDA and earnings performance. With that comes, you know, positive cash flow, and that cash flow will be prioritized and scrutinized to make sure it's going towards high returning investments and deleveraging. We do anticipate swiftly reducing our negative carry, which will then return us to pre-COVID earnings over the next couple of years. I do want to be clear that, you know, getting back to pre-COVID financial metrics, it's part of the journey. I think we call it internally just getting back to base camp. We're not gonna be doing laps around the building when we get to pre-COVID levels because our ambitions around our financial performance, you know, based off of our brands, our ships, our growth, is much greater than just getting to pre-COVID levels. I do anticipate as we get towards the latter part of this year, giving a lot more color and definition to a longer-term program, which will include getting to base camp, and beyond. our plan is to give more clarity as we have done in the past with programs like Double-Double that help us galvanize our internal teams to focus on delivering on those results. Hi, Steve. It's Naf. Let me just touch on your costs. You're right. In the earnings release, we also disclosed that in this quarter, in the second quarter, we had $7.75 per APCD cost that is related to the health protocols as well as one-time cost to return to ships and crew back to operation. Just as a reminder, we actually returned eight ships in the second quarter, so that's obviously part of the cost. As we look forward into the rest of 2022, we expect the improvement in our cruise cost. Part of it is because of those easing protocols. Then as we look beyond that, we think that those costs will be materially eliminated and be absorbed, whatever is left into the business. Okay, great. Thanks guys for the call. Really appreciate it. Your next question comes from the line of Robin Farley with UBS. Your line is open. Thanks. I wanted to ask about how quickly you think you might be able to remove the test requirement for the, you know, 6+, 7+ day cruises, just since that's the majority of your your itineraries. You know, how quickly you may be able to do that, which obviously would be a demand driver. Thanks. Yeah. You know, we're starting off here by doing the five days or less, and we're gonna look at that. I think our expectation here, call it in the next 45 days or so, and of course, following local requirements, which will somewhat dictate in some of our destinations what those testing requirements will be that the majority of the testing requirements will be lifted, especially around the majority of our deployment. You know, we might, you know, depending on where the ships are going, you know, take some additional protocols. Of course, we're gonna continue to follow where COVID is in society and take the necessary actions. Okay, great. Thanks. Just as a follow-up, on the maturities that are related to the export credit agencies, is there an opportunity to, you know, push back some of those maturities given that they don't have the same lending characteristics as a lot of your capital markets maturities? Is that something that could happen sooner rather than later? Yeah. Hi, Robin. It's Naftali. You noted, you know, our relationships with ECAs are very, very strong. They have supported us as well as our commercial banks, our other lending partners throughout the pandemic through multiple actions. You know, we don't have anything to talk about today. We are very confident with our ability to generate free cash flow to cover operating and capital costs. Our liquidity is strong, so we are very confident that we can manage the maturities in the next 18 months. Okay, great. Thank you. Thanks, Robin. Your next question comes from the line of Fred Wightman with Wolfe Research. Your line is open. Hey, guys. Good morning. It sounds like, and this is totally fair, that the European occupancy numbers were impacted by Ukraine and then also some of the reentry testing requirements. Have you seen a pickup in bookings for those? Mm-hmm. It sounds like 2022 is not gonna benefit, but as you look into 2023, have you seen those European bookings numbers accelerate as some of those reentry re-testing requirements were lifted? Well, I'll just. I think a few comments. One, on 2022, as soon as that, the U.S. testing requirement was lifted, I think we immediately saw a 9% or 10% lift in our booking activity, for the summer sailings. Summer sailings mean the 2022 sailings. We've actually made up quite a bit of ground, you know, since that was lifted. Of course, you know, getting, you know, flights close in can also be a challenge, especially in the current state of the airline world in Europe. You know, we have seen very strong demand for Europe for 2023. You know, the volume really starts to pick up here as we exit the summer. From what we can see relative to 2019 levels or historical levels, you know, we do expect Europe to act and behave very similar to what it did in 2019 in terms of load factors and rates. Perfect. Then I guess just, you know, all the metrics that you guys gave, Jason, was super helpful, just from a consumer health perspective. If you look at all that strong spending, both pre-departure and onboard, and it seems a little bit, you know, of a disconnect versus some of the comments you've heard from Walmart and some of these other retailers. Like, can you sort of explain that away from where you sit? Is it just a customer base difference? Is there something structurally different? I mean, how do you sort of see the consumer spending holding up here going forward? Well, I think it's two things, and certainly Michael and Naf can hop in on others. I think first and foremost, like we're not selling stuff, we're selling experiences. Yes, we might have a couple of things you're buying in a retail store on our ships, but in reality, right, the vast majority of that spend orbits around experiences, creating memories, multi-generational travel, et cetera, that people are, you know, one, they have a lot of pent-up demand for it, and I think they also value experience and relationships differently than they did historically. I think that's one tailwind. The second tailwind, which we had been talking about pre-COVID, and we continue to invest in it during COVID, was that we replaced our commerce engine for pre-cruise or for our onboard sales. Shifting more and more of that purchase pre-cruise, you know, that effectively becomes one, they're able to plan an experience as they want, so they're getting what they want in terms of the customer. Also, you know, that becomes a sunk cost to them. They've already paid that credit card bill, et cetera, and it's new spend for them to consider. I think those two things, and of course, our teams have become much, much more sophisticated in yield managing and enhancing the experience that people are willing to buy, I think is what's driving that uplift more than anything else. Michael. Fred, it's Michael. Just to add one nugget of information to Jason's comment. You know, we've seen. Really, it's been an amazing response to our software and our communication and how we've been talking to the customers about experiences. Just one nugget is that yesterday we sold one, just one of our overwater cabanas for one day for $4,000. We just see there's just a lot of demand for these experiences, as Jason said. We've also seen this in Alaska, for example, with the product that we have in Alaska. The people just seem to be more willing to open their wallets and purchase these experiences. It's been a very positive response to a lot of the products and services and experiences that we have. Yeah. The only thing I'll just add, just anecdotally, we all bought a lot of stuff during the pandemic. You know, I'm like, I'm sure like all of you, I had 10 Amazon boxes show up at my house every single day. I think, you know, people have absorbed and consumed all that they're looking. I mean, you know, I'm using hyperbole here, but things that they wanna buy. I think they're really, again, very focused on experience. Makes sense. Thanks a lot. Thanks, Fred. Your next question comes from the line of Ben Chaiken with Credit Suisse. Your line is open. Hey, how's it going? On the booking side, you guys mentioned +30% in 2Q versus the same period in 2019. It sounded like that got better through the quarter and then July was even better than that. Presumably, the CDC change would drive incremental demand above and beyond that. Have you guys thought about how you're gonna message that to the consumer? Like, are you expecting the news is gonna pick that up, or are you guys gonna reach out proactively? Would love to hear how you're thinking about it. Hey, Ben, it's Michael. Yeah. I mean, I think what we're gonna see today, we're already expecting it, and our call centers are prepared. We've already worked on our, obviously our talking points and what have you. It's already going out into social media. We've started communicating to our distribution, and we're starting to communicate through emails to our customer base. You know, this kinda change, I think will be seen very positively. We've got, you know, some distributors who have, you know, been anxiously awaiting changes along with many of our customers. One of the calculations that we have is about 40% of all of the FCCs who are sitting on the sidelines of people who've been waiting for the protocols to change. I think, you know, this easing and this change is gonna be viewed very positively. We're expecting to see an increase in bookings literally starting today. That's helpful. You mentioned $500 million in operating cash flow in the quarter. Based on the net income guide, I think napkin math would suggest that, unless I'm mistaken, over $1 billion in operating cash flow in 3Q. Is there anything on the working capital side I need to consider that would throw that off? Yeah. I think the way I would characterize it is that we are generating now positive EBITDA and cash flow. We are covering more than our operating costs and capital costs. There's nothing, you know, unique in the third quarter in terms of anything to point out. You know, all that cash flow will be to prioritize to pay down debt. Yeah. I think the only one comment I wanna make about, I think just broader working capital, just to keep in mind, is we're now in the high season, right? We've added capacity with, you know, during this time, so our customer deposit balance has been rising. You know, we're moving into now a zone as we're getting to normal load factors that, you know, we'll now start to see the historical seasonality of customer deposits. I would just kind of keep that in mind as you're looking at comparables to previous quarters that I would look more in how it is relative in previous period on a seasonality basis than I would quarter-over-quarter. Thank you. That's helpful. Appreciate it. Your next question comes from the line of Brandt Montour with Barclays. Your line is open. Thanks, everyone, and good morning, and thanks for all the helpful color. I was wondering if you could just address, Jason or Michael or anyone, the perception from the market that there's an elevated level of discounting for the industry overall. I mean, obviously that doesn't really foot with the, you know, really good accelerating booking volume commentary that you guys are saying. But obviously I'm wondering how much of that is related to the still sort of COVID-19 protocols and customers just waiting for the experience to normalize. Well, I think I'll just make a few comments and sorry, Michael, you know, please jump in on it. First I think that there is a reality, you know, we're packaging much more than we have had in the past, and some of that comes and that accelerates some of the pre-cruise activity that I was talking about in terms of the onboard experience. Depending on how you're looking at the discounting, sometimes it's more about geography of what's going into ticket and what's going into onboard. There's a little bit of that reality that has been evolving now for many years, not just with us, but also inside the, you know, the industry. Then there's also, you know, we brought up eight ships in the second quarter, and so as we're bringing those ships up and there's more short product, et cetera, you know, some of those comparables look like there's. It's a highly promotional environment, which it is more promotional than it typically is. But it's something that is yielding higher rates because that combination of the ticket and the onboard are yielding a higher APD. Okay. That's really helpful. Thanks. A follow-up on Naftali's comments in his prepared remarks about the adjusted mid-single-digit sort of net revenue per PCD in the 3Q. That'll be two quarters where you guys have net revenue per PCD mid-single-digits versus 2019. I'm just curious, considering both those quarters had heavily disrupted booking cycles as well as notable COVID-19 constraints, again, which you talked about, is there any reason why we shouldn't consider that mid-single-digit as a base case going forward? Yeah. Well, I think that what we're seeing and even in our commentary into 2023, right, being within historical ranges at higher rates, I think that that's what we're continuing to see. I think it also leads a little bit into my comments about the value proposition, right? There is a very healthy gap and a larger gap, today than there has been with land-based vacations. I think when now that these protocols are falling off and we're operating and our guests who are incredible advocates of ours are sharing their experiences and telling them that, you know, cruise is just like what it was pre-COVID, that all of that is kind of manifesting into this opportunity where people look at cruising and saying, "Wow, you know, this is a really good value proposition. And even if I pay a little bit more money, it's still a huge gap to if I did a land-based vacation. Okay. Excellent. Thanks for the comments, and congrats on the results. Thank you. Your next question comes from the line of Vince Ciepiel with Cleveland Research Company. Your line is open. Hi. Thanks for taking my question. You talked about using cash flow to focus on deleveraging as well as high returning investments. I think part of that's your investments in your existing ships. Can you talk about how you approached maintaining those through COVID, and what type of kind of cash CapEx for the existing fleet you kind of envision in 2022 or 2023? Yeah. Thanks for the question. First, throughout the last two years, we were very focused. One of our guiding principle was to maintain the quality and the health of our assets, and we continued to do dry docks. The way that we laid up the ships was very unique such that when we knew that when we come back, we would minimize the need for more investment on maintenance. I think we're very pleasantly surprised and as expected, as we are now back to operations, we don't see any elevated needs for capital for any deferred maintenance. Of course, we're doing kind of a regular maintenance dry docks, and those are very, you know, obviously within our numbers that we've shared with you, but there's nothing elevated outside of that. You know, we at this point generating cash flow beyond our operating capital needs. Again, as you mentioned, we are prioritizing that cash flow to pay down debt. Yeah. The other point I just wanted to add, which just to build on Naf's point, that you know, we had invested a significant amount of money pre-COVID in the modernization of our fleet. You know, because you know, as our fleet, our ships got more and more innovative and larger and more incredible activities to do, you know, that gap was widening. pre-COVID, we closed that gap considerably by adding a lot of those features onto our legacy fleet. That's why I think we, as Naf said, you know, we will continue to invest in high returning programs, but we've actually invested a lot to keep our core business relevant within our brands. Thanks. Another kind of housekeeping item on the modeling front. Talk a little bit about fuel. I think that the guide for 3Q came in a little bit higher than I would've thought, especially with the recent decline in fuel prices. How are you thinking about kind of pricing into next year? Can you talk about any changes going on in mix versus pre-COVID, MGO versus IFO, and any efficiencies to keep in mind on the consumption per ALBD? Yeah. Thanks for the question. First, on the consumption side, we continue to make progress on improvement on consumption. We did it, and, you know, the last several years, and that continues to happen. Obviously, we have newer ships that are much more efficient. I think on the consumption side, you know, obviously we're continuing to make that progress. Specifically about the quarter, two things in mind. One, in my prepared remarks, I mentioned that we are lower than the average in terms of our hedging. And that obviously impacts some of that fuel cost in the third quarter. But we are obviously going to be higher hedged in the fourth quarter. The other thing is that the consumption is a little bit more skewed in this quarter towards MGO and less IFO is also contributing to a little bit of a higher fuel expense. But it's very isolated to the third quarter. Thanks for that color. Your next question comes from the line of Paul Golding with Macquarie Capital. Your line is open. Thanks so much and congrats on returning to positive EBITDA and cash flow. I wanted to circle back on Naf 's comments in terms of the shorter itineraries to attract new to cruise. Is this a sort of post-COVID only move, or is this something maybe a bit more structural that we should expect to see just in terms of jump-starting the new to cruise return? Are there any costs associated with what may or may not be based on your response, a higher mix of shorter itineraries? Certainly that lines up with the testing requirement commentary as well. I have a follow-up about the booking curve. Thanks. Hey, Paul. It's Michael. I mean, we've been very focused on new to cruise pre-COVID, and we had a great degree of success with generating new to cruise, and it's always been part of our strategic intent. We planned and had tactics around that, and we feel like we were making exceptional progress pre-COVID. Post-COVID, I think we commented in the past that the real return was supported by our loyal guests and the new to cruise lagged behind. We've now kind of normalized, and we see the new to cruise returning to kind of pre-COVID levels. Certainly the short product is the on-ramp for new to cruise. with Perfect Day, which now we're close to taking 10,000 people a day to Perfect Day, which is proving to be a real continued success, and it really does draw the new to cruise. It was, it is, and it'll continue to be very much part of our overall strategy. Yeah. I think just one point to add. You know, we're also staying very kind of tuned in with the customer. You know, during COVID or the early days, you know, they were very locally minded. Now they're becoming much more regionally minded as we're seeing them being comfortable, you know, booking in different products in North America, booking products in Europe as they kind of now move more and more towards back being globally minded, which is where they were pre-COVID. I think we're very tuned in. Our brands are very tuned in to that. In many cases, the product or the itineraries are a reflection of where we think the consumer is today, relative to their travel preferences. Thanks for that. On the booking curve, the commentary in the press release continues to suggest a closer-in trend. I guess, are you seeing the closer-in trend abate at all? To what extent do you see that maybe as being a bit more structural? Does that inform sort of how we should think about your commentary in future periods on the booking curve? Just any commentary around the consumer trend in terms of how far out the booking concentration tends to be right now. Thanks. Well, I think, I mean, what we're seeing is that the booking curve is no longer really contracting. It's now expanding again. I do think we expect it to return here over the coming, call it six months or so, to a normal level of a booking window relative to historical activity. But, you know, as our ships are coming up, and as protocols begin to fall away here now, you know, we would expect there to be a further acceleration in closing demand for whatever inventory is left, which can lean a little bit on that macro statistic around the booking window. You know, what we have seen over the past several weeks and months is that window beginning to extend. Just to add to Jason's point, I mean, if you think about our deployment during this period, we had a lot more regional drive-to products, so we skewed a little bit more heavily towards that drive-to product, which is easier in many ways to book and has, you know, less logistics to deal with. I think it did kind of favor a later booking pattern because of that. Right. Thanks. Thank you. Your next question comes from the line of Daniel Politzer with Wells Fargo. Your line is open. Hey, good morning, everyone. I had a question on the net cruise costs. I think you mentioned that they should be higher, you know, for the second half of 2022 by, I think you said mid-single digits with a sequential improvement. I mean, as we think about kind of the pacing of that and going into 2023, you know, should it continue to improve or, you know, is inflation going to be offsetting some of that improvement? Yes, thanks for the question. Yes, we do expect to see an improvement mid-single digits for the second half, and this should be also a sequential improvement from quarter to quarter as the protocols are easing. Obviously, we're building the load factors as well. You know, as we look into 2023, our goal is to get to our pre-COVID margins as soon as possible. You know, on one hand, as you mentioned, there is inflation, and we commented on the baskets that are impacting us the most. On the other hand, we also, as Jason mentioned, we've done a lot in the last two years to reshape our cost structure, and you know, we expect that to ramp up this second half and well into 2023. Got it. Then, you know, as the COVID protocols have been, you know, taken away and you would think that there's going to be accelerated demand, how do you think about maybe ramping up marketing expenses in the coming quarters, just given it's probably a little bit different than your typical seasonality? No, I mean, you know, I'll let Michael kind of comment on it, but I mean, you know, we have been investing in marketing. We have our marketing plans. I don't think the CDC changes is something that really impacts our marketing activities, but I'll yield and see whatever else Michael wants to add to it. No, I was just gonna. I mean, I agree with Jason's comments. I mean, you know, there's obviously a natural cadence that flows through the year, and we're kind of moving out of the summer into September and the fourth quarter, and all of our attention now switches really to 2023. Just historically and normally, once we get past June and July, a lot of the consumer activity does tend to focus on their 2023 vacation and what have you. Our marketing tends to really begin to ramp up as we move into Q4, and of course, all in preparation for Wave. We're quite optimistic with what we're seeing in bookings and the acceleration of the pace of those bookings week by week. We're thinking that 2023 is gonna look pretty good. Understood. Thanks. Okay. We have time for one more question. Your next question comes from the line of Chris Stathoulopoulos with Susquehanna. Your line is open. Everyone, thanks for taking my questions here. The onboard spend, the strength in the onboard spend in your prepared remarks, you spoke about $1 in pre-book and I think $0.70 on the dollar translating to onboard. You know, is that part of some revenue initiatives that you had going into the pre-pandemic that are now starting to reengage, or do you feel that that's sort of something has changed dynamically and this is in response to the pre-pandemic? Just wanna better understand how you're thinking about the sort of stickiness and the sort of go-forward dynamic on onboard spend. Well, it's Michael. I think, you know, everything's the same and everything's changed. I do think that the consumer has changed in terms of how they engage with commerce. We know from what we see with our distribution in the different channels that there's a higher propensity now to go to the web and to book on the web, et cetera. I think certainly the investments that we made in our technology as it relates to communicating to customers about their cruise experience and the opportunities and experiences that were available to them has proven to be successful. I think that penetration rate has grown dramatically, and I think that's connected and reflects the kind of the acceptance that the consumer has now at a much greater level to buy online. I think that change is structural, and it's gonna stay with us. I believe that everything that we've done with our pre-cruise marketing is really proving to be very effective. I think just one thing I just want to add on to it, that we saw this, you know, pre-pandemic and very much kind of led into the investments that Michael was just talking about is that, you know, we have for decades been, you know, thinking that the customer, because the customer was focused on buying a cruise, and then we saw this when we saw the shift from goods to experiences pre-COVID, is that they're really focused on buying an experience. You know, we had to make the investments on a technology basis to make sure that when a consumer is, you know, whether it's when they're booking their vacation or they're leading up to their vacation, that we were able to put in front of them, the overall experience that they were gonna have. They wanna put it all together, so that they can, you know, create the memories that they wanna create, just leveraging, you know, kind of the canvas that we provide them. I think that's really what a lot of these investments and how we've been marketing, you know, to them, which is leading to more and more of the onboard pre-booking activities. I would say that when we think about the technology that we've installed, you know, we're still very early innings. It's, you know, it has opportunity to be very sophisticated, even easier to interact with. I think that, you know, we're very bullish on what can come out of that. Yes, it you know, of course there's money to be made in it, but it's really by focusing and enhancing on the experience, that's gonna lead to a you know, a happier customer, a customer that's willing to pay more, and that leads to better returns. Okay. Thank you. A follow-up question. Obviously there's a lot of concern around the potential cyclical slowdown here. The sort of the view is that when you ask the cruise lines or the airlines for that matter, that people will continue to take vacations during a recession. For you specifically cruising being the better, you know, value versus land-based alternative. Just curious if you could kind of frame. I realize the great recession might not be the best comp here, but what you've seen in a slowdown with respect to repeat cruisers, new to cruisers, cruising, and then what are the levers in a slowdown that you could kind of pull or what's your sort of, you know, your RMS team has in its playbook into a slowing and similar sort of idea on your unit costs. Thank you. Yeah. I mean, you know, this is obviously a very, you know, difficult question to answer because, you know, depending on which recession you're talking about. I mean, the U.S. over the past 30 years has really had, you know, episodic type of economic downturns, whether it was the unfortunate circumstances with 9/11, the Great Recession, et cetera. What we see in other markets that just have, you know, kind of modest economic downturns, you know, we actually don't see a lot of impact on our pricing. I think it's more focused on the value proposition gap between land-based vacation that cruising tends to do quite well because of that gap that's, you know, that's out there. Now in saying that, what they, you know, what we do see is they will tend to look for the overall cost of their vacation. I think leading into what we were talking about with short product and seven night and so forth, and traveling more regionally, which is how we position our deployment, that typically leads to us coming out of that in very good shape. I think it's important to stress in my comments is we, you know, we do not see any of this in the day-to-day trading of our business, the day-to-day spend that's happening on our business. You know, we're a nimble organization. Of course, you know, you can't save your way to greatness, but we do think our revenue managers do think that we can continue to improve yield, even in an impacted broader economic standpoint. Thank you. Okay. Naf. Okay. Thank you for your assistance, Joanne, with the call today, and thank you all for your participation and interest in the company. Michael will be available for any follow-ups you may have. I wish you all a very good day. This concludes today's conference call. You may now disconnect.