Greetings, and welcome to the Waste Connections Second Quarter 2021 Earnings Conference Call. During the presentation, all participants will be in a listen-only mode. Afterwards, we will conduct a question and answer session. At that time, if you have a question, please press the one followed by the four on your telephone. If at any time during the conference you need to reach an operator, please press star zero. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded today, Thursday, August 5th, 2021. I would now like to turn the conference over to Worthing Jackman, President and CEO of Waste Connections. Please go ahead. Perfect. Thank you, operator, and good morning. I'd like to welcome everyone to this conference call to discuss our second quarter 2021 results and updated outlook for the full year, and to provide a detailed outlook for the third quarter. I'm joined this morning by Mary Anne Whitney, our CFO. As noted in our earnings release, broad-based strength driven across the board beat in the second quarter. Revenue and adjusted EBITDA in Q2 increased 17.5% and 23% respectively over the prior year period, primarily as a result of continued improvement in solid waste pricing, volume growth, and strength in recovered commodity values. These trends drove year-to-date adjusted EBITDA margin expansion of 110 basis points and adjusted free cash flow of over $585 million, up 18.5% year-over-year. Given expected continuing momentum and margin expansion from these trends, position us to raise our full-year outlook for revenue, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA margin, and adjusted free cash flow. 2021 also has the potential to be another outsized year of acquisition activity. Year to date, we have signed or closed 14 acquisitions, with total annualized revenue of approximately $115 million, including $75 million of franchise operations in California, Nevada, and Oregon expected to close later this year. We continue to see record amounts of seller interest, driving elevated acquisition dialogue, and, as communicated throughout the year, expect closings related to most of this activity to be more weighted to the second half of the year, which will provide further upside to our increased outlook for the year and strong rollover growth into 2022. Before we get too much more into detail, let me turn the call over to Mary Anne for our forward-looking disclaimer and other housekeeping items. Thank you, Worthing, and good morning. The discussion during today's call includes forward-looking statements made pursuant to the Safe Harbor Provisions of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including forward-looking information within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities laws. Actual results could differ materially from those made in such forward-looking statements due to various risks and uncertainties. Factors that could cause actual results to differ are discussed both in the cautionary statement included in our August fourth earnings release and in greater detail in Waste Connections' filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and the securities commissions or similar regulatory authorities in Canada. You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as there may be additional risks of which we are not presently aware or that we currently believe are immaterial, which could have an adverse impact on our business. We make no commitment to revise or update any forward-looking statements in order to reflect events or circumstances that may change after today's date. On the call, we will discuss non-GAAP measures such as adjusted EBITDA, adjusted net income attributable to Waste Connections on both a dollar basis and per diluted share, and adjusted free cash flow. Please refer to our earnings releases for a reconciliation of such non-GAAP measures to the most comparable GAAP measures. Management uses certain non-GAAP measures to evaluate and monitor the ongoing financial performance of our operations. Other companies may calculate these non-GAAP measures differently. I will now turn the call back over to Worthing. Thank you, Mary Anne. In the second quarter, solid waste price plus volume growth of 11.4% exceeded our expectations by almost 150 basis points, primarily as a result of higher-than-expected volumes as the recovery trends that began in Q1 continued throughout the quarter, with landfill tons and roll-off pulls returning to levels about in line with or above pre-pandemic levels. Total price of 4.9%, up 70 basis points sequentially, was above our outlook on higher core pricing of 4.7%, once again reflecting the strength of pricing retention we noted in Q1, plus about 20 basis points in fuel and material surcharges. Our Q2 pricing ranged from 2.6% in our mostly exclusive western region to a range of about four and a half to 7% in our more competitive regions. Looking ahead, we are positioned for higher sequential pricing growth during the second half of the year as a result of incremental price increases we have already put in place to offset certain cost pressures. Reported volume growth of 6.5% in Q2 reflected sequential improvement of approximately 1,000 basis points from Q1 and was led by those regions where markets were hardest hit during the pandemic, including the Northeast U.S. and Canada. All regions showed sequential improvement from Q1, and all reported positive volumes in Q2. Volumes ranged from about 4% in our central region, where comparisons to the prior year were tougher as many markets were relatively less impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, to almost 10.5% in Canada, one of our most impacted regions, where the volume recovery had been remarkably strong. Arguably outpacing the reopening activity, particularly when considering that many restrictions in Canada extended through Q2 of this year. Also noteworthy is our western region, where volumes led our other regions going into the pandemic and continue to be the strongest in the U.S. at about 8.5% in Q2. Looking at year-over-year results in the second quarter on a same-store basis, all lines of business increased by double digits. Commercial collection revenue was up 16% year-over-year. Roll-off pulls increased by over 11% year-over-year, led by Canada, up almost 20% and back to above pre-COVID-19 levels. In the U.S., pulls were up about 10%, and all regions showed year-over-year improvement, most notably in our more impacted markets, including in the Northeast. Landfill tons were up 17% year-over-year on MSW tons up 11%, C&D tons up 20%, and special waste tons up 33%. As a result, landfill tons have returned to above pre-pandemic levels in all of our regions except the eastern region, which was slightly below prior levels as a result of the delayed reopening activity in markets in the Northeast. Looking more closely at results, as noted, all waste types were up double-digit percentages year-over-year. However, the outsized amount of special waste activity was particularly noteworthy, as Q2 activity propelled tons back to 13% above pre-pandemic levels with all regions up year-over-year, perhaps due to a little pull forward from Q3. Looking at Q2 revenues from recovery commodities, that is recycled commodities, landfill gas, and renewable energy credits, or RINs. Excluding acquisitions, collectively, they were up about 95% year-over-year, resulting in a combined margin tailwind of about 130 basis points, 90 basis points of which was from recycling and 40 basis points from landfill gas and RINs. Recycling revenue increases were driven by both higher commodity values, including old corrugated containers or OCC, up 25%, and plastics and metals both up over 100%. Higher volumes also contributed year-over-year, again, reflecting the pandemic impact. Prices for OCC averaged about $135 per ton in Q2, and our RIN pricing averaged about $2.72. Finally, on to E&P waste activity. We reported $31.2 million of E&P waste revenue in the second quarter, up 26% sequentially from Q1, reflecting increased activity across multiple basins. Looking at acquisition activity, as noted earlier, we've already signed and closed 14 acquisitions with annualized revenue of approximately $115 million, approaching what we would consider an average amount of activity for the full year. These transactions include multiple West Coast franchise markets, which are core to our strategy and provide unique opportunities to expand our exclusive contract portfolio. Our pipeline still reflects record levels of seller interest, driving the potential for outsized activity in 2021, primarily given tax-related considerations. That said, we continue to be selective and disciplined in our approach to acquisitions as we recognize the importance of value creation for our shareholders, as well as market selection and asset positioning. Now I'd like to pass the call to Mary Anne to review more in depth the financial highlights of the second quarter and our increased outlook for the year and to provide a detailed outlook for Q3. I will then wrap up before heading into Q&A. Thank you, Worthing. In the second quarter, revenue was $1.534 billion, about $44 million above our outlook, due primarily to higher-than-expected solid waste growth and recovered commodity values. Revenue on a reported basis was up $228 million or 17.5% year-over-year, including acquisitions completed since the year-ago period, which contributed about $47.6 million of revenue in the quarter or about $44.1 million net of divestitures. Adjusted EBITDA for Q2, as reconciled in our earnings release, was $484.9 million, about $17 million and 20 basis points above our outlook at 31.6% of revenue, up 140 basis points year-over-year. Commodity-driven impacts account for about 100 basis points of margin expansion, net of a 30 basis point impact from higher fuel on diesel rates up almost 20% year-over-year. Ex fuel, solid waste collection, transfer, and disposal margins expanded by 50 basis points as we more than offset a 60 basis points increase in incentive compensation costs, 50 basis points from higher medical, and 50 basis points from increased discretionary expenses. Finally, acquisitions completed since the year-ago period accounted for about 10 basis points of margin dilution. Regarding discretionary expenses, we've begun the process of returning to a more normalized operating environment, including in-person training, meetings, and other activities we consider integral to sustaining our culture and expanding our bench strength ahead of future growth. Given the challenging labor environment, we've also proactively implemented supplemental wage adjustments in many markets as we anticipate or combat labor constraints. These purposeful wage and discretionary cost additions, along with higher incentive, medical, and other costs resulting from more typical activity levels, largely replaced last year's COVID-19 related frontline support costs, the majority of which did not repeat this year. As noted earlier, we've already implemented incremental price increases to address these higher costs, resulting in full year 2021 price of approximately 5%, up from 4% in our original outlook. We delivered adjusted free cash flow up 18.5% year-over-year through Q2 at $585 million or 20% of revenue, putting us on track to achieve our revised adjusted free cash flow outlook of approximately $1 billion. I will now review our outlook for the third quarter 2021 and our updated outlook for the full year. Before I do, we'd like to remind everyone once again that actual results may vary significantly based on risks and uncertainties outlined in our Safe Harbor statement and filings we've made with the SEC and the securities commissions or similar regulatory authorities in Canada. We encourage investors to review these factors carefully. Our outlook assumes no significant change in underlying economic trends, including as a result of or related to impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic or the Delta variant of the coronavirus. It also excludes any impact from additional acquisitions that may close during the remainder of the year and expensing of transaction-related items during the period. Looking first at Q3. Revenue in Q3 is estimated to be approximately $1.56 billion. We expect solid waste price plus volume growth of about 7% in Q3, with pricing of about 5%. Recovered commodity values and E&P waste revenue are expected to remain in line with current levels, with RINs generally in line with Q2 levels and OCC trending slightly higher. Adjusted EBITDA in Q3 is estimated to be approximately $495 million or 31.7% of revenue, up 60 basis points year-over-year and up sequentially from Q2. Depreciation and amortization expense for the third quarter is estimated to be about 13.3% of revenue, including amortization of intangibles of about $33.8 million or rounded $0.10 per diluted share net of taxes. Interest expense net of interest income is estimated at approximately $40 million. Finally, our effective tax rate in Q3 is estimated to be about 21.5%, subject to some variability. Turning now to our updated outlook for the full year as provided and reconciled in our earnings release. Revenue for 2021 is now estimated to be approximately $5.975 billion or $175 million above our initial outlook, with the primary drivers being an additional 150 basis points of solid waste price plus volume growth and higher recovered commodity values as compared to our initial outlook, plus $25 million from acquisitions completed year to date. Adjusted EBITDA for the full year is now estimated to be approximately $1.875 billion or about 31.4% of revenue and up about $75 million over our initial outlook. Full year adjusted EBITDA margin guidance is 40 basis points above our initial outlook, up 90 basis points year-over-year. At 31.4%, our adjusted EBITDA margin outlook reflects continued year-over-year margin expansion in the second half of 2021 in spite of wage and inflationary pressures and tougher year-over-year comparisons. Adjusted free cash flow in 2021 is now expected to be approximately $1 billion or over 53% of EBITDA and up $50 million from our initial outlook, despite CapEx up $50 million from our original outlook. Last week, we closed our new $2.5 billion credit facility, which increased borrowing capacity by almost $300 million, reduced borrowing spreads, and enhanced flexibility for continued growth. Our balance sheet strength, together with this increased capacity, positions us for potential above-average acquisition activity and an increasing return of capital to shareholders. We have already returned over $400 million to shareholders in 2021 through share repurchases and dividends, and we are in the process of renewing our Normal Course Issuer Bid, authorizing the repurchase of up to 5% of our outstanding shares per annum. We will continue to approach share repurchases opportunistically and anticipate announcing another double-digit percentage per share increase in our cash dividends in October. Now let me turn the call back over to Worthing for some final remarks before Q&A. Thank you, Mary Anne. Again, broad-based strength continues to drive results ahead of expectations as we benefit from reopening activity in a supportive macro environment, including tailwinds from recovered commodity values. We've once again demonstrated the importance of being selective about markets and intentional about driving results. Quality of revenue and comparative price retention across markets matter. We're extremely pleased to be in a position to raise our outlook for the full year. We're set up for continuing margin expansion through the second half of 2021 as proactive, unbudgeted price increases offset wage and inflationary pressures. We are on track for adjusted free cash flow of approximately $1 billion and adjusted EBITDA margins back above pre-COVID-19 levels. Finally, we expect to announce another double-digit percentage increase in our regularly quarterly cash dividend in October and remain well-positioned for potential significant increase in acquisition outlays to drive further growth in 2021 and beyond. We appreciate your time today. I will now turn this call over to the operator to open up lines for your questions. Operator? Thank you. If you would like to register a question, please press the one followed by the four on your telephone. You will hear a three-tone prompt to acknowledge your request. If your question has been answered and you would like to withdraw your registration, please press the one followed by the three. Our first question is from the line of Walter Spracklin with RBC Capital Markets. Please proceed with your question. Yeah, thanks very much. Good morning, everyone. Hey, good morning, Walter. Good morning, Walter. Yeah. I'd like to zero in on your M&A pipeline, and my question is, what is the main driver of your pace of acquisitions? Obviously, it's not financial leverage, but is it just the availability of sellers? Is it valuations on offer prices, or is it your own kind of acquisition processing and integration capacity? The reason I'm asking is that the sector is clearly consolidating rapidly here, and good companies are being gobbled up by you and your competitors, and I'm just curious as to whether now is the time to kind of stretch your acquisition activity even more than you've already done, and perhaps add leverage or a turn of leverage there to achieve a more rapid pace, given how fast and how rapidly good companies are being acquired in your sector right now. Walter, that's a great question. Look, we've always said that sellers determine the timing when good businesses are sold, right? These are family-driven issues, tax-driven issues, lineage transition issues, et cetera. We've always wanted to maintain the flexibility to be there to write the checks when they make the decision to sell. That's why you've seen us keep a lot of dry powder on our balance sheet. I mean, not that we'll spend all this, but we could theoretically write a $3 billion check right now and still stay around 3x leverage. I say that because this year you are seeing a lot of folks come to the table. In the U.S., a lot of that is driven by potential tax changes, increases to capital gains rates. When the administration says something like, "Well, we might go to 40% on cap gains," and you recognize in a state like California, that would mean cap gains would be taxed at over 57%. These are three, four generation-old companies that all of a sudden have to give most of the proceeds to the government after all their 100 years of work. These are real considerations for people in the U.S., and so we've seen a lot of tax-driven conversations. We have seen some lineage transition-driven conversations. We've got people who are some sellers who are just exhausted, having gone through a pandemic, having gone through the struggles around labor, increased investment requirements in the business to keep up with regulations and changes looking ahead. The businesses are back above pre-pandemic levels, and so they know it's a good time to come to the market. There's a variety of things that drive sellers, but again, in our model, sellers determine when the timing is right for them. Okay. I appreciate that color, Worthing. My follow-up question is on landfill gas energy opportunities. A lot of your competitors now are starting to talk about that opportunity. Could you give us a little bit of a flavor for how many facilities do you see as poised to or potentially participating in that trend, and even if you have some numbers around that in terms of revenue cash flow opportunity, that'd be helpful as well. Sure. We've been consistent about this conversation. Obviously, we've said a lot more about it in our sustainability report that we published a year ago. Frankly, we're pivoting from a position of knowledge because we've got the largest plant right now in North America with regards to this. Look, we've said all along that we've got three-five opportunities for high BTU plants within our current network we've been working on for many years. Two are further along in the process than others. We expect to commence construction next year on two plants that we've already approved. Understand that lead time for some of these plants, once you say go, can still be at least 18 months for some critical components. Again, you think about some of the delays on the manufacturing side, it affects construction and timetables for these plants as well. We've been consistent to say, at the earliest, we would expect contribution from these to start in 2023 and hit their full stride sometime second half of that year and into 2024. The numbers around it are simple. Between the couple of plants that we're looking at right now and a couple of recycling plants as well that we're looking to build, that kind of investment could be anywhere between $100 million-$125 million collectively. You look at that, and it means the revenue opportunity at that is probably close to 75% or 80% of that. EBITDA flow through is probably close to 70% of that revenue. As you can see in today's environment especially, the payback can be a lot quicker than that when you see EBITDA can be higher than that. We've always said payback can be in that three-year plus or minus range with regards to these kind of investments. Again, today, it's quicker than that. Appreciate the time, Worthing, and congrats on a good quarter. Sure. Thank you. Thank you. Our next question is from the line of Hamzah Mazari with Jefferies. Please proceed with your question. Hey, good morning. Thank you. I guess my first question is maybe you could help talk about just the interplay between pricing and inflation. What we mean by that is how much of the price increase is sort of playing catch up to inflation versus sort of flowing to the bottom line. Maybe help us think about that. As you answer that, maybe you can layer in your incremental margin assumption as sort of demand improves further. Sure. Good morning, Hamzah. Thanks for the question. First of all, with respect to pricing, as we described, we've already implemented price increases that are leading to the higher reported pricing in the back half of the year, which is, of course, an anomaly, right? We would typically report our highest price earlier in the year, and just on a reported basis, it would step down over the course of the year, just mathematically. That tells you we already had strong pricing retention in Q2, and the pricing is increasing in Q3 and Q4. As we further described, that is offsetting, is covering the incremental wage pressure, in some cases where we did market adjustments proactively, in other cases where we've seen those labor constraints. We feel we have that covered with these incremental price increases. That's one aspect of it. I'd say, more broadly, when we think about the incrementals, we've talked about the 40%+ as volumes return. I think that's the same way to think about it. Of course, being mindful of the fact that what's come back most quickly are landfill tons, which would have higher incrementals than what's really left if we think about what pieces aren't back in. We said on the call that landfill tons and roll-off pulls are really back to pre-pandemic levels. That tells you that last point, 1.5% of volume, which isn't in our numbers yet, is more commercial, and so could have slightly lower incrementals, but still the right way to think about it. Great. Very helpful. Just on M&A, I know you sort of outlined what you have in the second half. Maybe just if you could update us on whether you think the pipeline can come in a lot higher than that. Just as it relates to M&A, how quickly does M&A become accretive for you? Is it faster now because you have higher scale than it was historically for you? First, the second point, M&A comes in accretive to free cash flow day one. Margin profile is different because to the extent, as you know, Hamzah, we're already running 31-plus% on EBITDA margins, and we're buying a collection operation. A good collection operation might be in the mid to high 20s with regards to margin. We'll improve that a little bit, but what gets us to the 31% or higher is our integrated network of landfills and some other higher margin things we do. It always pulls a little bit, tugs a little bit on margins. You saw in this quarter, acquisitions were about 10 basis points dilutive to the overall. Because the base business is getting so much bigger, the dilutive impact of acquisitions, if they're collection only, just is getting lesser and lesser. Obviously on a free cash flow basis, it's accretive as it comes in. With regards to the environment, look, as we think of the setup for acquisitions, if we signed or closed $115 million of revenue so far, that already provides about 1.5% rollover growth into next year. If we simply double that in the balance of the year, we're going into next year with 3% from acquisitions. Obviously, if we do more, that increases that 3%. That 3% plus right now running at around 7% price plus volume growth, puts double-digit revenue growth going into next year, not out of the question. Then obviously more things that we get done next year provide further growth from that. So M&A activity this year will increase. We will do more than the $115 million. With double-digit revenue growth already in hand as we enter the year at a minimum, that plus margin expansion drives great flow through, as you know, to earnings growth and more importantly, free cash flow per share growth. That's very helpful. Just last question, I'll turn it over. On your Q3 volume estimate of 2%, just frame for us how conservative that is. Are you assuming education, sports, all comes back? I don't know how much exposure you have there. Is the special waste a good indicator of what's to come on volumes? Thank you. Sure. With respect to Q3, where we guided to 7% price plus volume and said about five is price and therefore two is volumes, we haven't assumed continued reopening activity, Hamzah. Basically, it says at a point in time based on kind of where we were in Q2, how do we think about the rest of the year? To the extent there's any improvement, particularly in those most impacted markets as we described, the Northeast, for instance, which hadn't come back yet or to a much lesser degree, that would be incremental. That would be upside to what we've communicated. To that point, similarly on recycled commodities, E&P activity, RINs, to the extent there's continued improvement in any of those, that would also be upside to what we've guided. To your question regarding special waste, just to close on that, the observation there was just how strong it was in Q2 and a reminder how lumpy special waste can be. The observation is you don't know that that level, that pace would continue. It might have been some pull forward from Q3, and so we'll watch during the quarter to see where that plays out. Got it. Thank you so much. Thank you. Thank you. Our next question is from the line of Jeff Goldstein with Morgan Stanley. Please proceed with your question. Hey, good morning. Thanks for taking my questions. Good morning. I just want to follow up a little bit on that last question around volumes and just try to parse that out a little bit more. Just looking at the quarter, your 6.5% increase, you're still about 300 basis points below 2Q 2019 levels. I know you've mentioned a lot of positives around things like C&D and special waste, but maybe you could just add a little bit more about what you think is lagging and really what is the source of upside if we are going to reach pre-pandemic levels by the end of the year, and if you think that's feasible. Sure. To frame it, the way we think about it, when we finished 2020, we said at that point, there's really about 3% that's not back in these numbers, negative 3% volumes. What we've observed already in the first half of the year, that the volume recovery had outpaced our expectations by about 100 basis points, a little more than that. From our purview, there's probably 1.5 in volume which isn't back in the numbers yet as compared to pre-pandemic levels. To the observation about the fact that tons are essentially back, pulls are essentially back, it tells you that it's really the commercial piece which is lagging, which of course, would take longer to get back. Those tons and pulls are good real-time indicators of activity. To your question, that's where we see the remaining piece, and we certainly see that if we look at that 1.5%, there's a large portion of it which is concentrated in the Northeast of the U.S., particularly New York City and in Canada, both of which were more impacted by the pandemic and slower to reopen. We'll look forward to seeing that. Again, it's not in the way we've guided the rest of the year. Okay, understood. That was all very helpful. With the recycling industry being so strong right now, I'm curious if you're doing anything different to take advantage of it, meaning are there any investments to call out or any other initiatives you're taking to really capitalize on the high commodity prices right now and just the growing appetite for recycling in general, really? Well, I think the overall approach probably is not too dissimilar from the way other folks look at this, which is we've shifted over time to more of a domestic customer with regards to moving the commodities. We've looked at putting contracts in place to try to consolidate our sales effort to make sure we have the offtake there. We've invested in more optical sorting and robotics within the facility to improve the quality of the material that's being sent to those customers, which drives higher price points per ton as well. Obviously, to the extent we can continue to take labor out of that, it reduces our reliance and dependence on headcount going forward. We've taken that all into account as we've designed these two new facilities we're building to try to do what I think us and others would call the recycling facility of the future, which puts all that together and puts us in a position to, again, take labor out, improve the quality of the material, improve the overall revenue profile of the facility. As you know, this industry's already de-risked that business somewhat by moving to a tip fee structure for third parties that come in the facilities to make sure we're more than covering our OpEx and CapEx and returns from the tip fees, then letting some of the commodity values be gravy on top of that. I think the whole industry has migrated over the past three or four years into this opportunity. Obviously, the increased commodity values and the strong economy backdrop driving some of that has helped make that look even better. All right. Thanks a lot. Thank you. Our next question is from the line of Jerry Revich with Goldman Sachs. Please proceed with your question. Yes. Hi, good morning, everyone. Morning. Hi, Jerry. Last quarter, we spoke about four-five potential landfill gas pipeline development opportunities. Earlier on in the call, you mentioned what the economics look like for those types of investments. I'm wondering if you were to say, okay, today RIN prices are sustainable, is there a next layer of projects that you folks would consider if you got confidence in RIN prices staying around current levels? What could that next wave of opportunities look like? Is it a handful of plants? Is it more than that? Can you just help us understand what the pipeline looks like behind these top four or five plants that you're looking at in this wave? Sure. Just so you know, our confidence isn't just because RIN prices are where they are right now. We look at these over a long period of time and assume that prices can fall and understand that if it's a two or three-year payback and if it gets cut in half, and that could stretch to a four or six-year payback, that's still a very attractive incremental investment. We have so much already preexisting investment in the landfills that it sounds so attractive. Remember, there's a lot of other capital that's been invested that people aren't accounting for when looking at this incremental investment just for the high-BTU plant. Look, understand while we talk about both the three-five or so and the timetables on that stuff and what we're doing, the fact that we've got RFPs out for construction, that we've put deposits down for equipment and stuff, we're always looking at the portfolio, right? I mean, there are existing contracts in place where we just have gas offtake based on the older model of project developers coming in and putting electric plants at the facility. As those contracts are winding down, that gives us opportunities to renegotiate those contracts as more of our landfills mature. Obviously, that's increasing the gas production, and it brings sites over time that don't have enough production now into the fold as you look ahead five or seven years. The portfolio will continue to expand. Obviously, we've laid that out in our ESG report. The near-term actionable, as we think about the next two-three years, are what we're just talking about right now. Okay, terrific. On the pricing conversation, nice to see the pricing outlook improving. Given the comps are easier in the back half of the year, I'm wondering if you just help us understand how much are you folks planning to raise pricing in the back half of the year versus the first half of this year compared to normal seasonality? Yeah. Well, as Mary Anne pointed out, we've already put in the supplemental price increases during the second quarter, which have all hit the bills. The actions that need to be taken for the second half have already been taken. We know those numbers. As we guide it, overall reported price will be about 5%, meaning probably coming a little higher than that as you look at Q3 and into Q4. Also importantly is, it gives us a higher entry point rollover into next year. Look, this pricing environment will sustain itself. If inflation abates and some of the cost pressures that we see in the system or on CapEx abate, then maybe pricing doesn't need to stay at five. In this environment, as you know, we look to cover our cost and then some. It's not just P&L. You got to recall that you're seeing escalations, especially related to steel surcharges on fleet containers. You're seeing inflationary pressures on the manufacturing side as well, on the construction side of landfills. Plastics are up, so liner costs are up. It's everywhere in the system. We feel right now that 5% is the appropriate amount of pricing needed to cover it. Got it. I appreciate the discussion. Thanks. Thank you. Our next question is from the line of Michael Hoffman with Stifel. Please proceed with your question. Hi, good morning, Worthing and Mary Anne, thank you for taking the queue. Mary, I want to tease out, if I can, just a little bit on the one and a half that's left in commercial. Could you frame for us your New York City specific business, how it looks, say, compared to 2019? What's left to come back there? That's a big driver of this, I believe. Sure. As I said, if I look at that remaining piece, about half of it I could put in the buckets of the Northeast and Canada. Within that, there's as much as $30 million in New York City still to come back. As you know, Michael, with most of the return to office folks looking at post Labor Day, that's why to Mary Anne's point earlier, we don't assume any sort of recovery of that and let that be upside. My assumption is that could be more of a Q4 event than Q3. Yeah, because our shop is talking about back to office September 7th. Right The quarter's over. We'll see what the Delta variant does to those expectations. It's why we let that be upside. Right. Just to emphasize that price is baked at this point, volume could have an upside depending on what happens with what you just referred to. Right. That's the right way to think about it, yeah. On the M&A piece, to your comment about when more gets closed, is it mostly tuck-ins, or do you have some new market opportunities like you did in, say, Rhode Island and Tucson or Southern Virginia a couple of years ago, and then that creates an incremental compounder going forward as you consolidate them? Yeah. As you know, for us to be doing a typical year, that means we're doing two to four new market entries of between $20 million and $40 million in revenue. We're doing 15 or 16 or so tuck-ins, again, the compounders that you talk about within our network. For us to bat above the average, it means you're right, we are looking at many new markets, which then provide additional platforms to continue the strategy. Okay. That adds even a greater sort of lengthening of the compounding on the M&A is the point of that. Absolutely. Yep. Then, how do you frame your wage inflation versus your coming into the year and where we are, and then how do you think about that trend into 2022? Sure. Just like we saw the last, what I would call labor pinch, in late 2018, early 2019, we saw wage escalations average upwards of 5%-5.2% in certain periods. Back then, while we had expectations going into the year at 3%-3.5% for wage escalations, I'm not surprised that as we got into Q2, we find ourselves running 5%, 5.5% because we made the decision, the recognition of everything that the field has gone through over the past 15 months or so and in light of the current environment, to be proactive and get in front of wage escalations. We put 200 more basis points into the system during Q2. I think our folks deserve it. Knowing that, as we always do, we look at our P&L and make sure we want to recover it. Look, 5% price increase is probably half or less of what you're hearing from consumer product companies and other customer-facing industries that are having big cost inflation that they're trying to recover. The good news is this industry is set up to recover it. When our folks deserve it, we need to go out and recover it. I would think that wage inflation may abate next year if you think you play through the pandemic and the impact of that, and folks kind of coming back into the work environment. I've always questioned Jerome Powell on the use of the word transitory, I'd hate to tie the word transitory to wage inflation, too. We'll see what happens next year, and obviously, we'll be responsive and cover whatever's needed. Okay. Historically on your landfill gas side, you have partnered. Am I hearing sort of implicitly you're not on these three-five, that you're going to do them all yourself, or is there still a partnering? Tied to that, is there a way to try and hedge some of the exposure on the RINs so we take some of the volatility out, but you enjoy the returns economics still? Look, we're open-minded to partnering. Remember, in a lot of these instances, it's not just a plant you're looking at, it's also the marketing agreement with regards to monetizing the gas. There could be a pipeline involved with it as well. So there are various parties that are around the table when you're developing these sorts of projects, and we evaluate all alternatives. Having one or two of those partner with us or us taking it all on. So we don't have any restrictions or access to capital limitations that don't allow us to do it all. We want to be mindful looking long term of how do you tie everyone's accountability to the success of the project together. Yes, you're right. We can hedge and de-risk these sorts of revenue streams as we look ahead. Just like right now, we've got a portion of our RINs hedged. We may look at the same thing with regards to these plants as well. Okay. Then on the incremental $50 million capital spending, what's going to be the focus of that spend? You've seen us really optimistically and fortunately, I think, have a big increase in the number of units fleet that we've been able to acquire this year. We've also been able to buy some parcels of land around certain locations to increase our footprint for the long haul. We've taken CapEx up, where others have talked about, well, if they can't spend it, we'll spend it. Some of this will give us a nice pre-positioning of 2022 and a pull forward of 2022 capital end this year. As we look ahead, it doesn't put pressure year-over-year on CapEx outlays next year because of all what we're doing this year. Got it. Last two for me are, where are the two new MRFs going? What's the 10% swing in recycling commodity book equal today? The two new MRFs are going in the U.S. If that answers your question. We've purchased recently another recycling facility in Montreal last year, and so we've expanded our footprint in Canada, too. The greenfield ones are in the U.S., and Mary Anne Whitney to the 10% question. The 10%, around $125 million, that would suggest about $12 million would be a 10% swing in commodity value. Okay. Thank you so much. You bet. Thank you. Our next question is from the line of Sean Eastman with KeyBanc. Please proceed with your question. Hi, guys. Nice quarter. Thanks for taking my questions. A lot of companies are talking about sort of having to turn down growth opportunities because of labor availability. Where are you guys at there? Can you stay on the offensive on growth, or how would you characterize that? Look, I don't think you necessarily will notice the impact in the numbers. Without a doubt there are markets where we are short drivers. Being short labor is, I think, the statement that most industries are talking about right now. With regards to some incremental roll-off activity that could have gotten done in the period versus that might slip into another period, absolutely, there's a little bit of that going on. All in all, you won't really see it in the numbers because it is such a small amount. Okay, fair enough. You mentioned part of the $115 million in deals that are signed or closed represent West Coast franchise acquisitions. Could you just remind us what the significance of that is? As we look at the near-term pipeline, is a big part of that also West Coast franchises? The remaining pipeline is really coast to coast. Yep. The West Coast, we still have opportunities on the West Coast, but it's not particularly concentrated on the West Coast, which is what I'm trying to say. I think the unique thing about the West Coast to recall is the need for local consents. These franchises require novation actions by local municipalities. That adds incremental time to the process. While we may have already gone through HSR, we're still running the traps on getting those consents, and that can add, in some cases, two to four months to the timeline to get the things across the finish line. That's the one thing that is unique about the West Coast and the need to move more quickly and to start that timeline with regards to local consents. Okay. Thanks a lot, Worthing. I'll turn it over. Thank you. Our next question is from the line of Tyler Brown with Raymond James. Please proceed with your question. Hey, good morning. Good morning. Good morning, Tyler. Mary Anne, thanks so much for breaking down the $175 million, I think, in incremental revenue to the guide. I may have missed it, big picture, how's the $75 million of incremental EBITDA breakdown between price and volume commodities and M&A? Sure. The breakdown would be the incremental solid waste. The way to think about margins is around 40%. Of course, the $25 million in acquisition contribution would be lower than that, around 25%. Those commodities, ex fuel, would work out to be about 50% contribution. Okay. That's very helpful. You called out incentive comp, or I don't recall you calling out incentive comp last quarter. You called it out this quarter. Is it safe to assume that you guys are over-accruing or doing some catch-up accruals this quarter? Is incentive comp a sizable margin headwind in the back half? It feels like maybe it is. I'll answer the first thing. You got to recall, we didn't call it out last quarter because the comparison was really to a lesser pandemic-impacted quarter in the prior year. Right. We called it out, really, frankly, we wouldn't have called it out, but every other company that was reported ahead of us gave you some insight into it, so we wanted to be consistent and give you that insight as well. Obviously, the weight of that in the second half is not as big. Okay. That's helpful. On the 5% pricing, and this is just more for modeling purposes, but how much of that is just fuel? So core pricing, it's primarily core pricing. In our model, there is a small amount. You saw about 20 basis points of fuel surcharges in Q2. Probably the right way to think about it as we move through the back part of the year. That tells you that core is approaching 4.5% on its own. Okay. That's helpful. Then, yeah, sorry. Oh, sorry. I know it's early, as you think about next year, obviously, we have some pretty good CPI prints, is it safe to assume that it may be pricing a better placeholder is still maybe in the four, the low four type range? I guess, does it even really matter? I mean, the key is this is all really a spread game, if you want to call it that. It's really looking to be at a positive spread over unit cost, and it's really going to depend on where unit costs come in. Yeah, I think if you look at pricing next year, you've got two components. Where I talked about entering the year at a higher entry point given the more recent price increases we've put in place. The rollover impact of that, plus you'll have a step-up in our exclusive markets of 50- 100 basis points year-over-year versus what we're getting this year, again, that lagging impact of price in those marketplaces. That would mean 4.5%-5% is in sight for next year. Again, we're pretty well-positioned with, again, the entry point being higher and exclusive contributing more. Okay. That sounds good. On the E&P side, I know revenue was up slightly sequentially, it sounds like you're baselining the current rate forward, do you think as some of the E&P's hedges kind of roll off, that you're going to see activity maybe pick up there? Are you just hearing any chatter in the market on drilling activity? We've had some indications that drillers are coming back or that there'll be a pickup. As you know, we'd always rather wait to see it before we guide to it, but we're encouraged by some of those dynamics we hear out there. Yeah, we think 2022 is a better year than 2021. Yeah. Okay. All right. Thank you. Appreciate it. Sure. Thank you. Our next question is from the line of Noah Kaye with Oppenheimer. Please proceed with your question. Thank you. Maybe I can just pick up on Tyler's question, actually, around E&P. I think just to get into this a little bit, it looks like the live DUC count is at a 2013 level, right? There's been just so many more wells completed than drilled over the past year. I think in some of the basins that you're in, it's particularly stark. It seems almost logical, like drilling activity has to pick back up. If you're hearing 2022, more likely for that recovery makes sense. I guess, do you see anything structurally keeping this from getting back to, like, a $50 million quarter type business? The second question is, how do you think about incremental margins at this point? Sure. I think you helped put more meat on the bone with regards to our expectation and why 2022 is a better year than 2021, because you're right. Obviously, there's more waste generated from the drilling activity than just the completion activity. That would be a key driver to getting us back to $50 million a quarter. It'd be nice to get back to that. Again, we continue to see sequential improvement as we move through that business. As you know, the incrementals in this market, in that business, because it's a landfill-based business, are in the 70%-80% range. As we continue to see the kind of sequential quarterly increase, we'll click back to 50% or better margins at a lower revenue rate than we needed in the prior upturn. This business will easily cross 50% if we are approaching $200 million on an annualized basis. Noah, to that point, we're encouraged by the fact that in Q2 already at $31 million in revenue, E&P was no longer a drag, in the sense that the margins there were in line or slightly above the corporate average. Excellent. Then just, I think one of the things that's happened over the past year is some companies had to kind of slow the role of technology implementation in-cab computers and the like, just given everything else going on. It's obviously strategically important for you to keep doing so and helps you target some of the higher risk markets. Can you just sort of update us on where some of the key technology implementation efforts are? Sure. You're right in saying that we wish it was faster, but like you hear many other industries, chip delays have slowed down our ability to roll out as fast as we like. Look, we'll be back on schedule before the end of the year on that. Again, as we talk about the new generation in-cab technologies, there's a lot of benefits that we get from that. I think we're pleased where we stand on that. We've already rolled out our latest and greatest updated tablet programs. That tablet rollout is also continuing as we move through this year. Clearly, the one delay we saw was most pronounced in the camera side, just based on some chip delays. Yep. All right. Thank you very much and nice job. Appreciate it. Thank you. As a reminder, if you would like to ask a question, please press the one followed by the four on your telephones. Our next question is from the line of Michael Feniger with Bank of America. Please proceed with your question. Hey, guys. Thanks for taking my question. I know the last time you guys were this proactive with price implementations, we're talking about the late 2018 period when I think unemployment rate was at a record low. Recycling was challenged. I think when you look back, your margins were actually flattest there. This is a comparable time period, you're saying, with wage pressure and labor, yet your margins expand this quarter, and you guys are showing confidence in the second half. What are some of the differences when we keep talking about that was the last time we saw this type of labor pressure, yet you're having this type of success on the margin. Is there anything we could kind of glean from that comparing it to that last period? Sure. What particular period are you looking at? We'll give you the exact answer. Yeah. I think it was, if I'm not mistaken, I think it was in 2018, you guys were talking about this type of cost crunch that you guys were kind of feeling in the second half of 2018- [crosstalk] Yeah. You got to look first and foremost at recycling, right? That's when China changed stripes on recycling industry and we gapped down, what, $75 million of EBITDA. That was on not much more revenue because it was all commodity driven, right? So that was a huge impact to margins. Obviously you had the downdraft, going into a downdraft with regards to E&P as well. So those are the two high margin impacts. Clearly, if you're looking at 2018 and the run rate there, obviously China was the biggest disruptor with regards to commodity values. Again, we're not seeing that right now because China's off the table. Obviously the demand in the U.S. for recovered commodities is insatiable. That makes sense. Kind of to follow up on, I think Tyler's question, you guys are guiding the second half margin expansion. You guys are already getting ahead of the price cost dynamic, and you're exiting this year certainly above 5% or even higher on pricing. We have the CPI reset in the second half of 2022. We're thinking, are we not just setting up for a higher than normal margin expansion next year? Maybe just the puts and takes there of why we wouldn't see higher than normal margins for expansion for 2022. Yeah. Because the world doesn't normally move up and to the right with regards to anything people model, right? Yeah. We always know that markets are like a portfolio. There's always something happening somewhere. They could be politics in some cases. It could be a cost issue in another case. Rather than all get ahead of ourselves, we like the up and to the right without any disruption to the upside. Let's assume that you've got some things that hit you all the time with regards to diluting all the good that we talk about. Not out of the question, to your point, but we wouldn't suggest that people own us for pure perfection like that. Fair enough. Just lastly, anything you're seeing at all in July or recently with some of these hotspots that are popping up? Maybe it's too early. I'm just curious if there's anything you're hearing on the ground from these recent hotspots that are impacting volumes or anything around there. Thank you. One thing I'd say, because you're right, there have been some hotspots, and I'll get to that, but if we look at July, right now we're cycling at over $500 million a month in revenue in a month like July. To look at our forecasting for that month relative to the revenue we did, we came in at around one-half of 1% above the revenue we had forecasted. I say that because you look at the command and control and the insight, how our people know their business. Yeah, there's a lot happening on the ground. Through that, what you see here is folks that still know their business and are executing the hell out of their business. We're quite pleased with the way July was forecasted and the way it came in. You're right on the labor side with the Delta variant. I think in our industry, our industry reflects a lot of the data you see in the U.S. You've seen increases. Again, this is more on the labor side than anything else. You've seen increasing positives. That's been regional in nature in some cases, and hotspots in others. That impacts staffing, that has the contact tracing quarantine knock off on that. Our folks work through it. This is an industry of real people, real families that care for each other and care for their communities and want to get the job done. It's a testament to our folks leaning into it and honoring the commitments as best as possible. It's upon us in these times, and like any year, to pay our people well and to recognize them for their efforts. Great. Thank you. You bet. Thank you. There are no further questions at this time, Mr. Jackman. I will now turn the conference back over to you. Well, if there are no further questions, on behalf of our entire management team, we appreciate your listening to and interest in the call today. Mary Anne and Joe Box are available today to answer any questions that we did not cover that we're allowed to answer under Regulation FD, Regulation G, and applicable securities laws of Canada. Thank you again. We look forward to speaking with you at upcoming investor conferences, Zooms, or on our next earnings call. Thank you. That does conclude the conference call for today. We thank you all for your participation, and we ask that you disconnect your lines. Thank you, and have a great day.