Good morning, and thank you for joining our fourth fiscal quarter 2001 earnings call. We issued our press release this morning and posted the accompanying slide presentation to the investor relations section of our website. They can be accessed at ir.westrock.com or via a link on the application you're using to view this webcast. With me on today's call are WestRock's Chief Executive Officer, David Sewell, our Chief Financial Officer, Ward Dickson, and Pat Lindner, President, Commercial, Innovation, and Sustainability. Our incoming CFO, Alex Pease, is also in the room with us today. Following our prepared comments, we will open the call for a question-and-answer session. During today's call, we will be making forward-looking statements involving our plans, expectations, estimates, and beliefs related to future events. These statements may involve a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those we discuss during the call. We describe these risks and uncertainties in our filings with the SEC, including our 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2020. We will also be referencing non-GAAP financial measures during the call. We have provided reconciliations of these non-GAAP measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures in the appendix of the slide presentation. As mentioned previously, the slide presentation is available on our website. With that said, I'll turn it over to you, David. Thank you, James. In a moment, I'll walk you through our performance in the quarter, full year, and our outlook for fiscal 2022 as we currently see it. First, I would like to make some personal observations as we approach the end of the calendar year. It's clear that WestRock is a great company with 50,000 dedicated employees who work tremendously hard every day. Since I joined WestRock, I've had the opportunity to dig into the business and now have a much clearer picture of both the challenges and substantial opportunities for our company. We will outline our vision for the future in greater detail at our Investor Day on February 24, and we'll be taking a number of important steps between now and then to set us up for greater success in the future. Already, there are a number of things that are clear to me. To start, our business has been and remains very strong. WestRock serves customers in a wide range of end markets with the broadest portfolio of packaging solutions in the industry. This provides us with greater opportunity and flexibility to focus on growing markets where our differentiation is valued. Looking forward, we have to be more efficient. We have to accelerate our innovation efforts, and we have to move faster and focus on our core strategy, and we are doing just that. Now, turning to the fourth quarter, we achieved record sales growth in a dynamic environment. I wanna thank our WestRock teammates for their continued hard work and dedication to serving our customers. In the quarter, sales of $5.1 billion were up 14% year-over-year. Adjusted segment EBITDA also improved significantly, rising to $878 million or 22% year-over-year, and adjusted earnings per share of $1.23 increased 68% compared to prior year. In the quarter, we realized higher volumes along with higher pricing, which more than offset the year-over-year inflation. We updated our guidance in September for the fourth quarter and achieved a bit better than we said we'd do. Packaging sales increased by 8% year-over-year, driven by the implementation of price increases across our business. Packaging volumes were down 1.6% year-over-year, with box volumes down 1%. Labor shortages and supply chain issues caused disruption in our production and shipments to our customers. We are making all possible efforts to improve these conditions where we can. Paper volumes increased 13% year-over-year on strong demand across all grades. Overall inflation was higher across the industry than widely anticipated, and therefore, results came in at the low end of our guidance. This inflation was driven by increased costs for recycled fiber, virgin fiber, and natural gas. Our corrugated adjusted segment EBITDA margins of 18.4% increased sequentially and year-over-year. The Brazil business generated 35% EBITDA margins, driven by strong demand and the positive impact of the ramp-up of our Três Barras mill after the completion of the expansion project. Our consumer packaging segment performed very well with adjusted segment EBITDA margins of 15.9%, up 220 basis points from prior year and 40 basis points sequentially. Overall, WestRock adjusted segment EBITDA margins of 17.2% were up 110 basis points versus prior year and 40 basis points sequentially. This adjusted segment EBITDA includes $5 million of proceeds from business interruption insurance. In the quarter, we generated adjusted free cash flow of $372 million. As part of our balanced capital allocation strategy, we repurchased $122 million of stock and redeemed $400 million of bonds that would have matured in March 2022. Cost inflation increased at higher than normal levels throughout the year. Our implementation of the previously published price increases more than offset inflation for fiscal 2021. The latest August containerboard published price increase is currently being implemented. We are also in the process of implementing published price increases Kraft paper and realizing higher pricing in export container board. Consumer price flow throughout and across all grades will continue into fiscal 2022, including the implementation of the most recent published price increases in October. As a result, we expect price realization to more than offset inflation to an even larger extent in fiscal 2022. Fiscal year 2021 was a year of opportunities as well as challenges. Demand was very strong across most of our end markets, and our team stepped up to meet the needs of our customers. Net sales for the year increased to $18.7 billion, and we reported adjusted segment EBITDA of $3 billion. Net- sales and adjusted segment EBITDA were both up an impressive 7% year-over-year. Adjusted earnings per share of $3.39 was up 23%, and we generated record adjusted free cash flow of $1.5 billion. We also hit our net leverage target of 2.25x-2.5 x, ending the year at 2.3 x. Looking forward, we have momentum entering fiscal 2022. We have a strong balance sheet, and our strategic investments are now ramping up and are set to generate significant benefits in 2022. Our innovation pipeline continues to grow, and we have reached an annual run rate of more than $280 million of sales from plastic replacement opportunities. We are well-positioned to help our customers with integrated packaging solutions that help them grow their sales, reduce their risk, and improve their sustainability. Now, turning to slide six, we generated $1.5 billion in adjusted free cash flow in fiscal 2021, the sixth straight year that WestRock has generated more than $1 billion in free cash flow. As we have shared before, our core capital allocation principles are very clear. We plan to reinvest in our business and maintain a sustainable and growing dividend. We will opportunistically repurchase shares and consider strategic investments and acquisitions when there is a clear line of sight to generate attractive returns on invested capital. Our actions align with this strategy. During fiscal 2021, we invested $816 million into our business through capital investments that maintained our assets and supported our growth in the future. Given our consistent cash flow generation over multiple business cycles, we increased our dividend, raising it 20% in May, and then again, as announced in October, for a total increase of 25% since February. We further strengthened our balance sheet as we reduced adjusted net- debt by $1.3 billion to $7.7 billion and returned to our targeted leverage ratio. We repurchased $122 million of stock or 2.4 million shares. As noted earlier, we completed our investments at our Florence and Três Barras mill in fiscal 2021. We will continue to realize increasing benefits of these investments as we move into fiscal 2022. As we enter the new year, we remain disciplined in our capital allocation strategy and are committed to retaining an investment-grade credit profile. Overall demand remains strong. As we have highlighted, supply chain challenges negatively impacted our production and sales volumes. Looking at our markets, our demand for food and beverage products make up almost half of our packaging volumes. Within food and beverage, retail food demand continues to be strong, with COVID-related market gains continuing. Food service trends are improving, especially in quick-service and fast casual, although these channels are experiencing ongoing labor challenges, which are impacting total consumption. Volumes in the retail and e-commerce channel were stable year-over-year. This channel makes up approximately 13% of our packaging volume, and our e-commerce remains a key driver of overall box demand. The holiday buying season should be lengthened due to supply chain disruptions. We anticipate total projected growth rates to be in line with our overall fiscal 2022 expectation. Sales to the beauty and healthcare markets are 12% of our packaging volume. These markets were significantly impacted by the pandemic, and they continue to recover as markets reopen. Our broad mix of end market participation enables us to remain resilient in the face of uncertainty, and our capabilities and manufacturing footprint allows us to quickly pivot to meet our customers' needs. We will continue to grow our packaging business, driven by our unique innovation portfolio and our ability to design solutions for our customers that optimize primary, secondary, and tertiary packaging. Moving to slide eight. One of the biggest challenges many of our consumer brand customers face is a demand for more sustainable packaging. WestRock is helping these customers meet this demand through our innovative material science and design capabilities. This slide includes a few of our most recent customer partnerships, which range from designing plastic-free packaging to machinery that produces shelf-ready, recyclable packaging that helps reduce labor costs and meet sustainability goals. Tim Hortons recently announced our partnership to test a recyclable and compostable hot beverage cup. We look forward to this work with a valued customer to move the recyclability of cups forward. These are just a few examples that have generated our current $280 million run- rate of incremental sales from plastics replacement. We continue to believe this opportunity is in excess of $500 million incremental sales annually. I'd like to highlight a few of our award-winning packaging designs on slide nine. The Paperboard Packaging Council recently held their Annual Awards, and we won the year for our partnership with Coca-Cola Europacific Partners on their use of WestRock's CanCollar in the product packaging, paperboard-based multi-pack solution for cans, and it performs incredibly well throughout the supply chain. We also won 12 additional awards for sustainability, innovation, and design. These awards are great recognition of the outstanding work of the WestRock team. Turning to slide 10 and our financial guidance for the first quarter 2022, we continue to successfully implement all previously published price increases. We expect sequential cost inflation driven by higher natural gas, diesel, and recycled and virgin fiber costs. This commodity cost inflation, combined with our seasonal increase in healthcare costs, is forecasted to be approximately $100 million higher than the fourth quarter. However, the good news is that we expect the flow-through of the price increases that we are implementing to more than offset this inflation. Due to delays in mill maintenance earlier in fiscal 2021, along with our originally planned outages, we have approximately 200,000 tons of scheduled downtime across our system that will negatively impact earnings by approximately $75 million. We have 10 major mill maintenance outages in the first fiscal quarter, one of the largest amounts in one quarter in WestRock's history. These assumptions, combined with three fewer shipping days and the normal seasonality in our consumer business, result in forecasted adjusted segment EBITDA of $660 million-$700 million and adjusted EPS of $0.56-$0.67 per share. In fiscal 2022, we expect solid demand across most of our end markets and continued flow-through of the previously published price increases. We expect a record fiscal year in sales and adjusted segment EBITDA. We anticipate some offset as a result of continued commodity input cost inflation. We fully anticipate the implementation of previously published price increases to outpace inflation. We also expect productivity to be unavoidably affected by ongoing supply chain challenges and higher labor costs that may persist through the fiscal year. Our planned mill maintenance outage schedule declines throughout the fiscal year but will still be approximately 100,000 tons higher than in fiscal 2021. Given these assumptions, we forecast adjusted segment EBITDA to be in the range of $3.3 billion-$3.7 billion. This range is driven by varying levels of commodity inflation. Since the formation of WestRock, we have been able to grow sales, earnings, and adjusted free cash flows across various business cycles at attractive compounded annual rates. We have a resilient business model, which was reinforced with record adjusted free cash flows in fiscal 2021 in the face of many challenges. Our outlook for fiscal 2022 continues the remarkable trend of growth in sales and adjusted segment EBITDA, as well as strong cash flow. With the industry's broadest portfolio of paper and packaging solutions, we can bring unique value to our customers and our shareholders. As we turn to fiscal 2022, I've decided to update our reporting forward with our strategy. This new structure will better align our reporting to better serve diverse end markets with attractive margins. This segment is well-positioned for future growth, fueled by WestRock's unrivaled capabilities. WestRock has an unmatched portfolio of sustainable packaging solutions and the ability to drive innovation that helps our customers' critical challenges. As market trends evolve in this dynamic environment, WestRock is uniquely positioned to adapt to these trends and our customers' changing needs. The paper segment will be comprised of our external paper sales. We have strong customers in our attractive domestic containerboard and paperboard businesses, and we will continue to partner with these customers. As we do this, we will seek to reduce our exposure to the export containerboard and specialty SBS markets. We are focused on driving cost reductions across our newly integrated supply chain and investing to improve the competitiveness. This differentiated service solution is an important channel for WestRock's products. The business provides local warehousing and distribution services that enhance efficiency and provide flexibility in serving our customers. We believe segments when we report in this format in the first quarter. As we look to the future, we are investing in innovation with expansion of our research and development teams to bring an enhanced focus on innovation, such as improvements in material science, converting, and machinery and automation. Growth in digital technology, and how smart packaging can drive sales and brand engagement is also an area of ongoing development at WestRock. We are also building a sales excellence platform that leverages our broad and differentiated portfolio that will bring all of these solutions to customers in a way that fully leverages the power of the WestRock enterprise. The opportunities for WestRock are unrivaled in the industry, and I look forward to all that is ahead. As I wrap up today, I would like to take this opportunity to thank Ward Dickson for his contributions to the success of WestRock. As CFO, Ward has been instrumental in the growth and development of our company, overseeing more than 20 mergers and acquisitions, including the merger of MeadWestvaco and RockTenn, the spin-off of Ingevity, the sale of our home, health, and beauty plastics business, and the disposition of our land and development business. I have benefited from his assistance as I joined the company greatly and know we will all miss him here at WestRock. Ward, I wish you the very best in your retirement. At the same time, I also wanna welcome Alex Pease, WestRock's incoming CFO, who is sitting in with us today. Alex, I look forward to working with you as well. We have great opportunities to grow our company and improve margins while providing value to our customers, teammates, and shareholders. We are working to leverage the power of the enterprise and making the investments needed to lead in sustainability and accelerate our innovation platform. As we do this, we remain disciplined in our capital allocation strategy, and we'll look to use our strong cash flow to create shareholder value. As we implement our strategy, we have multiple levers to create value and grow sales and earnings. We are excited about the opportunities ahead and look forward to further discussing our strategy and long-term goals at our Investor Day in New York on February 24. Fiscal 2021 was a great year for WestRock. I wanna thank our 50,000 team members for dedication and effort, and I look forward to the great things ahead for our company. That concludes my prepared remarks. James, we are now ready for Q&A. Thank you, David. Operator, may we take our first question, please? At this time, I'd like to remind everyone, in order to ask a question, press star followed by the number one on your telephone keypad. Your first question comes from the line of George Staphos with Bank of America. Your line is open. Hey, good morning. This is actually John Babcock sitting in for George Staphos. I guess just starting out, you know, it'd be great if you could provide, you know, some of the key assumptions that are driving the lower and upper end of your guidance range, and then I'll kind of go from there. Hey, John, this is Ward. I'll start with the quarter, Q4 to Q1, and then I'll try to walk you through some of the key assumptions for the range that we provided for the full fiscal year in FY 2022. The primary key drivers for Q1 is we have the benefit and the pricing flow-through from the PPW increases. Price does in fact outpace inflation. We have seasonally lower volumes in our corrugated or our consumer packaging business. We have three fewer shipping days in our corrugated packaging business. This is the largest maintenance outage quarter since the merger. We have 200,000 tons of maintenance outages in the quarter. I think we're doing it across 10 mills in both our corrugated and consumer mill system. That accounts for $75 million worth of incremental costs from Q4 to Q1. Then we highlighted in the script that we have approximately $100 million worth of increased costs from Q4 to Q1, and that's driven by higher natural gas, higher virgin fiber because of the wet weather. The full quarter increases in OCC that we had. Then we always have in our fourth calendar quarter or our fiscal first quarter, seasonally higher healthcare costs because everybody's passed their deductibles, and they're trying to get discretionary healthcare in at the end of the year. Then finally, the supply chain challenges that we've had continue to hamper productivity. If you look at the impact of the outages and some of the startup costs that aren't capitalized and amortized over our outage periods, but are actually incurred in the quarter, plus the challenges that we've had in moving material both around our system from our mills to our converting operations and to our customers, that our productivity will be lower in Q1 relative to Q4. Those are the primary drivers. Again, the quarter represents The midpoint of the guidance for the quarter represents about 19% of the total year midpoint of EBITDA. Last year, we generated about 21% or 22% of our full year in the first quarter. We always have a seasonally slower start in the first half of the year relative to the second half of the year in our earnings generation. If that's okay, I will flip to the full year and walk you through the key elements of our guidance for the full year. The midpoint of the guidance for the full year reflects record sales and EBITDA and strong cash flow generation. What we are assuming is the full year impact and flow-through of the previously published price increases, and that price increases will outpace inflation. In fact, the biggest significant driver of the earnings growth from year to year is the price and inflation relationship. We will have the full year impact of all these published price increases across all of our grades. We have solid demand across both paper and packaging, and we'll have growth in our core markets. We have the ramp-up of the capital investment that we made in Brazil and its impact on volumes, both in our ability to sell external paper and to feed the ramp-up of our Porto Feliz box plant. Inflation really reflects the full year impact of the rapid increases that we had in fiber and energy cost during the second half of fiscal 2021. I'm gonna give you some very specific assumptions that we've got in the midpoint of our guidance related to OCC and some other costs. I think everyone needs to remember, OCC exited at fiscal 2021 at $80/ ton higher than the average for the full year. In our midpoint for OCC, we assume $166/ ton for the full year. That's a $60/ ton increase from FY 2021. In our quarterly profile, Q1, we assume $175 a ton, which is up $8 a ton from Q4. In Q2 and Q3, we see some reduction of $165 a ton. In Q4, we see $160 a ton. The recycled fiber inflation on a year-over-year basis is more than $325 million. It approaches $350 million for the full year. Natural gas is a similar story with September's cost as we exited FY 2021. They're 40% higher than the average was for the full year. The current strips reflect a 50% increase versus FY 2021. This is a material cost inflation element on a year-over-year basis. Virgin fiber, chemicals, and transportation costs all ramped up during the second half of the year. We do not see any real changes to the supply chain environment until we get into our fourth quarter or towards the end of the calendar year in FY 2022. Again, I think the key driver is we're gonna get sales growth from price and volume. Price outpaces inflation. Supply chain disruptions continue and will impact productivity. Our investments in Brazil ramp up, and we start to get the benefits of that. We also get the full-year benefits from our investment in Florence. Finally, I'll just really quickly talk about cash flow for the full year as well. Operating cash flow is flat on higher EBITDA, but that's really driven by the benefits of the pandemic action plan and their contribution to operating cash flow in FY 2021. I'll remind everybody that we made our payments for our 401(k) match and our short-term incentive were made in stock during FY 2021, where they've returned back to cash. The CARES Act payroll deferrals, for which we got a deferral in FY 2021, that now flips, and we actually have to make those payments, our first payment in FY 2022. We are assuming that we're gonna invest $1 billion in capital investments in our system. That's what drives the cash flow generation year-over-year. Gotcha. That's very helpful. You know, you know, just kind of following up from some of the points on growth, just overall, are you expecting volume growth in both corrugated and consumer packaging to be positive in 2022? Also, if you could provide some update on how demand trends are so far in the fiscal first quarter, that'd be great. I'll do the full year. The midpoint of our guidance assumes that we have growth across both our corrugated and consumer packaging and paper volumes increase as well, and that we get the benefits from the ramp-up in our Brazilian business. I'll turn it over to Pat if he wants to talk about any end market trends or Sure. Short-term demand trends. Sure. Thanks, Ward, for that. Overall, our market conditions going into the fiscal year are generally stable and healthy across most segments. Economic fundamentals are pretty solid. 2022 GDP is expected to be about 4%. Durable and non-durable goods are also showing positive trends. Consumer spending is strong, so we feel pretty good about that for the full year. As Ward had mentioned, in the first quarter, we do have the fewer shipping days impacting, especially corrugated and also the seasonal slowdown in consumer packaging, which happens every single year. But as we look at highlights for the full year, continued growth in e-commerce with the return of brick and mortar is certainly a tailwind for us. The online and e-commerce market is really becoming a little bit blurred between the online and brick-and-mortar because you've got the buy online and pick up in store, pick up at curbside. That's kind of blurring which one is really e-commerce versus brick-and-mortar, but we do see growth there. We see some important COVID reopening dependent trends. Duty-free retail in the travel market with international travel will return high-end spirits, beauty and cosmetics. COVID test kits, depending on how things sort out around the world with COVID, will also have an impact. Food service, we do see strength in that, especially with QSR and certainly sporting events and concerts coming back open have returned cup stock to the pre-pandemic levels. Commercial print, which was down last year, has also returned to pre-pandemic levels. We feel really good about that. David mentioned in his introductory comments that the center of the store and packaged food and beverage is still holding the pre-pandemic gains, so up significantly over a two-year trend. When we look at the start of the first quarter here, and especially in corrugated box, I'll make just some brief comments. Traditionally, we see the holiday season picking up, and we're starting to see some of that, but the comps year-over-year are pretty difficult because of the peak last year. The labor challenges that we talked about in August and September certainly impacted us. We think the worst is behind us there, and we saw sequential improvement, as September was better than August, and October is better than September. Operating rates across the industry are high, backlogs are strong. While there remains some uncertainty in the supply chain issues we've talked about, we're generally positive on seeing sequential improvement in our corrugated box business in the quarter. Okay, thank you. I'll get back with you. Your next question comes from the line of Mark Wilde with Bank of Montreal. Your line is open. Thank you. David, I wondered if you could start off by just talking a little bit about kind of prospective investments across the mill system. You highlighted wanting to drive down costs. I'm particularly interested in what you might do with both the containerboard mills and then the paperboard mills because that market is undergoing a lot of transition. Yeah. Thanks, Mark. I would say as we look at our mill system, as you know, earlier this year, we consolidated both our corrugated and consumer mills under one leader, and we're already starting to see some nice efficiencies from doing that. What we're doing right now is we're really assessing all of our assets to make sure we have the best assets in the market. Assets that are underperforming, we're going to address it. We're also going to innovate and invest where we can make them better. I think as we announced our new structure change, as we focus on, you know, the high-value packaging segments, the paper markets, that we wanna focus on on the domestic side, we're gonna make sure we have world-class assets that align to that, into the markets we wanna grow. You know, as we've mentioned before, we're also looking at how do we provide more flexibility into our mill system to adapt to, you know, the broad portfolio that we have so we can take advantage of market trends, and as you point to different grades, where there's growth and then where we can de-emphasize grades where we don't wanna grow. That's how we're thinking about it, and we have multiple productivity programs underway right now. We really believe that this focus on driving cost out, world-class assets, higher productivity, driving grades, that match the strategy of where we want to grow is going to help give us an advantage as we move forward. Okay. Just as a follow-on, could you just address any prospective changes that you're considering for incentive programs, both at the operating level and at the executive level at WestRock? You know, I apologize, Mark. You cut out a little bit. What's your question? I just wanna reconfirm your question is, what incentive programs we're driving at our mill level as well as our leadership level? Yes. I'm interested in any changes that we might see under your leadership. As we go into the new year, we are really focused on a couple things, and we're going to drive that in our compensation programs. We are gonna focus on margin expansion, on EBITDA, and EBITDA growth, top line growth, and we also wanna maintain our cash flow, the strong cash flow that we generate. From a leadership level, that's how we're going to be measured. We're also gonna hold ourselves accountable to important goals around safety and diversity and inclusion. At the mill level, we're really gonna drive productivity, and we're gonna hold our cost basis at each mill to our mill leaders, and we want our sales teams to be recognized for higher margin growth, organically. We are making changes to our comp plans, and they're gonna align to our strategy. Okay, very good. I'll turn it over. Thanks. Again, if you would like to ask a question, press star one on your telephone keypad. Your next question comes from Phil Ng with Jefferies. Your line is open. Hey guys. Ward, thanks for all the great help through the years, and congratulations. Thanks, Phil. Appreciate it. Yeah. I guess first off, a question for you, David. Inflation supply chain headwinds have been more pronounced than almost anyone would have expected coming into the year, and it's not unique to WestRock, too. All your peers are seeing it. Do you think you've been able to get a fair amount of pricing this year, but do you think you've gotten enough value for your products and services, and how much more pricing elasticity do you see in your business? If you look at what this team's been able to do on published price increases, we are outpacing inflation, so we feel very good about that. What we're focused on, Phil, is value pricing with our customers. You know, to your point, the world has really changed from a supply chain standpoint, and the way our customers look at supply chain and solutions that we can provide are changing. What they want is you know, supply assurance, and we have a broad portfolio on primary, secondary, tertiary packaging solutions. The other thing with labor challenges, the demand we're seeing from our automation and machinery business is extremely high. We're able to reduce labor for our customers. We're able to be more efficient. The other thing that we're really driving is the elimination of waste. We have a great portfolio of sustainable products, and we highlighted them a little bit on the beginning of the call. The other thing that we're trying to do is with our design teams is how do we design and eliminate waste? We have Box On Demand. We have great solutions. You know, our customers wanna partner with us more than ever for supply chain assurance, innovation, so they can connect with their customers, which is why we're investing, and sustainability, as well as the elimination of waste. I think our portfolio is truly unique and positions us extremely well, to be a leader in the industry. That's super helpful. I guess when you think about your 2022 guide, I appreciate you gave some color that you're expecting growth in Consumer and Corrugated. Any more color around that, just because the Consumer segment, just from a growth standpoint, has been a little choppier, but you've obviously made some big strides in Corrugated. Any more color around that, just because the Consumer segment, just from a growth standpoint, has been a little choppier, but you've obviously made some big strides in terms of pivoting to some of these growth areas. It would be helpful to kind of give us a little more color on how you think about that growth opportunity. Any way to kind of bucket some of the gains you're seeing? Pat, on providing a little more specificity. You know, the thing about the consumer business as you really dig into it is you have to look more than volumes. It's also the solutions we're providing and the market share we're gaining. There's a lot more customization that's going on. There's a lot more smaller runs that are going on. There's a lot more high value, high graphics that work. So we really believe we're gaining market share in this segment. It continues to grow. We've consolidated our consumer and MPS business, and we're already starting to see efficiencies there. Pat, maybe you can just talk a little bit about some of the wins we're seeing, especially on the plastics replacement side of the segment. Sure. Great. Thanks, David. Yeah, the consumer business has seen some nice margin enhancement over the last several quarters. As David mentioned, we're almost 16% EBITDA margins, and it's up about 220 basis points year-over-year and 40 basis points sequentially. Good momentum there. A big part of that, an important part of that, in addition to productivity and some of the changes that we've made in the footprint and the products we're producing at Evadale, but a big part of that is certainly what we're seeing on organic growth. Sustainability is an important driver there. Connected packaging and digital solutions are also important, and automation is critical there. We've generated, up to this point, a run- rate of about $280 million worth of plastics replacement alone. As David said earlier, that's gonna be over $500 million annually that we'll get to in the next few years. We've shared a number of those examples in the past, and we're coming out with new offerings. We've got the Tim Hortons cup trial, and that's not just a paperboard solution. That's actually producing cups for us for the first time. We have 11 patents on that application. Great opportunity for us to have a sustainable solution there. Sustainable in terms of long-term economic value as well as the environmental benefits we've talked about. We also have launched a new— At PACK EXPO, we just launched a new fiber-based package for frozen food. This is one that I really wanna highlight because it's perhaps one of our best examples coming forward of optimizing primary, secondary, and tertiary packaging, which is something that only WestRock can do. Nobody else has a fiber-based packaging solution that can do this. Specifically, what we're doing is we're making a fiber-based bowl that's sustainable, recyclable, and at some point compostable. We're wrapping that bowl in a secondary package, and then we have a shelf-ready tertiary package, corrugated medium to go around all of that. This is all automated from the beginning until the end. When you look at what we can do around design, material science, digitally connected solutions, as well as automation, machinery, and robotics, this is a tremendous advantage for company overall, and it's gonna continue to deliver growth for the consumer segment. Yeah. Pat, I think you answered that perfectly well. One other thing I would add is with travel opening up, we're starting to see expansion in duty-free. And we're also starting to see a nice uptick in Healthcare segment as well. Our Consumer segments, we believe, are definitely going in the right direction. On that note, David, will those dynamics have like a favorable mix impact in your consumer business? Then, you know, appreciating you're not looking at just sales volumes, you're selling a solution approach. You know, one of your bigger competitors on the consumer side have generally said, "You know, our business has been historically flattish, but with some of these gains on the sustainability side, you know, we see a line of sight, call it, you know, low single-digit growth." Are you guys kind of thinking about it in a similar fashion as well? Yeah, I think that's well said. I believe the way we're really gonna win in this segment is the high-value applications, customers that wanna partner with us. It's just the onslaught, you know, and I'm saying that broadly, but the pickup in the number of customers that want innovation and plastics replacement in their portfolio, and to partner with us to help design that and automate it where we can, that's where we wanna focus. You know, the very transactional pieces of this is a lower focus for us, and it's the partnerships on those high-value applications. Thanks a lot. Really appreciate the color. Thanks. Your next question comes from the line of Adam Josephson with KeyBanc. Your line is open. Thanks. Good morning, everyone. Ward, congratulations on your retirement. All the best to you, and a pleasure working with you. Thank you. The same is true with you, Adam. Thank you very much. Thanks, Ward. Pat, I know you were asked about this earlier, but can you talk about your shipments in October just more quantitatively, you know, a year-over-year percentage change? For that matter, what you're expecting in the December quarter, just in the context of your expectation that fiscal 2022 shipments you expect will be up. Thanks for the question. Just to go back to the corrugated box shipments in the quarter, we had labor challenges in August and September, and supply chain challenges we've talked about before. We think that was a bottom, so the worst is over. We are seeing an improvement from August to September to October. We're in a seasonally stronger period, obviously in the quarter, and I can't give exactly forward-looking guidance in that. We will expect to continue to see sequential improvement in the box demand going from our fiscal fourth quarter into the first quarter. Again, you know, operating rates remain high. Backlogs are strong. There's always gonna be, especially right now, some uncertainty in month to month on how things sort out because of the supply chain and labor challenges. Overall, we are pretty confident we'll see, you know, sequential improvement. Adam, one other thing I would just add would be the tough comps that we have year-over-year, Yeah from last year. We feel very good about the demand that we have. If you even look at fourth quarter, while our box volumes were down, if you look at the labor challenges, supply chain challenges, if we could have produced what we wanted to, our box volumes would have been up a couple%. We see that momentum carrying in. We're just balancing and working through a very tough environment. Sure. I think Adam, just Yeah. Go ahead. Adam, I'd reiterate that the full-year guidance assumes growth on a year-over-year basis, 2022 versus 2021. I'll remind you that in 2021, we had 5% full-year growth. We have the tough comps on the Q1 ramp, but we feel confident about the outlook for the full year. Yep. Thanks, Ward. A couple other questions just on containerboard inventories. Obviously, for the industry as a whole, they grew quite a bit in the September quarter. I'm just wondering how you would characterize your inventories. Are they where you'd like them to be? Are they lower? Are they higher? And what are your expectations along those lines in the December quarter and thereafter? In other words, are you trying to build? Are you trying to reduce? Are you having to carry more? Yeah because of the supply chain mess that everyone's dealing with, et cetera? The way I would describe it is we knew we had a heavy outage in this first quarter with maintenance, and we had to delay some of that maintenance because of the ransomware attack and with COVID, getting, you know, contractors into our mills, et cetera. That kind of created the perfect storm for our first quarter mill with our planned outages. If you look at the inventory builds that we wanted to do, we did build inventory coming into this quarter. I would say it wasn't as much as we would have liked because of the demand that we're seeing. We're probably a little behind in the inventory levels we'd like to be at. But we were able to build a little bit going into this first quarter. That's terrific. Ward, just one last one for you. In terms of the fiscal 1Q guidance onward, can you just help frame for me the expected sequential improvement based on the lower maintenance, based on any incremental pricing from fiscal 1Q onward, just to kind of help me with the bridge from 1Q to the balance of the year, just given the implied improvement, obviously, from 1Q onward. You mentioned, I think, 1Q you're expecting to be, call it 19% of full year EBITDA, which is below, obviously, what it was this past year, and I think it's below previous years as well, along those lines. Yeah. If you look at FY 2021, I'm gonna give you the a first half, second half of FY 2021, and then I'll try to do the same thing for you for 2022. Excellent. For FY 2021, I think if you look at the $3 billion of EBITDA we generated, I think about 43% or 44% in the first half, and then the rest of it in the second half. What I would say is, although our Q1 will be lower relative to the Q1 last year versus the total year, I think over the course of the first half, I think we're gonna be at about the 43% if you look at the midpoint for the full year. Yeah. The seasonal pattern, first half, second half, the ramp up, the full ramp up of Porto Feliz and Três Barras. You'll start to see some of the some sequential declines in some of the recycled fiber cost. I think that's what gives us comfort. You've got also the flow-through of the price increases that, as you know, on the consumer side of the business, they take a little bit longer than the flow-through in corrugated. We'll have the full benefit of the implementation of the price increases as well. Thanks so much, Ward. All the best. Thank you. Again, if you'd like to ask a question, press star followed by the number one on your telephone keypad. Your next question comes from the line of Gabe Hajde with Wells Fargo Securities. Your line is open. Good morning, gentlemen. Thanks for taking the question. David, I guess us analysts, if you're given an inch, you take a mile. One of the things that I was thinking about that jumped out to me was your discussion about becoming more efficient. I'm curious if you could pinpoint for us areas, whether it's on the SG&A front, I don't know, commercial organization or operations, mills, where you think, I guess maybe you're not doing a good job at this point. Yeah. Then maybe a way to try to quantify. I mean, I think about kind of the historical context of how WestRock would present to us. I think you have, I don't know, $150 million-$170 million of annual non-material related inflation annually. I think you guys had always kinda tried to offset that through productivity, and I'm assuming that might be the case going forward, but just any help there. Thanks, Gabe. Appreciate it. Good morning to you. There's a couple areas that we're really focused on, and you've probably heard me say in the past, the opportunities to better integrate the acquisitions that we've made over the past several years. I'm gonna highlight just a couple areas that I believe are gonna have material impact on our productivity. The first is supply chain. We recently hired a new Chief Supply Chain Officer, Peter Anderson, who came over from Cummins, that we're really excited about. If you go back to the way we were structured before in our businesses, we had unique supply chain aspects across several of them. The productivity opportunity to consolidate our supply chain, consolidate our warehousing, get our S&OP right with the consolidation of our mills. Our freight spend, as you know, is very high, so be able to look at that. We see tremendous opportunity to become more efficient in our supply chain. That's one area that we think is gonna drive material savings. The second piece is bringing together our mills together in one organization and highlighting new productivity initiatives across the mill. To your point on previous productivity or previous productivity programs, with standard inflation, we're now pushing to see how do we, you know, significantly improve our productivity on top of inflation. We have multiple projects, both at our mill system as well as our conversion sites. We've identified several areas where we can reduce our waste, get a little bit better with our digital manufacturing footprint as far as predictive analytics, improve our unscheduled downtime. We see great opportunities there. The last piece I'll talk about is commercial. We recently, in the first phase, consolidated our MPS and consumer business, and we've just recognized tremendous efficiencies there. You know, we had multiple customer service teams, if you look at the backroom integration opportunities, as well as customer-facing opportunities where we can go as one face with complete solutions to our customers. Now we'll expand that, where customers want to buy across our portfolio with this new world that I've talked about in supply chain, primary, secondary, tertiary packaging. Now we'll be more efficient in how we do that and how we service them. It really transcends across really, I think, our whole organization, and we are really going to drive further productivity and cost out, but we're not gonna cost our way out of this. We're also gonna invest in innovation. We're gonna invest in digital, both on the customer smart packaging side that Pat talked about, as well as the manufacturing side. We think there's tremendous opportunity to modernize the company. We get really excited about the opportunities. A lot of those projects are underway, and we'll look forward to sharing more detail about them with you at our Investor Day. Thank you. Your next question comes from the line of Cleve Rueckert with UBS. Your line is open. Great. Thanks, everybody. Thanks for taking the questions. Just thinking a little bit strategically or maybe even tactically next year, your guidance is calling for falling OCC prices sort of throughout the year. David, you called out a few times on this call already the breadth of WestRock's portfolio. I'm just curious if your strategy changes at all with certain raw material prices falling and if there are any differentiated opportunities that environment opens up for WestRock. Thanks for that question. You know, the way we look at, and I'll just use OCC as your example, we're at about 65%-35% from a virgin recycle mix. But as we've said in the past, we have the ability to flex on what that percentage is. You know, what we try to do, though, is look at it from a customer perspective versus an internal perspective. You know, providing those solutions to your point on the breadth of our portfolio, they may want more lightweight grades, they may want more recycled grades, they may want more plastics replacements. The word that I like to use with our capability is flexibility. With the resiliency of this company and if you look at that chart from back to 2016 to 2021, you can see through all different kinds of inflationary environments, capacity environments, we've grown top line very well. We've grown our EBITDA very well. I just think this flexibility and this new world of supply chain and sustainability and innovation opportunities with our customers, I think our footprint just has us very well positioned to respond and adapt and innovate, where we can drive, you know, great margin expansion and top line growth. Okay, that's clear. You know, I just wanted to follow up quickly on the opportunity for plastic replacement. You know, I think originally you called out the $280 million annual run- rate is what you had achieved, but then subsequently, you know, I think we were discussing a $500 million annual run- rate opportunity. I'm sorry if I missed it, but what's the timing on the $500 million sort of target or opportunity there? Yes. This is Pat. Thanks for that. We're looking at that over the next couple of years. We think we can get to that $500 million run- rate. We have a very strong portfolio of products and projects that are coming out from small ones to larger opportunities. That's a pretty good run- rate. We started tracking that 280 against this 500 in July 2018. It started out, you know, and it's certainly increasing. We kind of see that we're at the early stage of the growth that we'll probably see over the next several years, but in the next couple of years, we expect to get to the 500. Okay. Thanks for the questions, guys. Appreciate it. Your next question comes from the line of Paul Quinn with RBC Capital Markets. Your line is open. Yeah, thanks very much. Morning, guys. You outlined $1 billion in CapEx. Maybe you could just give us some details of some of the big buckets you're spending. Hey, Paul, this is Ward. Historically, when you strip away the strategic capital investments and you look at the ongoing run rate, it's about half of its maintenance, replacement, environmental, and regulatory, and then half of it's the ongoing return-generating projects that we have both in our mill and converting systems. If you look kind of broadly, I'd say 60% of it's in the mill system, about 35% of it's in the converting system, and then we're gonna be making some investments in IT systems to modernize our platform. Okay, thanks for that. One area that was surprisingly good for, you know, I thought it would be a pickup was Brazil corrugated. That was a jump higher than we expected. Just wondering how sustainable that achievement is and what do you expect going forward through year 2022? It's a meaningful growth driver, and it's because of the investments that we made in both our mill and greenfield box plant that we made at Porto Feliz. As we go through FY 2022, I think Alex is gonna be reporting to you that this is the most highest margin portion of our business. It's a meaningful contributor and will continue to get better as we go into FY 2022. It's one of the growth drivers. You know, when we talked about the fact that we'll get $125 million worth of incremental EBITDA next year from our strategic capital projects, that's, this is the biggest driver. Just lastly, in an environment of supply chain constraints, what are the main benefits of owning distribution? Well, I think it's proving to be very beneficial to our customers because they're looking for redundancy in supply chain. What we're able to do is, you know, we have 65+ distribution warehouses. We have our own fleet of trucks. We're able to support our customers with that assurance of supply with quick delivery. I talked a little bit about a lot more customization, as well as, you heard Pat talk about a lot more brick-and-mortar e-commerce that needs local support. It's really proving to be a nice business for us with a nice value proposition that's growing. We're really, you know, encouraged by the opportunity with our customers that are looking for the ability to supply the way we always were, but also have that ability with local distribution with our own platform. All right. Best of luck, guys. Thanks. Thank you. Thank you. Your next question comes from the line of Mike Roxland with Truist Securities. Your line is open. Thanks very much. Thanks for taking my questions. Ward, congrats on the retirement. Thank you. Alex, congrats on your new role. Thank you. Most of my questions have already been asked, but just two quick ones. You mentioned, David, that e-commerce remains an overall driver of box demand. You mind telling us how much e-commerce demand increased in the quarter and for the full year, and what you're seeing with respect to e-commerce, you know? I'm just gonna give a broad e-commerce comment, but I'm gonna have Pat just walk you through some of the details on exactly how we're looking at that. As we look at e-commerce, I think there's a new normal. We're continuing to see growth abroad above pre-COVID levels. I think consumer buying habits have changed. It's not an either/or. I think it's an and it's both. I think where we're seeing a nice growth is in the omnichannel piece, where there's those brick-and-mortars that are trying to get into more of an e-commerce channel. What I love about our business is our ability to differentiate. While you'll see e-commerce sometimes, you know, those boxes that have a lot of additional air space in the packaging, you know, we're really working with them on design, with our automation equipment to be more efficient, eliminate waste. Pat, why don't I turn it over to you to talk about specific growth trends we're seeing in the segment. Yeah. Thanks for that, David. Just a specific answer to your question around fiscal year 2021 volume and e-commerce. In e-commerce, we were up about 15% versus fiscal year 2020. We saw good growth in that, in that area. Certainly with the supply chain disruptions that we've talked about before, we saw some flattening of that in the fourth quarter, but we expect ongoing growth into next year. We think e-commerce, you know, saw a huge spike, obviously, in fiscal year 2020 with the stay-at-home economy. We do expect it to continue to grow in that mid-teens range out to the future off of a much higher base than it was two years ago. As David mentioned, it's a very dynamic marketplace with all the different omnichannel aspects. You know, kind of just to wrap up, we have corrugated solutions, a whole host of folding carton solutions, paperboard solutions, Kraft paper. We've got digital and physical displays, whether it's in the store or through the e-commerce channel. Distribution, machinery and automation, Box On Demand and other solutions that we've introduced there. Really, however this market evolves in terms of the mix across the omnichannel, I really believe, and we really believe that we have the opportunity to provide unique solutions in this industry. It will continue to be very important to us in the future, and we're well-positioned to capture it. Great. Thank you, Pat. Just one quick follow-up. Back in September, David, you mentioned this. You updated the guidance, and you stated that you expected to be near the low end of your fiscal fourth Q range. You wound up being in the middle. I'm wondering what happened, what specifically occurred during the last few weeks of September that caused the company to outperform relatively what you said in mid-September? Well, I'll take it, this is Ward. Okay. The low end of our guidance was a $670 million EBITDA range. We did get $5 million worth of business interruption recoveries for the ransomware claim that we didn't anticipate. The stronger EPS was a lower tax rate, and we had some estate tax planning efforts that came through in the quarter that we closed out at the end of the quarter. Those are the two drivers. Got it. Thank you very much, Ward. There are no further questions at this time. I would like to turn the call back over to Mr. James Armstrong. I appreciate everyone joining the call today. If you have any questions, please reach out, and thank you, and have a great day. Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for participating. This concludes today's conference call. You may now disconnect.