Good morning. Welcome to the WTW second quarter 2024 earnings conference call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. After the speaker's presentation, there will be a question-and-answer session. Please be advised that today's conference is being recorded. Please refer to the wtwco.com for the press release and supplemental information that were issued earlier today. Today's call will be available for the next three months on the WTW's website. Some of the comments in today's call may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from those discussed today, and the company undertakes no obligation to update these statements unless required by law. For a more detailed discussion of these and other risk factors, investors should review the forward-looking statement section of the earnings press release issued this morning, as well as other disclosures in the company's most recent Form 10-K and in other filings the company has made with SEC. During the call, certain non-GAAP financial measures will be discussed. For reconciliations of the non-GAAP measures, as well as other information regarding these measures, please refer to the earnings press release issued this morning and other materials in the investor relations section of the company's website. I will now turn the call over to Carl Hess, WTW's Chief Executive Officer. Please go ahead. Good morning, everyone. Thank you for joining us for WTW's second quarter 2024 earnings call. Joining me today is Andrew Krasner, our Chief Financial Officer. We delivered a strong second quarter, headlined by 240 basis points of year-over-year adjusted operating margin expansion, adjusted diluted earnings per share of $2.55, a 24% increase over prior year, and $361 million of free cash flow. These healthy bottom-line results were the product of our continued robust organic growth, growing operating leverage across our businesses, and the ongoing success of our transformation program. We are very pleased with our sustained momentum from the success of our strategic initiatives alongside continuing favorable market conditions. Our 6% organic revenue growth in the quarter represents the value proposition of our business, the impact of our investments in talent and technology, and the markets we have prioritized. Based on our strong first-half performance and our continued confidence in our outlook and execution, we have raised the low end of our 2024 adjusted operating margin and adjusted EPS target ranges to 23.0%-23.5% and $16-$17 of EPS, respectively. In addition, thanks to the success and momentum of our transformation program, we've been able to identify additional savings and, accordingly, are raising our cumulative run rate transformation savings target from $425 million to $450 million by the end of 2024. We continue to expect mid-single-digit organic growth to achieve revenue of $9.9 billion+. I'm pleased with our colleagues' focus and dedication in executing our strategic priorities. Our results and outlook reflect their hard work in delivering for our clients and driving improved productivity and efficiency. With that in mind, let me share some specifics on our recent progress and the opportunities ahead of us. As I mentioned, our rising productivity drove greater operating leverage this quarter, significantly bolstering our bottom-line performance. Our transformation efforts also contributed substantially to margin expansion. We achieved $24 million of incremental annualized savings this quarter, bringing the total to $394 million in cumulative annualized savings since the program's inception. As we near the end of our three-year transformation program, we're confident that the program has positioned us for further margin expansion over the long term. We now have the organization, processes, and capabilities in place to further optimize our cost structure, increase operational effectiveness, and improve profitability on an ongoing basis. In HWC, we continue to harness the strength of our portfolio to drive growth. We captured demand and added new clients in each of our core businesses, made many smart connections to better serve our clients' needs across different areas, and introduced new breakthrough solutions. That combination enabled us to achieve 5% organic revenue growth in the quarter, delivering accelerated growth across the Health, Wealth, and Career businesses as we consciously managed BD&O growth to optimize earnings and cash flow. Growth was led by our Health business, which generated 9% organic growth. Across the segment, we continue to see good levels of demand driven by healthcare inflation, strong employment, elevated pension fund status, new legislative and regulatory requirements, and other complexities in the macro environment. Our deep expertise and rich experience, combined with our data analytics and software solutions, position us well to help clients navigate the dynamic environment, from managing total rewards costs to de-risking pension plans. Our teams have successfully generated notable upticks in a number of areas. We've added several new Global Benefits Management appointments with organizations that want to better manage costs and also improve their employees' experience. With a favorable interest rate environment, we've helped more clients initiate pension de-risking processes through bulk lump sums in the U.S. and annuity buy-ins and buy-outs in Great Britain. As we've helped guide clients on the implications of new pay transparency and equity requirements in the E.U., more companies have engaged us for broad-based reward projects. In response to the strong employment market, we sold more compensation benchmarking surveys and more licenses for Embark, our employee experience platform. Our LifeSight Master Trust in Great Britain continues to grow, having just exceeded EUR 20 billion in assets under management. Our focus on smart connections across HWC has also continued to pay dividends. This past quarter, we worked with a large airline, which was already a global benefits management client of our health business. This client sponsored a large number of pension plans in multiple countries and needed help keeping these plans compliant, competitive, and well-run. Our GBM team introduced the client to our retirement team, which was able to provide a complete solution tailored to their retirement needs. Our strong existing relationship, together with our smart connections mindset, helped us win a multi-year contract and gave our client a more developed service proposition with flexible pricing options. Another example involves a large automotive retailer where we secured a Health & Benefits consulting and brokerage relationship. To improve how their employees valued and utilized their benefits, we introduced our employee experience team, who presented a personalized digital approach to communication that helped the plan members break through the complexity of the healthcare environment. This generated an interest in learning how we could help them simplify the administration of their benefit plans. After hearing how our teams could also collaborate to deliver insights to improve the plan's effectiveness and help them reduce overall healthcare costs, they appointed us as their benefits outsourcer. In a third example, our segments collaborated when a team in CRB reached out to our Health & Benefits and Retirement experts. Our CRB team, who'd been helping a client assess and manage integration risks in a newly acquired business, recognized that the client's needs went beyond property casualty risks to also include people risks requiring employee benefits expertise across multiple countries. We secured this win by offering complete M&A guidance, including strategic planning and brokerage services covering both corporate risk and employee benefits. We've previously highlighted how HWC has developed breakthrough solutions that are leading the market, and I'm delighted to share two more breakthroughs this quarter. First, knowing how highly employees value flexibility, members of our U.S. r etirement team helped one of our clients find a way through complex regulations and potentially challenging administrative requirements to introduce a new pension plan feature to help employees better manage their financial situation. Also, our investments team launched our first-ever dedicated private equity pooled fund. The fund's innovative, semi-liquid structure and nature will be open to wealth and defined contribution clients. In Risk & Broking, our focus on specialization, investments in talent and technology, and top-quality client service continues to sustain client retention rates in the mid-90s and generate substantial growth opportunities. This is evidenced by the segment's organic revenue growth of 10% for the quarter, fueled by our specialty businesses, which continue to outpace the growth of the rest of the segment. All of this is the product of our differentiated service offerings and ability to adapt to our clients' changing and complex risks. Our R&B specialization strategy is about delivering tailored solutions that address industry-specific risks and optimizing our client outcomes. One of our client wins this quarter included the insurance placement for an energy supplier who had a challenging loss record and complex risk profile and was under severe time constraints for securing an insurance solution. Thanks to our deep expertise in the natural resources sector across multiple geographies, we were able to provide the company with complete coverage in just one month. We continue to make good progress with Verita, our open-market MGU in North America. The submission volume continues to increase each month as the brand is expanded across the U.S. with broad opportunities from different brokers. The team continues to evaluate and add new products to the platform to further accelerate revenue growth in the second half of the year and beyond. As we've mentioned, investments in our R&B talent base have also been a significant revenue growth driver for the segment. After a focused effort to replenish our talent base over the past few years, these new hires have become increasingly productive and are contributing to our strong organic growth in the segment. Our recent hiring efforts have been more opportunistic and strategic, with the goal of enhancing our ability to achieve sustainable, profitable growth and create value. Lucy Clarke, who's recently joined us, is one example of this type of strategic hire. Lucy's commitment to specialization, data and analytics, and exceptional client service makes her a perfect fit to lead Risk & Broking. We expect that our market presence, proven track record, and focus on talent will help further drive organic growth and margin expansion in the segment, building on the excellent work Adam Garrard has accomplished over the last five years. We are confident that our strategic investments in talent and technology, along with our specialization strategy, are leading to increased engagement with both new and existing clients. This heightened activity is crucial for driving our organic revenue growth and expanding margins for the rest of the year and beyond. In conclusion, I'd like to thank our colleagues for their unwavering commitment to WTW and to our clients, which helped us to achieve another solid quarter. We continue to effectively execute on our strategic priorities, setting us up to achieve our objectives for the year. I'm enthusiastic about our opportunities in the second half of the year and have confidence that we are on the right path to achieving our goals for 2024. With that, I'll turn the call over to Andrew. Thanks, Carl. Good morning, and thanks for joining us today. In the second quarter, we delivered organic revenue growth of 6% and drove Adjusted operating margin expansion of 240 basis points, resulting in adjusted diluted earnings per share of $2.55, an increase of 24% over the prior year. As Carl mentioned, thanks to our solid results for the past two quarters and our confidence in what we expect to achieve in the second half of the year, we have raised the low end of our 2024 financial targets for adjusted operating margin and adjusted EPS, bringing the target ranges to 23%-23.5% and $16-$17, respectively. In addition, we have been able to identify additional transformation savings and are raising our cumulative run rate target from $425 million to $450 million by the end of 2024. The total cost to achieve these savings is now estimated at $1.175 billion. These additions to the transformation program will help us drive further efficiencies as we remain focused on a strong finish to the program. Next, I'll spend some time reviewing our segment results. Note that to provide comparability with prior periods, all commentary regarding the results of our segments will be on an organic basis unless specifically stated otherwise. Health, Wealth, and Career generated revenue growth of 5% compared to the second quarter of last year, in line with our expectations of mid-single-digit organic revenue growth for the segment for 2024. We noted last quarter that we expected Health revenue growth to accelerate, and indeed the business generated revenue growth of 9% for the quarter in comparison to 3% growth in Q1. North America generated strong growth as a result of increased project work. In addition, international and Europe delivered double-digit growth driven by strong client retention, new local appointments, and the continued expansion of our global benefits management client portfolio. Wealth grew 5% in the second quarter, driven by strong growth in our retirement business due to new client acquisitions and increased project work, including pension de-risking work in North America and additional work required in a peak valuation year in Great Britain. We also delivered solid growth in our investments business due to improvements in capital markets and growth from our LifeSight solution. Career delivered 4% revenue growth in the quarter, primarily driven by broad-based compensation assignments and Work & R ewards in North America and Europe, as well as projects related to communication work and employee experience. We also saw growth in our product revenue with more sales of Embark, our employee experience portal. Our compensation benchmarking participation continues to be elevated over 2023, which should lead to accelerated growth in the second half of 2024. Benefits Delivery and Outsourcing was flat for the quarter. Solid growth in outsourcing from increased project work more than covered the revenue headwind related to the client we mentioned last quarter, who insourced its health and other benefits administration. This growth was offset by a decrease in our Medicare-related business, where we deliberately moderated growth to reflect market developments, maximize profitability, and improve free cash flow outcomes. Said differently, we do not simply chase growth at any cost in this business. HWC's operating margin was 21.9%, an increase of 360 basis points compared to the prior year's second quarter, primarily driven by operating leverage and transformation savings. Moving to Risk & Broking, revenue was up 10% on an organic basis for the second quarter, with no meaningful impact from book of business activity. Interest income was $29 million for the quarter, up $14 million from the second quarter last year. Corporate Risk & Broking had another exceptionally strong quarter with organic growth of 11%, primarily driven by higher levels of new business, strong client retention, and renewal increases across all geographies. Our specialty lines continued to be major contributors to the strong growth performance, led globally by our facultative, construction, crisis management, and financial solutions teams. Growth across CRB in Europe was led by financial solutions, facultative, fintech, and crisis management. North America CRB had solid growth driven by new business and higher renewal business from crisis management, natural resources, construction, real estate, hospitality and leisure, as well as healthcare and life sciences. Our international region had double-digit organic growth across all subregions, led by countries in Central and Eastern Europe, Middle East, Africa, and Latin America. In terms of rates, we see a continued improving landscape with favorable outcomes for clients. We see a stabilizing and softening market in some of our largest lines of business, such as property, caused by the increasing supply of capacity from insurers. The market for financial lines continues to soften, albeit with slower rate reductions in the past quarter. An exception to that is cyber, where the market is softening faster. Across all specialty lines, we see a mix, for example, in political risks and trade credit. The market is stable with some small premium rises. The same in casualty, where the market remains challenged for primary risks, especially those with North America exposures. Insurance Consulting and Technology revenue was flat compared to prior year due to tempered demand, mainly in the consulting business in North America and the U.K.. However, we have taken corresponding expense actions to protect our margins. We expect ICT to achieve mid-single-digit growth for the full year. R&B's operating margin was 20.6% for the quarter, a 450 basis point increase over the prior year's second quarter, primarily due to operating leverage driven by solid organic revenue growth in CRB, disciplined expense management, interest income, and transformation savings. Now let's turn to the enterprise-level results. At the enterprise level, adjusted operating margin for the quarter was 17%, a 240 basis point increase over the prior year, primarily driven by greater operating leverage and the benefits of our transformation program. We had $24 million of incremental annualized transformation savings, bringing the total to $394 million of cumulative savings since the program's inception. The program continues to better position us to drive operating leverage going forward. Our unallocated net was negative $106 million for the second quarter and reflects the inclusion of a $13 million provision for significant litigation. We continue to expect the full year 2024 balance to be relatively consistent with 2023. Foreign exchange was a headwind to adjusted EPS of $0.03 for the quarter. At current spot rates, we expect foreign exchange to be a headwind of approximately $0.10 on adjusted EPS for the year. Our U.S. GAAP tax rate for the quarter was 15.6% versus 19.8% in the prior year. Our adjusted tax rate for the quarter was 22.6%, compared to 23.7% for the second quarter of 2023. We continue to expect our adjusted tax rate for the year to be close to our 2023 rate, excluding the one-time items we mentioned at year-end. During the quarter, we returned $290 million to our shareholders via share repurchases of $200 million and dividends of $90 million. We continue to view share repurchases as an attractive use of capital to create long-term shareholder value and be the central focus of balanced capital allocation. We continue to expect share repurchases to total approximately $750 million in 2024, subject to market conditions and other relevant factors. We generated free cash flow of $361 million for the six months ended June 30, an increase of $11 million from prior year, primarily driven by operating margin expansion, partially offset by cash outflows related to transformation and discretionary compensation payments. The free cash flow results for the quarter are in line with our expectation, as free cash flow margin was not intended to be linear for the year. We continue to be confident in our expectations of year-over-year improvement in our full-year free cash flow margin. Our strong top-line and bottom-line performance this quarter reflects our ongoing momentum and the exemplary efforts of our colleagues to drive greater productivity and efficiency. We expect this to continue into the second half of the year and are confident in achieving our 2024 targets. With that, let's open it up for Q&A. Thank you. At this time, we will conduct the question-and-answer session. To ask a question, you will need to press star one one on your telephone and wait for your name to be announced. To withdraw your question, please press star one one again. Participants may ask a question and one follow-up question. Please stand by while we compile the Q&A roster. Our first question comes from Elyse Greenspan of Wells Fargo. Your line is now open. Thanks. Good morning. My first question, you know, just as we think about the updated 2024 guidance, what do you guys think is the biggest swing factor on just being able to exceed the EPS guidance you've outlined for 2024? Good morning, Elyse. I guess I'd look at it this way. We're really pleased with our execution in the first half of this year, and we remain optimistic on where we're tracking within the updated guidance. We do see some opportunities for stronger performance relative to our margin guidance. For example, better-than-expected productivity from our investment in talent. The timing of transformation savings could have an effect. We are continuing to find opportunities to trim expenses without impacting growth and productivity. And then, I guess, fourth, maybe I'd identify the potential for rebounding global M&A activity. That creates opportunities for both of our segments. So all these are factors that could potentially lead to some outperformance. Thanks. And my second question is on free cash flow. You know, Carl, you mentioned, you know, consciously managing BD&O growth, right, to optimize free cash flow. When I look at the cash flow, you know, for the quarter, and I, you know, kind of adjust for transformation spend, which should be winding down, the conversion was at, you know, 21% of revenue, a little bit lower for the first half of the year, given that cash users are higher in Q1. But it seems like you guys are, you know, on your way to being above that, you know, 16% target. Am I correct in that assessment? And when we get through transformation spend, is, you know, kind of the free cash flow conversion expected to perhaps be greater than what you've outlined to the street? Yeah. Hi, Elyse. It's Andrew. The free cash flow margin target of 16% plus was a longer-term target, not something necessarily tied to 2024. We're really pleased with the progress that we continue to make there. And again, the levers there that will get us to that 16%+ over time are, you know, the expansion of the operating margin, I think, which we've demonstrated quite well this quarter. And we'll continue to do that not just through transformation and operating leverage, but also by developing businesses in more profitable markets. The second item is going to be the abatement of the transformation-related cash outlays, which you mentioned, which we would expect through the beginning of 2025. And then, of course, the improved cash conversion in our Tranzact business, which, you know, we're managing the growth profile there to maximize profitability and cash conversion. So we think all of those things taken together put us on a really solid path to getting to that 16%+ over time. Thank you. Our next question comes from Gregory Peters of Raymond James. Your line is now open. Good morning, everyone. So for the first question, I'm going to focus on organic revenue growth. And in both your comments, you called out some, I'd call it, good guys that helped boost organic revenue growth in the second quarter: Career Project, Broad, Capital Markets, bulk lump sum. So I guess my question in organic is, how much of the result from the second quarter and through the first half is sustainable versus one-time in nature? Or put it another way, just trying to figure out what type of recurring aspect of the organic results will continue through next year and beyond. Good morning, Greg. It's Carl. So let me start with HWC, right? You know, as I mentioned in the prepared remarks, we expect tailwinds that will help sustain us regarding, you know, helping clients navigate the current economic environment. That includes work surrounding pension de-risking and managing total rewards, as you cited. We see the increased compensation benchmarking participation that we're getting, and that continues to be elevated over the prior year. That creates a pipeline for accelerated growth in the latter half of this year. And our smart connection strategy continues to lead to increased cross-selling opportunities. I highlighted a few of those in the prepared remarks. Moving over to R&B, yeah, we're really pleased with the 10% organic growth we delivered in R&B for the quarter, and we continue to expect mid-single-digit or better growth for that segment in the full year. We're seeing increased contributions from our strategic investments in talent and platforms, and as we continue to pursue opportunities in line with our specialty strategy. So we're confident we can achieve our 2024 revenue goals with the growing momentum we have with our clients, as well as our expected pipeline for the rest of the year. You know, our client retention rates are strong. Our book gain activity has normalized down to very manageable levels. And so we're pleased with the organic growth results from this past quarter. They are directly in line with our expectations that we laid out at year-end, right, with mid-single-digit growth at the enterprise level and in HWC, and mid-single-digit and better growth in R&B. While some businesses are seeing lower growth, others are seeing higher-than-planned growth, and overall, we're comfortable regarding our revenue expectations. Look, we've had a lot of positive momentum in our business, largely due to the investments we've made in talent and technology, as well as our growth initiatives focused on specialization and smart connections. You know, the strategic investments we've made across the business position us, we think, very well to pursue opportunities globally that offer the greatest potential for profitable growth. As these investments take shape, we expect greater top-line contributions. Okay. For the second question, I'm going to pivot to the slide on the transformation program savings. I'm citing that last bullet point where you said, "We're focusing on building an infrastructure from which to drive further efficiencies from." So, I mean, we're getting to the point where the transformation program is going to sunset. You've obviously looked like you're in a position to do really well and get your objectives. But I want to look out beyond that, you know, in 2025 and 2026. I'm curious what you meant by the statement, "Drive further efficiencies," because you put it in bold. Sure, Greg. I mean, now that WTW is on more stable footing and, you know, some of the simpler parts of the program, like real estate rationalization, are mostly behind us. You know, the technology modernization and process optimization phases are our primary focus now. We expect these actions are going to yield efficiencies as we move forward. We expect most of the transformation savings from this year will not have a meaningful impact until 2025. To bring this a bit to life, right, some examples include cloud initiatives like migration from data centers and servers and more reliance on cloud-based operations, centralizing and rightsizing support to delivery centers, reducing our application portfolio, renegotiating contracts, and reducing consultant spend. Right? A lot of these types of undertakings have always been a part of the program, but we've been able to identify additional savings by applying these sort of plans to additional areas in our business. I mean, ultimately, these actions are about simplifying our environment, making it easier to manage. And that will enable us to take advantage of streamlining automation and digitization that allows us to automate processes, to remove duplication, and operate more efficiently, right, by reducing manual effort, creating faster turnaround times. And these updates will not only reduce costs, but let us better leverage data. And that, in turn, provides more relevant advice and more targeted strategies for our clients. And that'll drive revenue growth as well, right? So what we've been doing is laying a solid foundation going into the world post the end of the 2024 transformation program. We think that gives us momentum to continue to drive efficiencies organization by taking advantage of what we've been able to construct during this period. Thank you. Our next question comes from Rob Cox of Goldman Sachs. Your line is now open. Hey, thanks. So, yeah, I just wanted to ask about transformation cash spend. So it looks like with the updated guide, if I've got my numbers right, that there's a little more than $160 million in cash restructuring charges left under the program. Do you expect the majority of those cash payments to occur in the back half of 2024? And just given that there was over $250 million of cash spending in the back half of 2023, I just want to confirm that from this point forward, cash restructuring spend is likely to be a year-over-year tailwind to free cash flow. I think that's generally, I would flip that the other way. And don't forget, we're going to have some of that bleed over into 2025 as well in terms of when the cash goes out the door versus when it's incurred from a transformation program perspective. Okay, got it. And then just going back to the moderated growth in Individual Marketplace and, you know, how it was intentional, can you just give us a little more color on why you did that in the quarter, your updated expectations on growth in the back half for this business and the impact that that could have on free cash flow? Yeah, sure. So as we said in our remarks, we deliberately moderated growth in our Medicare-related businesses to reflect market development, maximize profitability, and improve free cash flow outcomes. We do remain focused on navigating the guardrails between growth, profitability, and free cash flow there. You know, we're not chasing growth in this business and are being thoughtful about acquisition costs. At the moment, we're seeing some media buying costs increase, and that's really driven by the U.S. election media buying, and it's also causing a bit of consumer distraction. We wanted to make sure we thoughtfully navigated that. The decrease in our Medicare-related businesses was partially offset by solid growth and outsourcing within that line of business. That was driven by increased project work, which more than covered the decrease in revenue related to the client we mentioned last quarter, who insources health and other benefits administration. You know, but overall, we're still confident in our pipeline in HWC and continue to expect that segment to have mid-single-digit organic revenue growth for the full year. Thank you. Our next question comes from Paul Newsome of Piper Sandler. Your line is now open. Good morning. Thanks for the call. I was hoping you could give us some thoughts on the sort of the issue of the day, which is the outlook for the property casualty market environment and the problems we've seen in casualty. Do you think it seems like pricing is basically kind of moderating property and kind of not doing much in casualty? From your vantage point, you know, what do you think is happening and what do you think might change? Sure. Good morning, Rob. I guess I look at it this way, right? Overall, we're seeing a stabilizing to softening market, and with some differentiation there that I'll elaborate a bit on. For property, the global trend is stabilizing to softening, though there was a large amount of Nat-Cat losses in the first half of the year, such as, you know, U.S. storms, flooding in Europe, the earthquake in Taiwan. Natural catastrophe capacity is no longer the main driver of premium increases in this space. But in the casualty market, there's reduced capacity and higher pricing. Looking at financial lines, we do see them continue to soften, but the rate reductions have slowed down this quarter. Although in cyber, the market's softening faster because insurers have been widening their appetite and new capacity is entering the market. We see marine is stable to softening. But geographically, right, there's a softening market in Asia, Australia, LATAM. In Europe, we see generally flat. Same true for the U.K. Premium rises in North America have slowed to stable. You know, many of the current rate increases have been driven by complex risks such as social inflation, geopolitical conflicts, natural disaster. You know, all of this impacts our casualty lines, especially in North America and globally in political violence and terrorism. Looking at it in terms of our results, we don't view rate as a significant tailwind or headwind across our R&B portfolio in terms of how it resulted or impacted our results this past quarter. Our growth was primarily driven by high retention rates and new business, as well as the investments we've made over the last few years and the reorientation of the R&B business towards specialization. We think that's really made a difference for us and is going to continue to differentiate for us. Fantastic. That's all I wanted to ask. We want a little bit of people to ask questions. Appreciate the help, as always. Thank you. Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from Andrew Kligerman of TD Cowen. Your line is now open. Hey, good morning. I'd like to follow up on an earlier question about revenue, organic revenue growth. You did 9% in health, and then on the other side in CRB, you did 10%. So, you know, I think about the, you know, exceptional talent that you've hired, and they really are exceptional. And the numbers, you know, have brought the count up. So when I think of those two, you know, low double, high single-digit numbers in health and CRB, how much of that, and then I put that next to your guidance of mid-single digit or higher in terms of your objective for growth, should I think about most of that outsized growth as just kind of the tailwinds of the new talent, and then it just kind of eases into mid-single digit or higher? Or do you think those high numbers and those two material subsegments will continue? Well, I mean, as I've said before, Andrew, right, we do have some positive momentum that results not just from the investment we've made in talent, but what we think is a differentiated strategy that enables that talent to best succeed in the marketplace. You know, we do think that we still have more productivity we can get from the cohorts of talent we've brought on board over the last several years. And we continue to look for talent out in the marketplace who view WTW as the best place they can use to leverage what they can bring to their client base. So we think that there's momentum in those businesses. We think our strategy helps us succeed. We are optimistic that there is continued progress we can make. That's awesome. And in ICT, so that was flat. And you said it was, you know, tempered demand for discretionary services. And I think Andrew said that he expects a pickup in the second half in that area. Could you talk specifically about some of those services that are big at ICT and why you think that'll pick up in the second half? Yeah, sure. ICT comprises about 10% or roughly $400 million of R&B's annualized revenue. And that's split roughly 50/50 between software sales and consulting revenue. You know, given its size, $a few million in either direction can have an impact on the organic growth rate for the period if a couple of sizable contracts have, you know, modified timing period to period. In the first half of the year, we saw some of those large consulting projects being postponed. However, we recognize that the environment for certain advisory work within ICT may continue to be challenging. So we moderated our growth expectation there accordingly, you know, along the lines of mid-single-digit growth for ICT. So it's really around the timing of some software sales, which can be chunky from time to time, as well as some of the discretionary spend related to the consulting side of the business and the timing of those projects. Thank you. Our next question comes from Mike Ward of Citigroup. Your line is now open. Thanks. Good morning. Carl, you mentioned the opportunity to potentially outperform some of the guidance on the margins. I was wondering if you could quantify potential upside at all to margins. Yeah. We're not going to quantify any potential upside, but I think if I think about how the rest of the year could play out, you know, we obviously were very pleased with the 240 basis points of margin expansion we had this quarter. That gives us the confidence in the outlook for the full year, hence the increase in the target range to 23%-23.5% for the year. If you just think about some of the puts and takes for the rest of the year, you know, we expect the run rate transformation savings to be spread ratably over the year. We also anticipate operating leverage on a full year basis as we continue to drive organic growth, as well as focusing on cost discipline and operating efficiency. Just as a reminder, the pacing of book gains and interest income in the comparable period, some of those things may cause the scale of margin expansion to vary quarter by quarter. But, you know, as you heard me mention, and as Carl mentioned earlier, you know, we do see opportunities to potentially outperform. Okay. Thank you. And then for CRB, we've seen a divergence in the pricing environment for large accounts versus small market or smaller. I was hoping you could talk about what you're seeing in terms of pricing across your customer segments within CRB overall, I guess. Yeah. Sure. I think I talked a little bit about this when I discussed rate a question or two ago. There's, you know, there's certainly more differentiated depending on the nature of the risk and what the, you know, performance has been over time where, you know, for instance, cat-exposed and cat-hit property is clearly a more challenged environment than clients who've had relatively loss-free records. So there is, you know, clearly, I think, a desire by markets to continue to differentiate in the pricing that they offer our client base. But it's, you know, we're not seeing the difficulty we might have had a few years ago with capacity in various markets. We're able to achieve, I think, quite good results for our clients. We anticipate that will be the case going forward. Thank you. Our next question comes from Mike Zaremski of BMO. Your line is now open. Hey, great. Good morning. You know, back to the discussion on what was, you know, excellent, continues to be excellent organic growth in R&B. Just looking through kind of past transcripts and what you've said this quarter, you mentioned client retention in the mid-90s% the past couple of quarters. And the quarters before that, you've said that, you know, retention improved and increased. Is it fair to kind of assume that retention continues to be a driver of some of the outsized growth, or am I reading into things too much? I mean, retention continues to be in the mid-90s%, which is a level we're very pleased with. That, you know, business you keep is less business you have to replace. And we think that's a result of, you know, the excellent client service we deliver, as well as the insights we're able to provide our client base with our risk analytics that we feel are unmatched in the industry. So no question that the retention rates we have are ones we'd like to keep persistent going forward. Got it. That is kind of a you're at a normalized retention rate. I should have been more clear today. Well, yeah. I mean, we're certainly at levels that are, you know, consistent with where we were a number of years ago before, you know, some of the disruption we had. And the stabilization of the talent base is fundamental back. Okay. Great. My follow-up, just sticking on the R&B segment, you know, margins improvement was just—was excellent as well. You know, I heard some of the comments, but just want to make sure there's kind of nothing. It was really mostly operating leverage, or is there something that was one time or something that was cut in terms of expenses that we should just be careful with run rating? And I know you obviously have guidance out there on the margin, but just curious, just the extent of the margin beat was so much. Thanks. Yeah. There was nothing unusual. It was all driven by transformation savings and operating leverage and, of course, you know, focusing on prudent expense management as part of that. Thank you. Our next question comes from Yaron Kinar of Jefferies. Your line is now open. Thank you. Good morning. Wanted to circle back to the guidance, the updated guidance, specifically the margin guidance. So I think at the midpoint, the new guidance would suggest material slowdown in margin expansion in the second half. Can we maybe talk about that a little bit? Yeah, sure. I think I would bring you back to Carl's comments earlier about sort of, you know, continuing to drive operating leverage, transformation program continuing to hit, and, you know, where we think we might land within that range and the level of optimism around that. So we feel really comfortable about where we're going to land within that range given the industry dynamics as well as our progress on transformation and operating leverage. And again, we do see the, yeah, sorry, go ahead. I was just going to say with that comment of kind of the continued kind of fruits of the transformational program coming through and the scale, why would we see a meaningful slowdown in margin expansion in the second half of the year, kind of year-over-year relative to where it's been the first half? Yeah. I mean, we do see the opportunity to outperform that range that we put out there. You know, Carl went through some of the puts and takes of that earlier about how we might get there around, you know, better than expected productivity from investment and talent, the timing of the transformation savings, you know, continuing to focus on, you know, prudent management of expenses without impacting growth, and then some, you know, business factors as well, which could provide some incremental tailwinds. Got it. Potential upside to that guidance. My second question, Andrew, you know, you had talked about the Medicare-related business. Can you maybe offer some additional color on what you meant by the market developments? Do you still consider this an attractive long-term business? Maybe I apologize for throwing in a lot here, but also what's allowed Willis and Tranzact to succeed where we've seen a growing list of competitors stumble? Well, let me address the latter, right? I mean, I think we run a business that's got a couple of differentiating features to it. One is the diversification we've got between product and lead type. Second, I'd probably identify a bit of discipline. Historically, many of our competitors have gone for growth at all costs. We've always, I think, tried to pursue a path that looks at growth and profitability and cash spend and try and balance all three for sustainable margins and revenue growth. And we've got a management team that I think has proven very effective over prior years at being able to manage all that. And so, you know, there's a certain discipline we've approached that business that hasn't been necessarily present throughout the industry. Looking forward a bit, right? There's no question that there's, you know, we've seen any sort of headlines regarding what's going on here. You know, we've seen the, you know, proposed Medicare Advantage rates and what they could have in the business. You know, that's, you know, regarding what sort of commissions that carriers pay to brokers for selling policies. There continues to be some uncertainty as how that's going to play out with the carriers. But I think speculating as to the potential impact on our business regarding commissions would be really premature. You know, we've been managing regulatory changes that are impact over prior years. We've been successfully navigating those changes in the past, and I think we're going to continue to do so. You know, carriers have a lot of options for managing their profitability. And while broker commissions could be a lever, there are other options that are going to be far more impactful for them, like benefit changes and premium tweaks. And, you know, turning to the final CMS rule for 2025 that addresses marketing of Medicare Advantage plans, that was reduced in early April. The final rule was less onerous than the proposed rule in a number of ways. There's still some uncertainties about how that's all going to be implemented. But, right, the U.S. Courts have stayed part of this rule, which means the terms may not. Sorry, will not take effect this year. You know, we remain actively engaged with the carriers in this space. They have reiterated the important role we play in the distribution of Medicare insurance solutions and the valuable services we provide to beneficiaries. So I guess in sum, we remain confident we'll be able to work effectively with carriers to deliver services and be compensated fairly as long as we bring value. Thank you. Our next question comes from David Motemaden of Evercore ISI. Your line is now open. Hi, good morning. I had a question just on the headcount growth within R&B. It sounds like the productivity enhancement has been, you know, exceeded expectations, but I'm wondering, you know, as we sort of sunset that or that moderates as employees ramp, how you guys are thinking about headcount growth within R&B compared to the 2% headcount growth in R&B you had in 2023? So, I mean, you know, after a focused effort over the past few years, we think we've replenished our talent base. We've seen the new hires begin to contribute to our organic growth, as I discussed earlier. We've had several waves of hiring over the past few years, and so we still have a bit more to go as these cohorts mature to peak productivity. Currently, our hiring efforts are more opportunistic. They're more strategic with a goal of enhancing our ability to achieve sustainable and profitable growth and create value, right? Our hiring of Lucy Clarke, that I talked about during the prepared remarks, is one example of this sort of strategic hire. We've recently announced a few other strategic hires to support our industry verticals and Verita as well. With respect to our expense rate base, any incremental investments, whether they're in talent or technology, are not going to prevent us from hitting our 2024 margin targets. And as Andrew alluded to, we expect to be toward the higher end of our target margin range in 2024 and expect margin expansion in both segments. Got it. Thank you. And then just my follow-up, wondering if I could get just a little bit more detail on Verita in terms of just how big it is and how fast it's growing. Any sort of numbers you can put around it would be helpful because it sounds like it's been fairly successful. Yeah. We're very pleased with the growth that we've seen since launching the platform. It's, you know, done better than we had initially expected. However, you know, given the overall size of the R&B business, you know, still relatively small and, you know, not necessarily moving the needle from an organic growth perspective at this point in time. Thank you. Our next question comes from Mark Marcon of Baird. Your line is now open. Hey, good afternoon. Good morning, and thanks for taking my questions. Andrew, one quick question and then a follow-up for Carl. On the unallocated costs, obviously, they jumped up. You mentioned that there was the legal fee. You did say that for the full year, we should be roughly equal to the level that we saw in 2023. Is that correct? Yeah, that is correct. So unallocated net was $106 million for the quarter, which, you know, that's an increase from the $52 million in the prior year. And it does include that $13 million provision that you referenced. Year to date, we're at $162 million. We think that's a more meaningful comparison point given that expectation that 2024 should be relatively consistent with the 2023 balance, which is about $296 million. Great. And then, Carl, you know, we take a look at all the various segments. And, you know, with the exception of Tranzact, which you're moderating on purpose, it seems like the momentum is quite solid. Obviously, you've got a differentiated strategy. You've made some talent hires. But I'm also wondering, you know, when you internally monitor engagement within the more than 40,000 professionals that you have within the organization, after, you know, several years of change, do you feel like morale engagement has improved significantly? And some of the productivity improvements that we're seeing are basically just due to a widespread increase in terms of confidence and things being more settled? I don't want to give any impression that we're sitting there thinking we've solved everything or we're arrogant, but I do think organizationally we're dealing with, you know, 46,000 people who got their mojo back, and it shows. And when I walk the halls of an office, whether it's here today in New York or London or Paris or Hong Kong, people like where they're working, and they're enthusiastic about our prospects. And that's a wonderful thing to say. Thank you. Our next question comes from Meyer Shields of Keefe, Bruyette & Woods. Your line is now open. Thanks. A few quick questions. I guess the first, because of the strangeness of Tranzact accounting, can you also think about how impactful moderating growth could be to the fourth quarter organic growth in Health, Wealth & Career? Yeah, sure. You know, if we do continue to see that moderation of growth within the Medicare-related businesses, you know, it could temper some growth within the overall HWC segment. However, we continue to, you know, focus on the strong pipeline that we do have in the other businesses there. You know, it is a portfolio of businesses and believe that, I think Carl mentioned earlier, for example, you know, the pipeline in survey work that we expect to take hold, as well as some of the project-based work in North America within health. So we're really confident about delivering the mid-single-digit growth for the segment overall for the year. Okay. That's helpful. A second question, maybe bigger picture. Can you give a sense of what Lucy Clarke's priorities are as she comes in, like for the first 12-18 months? Oh, Lucy's priorities. Sorry. It got a little garbled there for a second. I guess I'll look at it this way, right? I mean, we're incredibly excited that Lucy's joined us. She's a perfect fit to accelerate our existing strategy and lead R&B. She's got deep experience and specialization. She's got a proven track record of attracting and developing top-tier talent, and she's got a well-honed ability to execute. Her background's well aligned with our focus of specialization and our investments in talent and technology. I think she, you know, Lucy's, you know, just joined us this week, right? She's surveying the landscape of the R&B business. I expect she'll, you know, affirm what's working well, use the benefit of her decades of experience in other organizations to see what else we could be doing to modify our approach. But the reason she's joined us is that she believes in our strategy. And I expect that we're looking at fine-tuning, not wholesale revolution. Thank you. Our next question comes from Mark Hughes of Truist Securities. Your line is now open. Yeah, thank you. Good morning. Andrew, anything you can say about the trajectory of unallocated into 2025? We're not giving any guidance or financial perspectives for 2025 yet. But again, for 2024, we do expect the balance to be relatively similar to where we landed the year for 2023. And then any specifics on the cash spend on the transformation in the second half and then how much goes into 2025? Yeah. So we do expect some of the transformation cash spend to bleed over into 2025 and, you know, expect, you know, some payments to be made from a calendar cash basis perspective, you know, throughout the third and fourth quarters. Thank you. This concludes the question-and-answer session. I would now like to turn it back to Carl Hess, WTW's Chief Executive Officer. Thank you once again for joining us today for our second quarter earnings conference call. I deeply appreciate the dedication of our WTW colleagues worldwide who have made this strong quarter possible. Additionally, I extend my gratitude to our shareholders for their ongoing support. Thank you for your participation in today's conference. This does conclude the program. You may now disconnect.