Good day, and welcome to the RPM International Q4 and fiscal year 2024 earnings conference call. All participants will be in listen-only mode. Should you need assistance, please signal a conference specialist by pressing the star key followed by zero. After today's presentation, there will be an opportunity to ask questions. To ask a question, you may press Star, then one on your telephone keypad. To withdraw your question, please press Star, then two. Please note, this event is being recorded. I would now like to hand the call over to Matt Schlarb. Please go ahead. Thank you, Adria, and welcome to RPM International's conference call for the fiscal 2024, Q4, and full year. Today's call is being recorded. Joining today's call are Frank Sullivan, RPM's Chair and CEO, Rusty Gordon, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, and Michael Laroche, Vice President, Controller, and Chief Accounting Officer. This call is also being webcast and can be accessed live, replayed on the RPM website at www.rpminc.com. Comments made on this call may include forward-looking statements based on current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results to be materially different. For more information on these risks and uncertainties, please review RPM's reports filed with the SEC. During this conference call, references may be made to non-GAAP financial measures. To assist you in understanding these non-GAAP terms, RPM has posted reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures on the RPM website. Also, please note that our comments will be on an as-adjusted basis, and all comparisons are to the Q4 of fiscal 2023, unless otherwise indicated. We have provided a supplemental slide presentation to support our comments on this call. It can be accessed in the Presentations and Webcast section of the RPM website at www.rpminc.com. As a reminder, certain businesses in Asia Pacific that were previously part of the Construction Products Group are now being managed and reported under the Performance Coatings Group, effective June 1, 2023. As a result, all references to CPG and PCG today reflect the updated structure. This change has no impact on consolidated results. At this time, I would like to turn the call over to Frank. Thank you, Matt, and good morning. I'll start our conference call with a high-level review of our results, then Mike Laroche will provide more details on our Q4 and full year financials. Matt Schlarb will then give a balance sheet update and discuss how we are using innovation to grow, after which Rusty Gordon will cover our outlook. Then we'll be pleased to answer your questions. I'll begin on slide 3 with our Q4 results. Overall, we're pleased with how RPM's associates executed. Despite challenging end markets in several of our businesses, we leveraged MAP 2025 improvements to generate our 10th consecutive quarter of record adjusted EBIT. For the year, sales were a record, and adjusted EBIT increased approximately 12% to a record, which was within the guidance we provided a year ago. This included approximately $160 million of MAP 2025 benefits on a run rate basis, or roughly $100 million through the PNL in fiscal 2024. Although a portion of these are being temporarily masked by lower fixed cost utilization from reduced volumes. In addition to margin expansion, MAP 2025 has played a critical role in our ability to structurally improve working capital throughout the entire year. This resulted in record cash flow from operating activities of $1.12 billion during fiscal 2024, an improvement of over $545 million from fiscal 2023, and $356 million, or 46% more than our previous annual record cash flow. We used a portion of this cash to reduce debt by approximately $557 million during the year, and the resulting lower interest expense helped us grow adjusted EPS by 14.7% to a Q4 record, and by 14.9% for the full year to a record $4.94 per share. Moving to slide 4, our Construction Products Group led growth during the quarter with broad-based strength in most of their businesses, with roofing and its differentiated turnkey offerings demonstrating particular strength. Consumer also executed well during the quarter as they achieved market share gains, upgraded product mix, and realized MAP 2025 benefits to generate record adjusted EBIT, despite a sales decline due to continued DIY softness. After multiple years of achieving record results, our Performance Coatings Group declined in the Q4 as they faced challenging comparisons to the prior year and experienced negative headwinds from the timing of project completions, something we highlighted on our prior earnings call. In the Specialty Products Group, some end markets showed signs of bottoming out, but we continued to remain challenged in this segment. The economic situation remains very challenging. However, we did a good job managing what we can control with a focus on MAP 2025 and margin improvements to generate record-adjusted EBIT and record levels of cash flow. Turning to geographies on Slide 5, North America, Africa, and the Middle East grew, and while sales declined in other regions, we're still executing well in these areas. European sales declined 4% due to FX headwinds and divestitures in the Performance Coatings Group. However, their profitability improved meaningfully as targeted MAP 25 initiatives in the region gained momentum, including those focused on generating favorable product mix. Excluding FX, sales in Latin America grew mid-single digits as we continue to benefit from products serving infrastructure projects. Asia Pacific is performing well under our new management structure. However, Q4 sales declined due to challenging comparisons as a large project was completed in the prior year period. To summarize our performance, in the face of several end market and economic challenges, we have realized good improvements in gross margins as a result of our MAP 25 initiatives. In addition to gross profit benefits, MAP 25 is allowing us to better leverage the power of RPM to create a more efficient and streamlined SG&A structure. We took several SG&A reduction initiatives in the Q4, which will benefit us as we work our way through fiscal 2025. As economic headwinds persist, it's important to remember that the improvements we are making are structural. While they are helping us navigate near-term challenges, their benefits will be even more apparent as end markets eventually recover and we begin to generate better organic growth. I'd now like to turn the call over to Mike Laroche to cover our financial results in more detail. Thanks, Frank. Starting on slide 6, consolidated organic sales increased 0.4% as pricing was slightly higher and volumes overall were flat. FX was 0.7% headwind to revenue, and divestitures net of acquisitions decreased sales by 0.1%, resulting in a modest decline in sales for the quarter. EBIT margins expanded 90 basis points, which was driven by MAP 2025 benefits, improved fixed cost leverage at the Construction Products Group, and favorable mix at the Consumer Group. SG&A increased during the quarter, driven by incentives to sell higher margin products, long-term growth investments, and compensation and benefits. As Frank mentioned, we implemented MAP 2025 enabled initiatives to streamline our SG&A structure in the Q4, and those benefits will be realized in fiscal year 2025. Adjusted EPS increased 14.7% to $1.56, which was a record, driven by the adjusted EBIT growth and lower interest expense, as strong cash flow allowed us to repay debt during the quarter. Next, moving to the Construction Products Group results on slide 7. The segment experienced broad-based strength, with roofing and wall systems performing particularly well. The growth came from both new building construction and renovation, and we gained market share in construction chemicals. They also generated growth in products serving infrastructure projects, including those that reduced both the cost and carbon footprint of their construction. Some of these, including grinding aids, which reduce the amount of energy needed to produce cement, and synthetic fibers that serve as a substitute for steel rebar and produce significantly lower CO2 emissions and require less labor to install. The rise in adjusted EBIT was led by improved fixed cost leverage from volume growth, MAP 2025 benefits, and driving a favorable product mix. On slide 8, the Performance Coatings Group sales declined as they faced challenging comparisons to the prior year period when sales grew 10.8%, and the unfavorable timing of project completions, as some were pulled forward into the Q3, while other projects are experiencing delays. Additionally, Europe had pockets of weakness. FX and the prior divestiture of the non-core European service business also pressured sales. Adjusted EBIT declined as a result of lower sales and reduced fixed cost leverage from volume declines. This was partially offset by MAP 2025 benefits. Moving to slide 9, Specialty Products Group sales declined primarily due to challenging comparisons to the prior year period for the disaster restoration business. In the prior year, customers were rebuilding inventories that had been depleted as a result of increased storm activity and bursting pipes from freezing weather in prior quarters. Overall, specialty OEM markets, particularly those related to residential, remained soft. The reduction in adjusted EBIT was driven by the sales and volume declines, which resulted in unfavorable fixed cost absorption. On slide 10, the Consumer Group gained share with the help of new products and grew in markets outside the U.S., which helped to offset continued softness in the DIY space. The rationalization of lower margin products also contributed to the sales declines. MAP 2025 initiatives and an improved mix resulted in record EBIT, which is partially offset by under absorption associated with lower volumes and higher expenses from wages and benefits. Now I'll turn the call over to Matt, who will cover the balance sheet and cash flow and provide an update on innovation. Thank you, Mike. Moving to slide 11, cash flow from operations totaled $1.12 billion for the year, an increase of $545 million from the prior year, and $356 million more than our previous annual record. Over the past two years, operating cash flow has improved by $944 million. MAP 2025 initiatives that resulted in improved profitability and working capital drove the increase. In Q4, working capital as a percentage of sales fell by 350 basis points from the prior year period to 23.5%. A significant portion of this cash flow is used to repay debt, which declined by $557 million during the year. This has resulted in lower interest expense and increased flexibility to invest in future organic and M&A growth opportunities. During fiscal 2024, we returned $287 million to shareholders through dividends and share repurchases, which both increased during the year. As we enter fiscal year 2025, the quarter remains strong at $1.36 billion. On the next slide, I'd like to highlight an example of how we are using innovation to help grow a business we acquired a few years ago. In September of 2020, we acquired Ali Industries, a leading manufacturer of sandpaper and other abrasives that goes to market under the Gator brand. Like many of these businesses, they experienced supply chain disruptions over the past several years, but as those challenges have been resolved, they are back on offense and bringing new products to market and gaining share. One we'd like to highlight today is their new Reptilian product line. These innovative products use a proprietary design and coating that helps channel away dust while sanding, which prevents buildup and improves efficiency for the user. The Reptilian product line also lasts four times longer than traditional power tool sanding accessories. Reptilian products are on the shelf now and build on Gator's legacy of providing high-performance abrasives to both pro and DIY customers alike. Now I'd like to turn the call over to Rusty to cover our outlook. Thanks, Matt. Our Q1 outlook is on the next page, slide 13. On a consolidated level, Q1 sales are expected to be approximately flat compared to a record prior year period, with many market trends from the Q4 continuing. By segment, CPG is expected to generate low single-digit revenue growth on top of the nearly 11% growth they generated in the Q1 of 2024, as they benefit from their focus on restoration, selling building envelope systems, and unique turnkey offerings. In PCG, sales are expected to be flat due to yet challenging comparisons, as a few larger projects were completed in the prior year period, and others are being delayed beyond the Q1 of 2025. In SPG, overall demand is expected to remain soft. However, the segment is facing easier comparisons, which should result in sales declining in the low single-digit range. In Consumer Group, sales are expected to be down low single digits. Trends are expected to remain similar to the Q4, with market share gains and strength in international markets being offset by continued DIY softness. Consolidated Q1 Adjusted EBIT is expected to increase in the mid-single-digit% range compared to a record prior year period, driven by MAP 2025 benefits. As part of MAP 2025, we are in the process of consolidating or have recently consolidated 12 facilities, which demonstrates our continued momentum in generating efficiencies. Our fiscal 2025 full year guidance is on the following slide, slide number 14. We expect sales growth will be up low single digits, and Adjusted EBIT will increase mid-single digits to low double digits. On the top line, volume growth is uncertain as the visibility on the global economic outlook is limited, which includes the unknown impact of elections in the US and other markets. Our strategic balance and focus on repair and maintenance should be beneficial as we navigate the mixed economy. We expect pricing to be slightly positive in response to continued inflation in areas like labor and benefits, and we expect moderate increases in raw material costs in the H2 of the fiscal year. By segment, CPG should outgrow its markets with its differentiated product and service offerings and should continue to benefit from spending on infrastructure and restoration projects. After a year of strong growth, CPG will face more challenging prior year comparisons in fiscal 2025, while commercial construction remains sluggish. Moving to PCG, they continue to benefit from increased spending on infrastructure projects, as well as their more collaborative strategy in emerging markets, which is generating profitable growth. After years of strong growth, the growth in spending on reshoring projects appears to be moderating, and PCG will also experience a temporary headwind from the under absorption impact of opening of new plants in India and Malaysia that we highlighted on the last call, the last quarter. Although these plants will be a longer-term tailwind to PCG results. At SPG, the current expectation is that several key end markets will remain sluggish. As a result, SPG has pruned certain products and their associated SG&A cost structure. These actions, along with easier comparisons, will help SPG get back to growth, particularly if end markets recover. At Consumer, we will continue benefiting from new products and market share gains, as well as driving an improved product mix, which is expected to more than offset near-term softness in DIY. When end markets ultimately recover, consumer is poised for strong profitability growth as a result of the MAP 2025 initiatives put in place. On a consolidated level, the key driver of EBIT growth is expected to be our MAP 2025 benefits, including manufacturing and commercial excellence improvements, as well as the actions we have taken to make our SG&A structure more streamlined. This includes leveraging the power of RPM to generate efficiencies in areas like automation, digital selling tools, and centralizing more back-office functions. These efficiencies will be more apparent over time as we overcome the negative short-term, under absorption impact of MAP-enabled plant consolidation. Finally, because of the strong cash flow and debt reductions made throughout fiscal year 2024, we will benefit from lower interest expense in fiscal year 2025. This concludes our prepared remarks. We will now be pleased to answer your questions. We will now begin the question and answer session. To ask a question, you may press Star, then one on your telephone keypad. If you are using a speakerphone, please pick up your handset before pressing the keys. To withdraw your question, please press Star then two. At this time, we will pause momentarily to assemble the roster. And our first question will come from Mike Harrison of Seaport Research Partners. Please go ahead. Morning, Mike. Hi, good morning. Congrats on a nice finish to the year here. I'm just curious on the Performance Coatings business. It looks like the revenue number came in maybe a little bit worse than you had anticipated. And I know you guys indicated that there was there were some delays going on in projects. But can you talk about some of the broader trends that you're seeing in terms of project activity and what kind of visibility you have in that business? I'm particularly intrigued by this comment in here that you're expecting maybe some moderating growth from reshoring impacting that business this year. Sure. I think the biggest impact in the quarter for our Performance Coatings Group was project timing, and we talked about that on our last call. We had a number of projects that ended up being accelerated into Q3, which negatively impacted the Q4. We anticipate continued growth, although at a more modest level in the Performance Coatings Group for the balance of fiscal 2025. And so there's still a solid results there. The other thing that I think is worth noting in fiscal 2024 was the divestiture of a number of European, UK-based service businesses in our Performance Coatings Group, which hampered our results year-over-year. But it was the right thing to do. It's improving profitability, and so we'll annualize that pretty quickly, and I think those are reasons to believe that we'll see positive momentum, but at a more modest rate than what we experienced in the past year. All right, thanks. And then, was also curious, you mentioned, that there are some MAP 2025 initiatives to streamline SG&A that you implemented during Q4. Can you elaborate on those actions and, and maybe the timing and magnitude of potential benefits from those, changes? Thank you. Sure. They really fall in two categories. One was a necessary RIF across a number of our business units. It impacted about 170 RPM associates, and the benefit to that on an annualized basis will be in the $25 million range. And then the other area is, as we've talked about, investments in a number of significant growth areas, and so we are continuing those where they are providing good momentum, and we are paring back on some of those that have not met our expectations, as we go into fiscal 2025. Thanks very much. Thanks, Mike. The next question comes from Kevin McCarthy of Vertical Research Partners. Please go ahead. Thank you, and good morning. Good morning. Hope you're doing well. Hey, Frank, I wanted to follow up on a comment that you made in the prepared remarks, whereby I think you indicated that some lower operating rates and associated fixed cost absorption was masking some of the MAP program restructuring benefits. Can you quantify that? And, what is your expectation for that dynamic going into fiscal 2025? Will there be less masking, perhaps? Let me have Rusty can provide some details. But in general, as we've talked in the past, and you can see it in the improvement over the last two years in gross profitability, it's the hardest thing to move... and our MAP initiatives have been focused on that, consolidating production facilities. We are in the midst of MAP 25, another 12 opportunities to consolidate versus the 30 or so that we completed in the original 2020 MAP to growth program, as well as a very effective systemized way of introducing lean manufacturing and continuous improvement initiatives in our plants. So we are reducing our plant footprint, and we are increasing conversion cost productivity. All of that shows up when you sell something. And so, the only real solid almost 7% organic growth in the Q4 was from our Construction Products Group. The others all were either modestly down. And so that's the big picture. In terms of specifics, let me have Rusty address that. Yeah, Kevin, in fiscal 2024, there was a little over $50 million of unfavorable impact from unfavorable absorption on conversion costs. In the Q4, it was a little over $15 million. We'd expect more of that in this, you know, low volume growth environment. As you could see in specialty and consumer, and now in performance coatings, they are experiencing volume challenges. And as Frank mentioned, as we go through a lot of these plant consolidation projects, we are building new plants, for example, in India and Malaysia. We are closing certain plants and relocating production to other plants with, you know, increased capital spending and some capacity expansions at certain sites. So as that transition goes on, we will have some startup inefficiencies that will eventually work their way over time and generate efficiencies overall for RPM. So, Kevin, I would add that your question really gets at the heart of our outlook and what's a pretty wide range for fiscal 2025. You know, we are operating currently in a low, no growth environment in general. If and when our volumes pick up, and I would expect in the H2 of the year, if the economic circumstances don't deteriorate, that we'll see that, we'll be certainly annualizing easier comps in our Specialty Products Group and Consumer. Any volume growth will accrete to very nice leverage on our bottom line. And so that's why we have come out with kind of a wide range in terms of our EBIT forecast. Our MAP 2025 initiatives will continue to deliver solid results, but volume growth is going to hit our bottom line very nicely when it shows up. Okay. And then, that's very helpful. Maybe just to follow up on, on that notion, Frank, if volume growth does pick up, how would you characterize the contribution margins in your businesses, you know, based on the new asset and cost footprint that RPM has? You know, without getting into specific details, I think that the two biggest points of reference that people should focus on throughout the year is, A, the improvement that we generated in our gross profit margins, and you've seen that. And then, B, this $50 million of under-unabsorbed overhead costs that Rusty talked about. The gross margin is gonna deliver more profitability per dollar of sales, and there's a point at which we're gonna have some favorable comparisons to these under-absorption hits, which will benefit our product line, or I'm sorry, our profitability. Got it. Thank you very much. The next question comes from Frank Mitsch of Fermium Research. Please go ahead. Morning, Frank. Good morning. Yeah, good morning, Frank. I guess, congrats to you for calling fiscal 2024 in terms of your initial guidance, and let me offer my congrats to Matt on his recent promotion. Given your solid forecasting skills, Frank, you indicated that you expect volume growth perhaps in the back half of fiscal 2025. So, I guess, you know, as you're looking at your order books, fiscal... I'm sorry, calendar 2024, the back half, we shouldn't be baking in any DIY sort of improvement. Is that fair to say? I think that's fair to say. I actually think both for the fiscal year and in the Q4, we're executing at a really high level in our consumer group. You know, we've been through what's now 15 months, maybe more, 18 months, of negative consumer takeaway across the DIY paint space. You know, some of that 18 months ago was, I think, still continued fallout from the COVID bump, which was huge. But as we sit here today, it's really driven by housing turnover. We are at a 30-year low in terms of housing turnover, and housing turnover is one critical element that drives a consumer takeaway. But having said all that, for the year and in the quarter, you're looking at, you know, negative units of about 1%.... And versus our identifiable peers, it's a pretty strong result in terms of how we're performing, and it's a lot of the things that Matt talked about, some market share gains, some new product introductions, some strength in some new product introductions in the UK and Europe. And so I think our consumer group is performing at a pretty good level in this environment, and I would expect that to continue. We don't have a better crystal ball than anyone else in terms of where the economy is going. Gotcha. Understood. And, you know, I think you had indicated, you know, obviously, your balance sheet has been improving. You've been generating a lot of cash, so that begs the question, what to do with cash? And I think you'd indicated prior that that valuations have been a bit of a hindrance in terms of of the M&A. I'm not gonna ask specifically about PPG and what's going on there, but I was wondering if you might be able to offer thoughts on on potential M&A opportunities to think about in fiscal 2025. Sure. So as we talked about, you know, we have structurally improved our cash generation capabilities, so we're at new levels of cash flow, which we expect to maintain and marginally improve because there's still some more work to do in working capital improvement. Our balance sheet is in the best shape it's been in 30 years. So we have plenty of opportunities for acquisition activity. I would expect that to pick up versus what's been a pretty modest acquisition period, particularly relative to RPM's history. Our focus continues to be on the small- and medium-sized acquisitions that are highly strategic to our businesses, and that's where you'll see us focus. Terrific. Thanks so much. Thank you. The next question comes from John McNulty of BMO. Please go ahead. Yeah, good morning. Thanks for taking my question, Frank. Hey, Frank. So can you help us to think about what the cost savings would be tied to the 12 facilities that you're rationalizing? I understand some of it's tied to efficiency at other plants, and that means, you know, to get the full benefit, it may take volumes. But is there just a flat cost benefit on the, on the plant rationalization that we should be thinking about? I don't have those details. I don't know if Rusty has a swag at that, but it's I don't have a good sense of that, good enough to give you a number that I could stand behind. Rusty, do you have any more insights? Yeah, it'll be, John, very meaningful in fiscal 2025. As you might have seen a few times before, we are projecting $185 million of annualized MAP savings in wave 3 of our MAP program in fiscal 2025. That's the highest year for savings, and these plant consolidations are a big part of that. Okay, fair enough. So, I guess, Frank, when I think about your guide for 2025, you've got the benefit of SG&A cuts that you spoke to, about $25 million. You've got what sound like some pretty significant benefits on the plant rationalization. So it seems like you can get to kind of something in the, whatever, low- to mid-14% margin range as you look out to 2025 without much in the way of volume growth. Is that the right way to think about it? And then the volume growth is kind of the additional kicker that may push you closer and closer to that 16% kind of longer-term target. Is that the right way to think about it? Sure. I think we are on track to achieve, in terms of delivered results, our goals for fiscal 2026. And, you know, our program is at an annualized run rate, so we will not experience all of those benefits that Rusty talked about in fiscal 2025. But by the end of 2025, we will be benefiting fully from plant consolidation and other MAP 2025 initiatives. So I think we're in good shape there. It just depends on volume, and I'm. It's a broken record here, but we're in a low growth, no growth environment, and given our MAP 2025 success, with flat results, we should be able to deliver solid EBIT growth. And, again, referencing the wide range in EBIT expectations, on the downside, I think we'll be able to deliver mid-single digit EBIT growth, and when we get some pickup in volume, you're gonna see EBIT growth in the teens. And, so don't have much more to add there because of crystal ball and kind of the dynamics, particularly in our core North American market. I think we're gonna be in this low, no growth environment in Q1, and it's our expectation that by the time we get to the H2, you're gonna see some positive results. Even, you know, assuming there's no further deterioration, just 'cause we're gonna be rounding easier comps, particularly in consumer and specialty products. Got it. Very clear. Thanks very much, Frank. Thank you. The next question comes from David Huang of Deutsche Bank. Please go ahead. Good morning. I guess first- Good morning. - regarding the FY 2025 guidance, I guess, you know, deposit pricing, how should we think about that in terms of, you know, your project-based construction pricing and consumer pricing? And then I guess, which business or segment are you seeing the highest year-over-year price increases today? So in general, both pricing and raw materials for the time being are relatively stable. Obviously, there's some exceptions up and down in different categories. Price in the quarter was marginally higher. But, so I think the way to think about price for fiscal 2025 will be in the 1% range, maybe slightly higher. The areas where we continue to see inflation are in wages, benefits, insurance costs, similar to other companies and not specific even to our industry. They have moderated in every case from where they were a few years ago. So it's gonna be, unless there is a meaningful change in inflation one way or another, I think a very modest impact on results. Okay, got it. Maybe I'll try PPG one more time. I guess, has your interest level or scope changed versus a few months ago? And I guess, absent of any acquisitions, how should we think about capital allocation for FY 2025? Sure. So our capital allocation will remain what it has been. I would expect, you know, $50 million or more, depending on circumstances of share repurchases. I would expect our board to raise our dividend for its 51st consecutive year when they meet in October. With our payout ratio, you know, 20 years ago, we consistently had a payout ratio at or above 50%. Now we're in the mid-30s, so our ability to increase our cash dividend at a rate more consistent with earnings growth exists today. From an M&A perspective, I would expect us to do more M&A in the coming years versus a modest period of M&A growth in the last couple of years, primarily focused on small and medium-sized businesses or product lines. I guess no update on the PPG acquisition? Beyond those comments, no update. Okay, thank you. The next question comes from John Roberts of Mizuho. Please go ahead. Thank you. John. Morning. On slide 14, under the full year 2025 guidance, Rusty mentioned that PCG had moderating growth from reshoring. Is that expected continued delays on project completions, or are you seeing declining new project start activity, or both? Some of it is both in our Construction Products Group and PCG, some slowing down of projects that we have already won. Then it's just anticipation of a low, no growth environment as we round in PCG and CPG, pretty challenging comps. So the opposite of our consumer and specialty. We expect positive growth both in performance coatings and in construction products, but they'll be rounding some pretty healthy comps in each quarter of fiscal 2025. Okay. Can you remind us if there were tariffs on tin plate under the prior administration, and how you're thinking about any risks around that? Yeah. There were tariffs on tin plate, and that's kept our packaging, which primarily impact or most impacts our consumer segment, that those prices went up with the inflation, and they never came back down. So they've been sticky near the top, and those tariffs have been a contributing factor. Thank you. The next question comes from Ghansham Panjabi of Baird. Please go ahead. Morning, Ghansham. Good morning. Morning, Frank. I guess, you know, going back to the consumer segment, you know, can you just give us a bit more color on as to what exactly you're embedding for volume growth, you know, for that segment in fiscal year 2025? I know you called out some share gains, but, you know, do-it-yourself still seems a little bit weak. It is, it is. So I would expect Q1 and consumer to look like Q4. You know, we still see some consumer takeaways, not terrific. The new product introductions and some of the market share gains that we have an expanding presence of the 5-in-1, the patented 5-in-1 spray can, some exciting new product categories and introductions in DAP are going well. So, as we get into the back half, I think you'll see low- to mid-single-digit growth, in part just based upon easier comps. But, in the Q1, we're living in the same no growth environment or modestly negative consumer takeaway that we experienced in the spring. Okay. Thanks, Frank. And for CPG and PCG, you know, obviously, comparisons are more difficult in CPG and PCG. You call that some, you know, some, some moderation just based on project completions, et cetera. Do, do you sort of see that as, as multi-quarter, you know, sort of dynamics that occur? You know, I'm just trying to get a sense as to the, the cycles for those particular segments versus maybe consumer that you can ascribe to, maybe a change in interest rates, et cetera, more directly. Sure. I think the timing issue most impacted Q4 and will continue a little bit into the early part of Q1. But, you know, there are still many, many hundreds of billions of dollars through the infrastructure bill and other things that will be spent as the years unfold. You know, a lot of these CHIPS Acts are a good example. We're well positioned in a number of those projects, but some of them have now been slowed down, such that the spending is spread out over a couple of year longer period of time than originally envisioned. The dollars are still coming. Concrete's being poured with Euclid admixtures and Euclid fibers, and we would expect to get a reasonable share of the floor and fireproofing coatings in those. So those are just some examples, but if you look just at the Intel project here in Ohio, it's moving forward, but at a slightly slower pace than originally envisioned. But otherwise, you know, I think the dynamics that are driving those businesses continue. We have added salespeople, we've introduced new initiatives in the construction products group, in particular. We have had a multi-year shift from selling components to selling systems, and that seems to be paying off as our construction products group outperforms what's a pretty punky new construction and commercial construction environment right now. Perfect. Thank you so much. Thank you. Next question comes from Jeffrey Zekauskas of J.P. Morgan. Please go ahead. Morning, Jeff. Hi, good morning. Thanks very much. This year, you took $30 million in restructuring charges. Will you take more next year or less? I think that's probably a pretty good run rate, considering some of the plant consolidations that we spoke about previously, going forward. Are the plant consolidations new, in that through the first nine months, you spent $500,000 on plant consolidation? So, is there a real step up this quarter in your cash spending, or do you expect one for next year? Yes, we had a couple of larger plan announcements happen in the Q4 this year, which really drove the increased spending in Q4. We, more broadly, David Dennsteadt, who is the leader of our Performance Coatings Group, in support of all of our PM operations in Europe, relocated to Europe a little more than a year ago to help coordinate our MAP activities there. As you'll recall, we were focused mostly in North America on the initiation of our plant initiatives, and then COVID hit, which really slowed down our ability to do what's pretty hands-on on the plant floor process. And so with Dave's leadership and the support of our associates in our operations in Europe, we're catching up, if you will. A meaningful portion of these MAP 2025 plant consolidations are happening and will continue to happen in our European operations. Thank you very much. The next question comes from Josh Spector of UBS. Please go ahead. Morning, Josh. Hey, good morning, Frank. So I wanted to ask on... if I think about the low end of your guidance, so, I mean, basically, I assume that's pretty minimal sales growth. You're saying mid-single digit EBIT growth. I mean, that maybe gets you up, I don't know, $50-$60 million or so on the EBIT line. Is the way to think about what that is, is pricing's maybe slightly up, it offsets raws, and that, call it $50 million or so, ends up being the MAP savings you think you can achieve X volumes? Or is there anything else you would put into that math? I think that's pretty much it. You know, price will be modestly positive, but not really meaningful, unless dynamics change out there. So the way to think about it is the continuing benefits of the MAP initiatives that we'll be building throughout fiscal 2025, offset by the volume or lack of volume under absorption that Rusty referenced. And you know, when you net all those, I think we're still in a position to show positive momentum on the EBIT line, both in terms of dollars and margin, in a low, no growth environment. So Q1 feels a lot like Q4, in terms of where we sit today, halfway through the quarter. So I think your thoughts on the fiscal year are correct. You hear me say multiple times that our wide range is based upon what happens with volume as we progress throughout the year. Yep, understood. Appreciate that. I guess if I build on that and think about the under absorption you sized earlier, $50 million of last year, you're not getting the benefit of that without volumes. You have residual MAP savings with volumes. I guess the question goes into is: how much volume improvement do you need to really realize all the MAP plans? I mean, are we talking 3%-5%, or are we talking a couple of years of growth catch up until you get that to really realize that 16% or so margin structure? Sure. It'll play out over a couple of years, but 3-4% unit volume growth would sit on our bottom line really nicely. Okay. Thanks, Frank. Thank you. The next question comes from Steve Byrne of Bank of America Securities. Please go ahead. Thanks, Steve. Thank you. Your cost of goods were down 5% year-over-year in the quarter. Can you comment on how much of that 5% was raw material cost deflation versus perhaps your, you know, facility consolidations? Volumes were flat, so it would seem it would be these other categories. Any comments on that? Yeah, Steve. So almost all of that lower COGS was related to raw material deflation. So we had about mid-single digit deflation in Q4. We started that process of consolidating those plants, the plants in Q4, but we'll really see those benefits as we progress through 2025. Okay. We also had MAP benefits in terms of procurement and manufacturing work streams, and those MAP savings were north of $20 million, impacting cost of goods in the quarter. Okay, thank you. And then maybe, just drilling in a little bit more in your longer term outlook for SG&A, does, does the% of sales in the high twenties seem right to you? Or, or, or would you consider consolidating, you know, offices and sales forces and things like that beyond, you know, manufacturing facilities? Sure. So I think structurally, there's more opportunities for us, particularly in the SG&A area over time. You know, we have a goal of getting our SG&A over time down to about 26%. I will tell you that the most important asset of RPM does not show up on our balance sheet, and it's more than 2,000 sales individual sales reps. We have more people in marketing. And so given the nature of who we are and the entrepreneurial approach to customers in terms of sales, marketing, tech service, I do not envision consolidating sales forces. Going back to my grandfather, 70-some years ago, the more feet on the street, the better. Some of the growth initiatives that has been driving our SG&A up has been the addition of salespeople. And where that's not paying off, we'll adjust. In a business like our Stonhard flooring business, the addition of new sales reps has meaningfully improved their business in the top line, so they're generating of our Performance Coatings Group, they're generating solid organic growth. And so, that's how we think about SG&A going forward. Thank you. The next question comes from Vincent Andrews of Morgan Stanley. Please go ahead. Thank you, and good morning. Good morning. Could I ask on consumer, you know, with the bifurcation of performance and pro versus DIY over the past couple of years, could you first just give us an update on what you think your business mix is now, pro versus DIY and consumer? Maybe we'll just start there. Sure. I would guess we're probably about 70% DIY and about 30% pro. Our two primary consumer broad segments would be DAP. It would caulk, sealants, patch and repair products, and they're adding new products, and then Rust-Oleum and various small project paint, primers, things like that. We tend to be more consumer in Rust-Oleum small project paint, and in the Zinsser primer and DAP products, I think we're more 50/50 between consumer and pro. Okay. As a follow-up, you know, you mentioned a few times that, you know, you're waiting for existing home sales to come back, and so I'm just kind of curious, is your portfolio more levered to the work that's done post-home sale versus the prep work that might be done before the home goes on the market, or are you indifferent? We're getting double whammy because in a sale, we get both. So when you think about a home sale, people take time to fix up, patch and repair, paint, and it plays very much into our hands because of the nature of our products, particularly patch and repair and the small project paint, versus somebody hiring a paint contractor to paint their whole house, which is not the space that we're in today. And then when somebody shows up into a new house, they redecorate rooms and, you know, do modest improvements, and again, that benefits us. So we benefit both on the sell and the actions taken to prepare the house for sale and on the buy and the actions that new home buyers take. We are not seeing that to the extent that, that we have in the past, because we're at a 30, literally a 30-year low in housing turnover because people are stuck in homes of interest rates and other factors. It's also a significant driver of the underperformance in our Specialty Products Group. Our industrial coatings business, which is the largest segment, almost half of our, Specialty Products Group revenues, serves like kitchen cabinets and all kinds of wood cabinets, and woodwork, and doors, and windows. So we are still tied into a meaningful part of what's still manufactured in the United States that goes into housing. And, that's been a challenge as well, both on the new construction side, as well as on the housing turnover side as it relates to furniture or, major, home improvements. So the increase we've seen in homes for sale so far, I guess, the answer would be it's just not material enough to really move the needle for you yet. Is that fair? That's correct. Again, we're at a 30-year low, and you know, unfortunately, Wall Street Journal reported just this week that housing prices hit a new high. And so the value of homes in light of the inflation that you know, we've experienced in North America, the significant increase in interest rates, its impact on mortgages, you know, all those are factors that are underlying dynamics that aren't great. That's why I comment on the performance of our consumer group in light of those, with unit volume down about 1% in the quarter, is really outstanding. And it shows positively in comparison to our identifiable peers. And I think we're performing well given the dynamics that are out there. For further proof that when the worm turns, you know, we'll see some nice volume pickups, particularly related to new shelf placement for abrasives. So we're in the sandpaper business and growing. It's not a category that existed for RPM three or four years ago, and we're moving into cleaner product categories. And so there's a number of new initiatives that I think will help growth. Great. Thanks very much. Thank you. The next question comes from Mike Sison of Wells Fargo. Please go ahead. Good morning, Michael. Hey, good morning. A nice end of the year. Hopefully, the Guardians can follow through. Amen. Frank, what if demand gets worse going forward? I certainly don't hope that's the case, but if things get a little bit weaker, you know, can you accelerate some of the MAPs savings to still sort of have a good year relative to your guidance? Sure. So I think that we're our people are executing the MAP initiatives at a really high level, and I don't know that there's any accelerating those. I think it's a very methodical approach to addressing both the continuous improvement lean manufacturing disciplines more broadly across the globe. Another initiative that is paying off for us, and it probably took us 20 years to figure this out, is the platform approach to the developing world. You know, we had stop and start efforts with our businesses as we, either organically or through small acquisitions, would do acquisitions in Southeast Asia or in China or in India. And we have a very high-performing leadership team that's based in South Africa. And given their success, because of the uniqueness of that market across our consumer brands and our construction products brand and our performance coatings brand, it was fundamentally a Carboline business when we acquired a South African operation, so a performance coatings business. They now have sales, they consolidated administration and production, but have independent sales and market focus across almost all of RPM's brands. They are now responsible for the Middle East, Africa, India, and Southeast Asia, and that's paying big dividends for us. And so that's a different approach for RPM. It's on a small base, but the growth percentages are pretty impressive, and there's a lot more to come there. So those are the types of things, Michael, that I think will allow us to generate positive momentum in a low growth, no growth environment. We don't see things deteriorating further. I think there's been a rolling recession, notwithstanding all the headlines in the manufacturing sector, anything that touched housing, you can see it. And that then accreted to our supply chain supplier base that had had a challenging year. I can't speak to services or tech, but if you're in manufacturing, the last 12 or 18 months have been challenging. We don't see it getting worse. Lastly, if it does get worse, unrelated to our MAP initiatives, there would be room, if necessary, on the SG&A area for additional expense reductions. Got it. And then quick follow-up in terms of innovation. I recall Nudura was one that had a lot of momentum, a lot in commercial areas, but have you seen any progress in moving that product into the residential applications? We have, and also, I think more importantly, into commercial. And so we have a real significant effort to get Nudura specified, get it understood, communicate and educate about Nudura, and get it specified into the new construction market for schools. We now have a specification throughout schools in Kentucky, for instance, following the terrible tornadoes they had a couple of years ago. We're moving it into other states, particularly states that are kind of in the Tornado Alley area. Specification doesn't mean we'll get to work, but it, you know, you've got to educate architects and engineers and builders, and then you need to build momentum, and we're starting to see that happen in the school market. So that's a nice area. The last comment I'll make about Nudura is my wife and I had an unfortunate sewer flooding circumstance in our home in Cleveland, Ohio, and after working with our insurance company for a few months to remediate that, we made the decision to tear it down and build a new home. And so we are in the midst of building a 5,000 sq ft Nudura home, paying for it directly through the builder. New to the architect and new to the builder, and I am learning along with them, and the Construction Products Group knows that I'm gonna learn firsthand all the good things that they're talking about Nudura and what challenges there are through direct experience. Got it. Thank you. Thank you. Once again, if you would like to ask a question, please press star, then one. Our next question will come from Aleksey Yefremov of KeyBanc. Please go ahead. Good morning. Frank, what is your expectation for infrastructure sales for your business in fiscal 25 and beyond? Sure. I think they're gonna continue. You got a $1 trillion infrastructure bill that will impact a lot of the areas. You've got a CHIPS Act in terms of chip manufacturing in the US, and we're well positioned in our Performance Coatings Group and Construction Products Group for some of that work. And so we would expect to see the benefits of that, I think, through 2026. But again, you'll see a more modest sales growth than the past year just 'cause we're rounding some very challenging comps. But nonetheless, we'll see positive growth there, and we're well positioned to benefit from it. Frank, you made some comments on reshoring, potentially slowing down this fiscal year. Is it mostly comps or in some of the slowdowns, do you see it could be other reasons like, I don't know, lack of resources or demand or anything like that? If you could give more color on those slowdowns that you already see. Sure. It's a combination of the more challenging comparisons, but it is also a slowdown in some of the project completions. I think that, you know, whether it's... Interestingly, it's as much about labor and new facilities as it is, you know, and training up personnel to staff new chip plants or other things as it is about construction labor. But the projects are not stopping. They're continuing. The dollars are there and committed, but I think the expectation of how they'll be spent is now gonna be spread out over a longer period of time. So the impact in fiscal 2026 will be... or I'm sorry, fiscal 2025, will be pushed into 2026 and maybe beyond, versus what was a pretty good kick start in fiscal 2025. This concludes our question and answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to Frank Sullivan for any closing remarks. Thank you, Andrea. Well, I'd like to conclude by recognizing and thanking our more than 17,000 associates around the globe who are executing at a really high level on our MAP initiatives. It's making a huge difference for RPM and for our shareholders. Thank you all for your participation in our conference call, and we look forward to talking to you about the development of fiscal 2025 in October, and to having you participate in our shareholder meeting as well. That'll happen at the same time. Thanks again for your interest in RPM and for your investment and research, and have a great rest of what's a very quickly happening summer of 2024. Thank you. The conference has now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation and-